USA > Massachusetts > Hampden County > Springfield > Colonial justice in western Massachusetts, 1639-1702; the Pynchon court record, an original judges' diary of the administration of justice in the Springfield courts in the Massachusetts Bay Colony > Part 42
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Contempt of authority, 119-120
Contempt of court: improper argument,
120; failing to appear, 141, 142, 188, 189, 193, 337, 353; reaction to John Pyn- chon's desire to swear witnesses to com- plaint, 149; fine for, 189, 283-284; form of warrant, 190
Contempt of the ministry, 119
Contract, action for breach, 236, 238, 240, 244, 247, 279
Contracts, prenuptial. See Antenuptial agreements
"Convented": before authority, 140; term as synonymous with summoned, 143
Conversion of property: prosecution for fraud in, 116, 229-230; action for, 240, 254, 293, 300-301, 301-303, 340-341. See also Detention of property
Conviction, measure of proof necessary, 146-148
Cooke, Captain Aaron: issuance of com- mission of oyer and terminer to, 85; alternate commissioner, 92; juror, 253, 258; commissioner for Westfield, 276, 277; commissioned captain, 313
Cooke, Aaron, Jr .: freeman, 257; com- missioned captain, 313
Cooke, Captain, 92
Cooke, Moses, oath of fidelity, 269
Cooke, Noah, 291
Cooke, Westwood, 118, 356-357
Cooley (Cooly), Benjamin, 364-365; juror, 214, 216, 221, 230, 232, 243, 244; oath of fidelity, 217; liability for tres- pass, 220-221; agreement with appren- tice, 226-227; appraiser, 232; freeman, 375, 387
Cooley, Benjamin v. Webb, John, 18on, 239, 240-241
Cooley, Eliakim, freeman, 387
Cooley, Ensign, 287
Cooley, Joseph, freeman, 387
402
INDEX
Cooley, Joseph v. Kibbey, Edward, 167, 364-366
Cooley, Obadiah, 123, 274-275, 279, 323
Coolins, Daniel, 305-306
Cooly, Daniel, freeman, 377, 386
Cooly, Eliakim v. Hale, Thomas and John, 167, 366-367
Cooper, Thomas, 223, 224, 249; conversa- tion with Mary Parsons, 23n; selectman of Springfield, 125; juror, 214, 215, 216, 230, 232, 240, 243, 244, 248, 258; free- man, 215, 375; oath of fidelity, 217; liability for trespass, 220-221; deletion of name as juror, 222; appraiser, 232; reference of cause to, 239; military ranks, 239, 380; inquest juror, 246; witness to nuncupative will, 266; repair of bridge, 267; freeman, 375, 387; chosen deputy to the General Court of Election, 380
Cooper, Thomas v. Bliss, John, 236
Cooper, Thomas v. Lyman, John, 239
Cooper, Timothy, 17, 45n, 61, 276, 282; juror at inquest, 282-283
Cooper (Partrigg v.) , 371-372
Cooper (Pettey v.) , 321
Copley, Thomas v. Towsley, Michall, 303
Copley, administrator (Bul v.) , 361-362
Coply, Thomas, 303; oath of fidelity, 251 Cornish, Gabriell, 291
Cornish, James, 317
Cornish (Hodge v.) , 291
Cornish, of Woronoco, 116
Cornwall, James (alias George Fitting) , 299
Corporal punishment, jurisdiction to in- flict, 7on, 72. See also Whipping
Cost of imprisonment, 330
Costs of court: imposition of, 152, 184; statutory fee for entry of action as part of, 152n, 178n; payment of entry fee, 177; waiver of entry fee, 177n; award for failure to prosecute, 178n; in inter- charter period, 188-189; security for, 190; under the Second Charter, 195; for entry of action, divided on with- drawal, 254-255
Costs of witnesses. See Witnesses, payment for
Cotton, Reverend Mr., 27
Council, jurisdiction in civil and crimi- nal matters in intercharter period, 81- 82
Council for New England: judicial au- thority of members, 100
Council for the Safety of the People and Conservation of the Peace, 52
Councilors: as justices of the peace in in-
tercharter period, 80; commissioned as justices of the peace, 88
Counsel: representation by in interchar- ter period, 188-189; appearance by un- der the Second Charter, 194
Counties, fines to. See County courts;
Fines and penalties, to the county; and courts of specific counties
County Court at Boston, appeal to, 154
County Court at Cambridge, 4, 67, 389- 391
"County Court" at Springfield, 94-98
County Court for Essex, 69, 106, 113, 116, 117, 126, 131, 132, 138-139, 141, 143, 144, 147n, 148, 151, 152, 154, 157, 161, 164-165, 166, 176, 179, 183, 186
County Court for Hampshire: judicial status in of John Pynchon, 33, 34, 52, 101; authorization to conclude peace terms with Indians, 44; Elizur Holyoke as associate, 60; formal establishment, 69, 97, 99; witchcraft charges against Mary Parsons, 6gn; sessions at Spring- field, Northampton, and Hadley, 97; prosecution for fornication in, 104-106; offenders bound over to, 104-106, 108, 110-112, 114-116, 118, 151, 152-153; references to John Pynchon, 105, 109, 114, 119, 121, 138, 153; lascivious con- duct, charge of, 107n; burglary and grand larceny as handled by, 114; def- amation as criminal offense in, 117; contempt toward the ministry, 118-119; punishment for contempt of the Spring- field commissioners, 120; presentment in for neglecting public worship of God, 121; prosecution and fine for sell- ing liquor without a license, 121; vio- lations of regulatory laws, 121-123; cases involving sales to Indians of in- toxicating liquor without a license, 122; reference to commissioners, 124; con- current jurisdiction over minor offenses, 127; use of grand jury by, 127, 130; practice of, 13on, 138n, 141, 142n, 144, 145n, 147n, 154, 158; charge to tithing- men, 135-136; reference to magistrate of presentments, 137-138; summons as initial process, 141; failure to obey summons, 142n; use of juries in crimi- nal cases, 144; fine abatement referred to, 150-151; bound to prosecute at, 153-154; appeal to, 154, 185-186. See also Associates, choice of
County Court for Middlesex, 24n, 69, 144, 157. See also County Court at Cam- bridge
403
INDEX
County Court for Norfolk, 69, 117, 144, 157, 161, 166, 176
County Court for Suffolk, 69, 117, 126, 141, 144, 147n, 148, 156, 161, 163-164, 165, 176, 183. See also County Court at Boston
County Court for York, 69, 144, 157, 166 County courts: binding over of offenders to Court of Assistants, 68; appeal to Court of Assistants, 69; civil, criminal, and administrative jurisdiction, 69-71; concurrent jurisdiction with Court of Assistants, General Court, single mag- istrate, or two magistrates, a commis- sioner, or commissioners, 69-70; "any Court" as giving jurisdiction, 70; ap- pellate jurisdiction, 71; limitation on jurisdiction in favor of single magis- trate, 72; in the intercharter period, set- up and jurisdiction, 79; under the Sec- ond Charter, 83; comparison with Inferior Courts of Common Pleas and Courts of General or Quarter Sessions of the Peace, 88
County treasurer, John Pynchon, 34, 53, 251, 260; choice of, 376-386
Courser, John, 288
Court of Assistants held in England, Wil- liam Pynchon as attendant, 8
Court of Assistants (Great Quarter Court) : judicial status in plantation, 10; exercise of judicial function by Wil- liam Pynchon, 19; appeal to from Coun- ty Court, 67; binding over of offenders to, 68; concurrent jurisdiction with General Court, magistrates, or County Courts, 68; role in administration of justice in western Massachusetts, 68-69; original jurisdiction, and appellate ju- risdiction, 68-69; limitation on jurisdic- tion in favor of single magistrate, 72; prototype of Superior Court of Judica- ture, 88; jurisdiction over sexual of- fenses, 107; punishment of use of abu- sive language, 112-113; punishment by of abuse of the watch, 113; defamation as criminal offense in, 116-117; imposi- tion of fine for lending gun to Indians, 122n; guidance as to offenses not spe- cifically covered by specific laws and orders, 128; appeals to, 154; civil juris- diction, rule-making as to, 173; prece- dents as set by, 198
Court of Assize and General Gaol Deliv- ery under the Second Charter, 84
Court of General Sessions of the Peace for
Hampshire: and maintenance of house
of correction at Springfield, 34; John Pynchon head of, 52; offenders bound over to, 111, 151, 153; burglary or seri- ous theft, 114; causes transferred to, 118, 121, 137-138; causes referred to John Pynchon by, 119, 138; present- ment for refusing to listen when re- proved, 119-120; imposition of fines for selling liquor without a license, 121; appointments by, 133; bound to prose- cute at, 154; appeals to, 155-156
Court of Sessions: John Pynchon as judge of, 50; jurisdiction, 81 Courts: defined, gn
Courts of General Sessions of the Peace: under the Second Charter, 83-85; crimi- nal, regulatory, and administrative ju- risdiction, 86
Courts of Quarter Sessions of the Peace: under the Second Charter, 84; criminal, regulatory, and administrative juris- diction, 86. See also Courts of General Sessions of the Peace
Covenant, 160; action on the case for breach of, 164, 211; actions of, 168; to comply with order of settlement of es- tate, 233; action for breach, 246-247
Coventry, Secretary, 49
Coy, Corporal, 283
Coy, Richard, 269
Craft, Thomas, oath of fidelity, 278
Cragg, John, 287
Crane, Benjamin, 338
Criminal jurisdiction of Springfield courts, 103-128; sexual offenses, 103- 107; moral offenses other than sexual, 107-110; offenses against the peace, 110- 114; offenses against property, 114-116; defamation, 116-118; contempt of au- thority, 118-120; neglect of duty, 120- 121; violation of regulatory laws, 121- 123; offenses involving Indians, 123-124; violation of town orders, 124-126; church, the role of, 126-127
Criminal offenses, jurisdiction of single magistrate to punish, 72-75
Criminal procedure: accusatory devices, 129-139; initial process, 139-143; hear- ing or examination, 143-149; election as to jury trial, 144; sentence, 149-152; binding over, 153-154; appeal, 154-156; final proceedings, 156-158
Crofft, Thomas, 285
Croffts, Moses, 281
Cross, Samuell, 336, 362-363
Crow, Nathanell, oath of fidelity, 278
Crow, Samuel, oath of fidelity, 278
404
INDEX .
Crowfoote, John, 113, 119, 323-325
Crowfoote, Joseph, 267; freeman, 376
Crowfoote, Joseph v. Bagg, John, 171, 240, 243-244
Crowfoote, Joseph v. Brookes, William, 282 Crowfoote, Joseph, complaint against Thomson, Thomas, 267
Crowfoote, Mary, 107, 290
Crowfoote (Parsons v.) , 242
Cunliffe (Cunleife) , Henry, 263; com- missioner for Northampton, 97n; juror, 244, 254
Cunliffe, Susannah v. Pomery, Medad as executor, 263
Cunliffe (Hacklinton v.) , 171, 250, 254
Cunningham, Patrick, action for debts due estate of, 162, 318-320, 321-322. See Moore, James v. Lee, Walter; Moore, James v. Pomrey, Joseph
Cursing. See Swearing or cursing
Curtis, Elizabeth, administratrix, 261-262 Curtis, Henry, 261
Curtis, Nathaneell, 261
Curtis, Samuel, 261
Dalton, 31, 140, 141, 146, 147, 154, 157- 158
Damages: treble for theft, 115; allowance of, 124, 206, 207, 209, 211, 215, 216, 243-244, 247, 248, 255, 256, 260; recov- ery for loss of time, 343-344
Danforth, Thomas, 40
Daniel, servant to Thomas Merick, 231
Davenport, John, 49n
Davis, Captain Benjamin, 52, 387
Davis, Samuell, 276, 330
Davis, Captain William: married to Mar- garet Pynchon, 29; deputy to the Gen- eral Court, 379, 382, 383
Davis (Mirick v.), 330
Day, Thomas, 121, 283-284; constable of Springfield, 269; freeman, 375, 386
Day, Thomas v. Burk, Richard, 329
Day, Thomas, Jr., freeman, 387
Day (Miller v.) , 169, 309-310
Deane, Joseph, 115, 316
Debt, action of, 160-163, 206, 221, 231, 232, 239, 243-244, 248, 249, 252-254, 256-257, 259, 262, 263, 267-268, 290, 294, 295, 315, 316-317, 320-321, 325-326, 329-334, 337-339, 342-343, 345-347, 349, 353-355, 362, 363; six-person jury to try, 90; "Debt due by bil," 162, 282, 326, 329; "Debts due by booke," 162, 188, 222, 303-304, 321-322, 371-372; ef- fect of English practice, 162-163; plead- ing and proof, 163; cases sounding in
under the Second Charter, 194; due from estate, 299-300; for moneys due intestate, 361-362; confession of judg- ment, 372
Decedent's estates. See Executors, admin- istrators, and overseers of will
Declaration or complaint, summons as, 179 Dedham, 36n
Deeds, 116, 371; in escrow, 371 Deerfield (Pocumtuck) : establishment, 35; King Philip's War, 38-43; French and Indian Wars, 43, 44; John Pynchon and, 47; hostile Indian activity in 1690, 55; garrison at in 1691-92, 55-56; gar- rison at, 1692-93, 55-56; garrison in 1694, 57-58; regarrisoned, 58
Defamation (civil) . See Slander, action of Defamation (criminal offense) , 116-118; punishment of, 118; complainant, 130; examination in trial for, 145; award of damages, 170. See also Slander, as crimi- nal offense
Default, taking of judgment by against nonappearing defendant, 190, 193
Defendant, calling of, 178, 188, 193, 337, 383; failure to appear, 178, 178n, 188,
189, 190, 193, 290-291, 292, 337, 353 Demurrers, 179; to plea of title, 191-192
Dennison, Major General, 61
De Nonville, Governor of Canada, 51
Denton, Daniel, freeman, 376
Depositions: under First Charter, 148, 182; under Second Charter, 149; in in- tercharter period, 188
Deputy constable. See Constables
Deputy (General Court) , choice of, 376- 386
Deputy sheriff, service of process under the Second Charter, 192
Desecration of Sabbath. See Profanation of Sabbath
Detention of property, action for, 163- 165, 293, 294-295, 323, 333. See also Conversion
Determination of cause, ex parte in in- tercharter period, 188
Detinue, 160, 167-168, 331, 336-337, 344, 345; for prison keeper's fees, 330; for linen cloth, 344-345
Devonshire, County Court for, 69
Dewey, Adiya, 347
Dewey, Israell, 281
Dewey, Jedediah, oath of fidelity, 269; constable of Westfield, 279
Dewey, Ensign Josiah, 313, 320
Dewey, Josiah v. King, Fearenot, 320
405
INDEX
Dewey, Thomas, 314
Dewey, Thomas and Bancroft, Nathanell v. Sexton, James, 301
Dewey (Bul v.) , 361
Dewey (Waite v.), 337
Deynes, William v. Bagg, John, 171, 240 Dibbel (Dibble) (Bissal v.) , 352
Dibble (Howard v.) , 349-350
Dible, John, juror, 206, 209, 212, 214
Dible, John v. Johns, Morgan, 215
Dickenson, Azaria, oath of fidelity, 278
Dickenson, Goodman, Sr., 252
Dickenson, Hezekia, 335, 347; attorney, 350, 352, 361, 362
Dickenson, Hezekiah v. Temple, Abra- ham, 172, 355-356
Dickenson, John: freeman, 257; to prose- cute, 316
Dickenson, John, Jr., 284-286; oath of fi- delity, 278
Dickenson, Nathaneel, 251-252, 270; free- man, 252; juror, 259; repair of bridge, 267
Dickenson, Nehemiah, 285; oath of fi- delity, 278
Dickenson, Thomas, 284-286
Dilatory pleas, 179
Disallowance by King in Council, 85, 156 Discharge of debt, 328
Discharge by proclamation, 151
Discussion of that Great Point in Divin- ity, the Sufferings of Christ, A (Nor- ton) , 27n
Dismissal of charge against offenders, 151, 343
Disorderly conduct: distinguished from defamation, 238; punishment, 288-290, 323-325
Disorderly and disobedient child, pun- ishment of, 113-114
Disquieting of town, 316 Distraint, action for unlawful, 283
Distress, charge of theft arising out of property taken by, 115
Distress, warrant of: judicial review of by replevin, 169; for payment of judg- ment, 189
Disturbing the peace, 100. See also Breach of the peace
Dober, John, juror, 214
Doctrine of Life, or of Mans Redemption, The (Holyoke) , 6on Documents, profert and oyer of, 182 Dolbee, Deacon Nathanel, 37 Dolley, Garrett, 256
Dolley, Garrett v. Mountague, Richard, 254
Dorchester, William Pynchon at, 9
Dorchester, Anthony, 112, 222-223, 230, 298; oath of fidelity, 217; juror, 230, 232; freeman, 257, 375
Dorchester, James: juror, 322; freeman, 387
Dorchester, John, 269, 279, 298, 302; con-
stable of Springfield, 276; freeman, 387
Dorchester (Bliss v.) , 230
Dorchester (Ferry v.) , 301-303
Downing, 8n
Downing, John, 119, 288
Drake, Samuel G., 23-24
Driscoll (Driskill) , Florence, 299-300
Driskill (Driscoll) , Florence v. Morgan, Isack, 290
Driskill (Bliss v.) , 290
Drunkenness, 111, 287; punishments for, 113, 150, 249, 287, 290, 293, 323-325; fin- ing of Indians for, 262-263
Ducking stool, 150
Dudley, Hugh, 229; oath of fidelity, 217; indentured, 224
Dudley, Hugh v. Mirack, Thomas, 168, 246-247
Dudley, Governor Joseph, 17n, 18, 31, 49, 52, 65, 100-102, 159, 187
Dudley, Thomas, 8n, 18; compared with William Pynchon, 31
Dues of justice of the peace, 190
Dumbleton, John, 241, 317-318; oath of fidelity, 218; juror, 230, 244, 248, 254, 263; corporal, 266; freeman, 375, 386 Dumbleton, John, Jr., 276-277
Dunnidge, Benjamin, 276-277
Duty, neglect of as criminal offense, 120- 121 Dyer, Thomas, 323
Earle, John, 247; oath of fidelity, 217
Earle (Morgan v.) , 247 Eaton, 8n
Ecclesiastical laws, influence of, 198
Edwards, Alexander, 239, 260; antenuptial agreement, 172; constable, 176; marriage settlement, 213-214; juror, 214, 230, 243, 248; freeman, 215; oath of fidelity, 217
Edwards, Alexander v. Hacklinton, Fran- cis, 254
Edwards, Alexander v. Mericke, Thomas, 216
Edwards, Joseph, 276 Edwards, Samuell, 216
Edwards (Fellowes v.) , 259
Edwards (Hacklinton v.) , 171, 254 Ejectment, 160
406
INDEX
Election as to jury trial in criminal pro- ceeding, 144
Election of remedies, 187
Elgar (Partrig v.) , 372
Eliot, Rev. John, 9, 18, 220, 32, 60
Eliot, John, of Windsor, 46-47
Eliott, Jacob, Boston, deputy to the Gen- eral Court, 384
Elmer, Edward, 95, 96, 259; appointment as commissioner for Northampton, 94
Elmer, Edward v. Clark, William, 171, 244-245
Elmer, Edward v. Holton, William, 244
Elmer, Edward v. Holton, William and Bartlett, Robert, 170-171, 238
Elmer, Edward v. King, John, 264
Elmer, Edward, Wright, Samuell, Sr., Ed- wards, Alexander, and Stebbins, John v. Town of Northampton, 239
Elmer, John v. Holton, Goodwife, 118, 170, 238
Elmer (Clark v.) , 170-171, 244-245
Elmer (Clark v.) , 171, 244-245
Elmer (King v.) , 178n, 254
Elmer (Lee v.) , 239
Ely, Joseph, 293, 294; freeman, 387 Ely, Mary, 315
Ely, Nathaniel: refusal to purge himself, 146n; juror, 253, 263; reviling of the minister by, 273-274; freeman, 375
Ely, Nathaniel v. Leonard, Joseph, 268 Ely, Samuell, 247, 296, 297; admonished, 122-123; freeman, 376, 386; chosen to carry votes to shire meeting, 385, 386
Ely, Samuel v. Norton, John, 167, 315
Ely (Hacklinton v.) , 171, 247
Ely (Vigors v.) , 303-304
Embezzlement, 126
Empson, Sir Richard, 6, 29n
Endecott, John, 8n, 31, 37n
Enfield: establishment, 35-36; complaints against Windsor inhabitants, 53, 115, 312-313
Enfield Falls (Warehouse Point) , 13
England, laws of: differences from prac- tice in, 19-20, 137, 154, 162-163, 164, 165, 167, 168, 173, 179; influence of, 118, 128, 131, 141, 145, 146, 151, 157- 158, 164, 170, 177, 196, 198
Entry of action: payment of fee, 177, 242; fee as costs, 178n, 247, 248, 249, 254, 255, 256, 257, 260, 290-291
Escrow, deed in, 371
Essex County Court. See County Court for Essex
Everit, Richard, 206
Evidence: two witnesses needed to con-
vict, 147; presumption of innocence, 147; standards of proof, 147-148; ac- count books of deceased creditor admit- ted as evidence of debt due decendent, 162; sufficiency in civil actions, 183; un- der the Second Charter, 194
Ex parte determination of cause, 178-179 Examination in criminal proceedings, 139; nature and procedure, 145-149
Exceptions, bill of, 186
Excommunication, 126
Execution: form and signing of warrants for, 151, 185, 190; grant of upon judg- ment, 185, 264-265, 295, 347, 351; service of, in intercharter period, 187; writ of, in intercharter period, 189; levy for pay- ment of judgment, 189; issuance of un- der the Second Charter, 194-195; body execution and imprisonment for slan- der, 208
Executors, administrators, and overseers of will, 212, 233, 241-242, 263, 265-266, 267-268; estate of Nathaniel Bliss, 233- 234
Exell (Mirack v.) , 231-232
Exemptions: from military service, 71n, 250, 255; from execution, 185; from watching and warding, 250
Exile, Richard, 219; oath of fidelity, 217 Extradition, example of informal, 123
Failure to prosecute, costs of defendant in attendance on court awarded to him, 250
False evidence. See Perjury
Fard, Thomas, 265-266
Feild, John, 288
Feild, Zachary, 249; oath of fidelity, 251; freeman, 257
Fellowes, Richard, 245; appraiser, 241- 242; oath of fidelity, 251, 260
Fellowes, Richard v. Edwards, Alexander, 259, 260
Followes, Richard v. Leonard, John, 254- 255 Fellowes, Richard v. Messenger, Edward, 239 Fellowes, Richard v. Varlette, Judith, 171, 259, 260
Fellowes, Richard v. Warrinar, William, 256
Fellowes (Ashley v.) , 242
Fellowes (Leonard v.) , 254-255
Fellowes (Varlette v.) , 259, 260, 263-264
Fellows, Joseph, 120n
Fellows, Samuell, 119, 122, 270-272
Felonies, 114, 127, 130
407
INDEX
Felton, Mr., 299
Fence viewers, neglect of duty by, 126, 309 Fenwick, George, 17n
Ferry, Charles (Charls) , 247, 252, 300, 332; juror, 322; freeman, 376, 386
Ferry, Charles v. Dorchester, John, 301- 303
Ferry, Charls, Sr. v. Bliss, Samuell, Sr., 342-343
Ferry, Charls, Jr., freeman, 387
Ferry, John, 358-360
Ferry (Knowlton v.) , 172, 179n, 311-312
Ferry (Morgan v.) , 279, 300
Fidelity: taking of oath, 217, 218, 251, 269, 278; oath of, 218
Field, Zachariah, freeman, 257
File papers, 5, 140
Filthy and unchaste behavior as offense, 104
Final proceedings in criminal case, 156 Fines and penalties: abatement of, 67,
150-151, 272, 286-287, 370-371; ju- risdiction of justices of the peace to levy, 87-88; refusal to accept public of- fice, 88; harboring runaway servant, 120-121; refusal to watch or ward, 120- 121, 230, 323; selling liquor without a license, 121; illegal trading with In- dians, 122, 260; taking up residence contrary to town order, 126; as punish- ment, 150; contempt, 189, 270-272, 283- 284; for witness' failure to appear, 194; swearing, 210, 255, 315; constable for be- ing late, 211; taking tobacco in open, 219; redemption of whipping by, 223, 231; sale of liquor to Indians, 235; breach of peace, 243, 294, 315, 351-352; to the county, 248, 249, 252, 261, 281- 282, 294, 323-325; lascivious behavior, 248, 290; drunkenness, 249, 281-282, 290, 293, 310-311, 323-325; profanation of Sabbath, 252, 348-349; card playing, 258, 288-290; lying, 258, 346; immodest act- ing, 276-277; refusal to go post, 277; abuse of watch, 280; neglect of public service, 283-284, 309; disorderly con- duct, 288-290; pound breach, 291-292; assault, 294, 298; theft, 328, 348-349; to the King, 350-351; slander, 356-357; division with informer, 370, 374
Fire, carrying uncovered out of doors, 126, 229 First Charter: scire facias proceeding against, 48; loss of, 49; judicial system under, 65-79; procedure in civil actions, 174-187. See also specific courts, magis- trates, and commissioners
Fitch, Joseph, 243
Fitting, George, alias James Cornwall, 299 Five Nations: King Philip's War, 43; con-
ferences with, 54; treaty with, 57
Fletcher, Governor, 56, 57, 86
Foords, James, 321
Foote (Parsons v.) , 295
Forms of action, 160-170
Fornication, prosecution and measure of punishment, 103-106, 209, 289-290
Fort Orange, 45
Fortescue, Sir John, Treatise of Rights,
15; Pynchon's familiarity with, 31; On the Laws of England, 138
Foster, Edmund, alias Edward, 225, 257, 387
Foster, Edward, 258, 311; oath of fidelity, 217; freeman, 387
Fowler, Ambrose, 301; oath of fidelity, 269 Frary, Eleazir, 115
Fraud: commitment to custody for, 229- 230; action for, 259
Freemen: meetings of, 34, 245, 257, 376,
377, 378, 379-387; sworn to be, 181, 215,
252, 257, 375-377, 386-387; oath of, 216 French, alliance with Indians, 43
French and Indians Wars from 1690 on, 54-58
French marauders, 37
Freshwater Brook, 364-368; establishment of Enfield, 35-36
Froe (From), David v. King, James, 348 From, David, and wife, 309
Frontier, influence of, 157
Frost, Samuell, 361
Frost (Hitchcock v.) , 362
Fullar (Archer v.) , 168n
Fuller, James, 69n
Furs and fur trade: activities of John Pynchon, 44-46; types of fur shipped, 44n; effect of decline, 48
Further Discussion of That Great Point in Divinity the Sufferings of Christ, A, 30
Fyler, George, oath of fidelity, 269
Fyler, Walter v. Browne, Nathaniell, 222 Fyler, Lieutenant Walter v. Leanord, Jo- seph, 290-291, 296, 297
Gag, as punishment, 150
Gambling, constable's power in regard to, 132 Games at house of common entertain- ment as offense, 109
Gardner, Mr., 321
Gardner, John, oath of fidelity, 278
Gardner, Samuel, Jr., oath of fidelity, 278
408
INDEX
Gardner, Samuell, freeman, 252
Gaugers to view casks, jurisdiction to ap- point, 7on
Gaylard, William, oath of fidelity, 278
General Court: William Pynchon as at- tendant, 8; William Pynchon as assist- ant, 19, 33; witchcraft trials by, 22-25; dedication to of Norton's answer to Pynchon's book, 27; commission to John Pynchon to enter into treaty with Mo- hawks, 44; effort to extend fur trade, 45-46; grants of land to John Pynchon, 47; appointment of Pynchon, Holyoke, and Chapin as commissioners for Springfield, 60; commission of Elizur Holyoke for settlement and pacification of western frontier, 61; petition to by Elizur Holyoke, 62n; personnel and ju- risdiction, original and appellate, civil and criminal, 65-67; censure of William Pynchon, 67; grant of bill of review, 67; grant of appeal from County Court to Court of Assistants, 67; summons to re- calcitrant to appear, 67; remission or abatement of fines, 67; action with re- spect to Robert Bartlett, 67; limitation of jurisdiction of Court of Assistants, 68; Commission of 1641, 91-92; Com- mission of 1643, 92-93; commissions to Pynchon, Holyoke, and Chapin, 92-93; Henry Smith commission, 93; commis- sion for Springfield and Northampton, 94-95, 237; 1659 commission, 96; au- thorization of house of correction for Springfield, 97-98; 1661 commission, 98; establishment of Hampshire as county, 98; laws and orders as basis of law en- forcement, 127-128; forms of action, laws relating to, 173; laws and orders as governing administration of justice in western Massachusetts, 198-200
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