USA > Massachusetts > Worcester County > Milford > History of the town of Milford, Worcester county, Massachusetts, from its first settlement to 1881 > Part 28
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1 It was soon superseded by that of the town, and its incipient collection of books sold off.
226
HISTORY OF MILFORD.
"Ist, That the town do establish and maintain a public library under the statute of 1851, chapter 305.
"2d, That the town do appropriate the full sum of money which it is by law authorized to grant, to establish a public library; to wit, as many dollars as there were ratable polls in Milford in the enumeration of 1857.
"3d, That the town proceed to choose a board of thirteen trustees, who shall have full authority to do all legal and necessary acts, to purchase a town library, to make by-laws, and appoint officers for the same, with power to fill all vacancies in their own body; and this board shall continue in office till the next annual March meeting, and until others are chosen in their stead.
"4th, That all by-laws proposed by said trustees shall be submitted to the town for its ratification.
" 5th, The following named persons were chosen said trustees : Andrew J. Sumner, Elias Whitney, John G. Gilbert, H. B. Staples, B. Wood, George W. Stacy, Francis Leland, Edwin Battles, H. H. Bowers, Daniel S. Chapin, J. R. Davis, Charles C. Johnson, and Dwight Russell.
"6th, That the treasurer of the town be authorized to borrow the sum of one thousand dollars for the purchase of books and for fitting up a room or rooms for the town library, and hold the same subject to the order of the selectinen.
"7th, That the selectmen draw the money for the town library at the request or order of the trustees of the same."
The trustees immediately proceeded with the necessary steps of organization, and reported promptly to the town an appropriate code of by-laws, rules, and regulations, which were ratified at a legal meeting, Nov. 8, 1858, and have remained in force, with slight amend- ments, ever since. They were well draughted, judicious, and prac- tical. Mr. Battles is entitled, I believe, to the credit of having been their draughtsman. It is hardly necessary for me to incorporate them with the text of this work, as they have been printed in such en- during forms as never to perish or become inaccessible to interested inquirers. Thus the " Milford Town Library " was inaugurated, has been generously sustained in succeeding years, has been admirably managed, and has proved in all respects a triumphant success. Lib- eral annual appropriations have generally been made to its support by the town, with only a few exceptions under severe pressures of public burden. Able boards of thirteen trustees have been regularly elected, whose executive officers have uniformly rendered efficient service, and whose annual reports to the town have been very satis- factory. The following tabular statement, made from such printed reports as were at my command, exhibits creditably the progress of the library's operations and development : -
227
LIBRARY, PRESS, AND LITERATURE.
YEARS.
Catalogued Vols.
No. of Takers.
Whole No. Loans.
No. Vols. Lost.
1861-62
2,363
1,854
17,038
22
1862-63 .
2,574
1,839
21,390
55 in all.
1863-64
2,593
1,694
17,976
51
1864-65
2,748
2,046
21,253
55
1865-66
2,810
1,911
20,169
62
1866-67
3,002
1,821
20,648
50
1867-68
3,057
1,885
20,701
11
1868-69
3,270
Not given.
21,530
36
1869-70 .
3,422
1,880
18,049
58
1872-73 .
3,965
1,592
21,599
2
1873-74
3,765
1,400
20,101
22
1874-75
4,419
Not given.
27,762
Not given.
1875-76
4,764
34,046
66
1876-77
4,961
66'
37,184
1877-78
5,277
66
35,562
1878-79
5,585
36,306
There have been ten or more successive librarians, several of whose names follow : George H. Young, A. C. Withington, James R. Davis, George B. Blake, Joseph Parker, William H. Lothrop, Frank L. Smith, A. H. Smith, George P. Smith, Nathaniel F. Blake. The report of 1878-79 shows the steadily increasing amplitude, prosperity, and popu- lar influence of the library, with its cognate reading-room only recently added.
OUR PRESS AND LITERATURE.
Our first printing-office was opened by Ballou & Stacy, toward the close of 1830; George W. Stacy, printer. It was located in an apartment of William Godfrey's shed-loft, then standing on the west side of the parish common. Thence the writer, as editor and pro- prietor, issued No. 1, Vol. I., of a religious weekly paper, entitled "Independent Messenger." It was a fair-sized sheet of five columns, and was the organ of the Independent Restorationists, who were then separating from the Universalists of the no-future-retribution school. The first number bore date Saturday, Jan. 1, 1831. Early in the ensuing April the establishment - press, paper, printer, and editor - removed to Mendon.
No other printing, to my knowledge, was done in Milford till May 28, 1842, at Hopedale. There the same printer and editor re-appeared, under the auspices of the Community, then just commencing opera- tions. The Community friends had already published Vols. I. and II.
228
HISTORY OF MILFORD.
of a semi-monthly religious paper, entitled " The Practical Christian ;" but it had been dated " Mendon," and printed at such offices in dif- ferent places as seemed most convenient. At the above date it com- menced Vol. III. in Hopedale ; and there it continued to be printed for eighteen years, until finally suspended at the close of Vol. XX. The writer was its principal editor ; but it had several assistant editors, and most of the time an ample staff of contributors. It was several times enlarged ; and the printing-establishment turned out a legion of tracts, first and last, besides several considerable-sized books, and more or less job-work. Among the more important books, pamphlets, and tracts issued from its press, were the following named : " Practical Christian Socialism : a Conversational Exposition of the True System of Human Society," etc., pp. 655, octavo; 1854 ; published by the author, Adin Ballou. "Memoir of Adin Augustus Ballou, written and compiled by his father ; " pp. 192, 18mo ; 1853. " Monitorial Guide, for the use of Inductive Conferences, Communities," etc. ; by A. Bal- lou ; pp. 336, 12mo ; 1862. " The Hopedale Collection of Hymns and Songs ; " 316 hymns, 24mo. "The True Scriptural Doctrine of the Second Advent ; " an octavo pamphlet of 32 pp. Also a tract, " Prac- tical Christianity in Relation to the Dogma of Endless Punishment ; " another, " Practical Christianity and its Non-Resistance in Relation to Human Governments ; " another, " On the Inspiration of the Bible ; " another, "The Superiority of Moral over Political Power." I refrain from designating any more of this long series of publications from the writer's pen, as also other larger productions printed elsewhere.
In 1846 George W. Stacy left Hopedale, and opened a successful printing-establishment in Milford Centre. The amount and variety of production executed in that establishment, from its start to the present time, I am incompetent to estimate with any thing like busi- ness accuracy. It has turned out almost every description of work usual with country offices, - books, pamphlets, towu-reports, adver- tising-sheets, posters, etc. ; and I think, too, that it has issued sev- eral specimens of the newspaper kind, though none of long-continued series.
The " Milford Journal " establishment came into existence in 1852, under the auspices of the " Milford News Association," which raised a thousand dollars among the leading citizens as an initiatory pub- lishing fund. Charles Nason, as editor and proprietor, accepted the fund, pledged a six-column weekly for at least one year to its patrons, and issued No. 1, Vol. I., June 18, 1852. At the expiration of two years he sold out his interest to A. Dexter Sargeant, who ran the establishment till Dec. 27, 1856, publishing meantime our first direc-
229
PRINTING ESTABLISHMENTS.
tory, bearing date 1856. He transferred his proprietorship to Wood & Blunt, who ran it in company till January, 1858 ; then Blunt sold his share to his partner, Bartholomew Wood, who, some three years later, sold the concern to Crocker & Sons. Before the close of 1865 they transferred it to Charles G. Easterbrook, who kept it only about three months, and sold out to Rev. James D. Bell. He made sale of it, perhaps in 1866, to James M. Stewart, who improved, profited by it, and at length sold it, in 1872, to Cook & Sons, the present enter- prising proprietors. It probably yielded little excess of income to its earlier proprietors, but grew gradually into importance with advancing years, until now, with vastly increased facilities and extended patron- age, it occupies a profitable as well as an influential field of usefulness. In its own line it has undoubtedly been an educator of the people to an extent not easily appreciable. It has had but one rival in town, " The Bay State Chronicle," which was published by Coffin & Drake, somewhere between 1859 and '61, several months, with such indif- ferent success that it proved a failure. I have tried to ascertain the dates of its birth and death, but did not light on competent informers.
Michael A. Blunt has run a printing-office for various kinds of job- work during the last twenty-five years or more, and has done a prosperous business. I understand that he has been printing, for a considerable time, two periodical publications having a metropolitan imprint, besides his ordinary jobbing.
Bryan J. Butts purchased the Hopedale printing materials in 1860, and has issued, for longer or shorter terms, two periodicals ; viz., "Modern Age " and "Spiritual Reformer," besides various chil- dren's books and miscellaneous effusions written by his wife and him- self ; also, meantime, executing considerable job-work.
Thus I have closed this elaborate chapter with these items con- cerning our press and literature ; being unwilling to ignore them, and not seeing where else I could more logically insert them.
I heartily congratulate the town on the devotion and liberality which their records show them to have displayed in the cause of pub- lic education, especially during the last forty years.
230
HISTORY OF MILFORD.
CHAPTER X.
OUR RELIGIOUS SOCIETIES AND CHURCHES.
I. History of the Congregational Parish completed. - Awkward Relation of Town and Parish dissolved. - The New Meeting-house built in Troublous Times with much Prayer. - Dedication and Rejoicings. - Rev. Mr. Long's Prosperous Pastorate until 1844, when he resigned, and was dismissed. - His Successors down to 1878. - Succession of Deacons, and Status of the Church. - Thorough Renovation and Enlargement of the Meeting-House, and other Particulars of interest.
II. The Universalist Society. - Its Origin in 1781. - Organization in 1785, under the Murray "Charter of Compact."-Its Members and Ministers down to 1820. - New Strength from the Controversy of 1819. - Brick Meeting-House erected, and dedicated with Enthusiasm. - Succession of Ministers and Officers. - New Church Edifice built and dedicated in 1851. - Other Recent Particulars.
III. The Methodists and their Societies. - Early Society in North Purchase in 1792, etc. - Meeting-House built and finally burnt. - Parsonage built and sold. - Succession of Ministers. - Society Officers, etc. - Changes and Final Decay. - The Present Prosperous Society originated in Prayer-Meetings. - Services held in Town House, 1836. - Organization in 1844. - Meeting-house and Parsonage built in 1849. - Succession of Ministers and Officers, etc.
IV. Central Baptist Church. - Brief History of its Origin, Progress, aud Standing. V. The Episcopalian Society. - Historical Particulars of its Origin, Progress, and Status.
VI. St. Mary's Church (Roman Catholic). - Its Origin, Growth, and Prosperity in Detail.
VII. The Hopedale Community and Parish. - Exposition of the Community's Pecu- liarities, and its Submergence iuto the Hopedale Parish, etc.
VIII. Miscellanies.
I. HISTORY OF THE CONGREGATIONAL PARISH COMPLETED.
CHAPTERS V. and VI. treat fully of the original precinct and 7 church, and bring down their history, after the town's incor- poration, to the year 1801. The town continued to act as legal suc- cessor to the precinct in parochial affairs till the year 1819; but it did so in an eccentric and complicated manner, owing to the gradu- ally increasing numbers of dissenters from the Congregational denomi- nation who became exempts from parochial taxation. The town had to act in a double capacity, and to run two sets of financial machinery : one as a municipal corporation, which took in all the inhabitants ; and the other as a parish, which included only willing supporters of the Congregational order. This complex and awkward state of things
231
SETTLEMENT OF REV. DAVID LONG.
culminated, at lengthi, in a dissolution of the relationship. Early in 1819 the Congregationalists, having decided to erect a new meeting- house on the site of the old one, legally re-organized themselves as a parish, on such grounds as to resume their former precinct rights independent of the town. This raised a long and bitter controversy between the town and parish parties about the old meeting-house, etc., whereof I will speak more fully in another place. After 1819 the Congregational parish and church must be considered simply as our oldest religious society. But there were important transactions between 1800 and 1819 in which the town was more or less con- cerned, and which I must notice as preceding the subsequent events.
From the Church Records. - "The Congregational Church of Christ in Milford, after having been destitute of a Pastor between eight and nine years, since the decease of Rev. Amariah Frost, at length so far succeeded in their wishes as to obtain Mr. David Long as a Candidate on probation for settlement, who came on the day before the third sabbath in Sept., 1800. Dec. 24, 1800, being appointed a day of fasting & prayer by the chh., to look to God for direction in the choice of a Pastor, the chh., after the public exercises of the day, being assembled in chh. meeting, passed the following votes; Rev. Caleb Alexander, Moderator.
"1. Voted unanimously to give Mr. David Long a call to be their Pastor & public Teacher in piety & morality.
"2. To chuse Dea. Seth Nelson, Eldr John Chapin & Dea. Nath' Rawson as a Committee to acquaint Mr. Long of their proceedings; also to acquaint & desire the Select Men to call a town meeting to see what measures sd town will take for the support of sd Mr. Long."
Action of the Town, Jan. 5, 1801 : Col. Ichabod Thayer, Moderator. - " Then passed a previous vote to Exempt all Denominations in said Town who do not belong to the Congregational Society (so called) in Taxation, either for the cost of Settlement or Salary for Mr. David Long, should they settle him in said Town.
"Then voted to join with the Church in giving Mr. David Long a Call to be their Pastor & Public Teacher of Piety, Religion, and Morality.
"Then chose a Committee to See what Encouragement they would offer Mr. David Long for a Settlement & Salary, in order to Settle him with them. Dea. Seth Nelson, Eldr John Chapin, Saml. Jones, Esq., Col. Ichabod Thayer, Adams Chapin, Capt. Gershom Nelson, James Perry, Capt. Nath' Parkhurst, & Elijah Thayer, Committee for the purpose above mentioned. Agreed to Recommend to the Town that they offer Mr. David Long, for his Encourage- ment to Settle with them, 150£ Settlement, to pay one-half in one year, the other half in Two years after he shall settle with them; to give him annu- ally 80£ Salary (Including the Interest of the Ministry money) So long as he shall Remain their Minister.
"The Town then voted to accept of the Report of their Committee as
3
232
HISTORY OF MILFORD.
Stated by them for the Support of Mr. David Long, if he should Settle with them.
"Then chose Dea. Seth Nelson, Eldr John Chapin, Lt. Ephm. Chapin, a Committee to Lay before Mr. David Long the proceedings of said Town Meeting.
"ICHABOD THAYER, Moderator. " ADAMS CHAPIN, Clerk."
At a town-meeting held Jan. 26, 1801, the vote exempting dis- senters from parochial taxation was further strengthened and ratified, and the following-named citizens were formally declared exempts : -
"Josiah Ball, Obadiah Wood, Noah Wiswall, David Stearns, Edmd. Bow- ker, John Corbett, Ebenr. Sumner, Jr., David Madden, Wales Cheney, Ebenr. Sumner, Daniel Carter, Darius Sumner, James Battle, Lazarus Ball, Ebenr. Hunt, Joseph Hunting, Jr., Caleb Cheney, Michael Madden, Levi Madden, Joseph Hunting, John Wales, Ebenr. McFarland, Lewis Cobb, Zenas Ball, Joseph Hunt, Caleb Albee, Ichabod Corbett, Luther Wheelock, Caleb Al- drich, Elijah Albee, Elias Parkman, Cyrus Wheelock, Daniel Wedge, Nathan Wood, Luke Kelley. Also voted to Exempt from Ministerial Taxation George Kelley, Luke Kelley, & Wing Kelley, and all others of the Denomination of Christians called Quakers in said Town, and also all other persons in said Town who are now known to be of different denominations from the Congre- gationalists in Religion, & who have hitherto been exempted."
Thus all difficulties were supposed to be obviated as to the settle- ment and support of the newly-called pastor. Mr. Long sent in his formal acceptance of the call tendered him, on the terms proposed ; and arrangements were forthwith made, concurrently by church and town, for his ordination. The day first set for his ordination was the first Wednesday in June, but it was changed to Wednesday, May 20, -a fortnight earlier. The church sent letters missive "to all the Churches in Mendon Association, also those of Hopkinton, Dun- barton, and Boscawen, N. H." The committee of the chh. to write the letters missive, and wait on the council, consisted of Dea. Seth Nelson, Eld. John Chapin, and Nathl. Rawson. The town's committee to provide for the council consisted of Dea. Seth Nelson, Col. Ichabod Thayer, Saml. Jones, Esq., Capt. Benjamin Godfrey, and Lt. Ephm. Chapin. But Dea. Seth Nelson, who seems to have been a generous as well as devoted man, stepped forward and pledged himself to provide for the council gratis.
" Result of Council. - At an Ecclesiastical Council, convened at the house of Dea. Seth Nelson, in Milford, May 20, 1801, in consequence of letters missive from the Church of Christ in Milford, were present, -
233
ORDINATION OF REV. MR. LONG.
REV. PASTORS.
WORTHY DELEGATES.
David Sanford,
Dea. Nathaniel Partridge,
Nathaniel Emmons, D.D.,
Dea. James Metcalf,
Isaac Stone,
Capt. Caleb Whiting,
Edmund Mills,
Brother Ezekiel Morse,
Caleb Alexander,
Dea. Josiah Adams,
John Cleaveland,
Dea. Asa Ware,
John Crane,
Br. Henry Morse,
John Robinson,
Hon. Elijah Brigham,
John Wilder,
Br. Stephen Fuller,
Timothy Dickinson,
Dea, Jesse Haven,
Nathaniel Howe,
Walter Harris,
Dea. Joseph Walker, Br. Thomas Mills,
Samuel Judson,
Dea. Nicholas Baylies,
Benjamin Wood,
Dea. Amos Bradish,
Nathan Holman,
Br. Peter Thatcher,
Otis Thompson,
Dea. John Brown,
Hopkinton Church, N.H.
Br. Enoch Long, Jr.
"The Council, having formed, chose the Rev. David Sanford Moderator, and the Rev. John Crane Scribe; and, after addressing the Throne of Grace by prayer, proceeded to the examination of Mr. David Long relative to his Doctrinal and Experimental knowledge of the gospel, and, being fully satis- fied with his qualifications for the ministry, voted to proceed to his ordina- tion. And accordingly the several parts were assigned : viz., the Rev. Walter Harris, Preacher on the occasion; Rev. David Sanford, to make the ordain- ing prayer; the Rev. Nathaniel Emmons, D.D., to give the Charge; the Rev. Caleb Alexander, to give the Right Hand of Fellowship; the Rev. Edmund Mills, the introductory prayer; and the Rev. John Cleaveland, the concluding prayer.
" Attest: JOHN CRANE, Scribe."
"DAVID SANFORD, Moderator.
" The Council then proceeded according to result, and the ordination was solemnized on a stage in the open air, near the Meeting-house, that not being sufficient. The exercises were performed to general satisfaction, and with great applause. The numerous auditory observed among themselves uncommon decency and decorum, and the whole exhibited to the people of God in this place a solemn, affecting, and yet pleasing scene." (From Vol. II. of Chh. Records, p. 56, in the handwriting of Rev. Mr. Long.)
Mr. Long's ministry seemed to proceed with a good degree of prosperity, internal and external, for many years, - perhaps I ought to say through its whole duration, though not without some serious trials, crosses, and adversities. He was a man of good common- sense, respectable learning, much prudence, great fidelity to his re- ligious convictions, and eminently exemplary in all the walks of life.
234
HISTORY OF MILFORD.
See his genealogy, and the brief biographical sketch accompanying the same, in Part II. of this work.
The next event most worthy of note in the history of this society and church was the erection of their new meeting-house, in 1819. It was high time that the old sanctuary should give place to a new and more commodious one. The first question that arose was, where the new edifice should stand. Some friends living to the north-east of the parish common, I am told, were urgent that the proposed new house should stand on the place then occupied by Abner Wight, afterwards by Dr. G. D. Peck, and in our time by the late Ziba Thayer and his widow. This was in itself a very desirable site ; but the church and most of the worshippers had so deep a reverence for the ancient sacred location, that they resolved not to abandon it. Theu another question of much greater practical importance arose, -- to whom did the old meeting-house belong, - to the parish, or the town? Two strong antagonistic parties at once divided the whole population, - the town party and the parish party. The town party insisted that the house was the property of the town, and, being decidedly in the majority at the polls, forbade the parish to meddle with it. But the parish, having legally re-organized so as to resume the rights of the former precinct, undanntedly dismantled the old edifice of its inside valu- ables, sold the shell, and cleared the ground for their new temple. Hence the case went to the courts, which at length decided the issues in favor of the parish. What consequences followed between the two contending parties will be set forth under another head. (See Chap. XIV., Sect. I.)
The parish now went forward vigorously to erect their new meeting- honse. The following, from Vol. II. of the church records, in Rev. Mr. Long's handwriting, describes the course of proceedings and events : --
" 1819, May 9. Most of the members of the Chh., male and female, con- vened at the house of the Pastor, in the intermission on the sabbath, and took into view the low state of religion in this place, the important under- taking in which the Parish are engaged for building a new Meeting-house, and the unprovoked opposition and devices raised by many, out of the Parish, against the work. And in view of these things, it was thought advisable to set apart a season for special united prayer, 'that we might seek of God a right way for us, and for our little ones, and for all our substance' (Ezra viii. 21). And as the work of rebuilding is to commence the present week, and as the old house of worship is to be disposed of on Wednesday next, therefore agreed that the proposed meeting be on Monday next, 2 o'clock, P.M., at the house of the Pastor.
ERECTION OF THE NEW MEETING-HOUSE, ETC. 235
" May 10. The Chh. met according to adjournment, most of the mem- bers being present, and enjoyed a solemn and comforting season in seeking for the outpouring of the Spirit; a blessing on the work of rebuilding the sanctuary, that success may be given to the undertaking, that ' the glory of the latter house may be greater than that of the former,' and that no device formed against the cause and people of God here may prosper. And much satisfaction was enjoyed in committing the whole, as we trust, to divine care and direction. Also, agreed to continue our meetings for like purposes during the season, or as long as duty shall appear, once in every month, in addition to the first Monday in the month, which has heretofore been observed as a season for special prayer. Also, appointed Tuesday, May 18, 2 o'clock, P.M., to be observed as a public season of prayer in relation to the same objects, a discourse to be delivered on the occasion.
" May 18. The Chh. and Parish convened according to appointment. A very full assembly. Sermon on 1 Chron. 28: 20. The old Meeting-house to be broken up on Monday next.
" May 24. The Parish collected, and took out all the inside of the house. 25. Prepared the old house to be removed. 26. The day of the annual Election. The Parish collected, and removed the house, under the direction of Capt. Rufus Thayer, with complete success, and no injury to the hands or the building. Divine providence visible.
"June 17. Began to raise the new Meeting-house, on the ground of the old. 19. The raising was completed to the top of the Belfry, without acci- dent or harm. The Spire was raised Aug. 11. The business on each day, except one, was begun and closed with prayer, at the frame. The omission on the 18th was occasioned by a shower. Closed the business of the last day by singing 132d Ps., L. M., Dr. Watts, and concluded with prayer. Hitherto the Lord hath helped us.
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