USA > Massachusetts > Suffolk County > Boston > History of Boston, the metropolis of Massachusetts, from its origin to the present period; with some account of the environs > Part 41
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384
HISTORY OF BOSTON.
from the members of the society, and on the 9th of February Mr. Barrett was ordained.
The Methodist society erected a house of worship at South Boston in the course of the year 1824. It was dedicated January 22, 1825. By the regulations of this denomination their clergymen are stationed in Boston, only for two succes- sive years : this arrangement has given to the societies here the labours of about 35 different clergymen in the course of thirty-five years.
The Trinitarian church in Hanover street was brought forward by members of the Old South, Park street and Union churches. The corner stone of their edifice was laid June 20, 1825, in the presence of numerous spectators. A church was organized July 18th, consisting of thirty-three mem- bers, part from each of the abovenamed churches. They were formally recognized by the name of Hanover Church at a publick meeting in Park street on the succeeding day. The walls of this building are of rough granite, 70 feet on the street by 71 in depth, and about 40 ft. high : tower 28 ft. square and about 68 high. The height of walls will be ac- counted for, when it is remarked that a basement story, 10 feet in the clear, will occupy the whole extent of the ground ; the front part being designed for the Missionary rooms of the American Board, and the rest for a spacious vestry. The meeting house in Sea. street is built on a similar plan, the low- er story being designed for tenants.
A new Unitarian meeting house is also in a state of forward- ness. It is to be built of stone, and is situated in Purchase street. The corner stone was laid, September 7th, 1825, with appropriate services, in the presence of about 300 persons. An account of the origin of this undertaking was read by Rev. ALEXANDER YOUNG. A fervent prayer was next offered by Rev. Dr. LOWELL .- The inscription on the silver plate to be deposited under the Stone, was read by Mr. YOUNG .- The Chairman of the Building Committee, JOHN COTTON, Esq. then deposited the box containing the plate, and other ar- ticles ; and the stone being duly laid, Rev. HENRY WARE Jr. delivered an impressive address commencing with these words, " Except the Lord build the House, they labour in vain, that build it."
There are also three other meetings regularly maintained at the present time ; one in Charter street by Trinitarian con- gregationalists ; one in Purchase street by Baptists : and the other by Methodists at the corner of Castle and Washington streets ; so that the present number of worshipping assemblies in the city is thirty-five.
.
TABLE
SHOWING
THE DATE OF THE DEDICATION OF CHURCHES,
AND OF THE
SETTLEMENT OF MINISTERS.
Meeting-houses.
Dedication.
Ministers.
Settlement:
1. New Brick.
Brick. Steeple.
May 10, 1721.
Henry Ware, Jun.
Jan. 1, 1817
2. Christ Church. Brick.
Steeple.
Dec. 29, 1723.
Asa Eaton,
Oct. 23, 1803
3. Old South.
Brick. Steeple.
Apr. 26, 1730.
B. B. Wisner,
Feb. 21, 1821
4. Trinity.
Wood. Plain.
Aug. 15, 1735.
J. S. J. Gardiner,
Apr. 12, 1792
5. 1. Universal.
Wood.
Plain.
1742.
S. Streeter, May 13, 1224
Oct. 20, 1782
7. 1. Baptist.
Wood.
Plain.
Dec. 22, 1771.
S James Freeman, F.W.P.Greenwood, Ang. 29, 1824 C. P. Grosvenor,
3. Brattle-street.
Brick.
Tower.
July 25, 1773.
9. 1. Methodist.
Wood.
Plain.
May 15, 1796.
J. N. Matfit,
Nov. 1, 1825
11. New North.
Brick.
Cupola.
May 2, 1804.
F. Parkınan,
Dec. 8, 1813
12. 2. Methodist.
Brick.
Plain.
Nov. 19, 1806.
Jos. A. Merrill,
1826
13. Lynde-street.
Brick.
Cupola.
Nov. 27, 1806.
Charles Lowell,
Jan. 1, 1806
14. African Baptist. Brick.
Plain.
Dee. 4, 1806.
Thomas Paul,
Dec. 4, 1806
15. 3. Baptist.
Brick.
Cupola.
Aug. 5, 1807.
Daniel Sharp,
April 29, 1812
16. Chauncy-place. Brick.
Cupola.
July 21, 1808.
N. L. Frothingham, Mar. 15, 1815
S W. E. Channing, ¿ E. S. Gannett, June 30, 1824
18. Park-street.
Brick.
Steeple.
Jan. 10, 1810.
Edward Beecher,
Dec. 27, 1'826
19. 2. Baptist.
Brick.
Tower.
Jan. 1, 1811.
James D. Knowles,
Dec. 28, 1825
20. Hollis-street.
Brick.
Steeple. Jan. 31, 1811.
John Pierpont,
Apr. 14, 1819
21. New South.
Stone.
Steeple.
Dec. 29, 1814.
Alex. Young, Jun.
Jan. 19, 1825
22. 2. Universal.
Brick.
Plain.
Oct. 16, 1817.
Hosea Ballou,
Dec. 25, 1817
23. St. Matthew's.
Brick.
Cupola.
June 24, 1818. 1819.
J. L. Blake,
June, 1824
24 2. Roman C.
Brick.
Gothic.
Patrick Byrne,
Mar. 27, 1823
26. St. Paul's.
Stone.
Plain.
June 30, 1820.
Alonzo Potter,
Aug. 29, 1826
27. Butolph-street.
Brick.
Plain.
July 5, 1821.
28. 3. Universal.
Brick.
2 Cupolas.
May 7, 1823.
Paul Dean,
May 7, 1823
30. 1. African Meth. Brick.
Plain.
Oct. 21, 1824.
Samuel Snowden,
1818
31. S. Boston Meth. Brick.
Plain.
Jan. 22, 1825.
32. S. Boston Cong. Brick.
Cupola.
Mar. 9, 1825.
Joy II. Fairchild,
Nov. 22, 1827
33. Sea-street.
Brick.
Plain.
Dec. 29, 1825.
34. HanoverChurch. Stone.
Tower.
Mar. 1, 1826.
Lyman Beecher,
Mar. 22, 1826
35. Purchase-street. Stone.
Cupola.
. Aug. 24, 1826.
George Ripley,
Nov. 8, 1826
36. Green-street. Brick.
Cupola.
Nov. 1, 1826.
William Jenks,
Nov. 1, 1826
37. 4. Baptist. Brick. 38. South Trinitarian. Brick.
Cupola. Cupola.
July 18, 1827.
Howard Malcom,
39. Presbyterian. Brick.
Cupola.
James Sabine,
Nov. 26, 1823
40. Salem Church. Brick.
Cupola.
Justin Edwards,
41. South Unitarian. Brick. 42 2. African Meth. Wood.
Cupola.
James Lee,
Mar. 18. 1826
10. 1. Catholic.
Brick.
Cupola.
Sept. 29, 1803.
Benedict Fenwick,
June 1, 1803
25. Essex-street.
Brick.
Steeple.
Dec. 15, 1819.
S. Green,
23. Chamber-street. Brick.
Plain.
Oct. 13, 1824.
Samuel Barrett,
Feb. 9, 1825
17. Federal-street. Brick.
Steeple.
Nov. 23, 1809.
J. G. Palfrey, June 17, 1818 1827
Jan. 24, 1827
6. King's Chapel. Stone.
Tower.
Ang. 21, 1754.
50
380
HISTORY OF BOSTON.
CHAPTER LXVI.
". Lo ! vales that teem with fruits, romantic hills, (Oh ! and these hills uphold a freeborn race,) Whereon to gaze, the eye with joyaunce fills."
WE include in our map of Boston and its environs, some part of each of the towns of Dorchester, Roxbury, Brookline, Brighton, Cambridge, Watertown, Charlestown, and Chelsea.
DORCHESTER is a very pleasant town about 4 1-2 miles south from Boston, measuring from the centre of each town. At present it contains about 8000 acres, including Thompson's Island and Moon Island. The soil is generally rich and high- ly cultivated. The roads are numerous and crooked, but mostly level and kept in good repair. Many fine country seats and substantial farm-houses are thickly arranged on their sides. The population amounts to 3684. They have a town house, 3 congregational meeting houses, and one for methodists. Savin Hill in this town is a place of considerable resort, and the peninsula of Squantum is famous for its yearly Feast of Shells.
ROXBURY, adjoining Dorchester on the west, has a popula- tion of 4135. The portion of the town next to Boston is thickly settled and forms a handsome village. Here are three meeting houses, within a few rods of each other. There are two other churches in different parts of the town. The west part of the town, Jamaica plains, is a delightful spot, ornament- ed with elegant country seats and well cultivated gardens. The pond which supplies the Boston aqueduct lies in that quarter .*
BROOKLINE, next to Roxbury on the west, was formerly considered part of Boston. This town contains about 4400 acres of land. Several gentlemen of Boston have their coun- try seats here. The number of inhabitants by the last census was 900. This town lies on the west of the bay, and its bills and wood lands form a pleasing portion of the scenery in the view from Boston common. In a direct line, Brookline is four miles from the city.
* The proprietors of the Boston Aqueduct were incorporated to bring water in subterranean pipes from Jamaica Pond in Roxbury to the town of Boston, by an Act of the Legislature, passed Febru- ary 27, 1735. Said Pond is about four miles from Boston, and there are four main logy from the pond, to and through most of the principal streets. The four main logs, and all the branches con- Bected with them, amount to about forty miles in length. There are generally about eight hundred families supplied with water from the Aqueduct.
387
HISTORY OF BOSTON.
BRIGHTON was formerly part of the town of Cambridge and known by the name of Little Cambridge. It lies between C. and Brookline. A cattle fair was commenced here during the revolutionary war and has been increasing in importance ever since. Most of the cattle for the supply of Boston mar- ket are brought in droves to this place; often from 2 to 8000 a week : every Monday is the fair day, when the dealers in provisions resort thither to make their purchases. Once a year, in the month of October, the Mass. Agricultural Socie- ty encourage a Cattle Show and exhibition of Manufactures, by the offer and award of premiums, for the best animals, products or articles of specified descriptions, produced in any part of this state. Brighton numbers 702 inhabitants.
WATERTOWN. The village of Watertown is a flourishing neighbourhood : it is the seat of several extensive manufacto- ries. The United States have an arsenal established in this town. Fresh Pond, a place of genteel resort, five miles from Boston, lies partly within this town and partly in Cambridge.
CAMBRIDGE is celebrated as the seat of Harvard College. This institution was founded in the year 1636,* and received its name from the Rev. John Harvard of Charlestown, who made the first great donation to its funds. Since that the ben- efactors of this institution have been numerous and liberal. The income of the College for the year 1824, arising from various permanent sources (i. e. exclusive of receipts from students and graduates) amounted to $22244, 74 cts. The expenditures during the same year amounted to $44841, 36 cts. principally in payment of salaries. The College buildings are situated on a delightful plain, three miles from Boston.t They are, University Hall, which is built of granite, 140 by 50 ft. on the ground, and 42 ft. high : Harvard, Massachu- setts, Hollis, Stoughton and Holworthy halls, and Holden chapel are all of brick : these buildings all stand within the enclosure of the College fence. (See plate, p. 81.) Besides these there are a new stone building lately erected and 3 Col- lege-houses occupied by students, the President's house, and
..
* Colony Records, Oct. 25, 1636, contain the first notice of the College, towards which the Court makes a grant of 400/. to be paid when the work is finished-the Court to regu- late the place and building .- Nov. 2, 1637, it is ordered that the College be at Newtown .-- May, 1638, the name of Newtown was altered and it was called Cambridge .- First Com- mencement, 1642.
t The Massachusetts Medical College is situated in Mason street, near the Boston Common and Mall. The building is brick, 88 feet in length, and 43 in its greatest breadth. Its figure is oblong with a pediment in front, and an octagonal centre rising above the roof, and also forming a three sided projection in the rear of the building. This is surmounted by a dome, with a skylight and balustrade, giving an appearance of elegance to the neatness and fit proportions of the building.
388
HISTORY OF BOSTON.
those of several of the professors, and the Medical College in Boston, all which belong to the University. The number of alumni, down to the last Wednesday of August, 1825, has been 4828. The present number of undergraduates is 234.
Cambridge contains 3295 inhabitants : it has a court house, jail, state arsenal, and 5 houses of publick worship. There are three principal villages, Lechmere's point, Cambridge- port, and the neighbourhood of the Colleges.
CHARLESTOWN is a town of singular shape extending in a northwesterly direction from Boston harbour, about nine miles in length and not averaging a breadth of one mile, and in some parts it is not a quarter of a mile in width. The com- pact or thickly settled part of the town is situated on a penin- sula next to Boston, which is about 14 mile in length, and ¿ of a mile in breadth, and is laid out in regular streets.
Charlestown contains a population of 6591. It has 5 houses of publick worship, a spacious alms house, and a hand- some market house. It is a port of entry in conjunction with Boston : Bunker Hill Bank is recently established here. Besides Charlestown and Prison point bridges, which con- nect this town with Boston, there is Chelsea Bridge on the Salem turnpike, and Malden Bridge, both over the Mystick river. Breed's hill, and Bunker hill lie within this peninsula : the former is 62 feet in height, the latter 110 feet. The U. S. Navy-yard consists of about 60 acres of land. on which are built a large brick warehouse, several arsenals, magazines for various kinds of stores, a large brick mansion house for the superintending officer, and a marine hospital. The State Prison is at the west end of the town, and is built of granite, 200 feet by 44, of 5 stories. The prison yard is 500 feet by 400, enclosed by a wall 15 feet high. The Mas- sachusetts Insane Hospital is delightfully situated upon Pleas- ant hill, on the west side of the town. It has an elegant house for the superintendant, with 2 buildings, one on each side, handsomely built of brick, 3 stories high.
CHELSEA is situated on the north side of Boston harbour and Mystick river, and on the west of Lynn bay: much of the land is low marsh or fen. The surface of the body of the town is broken into small eminences, the highest of which is Powder-Horn Hill, 220 feet above the sea. The settle- ments are thinly scattered over the town : the number of inhabitants is 642. Chelsea anciently was considered a part of Boston, and has always been connected with it as part of the county of Suffolk. By the law which established the City Police Court, the people of Chelsea are exempted from county taxes and deprived of their voice in county concerns. They have one meeting house occupied by a congregational church.
APPENDIX.
No. I. Page 49.
INDIAN QUITCLAIM.
To all to whom these presents shall come,
I, Charles Josias, alias Josias Wampatuck, son and heir of Josias Wampa- tuck Sachem of the Indians inhabiting the Massachusetts in New-England, and grandson of Chickatabut, the former Sachem, send greeting. FORASMUCH as I am informed, and well assured from several antient Indians, as well those of my council as others, that upon the first coming of the English to sit down and settle in these parts of New England, my above named grandfather, Chickatabut, by and with the advice of his council, for encouragement thereof moving, did give, grant, sell, alienate, and confirm unto the English planters and settlers, respectively and to their several and respective heirs and assigns forever all that neck, tract or parcel of land, lying and being within the Mas- sachusetts colony, in order to their settling and building a town there, now known by the name of Boston, as it is environed and compassed by the sea, or salt water, on the northerly, easterly, and westerly sides, and by the line of the town of Roxbury on the southerly side, with all the rivers, harbours, bays, creeks, coves, flats and appurtenances thereunto belonging, as also several other outlands belonging to the said town on the northerly and easterly sides of Charles river, and the Island called Deer Island lying about two leagues easterly from the said town of Boston between Pudding point Gut and the Broad Sound, so called, said island containing one hundred and sixty of 200 acres of land, more or less, with the privileges and appurtenances thereunto belonging, which said neck and land have since been distributed and granted out among themselves into particular allotments and other conveniences, and given, alienated, and transferred to and from one another, having been peacea- bly and quietly possessed, used, occupied and enjoyed, for the space of about fifty and five years last past, by the said first grantees, their heirs, successors and assigns, and now stand quietly and peaceably possessed thereof at this day. Wherefore, I Charles Josias, alias Josias Wampatuck, Sachem, and William Hahaton, Robert Momentauge, and Ahawton, senior, my counsellors, (by and with the allowance and advice of William Stoughton and Joseph Dudley, Es- quires, my prochain amys and guardians) as well for the reasons and con- siderations abovementioned as for and in consideration of a valuable sum of money to me and them in hand paid by Elisha Cook, Elisha Hutchinson, Esquires, Messrs. Samuel Shrimpton, John Joyliffe, Simon Lynde, John Sutlin, Edward Willis, Daniel Turell, senior, Henry Allen, John Fayerweather, Tim- othy Prout, senior, and Theophilus Frarey, of Boston aforesaid, for and in be-
390
APPENDIX.
half of themselves and the rest of the proprietated inhabitants of the town of Boston abovesaid, the receipt of which said sum of money as full and lawful consideration we do hereby acknowledge to have received, and thereof, and of every part and parcel thereof, do fully acquit and discharge the said Elisha Cooke, Elisha Hutchinson, Samuel Shrimpton, John Joyliffe, Simon Lynde, John Saffin, Edward Willis, Daniel Turell, senior, Henry Allen, John Fayer- weather, Timo. Prout, senior, and Theophilus Frarye, and every of them, their and every of their heirs, executors, administrators, and assigns forever, by these presents have and hereby do for the further confirmation and ratification of the said gift, grant, bargain or sale of the said grand Sachem, Chickatabut, fully freely and willingly approve, ratify, establish, enfeoff and confirm the same and do also fully and absolutely remise, release and forever quitclaim unto the said Elisha Cooke, Elisha Hutchinson, Samuel Shrimpton, John Joy- liffe, Simon Lynde, John Saffin, Edward Willis, Daniel Turell, senior, Henry Allen, John Fayerweather, Timo. Prout, senior, and Theophilus Frarye, their heirs and assigns respectively forever, so far as their own several and respec- tive rights and interests are or may be: And further for and in behalf of the rest of the proprietated inhabitants of said town of Boston and precincts thereof, severally and their several and respective heirs and assigns forever, according to the several interests, rights, titles and property, which each person respec- tively hath right unto and standeth now seized and possessed of all the afore- said neck and tract of land now called and known by the name of the town of Boston, and all other lands whatsoever with the said township and precincts thereof easterly and southerly of and from Charles River, with all and every the housing, buildings and improvements thereupon and on every part and parcel thereof, and the Island aforesaid called Deer Island and the buildings thereon, with all harbours, streams, coves, flats, waters, rivers, immunities, rights, benefits, advantages, liberties, privileges, hereditaments and appurte- nances whatsoever to all and every the aforementioned premises belonging, or in any manner or wise appertaining, or therewith heretofore or now used, oc- cupied or enjoyed, also all the estate, right, title, interest, property, claim and demand of me the said Charles Josias, alias Wampatuck, and of all and every my beforenamed counsellors, of, in and to the same and every part, parcel or member thereof :
To have and to hold all and singular the abovementioned land, premises and appurtenances and every part and parcel thereof unto them the said Elisha Cooke, Elisha Hutchinson, Samuel Shrimpton, John Joyliffe, Simon Lynde, John Saffin, Edward Willis, Daniel Turell, senior, Henry Allen, John Fayer- weather, Timo. Prout, senior, and Theophilus Frarye, their heirs and assigns respectively forever, for and in behalf of themselves so far as their own several and respective rights are or may be therein. And further for and in behalf of the several and respective proprietated inhabitants of the said town and pre- cincts thereof, their several and respective heirs and assigns forever according to their interest, title and propriety, which each person hath or may have just right unto and standeth now seized and possessed of, and to their only proper use and benefit and behoof forever, freely, peaceably and quietly, without any manner of reclaim, challenge or contradiction of me, the said Charles Josias, alias Wampatuck, and my above named counsellors or cither or any of us, or either or any of our heirs, executors, administrators or assigns, and without any accompt, reckoning, auswer, sum or sums of money in time to come to be made, yielded, paid or done, so that neither I, the said Charles Josias, alias
.
391
APPENDIX.
Wampatuck, my counsellors, our or either of our heirs, executors nor any others by, from or under me, us or them or any of them, shall or will by any ways or means hereafter have, ask, or claim, challenge or demand any estate, right, title or interest, of, in or to the premises or any part or parcel thereof, but are and shall be utterly excluded and for ever debarred from the same by virtue of these presents; and I the said Charles Josias alias Wampatuck and counsel- lors aforesaid for us and every of us, our and every of our heirs, executors, ad- ministrators and successors respectively do hereby covenant, promise, grant and oblige unto the aforenamed grantees, their heirs, executors, administra- tors and assigns by these presents to warrant, maintain and defend the afore- mentioned premises and all and every part and parcel thereof unto them the said grantees, their heirs and assigns forever as aforesaid, for and in behalf of themselves and others the proprietated inhabitants according to their respective rights and interest, against all and every person and persons whomsoever law- fully claiming or demanding the same or any part or parcel thereof, and at any time or times hereafter, upon demand, to give and pass more full and am- ple release, confirmation and assurance of all and every the said premises un- . to the said grantees, their heirs and assigns to the uses aforesaid, and to do and perform any other act or acts, device or devices in the law necessary or requisite thereunto, as in law or equity can or may be devised, advised or re- quired. In witness whereof, I said Charles Josias alias Wampatuck, William Hahaton, Robert Momentauge and Ahawton, senior my counsellors, have hereunto set our hands and seals the 19th day of March A. D. 1684-5 Annoque Ri. Ris. Caroli Secundi Angliae, &c. xxxvii.
Charles Josias A (L. s.)
Ahawton Senr. M (L. s.)
Willm. Hahoton (L. s.)
Robert 8 Momentauge. (L. s.)
Signed, sealed and delivered in presence of us,
William Williams, E. Lyde.
Charles Josias and Wm. Ahawton jr. in behalf of himself and his father Ahawton, Indians, acknowledged the abovesaid writing to be their voluntary act and deed, March 19th, 1684-5. Coram James Russell, Assistant.
We underwritten prochain amys and guardians to Charles Josias sachem of the Massachusetts,do consent and approve of the abovesaid confirmation of title and release of claim. William Stoughton, Joseph Dudley.
David, Son and heir of Sagamore George and in his right having some claim to Deer Island, doth hereby for just consideration relinquish his .right to the town of Boston of all his right and claim thereto, and consents to the abovesaid deed of sale, as witness his hand and seal . In presence of us
William Williams, Benja. Dowse.
Feb. 1. 1708. Received and accordingly entered and examined per Addington Davenport, Register.
No. II. Page 78.
.
From Welde's Short Story of the Antinomians, &c .- Ed. 1692, p. 23.
'We whose names are under written (have diligently observed this honoura- ble Court's proceedings against our dear and reverend brother in Christ, Mr. Wheel, now under censure of the Court for the truth of Christ) we do humbly
392
APPENDIX.
beseech this honourable Court to accept this remonstrance and petition of ours, in all due submission tendered to your worships. For first, whereas our beloved brother Mr. W. is censured for contempt, by the greater part of this honoured Court, we desire your worships to consider the sincere intention of our brother to promote your end in the day of fast : for whereas we do per- ceive your principal intention the day of fast looked chiefly at the public peace of the churches, our reverend brother did to his best strength and as the Lord assisted him labour to promote your end, and therefore endeavoured to draw us nearer unto Christ the head of our union, that so we might be estab- lished in peace, which we conceive to be the true way, sanctified of God, to obtain your end, and therefore deserves no such censure, as we conceive.
Secondly, Whereas our dear brother is censured of sedition, we beseech your worships to consider that either the person condemned must be culpable of some seditious fact, or his doctrine must be seditious, or must breed sedition in the hearts of his hearers, or else we know not upon what grounds he could be censured. Now to the first, we have not heard any that have witnessed against our brother for any seditious fact. Secondly, neither was the doctrine itself, being no other but the very expressions of the Holy Ghost himself, and therefore cannot justly be branded with sedition. Thirdly, if you look at the effects of his doctrine upon the hearers, it hath not stirred up sedition in us, not so much as by accident : we have not drawn the sword, as sometimes Peter did rashly, neither have we rescued our innocent brother, as sometimes the Israel- ites did Jonathan, and yet they did not seditiously. The covenant of free grace, held forth by our brother, hath taught us rather to become humble suppliants to your Worships, and if we should not prevail, we wonld rather with patience give our cheeks to the smiters. Since therefore the teacher, the doctrine and the hearers be most free from sedition (as we conceive) we hum- bly beseech you in the name of the L. J. C. your Judge and ours, and for the honour of this Court and the proceedings thereof, that you will be pleased either to make it appear to us and all the world, to whom the knowledge of all these things will come, wherein the sedition lies, or else acquit our broth- er of such a censure.
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