Genealogical and personal memoirs relating to the families of the state of Massachusetts, Volume I, Part 118

Author: Cutter, William Richard, 1847-1918, ed; Adams, William Frederick, 1848-
Publication date: 1910
Publisher: New York, Lewis historical publishing company
Number of Pages: 924


USA > Massachusetts > Genealogical and personal memoirs relating to the families of the state of Massachusetts, Volume I > Part 118


Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).


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scene. Dr. Ripley, of Concord, says, "As the enemy passed the road from Bedford, they met a body of minute-men, commanded by Major John Brooks. A little below Bedford road there was a sharp action, and several of the British were killed." Rev. Mr. Foster, of Reading, a member of Governor Brooks's com- pany, who wrote a circumstantial account of what he witnessed, said of the beginning of the fight: "The enemy faced about suddenly and fired a volley of musketry upon us. They overshot. The fire was immediately returned, and two Britsh soldiers fell dead in the road near the brook." This event in the fray was followed by some sharp fighting in the Lincoln woods, where by the peculiarity of the turns in the road through which the British were obliged to pass, they were hemmed together in places and subjected to cross fires from men ensconced behind stone walls and large trees by the way- side. In forcing their way through this defile, the British came into close encounter with the Americans, and a number on both sides of the contending forces were killed. It was here that young Brooks performed that service for his country, which afterwards commended him to promotion and distinction in the army." And there is no doubt that his abilities in this direc- tion were great. These were not alone shown for the long period of the revolutionary war, but afterwards in the insurrection in Massa- chusetts known as the Shays Rebellion, and the War with England of 1812.


At the beginning of the revolution his rank was that of major in Colonel Ebenezer Bridges's regiment of minute-men-the new regiment we have already mentioned, which marched April 19, 1775. and credited with a service of four days. Major Brooks engaged himself to serve in this regiment from April 24. 1775. to August 1. 1775. or a period of three months and fifteen days. He was detailed while in this regiment as field officer of the picket guard, May 8, 1775. also for the main and picket guards at Cam- bridge from May 12 to May 31, 1775. and again for the picket guard June 8. 1775. His commission in same regiment was dated May 27. 1775. His residence is given as Reading and also Medford. On the night of June 16, 1775. he volunteered to assist in intrenching Bunker Hill, and in watching the enemy, and on the morning of the 17th he was sent by Col- onel Prescott to General Ward at Cambridge for reinforcement. Being obliged to perform this duty on foot, he could take no active part in the engagement.


On January 1, 1776. Congress appointed him


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major of Webb's Nineteenth regiment. His regiment was present at the siege of Boston, in the retreat from Long Island, and in the battle of White Plains. Major Brooks remained with the regiment until its term of enlistment had expired.


From Janary I, 1777, to December 31, 1779, he served in the Continental army as lieutenant- colonel commandant and as lieutenant-colonel in Colonel Michael Jackson's Eighth regiment. He also served as lieutenant-colonel command- ant of Seventh regiment, commissioned No- vember 11, 1778, and he held the same office and position as regimental commander during the year 1780, and also as acting colonel of the Seventh regiment, January 26. to May 25, 1781. He was reported on command at Boston about June 1, 1781. At that time his duties appear to be divided between two places, Boston and Peekskill. He was at this period reported as in command at West Point, and also as com- manding the brigade. 1781. The war had prac- tically ended with the surrender of Cornwallis in that year, but troops were still retained in active service. Colonel Brooks was on furlough in Massachusetts from January 5, 1782, by leave of his general officers. During the last year men- tioned he was reported as attending court- martial in garrison, and from September I, 1782, he was reported on furlough in Massa- chusetts by leave of General Washington. He was stationed at different places on the Hud- son river and its neighborhood during 1782 and 1783. He reported at Philadelphia by leave of General Washington in 1783, and ended his ser- vices about June 13, 1783, when the war was finally ended.


In the battle of Saratoga, September 19. 1777. Lieutenant-Colonel Brooks occupied the extreme left of the American line, and was en- gaged with the German troops. On the 7th of October. 1777, his regiment turned the right of the enemy's encampment, and stormed the re- doubt occupied by the Germans. His regiment remained masters of the field. He led the charge to the top of the intrenchments. He was also at Valley Forge. He was present at the battle of Monmouth. He was employed as an in- spector (drill-master ) under Steuben, in the field of military tactics. He was the friend and upholder of Washington at a most anxious moment in the affairs of the army. He retired in poverty from the service, and resumed his medical profession at Medford.


In battle his manner of attack was not a mere feint. but a direct attack in force ; witness his conduct at Merriam's Corner, at White


Plains, and at Saratoga. His bravery was un- questioned. At Saratoga, at the second battle of the action of Bemis Heights, October 7, 1777, his conduct is thus described by an eye witness : "When the Colonel saw that the deci- sive moment had come, he lifted his sword in the air, and cried, 'Follow your Colonel at double quick!' He immediately led the way to the top of the intrenchments, crying. 'Come on, come on!' They did come on; and a most bloody and violent conflict ensued, in which they decided the fate of the day."


A letter of Governor Brooks from Valley Forge, Pennsylvania, dated January 5, 1778, states the precise reason why the British had been victorious in that region, namely their superiority in numbers. He also describes in feeling terms the sufferings endured at Valley Forge by the private soldiers during their can- tonment. He is severe on the lack of public spirit displayed by the inhabitants of the middle states. (See Massachusetts Historical Society Proceedings, xiii : 243).


He entered, says his biographer, on the duties of a soldier with ardor, and devoted all the power of his mind to the cause of his country, and the profession of arms. His gentlemanly deportment and unassuming manners secured the favor of his superiors in office, and ren- dered him the delight of his equals and infer- iors. His skill as a tactician was marked. After Bunker Hill battle, the advantages of superior discipline as shown on the part of the enemy were apparent to every one. These advantages made a strong impression on the American officers, and especially on the mind of Governor Brooks. He had showed early in his life his talent as a drill-master, and his knowledge of tactics while in the regular army was acknowl- edged to be superior to that of his fellow officers. The corps he commanded was excel- lent as to discipline, drill, steadiness, and for its skillful movements, either in advance or in retreat. Some have gone so far as to say that his knowledge was second only to that of the celebrated Baron Steuben, a German officer en- gaged in reforming the American army. For this reason he was associated with that officer as an inspector-general in performing the diffi- cult task of introducing a uniform system of exercise and manoeuvres into the army.


He was a major-general of militia in 1786. He was nominated a brigadier-general to serve in the provisional army raised in 1798, on prospect of war with France, but declined the position. During the war of 1812 he was ad- jutant-general of the state. We quote his bio-


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grapher in relation to the value of these later military services. Dr. Dixwell says: "He was for many years major-general of the militia of his country, and established in his division such excellent discipline, and infused into it such an admirable spirit of emulation, that it was a most brilliant example for the militia of this state. In the insurrection of 1786 his division was very efficient in their protection of the courts of justice, and in their support of the government of the state. At this time Gov- ernor Brooks represented his town in general court, and he gave support to the firm and judicious measures of Governor Bowdoin for suppressing that alarming rebellion. He was appointed by the acute and discriminating Gov- ernor Strong as his adjutant-general, in that perilous crisis of our affairs, the later war with England, ( 1812-1814). The prudence and dis- cretion with which he discharged this arduous duty will be long remembered by his grateful countrymen.'


He was frequently chosen a representative, was a member of the constitutional convention of 1788, several years a senator and a member of the executive council of the state, United States marshal, 1791-1796, inspector of rev- enue, 1796, and during the war of 1812 adju- tant-general, and seven years from 1816 to 1823, governor of Massachusetts.


He was admirably fitted to allay party ani- mosities. Among his merits it is said that he maintained the dignity of the office, received distinguished strangers properly, being bred in the best school of manners-that of the high- minded and accomplished officers of the army ; and that in deportment he was grave and dig- nified like Washington, but warm and affec- tionate. His amiable character and attractive manners made friends for him everywhere. The kindly affections of his heart increased his acceptance with the people as a popular physician. His practice was not only general in his own town, but was greatly extended to other towns. The parents of the writer of this sketch ( not dwellers in Medford) were assist- ed on their entrance into this world, 1803 and 1805, by his skillful hand. Judge then of his sacrifice on entering the army of his country, as a field officer of infantry, and the loss for nearly seven years thereby of a growing and profitable medical practice !


It is said that, when he left the army and re- turned to his home, he found himself so poor that at first he opened a small shop, but with out success.


It is said that in his boyhood he formed an


intimancy with the celebrated Count Rumford, with whom he kept up a correspondence until the death of the Count. The authority for this statement is unknown to the present writer. Count Rumford as a boy was known as Ben- jamin Thompson, of Woburn, a highly intel- lectual man, distinguished in the higher pursuits of science, and a military man, who served on the British side at the close of the American. revolution, and later in one of the states of the European continent.


It is said that as a church-goer the Governor's influence was a powerful example to the people of his town. Late in life he declared his public belief in the authority of the scriptures. In 1820, on the division between the two leading sects of his neighborhood, he took side with the Unitarians, but never liked the extremes of either. It is said of him, "He lived as he pro- fessed." When General Lafayette came to Massachusetts in 1824, he dined with his friend and fellow officer, then living in retirement at Medford. The citizens gave the guest a general welcome. The dinner at the Governor's house was a private one, and about twenty were pres- ent. Governor Brooks departed this life on March 1. 1825, aged seventy-three, and in 1838 his friends erected a granite pyramid to his memory in the old burying-ground of the town.


The judgment of his contemporaries is con- firmed by those best able to decide on his medi- cal abilities, as follows: "As a physician he ranked in the first class of practitioners. His manners were dignified, courteous and benign. His kind offices were peculiarly acceptable from the felicitous manner in which he per- formed them. He was accurate in his investi- gations and clear in his discernment. He pre- ferred erring on the side of prudence rather than on that of rashness. He watched the operations of nature, and never interfered un- less it was obvious he could aid and support her." Another cause of his fellow-citizens' appreciation of him is expressed in the sen- tence of Dr. Dixwell: "He soared above the sordid consideration of the property he shoul 1 His accumulate by his professional labors. countrymen who have ever been distinguished for the acuteness of their discernment in judg- ing of public men and measures, were always ready to display their confidence in him."


Henry Baldwin, the immi- BALDWIN grant ancestor, probably from Devonshire, in England, was one of the first settlers of the new town of


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Woburn, and of that part of it which is now known as North Woburn. Here in 1661 he built the "palatial house which is still one of the most imposing in the town, and which, though with some changes and occasional im- provements," has been owned and occupied by his descendants for six generations. The house is the oldest dwelling in Woburn. The estate connected with it and its owner, Colonel Loammi Baldwin, contained in 1801 the large number of 212 acres, valued at $9,000 by the town assessors at that time. A late owner, George R. Baldwin, son of Colonel Baldwin, is succeeded by his daughter, Mrs. Griffith. In 1820 the house was in looks much the same as now. The north chimney, put up by George R. Baldwin, was reputed to be the first "single flue" chimney made in the country. He de- signed the chimney caps and built a small addi- tion to the rear of the house. On the south, between the house and the canal, was formerly a beautiful garden, with walks and trees, super- ior to anything of the kind then in this section. All traces of its appointments having long since disappeared, "neither fountain, nor arbor, nor walk, nor boat, is there now to hint at the story of the past." In 1832 George R. Baldwin occu- pied the mansion house. Attached to the estate in 1820 was a farm house which, doubled in size, still exists as an attachment to the larger place.


Henry Baldwin was a sergeant of the Wo- burn militia from 1672-85, and deacon of the First Church, Woburn, from 1686 until his cleath.


Henry Baldwin died February 14, 1697-98; married, November 1, 1649, Phebe, baptized in Boston, June 3. 1632, died September 13, 1716, eldest daughter of Ezekiel and Susanna Richardson. Children: 1. Susanna, born Au- gust 30, 1650; died September 28, 1651. 2. Susanna, born July 25, 1652, died March 7, 1694; married Israel Walker (Samuel I), as his second wife. 3. Phebe, born September 7, 1654, died October 20, 1679, aged twenty-five ; married. November 7, 1676, Samuel Richard- son (Samuel I), as his third wife. 4. John, born October 28, 1656. 5. Daniel, born March 15, 1659-60: see forward. 6. Timothy, born May 27, 1661 ; see forward. 7. Mary, born July 19, 1663; died January 8, 1663-64. 8. Henry, born November 15, 1664; see forward. 9. Abigail, born August 20, 1667, died Decem- ber 25, 1769 ;* married, December 4, 1705, John Reed (Ralph 2, William I), as his second


wife. 10. Ruth, born July 31, 1670; unmar- ried and alive at the date of her father's will. II. Benjamin, born January 20, 1672-73; see forward. Henry Baldwin the father, in will allowed April 4, 1698, names his wife Phebe ; sons Henry, Daniel, Timothy and Benjamin ; his son Israel Walker, husband of his daughter Susanna, and his grandson Israel Walker ; his son Samuel Richardson, husband of his daugh- ter Phebe, and his grandson, Zachariah Rich- ardson, son of Phebe : also his two daughters then single, Abigail and Ruth Baldwin.


(II) Daniel Baldwin, son of Henry, born March 15, 1659-60; died January 24, 1718- 19 : married, January 6, 1684-85, Hannah, born October 22, 1667, died September 28, 1736, daughter of Josiah Richardson (Samuel I) and Hannah (Green) Richardson. Children : I. Hannah, born August 21, 1686. 2. Phebe, born May 13, 1690; died March 10, 1706- 07. 3. Henry, born March 15, 1692-93; died March 12 (sic). 1692-93. 4. Joseph, born March 15, 1692-93 ; died March 12 (sic), 1692- 93. 5. Susanna, born March 31, 1694, died before 1746; married, December 15, 1712, Ben- jamin Walker, of Billerica (Joseph 2, Samuel I). 6. Daniel, born December 16, 1695 ; killed by the Indians in battle near Dunstable, New Hampshire, September 5, 1724. 7. Dorcas, born October 18, 1697 ; died March 7, 1697-98. 8. Joseph, born March 17, 1698-99; died Feb- ruary 3, 1744-45 ; married, July 4, 1733, Ruth Centre, of Charlestown. She died December 15, 1733. 9. Dorcas, born August 11, 1701. 10. John, born August 28, 1703; married, Decem- ber 8, 1726, Sarah Lawrence, of Watertown. II. Rebecca, born December 19, 1705; died March 10, 1735-36. 12. Benjamin, born March 30, 1707. 13. Phebe, born December 28, 1708; married, October 29, 1735, John Hamblet, of Nottingham.


In the case of John Seers versus Lieutenant John Wyman, before the council in 1676, Dan- iel Baldwin, aged seventeen years, testified about the impressment of two horses, and that while pressing a horse belonging to John Wy- man, who resisted the constable, said Wyman "suffered his negro servant to beat me with a great stick, and reproved him not." In the same case, on the testimony of several wit- nesses, Daniel Baldwin is called "grandchild to John Seers," and came with him to Lieuten- ant Wyman's garrison. The witnesses say Daniel Baldwin abused James Carringbone, negro servant of said Wyman, "both in words and deeds," calling him "Black Roag," and struck him with his gun across his back, and


*The statement is here advanced that the broken stone 5th, 1766, (sic) (203 of the printed inscriptions in the First Yard) is her's .- Editor.


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said he would "shute" him. Seers stated that Baldwin was a "solger" who came to Wy- man's with him, and that one of Wyman's household struck said Baldwin with a "great stick." The particulars of this interesting case are published in "Woburn Men in the Indian and Other Wars," pp. 11-14 (editions of 1897 and 1903).


( II) Timothy Baldwin, son of Henry, born at Woburn. May 27, 1661 ; died in Stone- ham, March 11, 1733-34; married first, June 2, 1687, Elizabeth, born July 28, 1661, died Janu- ary 26, 1703-04. daughter of Ralph (Ralph I ) and Martha (Toothaker) Hill, of Billerica ; married second. July 9, 1706, Elizabeth, daugh- ter of Lazarus and Ruth ( Adams) Grover, of Malden. She returned to Malden ( her will, May 13, 1752, lodged November 8, 1756, was probated in 1760). Children : I. Elizabeth, born May 29, 1688; died April 4, 1691. 2. Timothy, born November 20, 1689; see for- ward. 3. Ralph, born June 28, 1691 ; probably died before 1718. 4. Hannah, born September 6, 1692, died September 6, 1692. 5. Elizabeth, born June 21, 1695, in Charlestown or Stone- ham. His will names wife, son Timothy and daughter Elizabeth, and grandchildren Ralph and Hannah, children of Timothy, Jr., and Hannah ( Richardson ) Baldwin.


( III) Timothy (2) Baldwin, son of Timothy ( I ), born in Woburn, November 20, 1689 ; died December 3. 1750, aged sixty-one (gravestone at Stoneham) ; married, June 10, 1713, Han- nah, born May 6, 1689, died after 1766, daugh- ter of Nathaniel ( Thomas I) and Mary ( -- ) Richardson. His wife married second, about April, 1752, John Vinton, and removed to Dud- ley; after his death in 1760 she returned to Stoncham, where she was living in 1766. In November. 1763. she was living with her grand- son Timothy, son of Joseph and Elizabeth ( Baldwin ) Matthews. ("Vinton Memorial," D. 378). Children : 1. Ralph, born March 6. 1714. died May 1, 1731. 2. Hannah, born Sep- tember 4. 1715; married. February 19, 1734, Joseph Vinton. 3. Elizabeth, born November 9. 1717, died November 25, 1717. 4. Elizabeth, born April 9. 1723; married, November 10. 1741, Joseph Matthews. 5. Timothy, born June 23. 1727, died February 19, 1727-28. 6. Timothy, born May 19. 1729, died April 1. 1742.


The younger Timothy Baldwin is styled "Ensign" on his gravestone, 1750. This office has its equivalent in the modern second lieu- tenant. Ilis will dated November 7, 1750. mention- wife Hannah, and his daughters Han-


nah Vinton and Elizabeth Matthews. He also mentions a legacy given to his honored mother- in-law ( stepmother ) by his honored father. His father's will was dated July 12, 1718. Eliz- abeth, his daughter, is mentioned in it as mar- ried at that date, but to whom does not appear. Agreements were made respecting the father's estate in 1734 and 1741. To Elizabeth, his wife, the father granted the use of a room in the east end of his house, and she released to the son her right to a room in the house, 1734. Her will devised to grandchildren Matthews and to Samuel Grover.


(II) Henry (2) Baldwin, son of Henry (I), born in Woburn, November 15, 1664 : died July 7, 1739 ; married, May 4, 1692, Abigail, born February 1, 1674, died January -, 1771, aged ninety-six or ninety-seven, daughter of David and Seaborn ( Wilson) Fiske, first of Woburn and latterly of Lexington. Henry had all hous- ing of his father, per will, after his mother Phebe had deceased, and all lands after his father's decease. Children: I. Henry, born January 12, 1692-93; see forward. 2. David, born April 9, 1696; see forward. 3. Isaac, born February 20, 1699-1700 ; see forward. 4. Abigail, born February 13, 1701-02, died Sep- tember 4, 1704. 5. James, born July II, 1705, died June 12, 1709. 6. Abigail, born Novem- ber 19. 1707, died before 1751 ; married John Converse, and removed to Leicester. 7. James, born October 19, 1710; see forward. 8. Sam- uel, born August 31, 1717 ; see forward. The last will of Henry Baldwin, dated January 9, 1732-33, presented by James Baldwin, left Au- gust 6, 1739. probated September 10, 1739, names wife Abigail; Henry Baldwin, eldest son ; sons David. Isaac, Samuel, and daughter Abigail Converse, and son James Baldwin, executor. He gave wife one-half part of house, northerly end, both upper and lower rooms, with the cellar under them; his son James had the other part. He confirmed cer- tain gifts. . He also gave his son James his saw- mill and his rights to said sawmill stream.


( II) Benjamin Baldwin, son of Henry (1), born January 20, 1672-73 : died April 28, 1736 : married Hannah -, died September 28, 1736. Children: 1. John, born --- , 1607. 2. Benjamin, born October 25. 1701. The statement, real or unfounded, has been made that Benjamin Baldwin resided at one time in Canterbury, Connecticut.


(I11) Henry (3) Baldwin, son of Henry ( 2), born in Woburn, January 12, 1692-93 ; died in Pelham, New Hampshire ; married, May 7, 1717. Mary, born January 10, 1694-95, died Octo-


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ber 25. 1798. aged 104, daughter of Joseph ( Joseph 2, Samuel I) and Mary ( Blodget ) Richardson. Children: 1. Henry, born Feb- ruary 27. 1717-18. 2. Nathan, born May 18, 1720. 3. Mary, born January 4, 1721-22. The following is a contemporary notice of Mrs. Baldwin's death.


"At Shrewsbury, Mrs. Mary Jones, aet. nearly 105 years. Her maiden name was Mary Richardson. She was born at Woburn, Janu- ary Ioth, O. S., 1694. Her first husband was Henry Baldwin, Esq., of Pelham, N. H., by whom she had three children, who lived to settle in the world, and left families. Her second husband was Colonel Jones, of Hopkin- ton, who died about the year 1772, since which time she remained a widow. She enjoyed a good degree of health, until within a few weeks of her death. The serenity of mind, and quiet- ness of temper, which she possessed to an un- common degree, doubtless contributed to her great age. Being early imprest with the im- portance of religion, the practice of it, ever appeared natural and easy. As she lived, so she died in the hope of a blessed immortality, and but a few hours before her death was able to express, with great propriety, her views and prospects of futurity."-Columbian Continel ( Boston ), November 3, 1798.


Captain Henry Baldwin died in Pelham, New Hampshire, 1754. The gravestone of his wife Mary at Shrewsbury reads: Mary, widow of Colonel John Jones, died October 23, 1798, in her 105th year.


Henry Baldwin, son of Henry (3), married Abigail Butler, of Pelham, New Hampshire. They settled in Shrewsbury, Massachusetts. Children : Mary, married Captain Elisha Ward, of Petersham ; also Henry, Nathan, Thaddeus, Eliphalet, Kezia, Abigail, Relief, Lucretia. Henry married second, Martha Abbott, widow of Ebenezer Abbott, and died November 17, 1789, aged seventy-two.


Nathan, son of Henry (3), lived in Wor- cester : married first Sarah Oakes, and second Lydia Oakes. Children, by first wife: Sarah, married Johnson ; Abigail. By second wife: Lydia, Mary.


Mary. daughter of Henry (3), married Rev. Abner Bayley, of Salem, New Hampshire. Children : Mary, married first William White, of Plaistow, and second Moses Webster, of Haverhill : Elizabeth, married Henry Little, of Salem, New Hampshire ; Lavinia, married Rev. William Kelley, of Warner, New Hampshire ("Vinton Memorial," 378).


(III ) Captain David Baldwin, son of Henry


(2), born at Woburn, April 9, 1696; died in Sudbury, June 23, 1770; married Abigail, born December 18, 1702, died June 12, 1767, daugh- ter of Hon. William and Elizabeth (Golding ) Jennison, of Sudbury. He was an innkeeper of Watertown, 1752-1757. Children: I. Will- iam, born November II, 1727. 2. Samuel, born August 27, 1731. 3. Lydia, born October 27, 1729, died July 8, 1732. 4. Abigail, born Au- gust 18, 1733. 5. Lydia, born October 5, 1735. 6. Elizabeth. 7. Mary, born September 8, 1742.




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