USA > Massachusetts > Middlesex County > History of Middlesex County, Massachusetts, with biographical sketches of many of its pioneers and prominent men, Vol. III > Part 146
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Mr. Barry gives the following : " An aged inhabit- ant of this town relates an instance of narrow escape from death, on a like occasion, which occurred to his grandmother. Having gone alone to the yard to milk, about two hours before sunset, she carefully looked around to see if there were Indians in the
neighborhood. Supposing herself secure, she pro- ceeded to her work, and while in the act of milking, an Indian (who, as was their custom, had disguised himself with brakes, and crawled along on his belly) suddenly struck her in the back with a knife. She instantly sprung, and by the effort twitched the knife from the Indian's grasp; and before he could rise, had advanced so far, that she succeeded in reaching the house, with the knife in her back. An alarm was immediately given, by three successive discharges of a musket, which soon brought a reinforcement from the neighborhood of what is now called the Silk Farm, where was a garrison well provided with powerful dogs and arms. On pursuing, however, they found no traces of the Indian. The woman sur- vived her injury."
The farmers went to their work in the fields, carry- ing with them fire-arms for protection. The husband would go with his wife to the barnyard, and watch while she milked the cows. " An aged woman of this town heard, from her grandmother, an account of this practice in her day ; the latter adding, that her hus- band's presence was, after all, of no great service, for instead of watching for Indians, he would throw him- self upon his back, and sing loud enough to be heard through the neighborhood." (Barry.)
At this date, and for many years after, one or more dwelling-houses in every district was built so as to be arrow-proof and bullet-proof. A description of the Learned house, which stood where Mrs. Katherine Eames now lives, will answer for all. It was a two- story house without a leanto. The frame, i. e., the sills, posts, girths and plates, were of heavy timbers. Instead of studs in the lower story, logs split in half were set upright, face and back alternately, so as to match by overlapping the edges. The space under the windows on the back side was filled in with bricks; on the front side and ends with two-inch planks. The lathing was nailed to the logs on the inside, and the boards were nailed in like manner on the outside. The doors were of planks, and the win- dows were provided with inside shutters.
Some of these garrison-houses were lined with planks instead of split logs. The Dr. Stone house, which stood on Pratt's Plain, near the arsenal ; the John Eames house, built where is now R. L. Day's house; the Nathaniel Haven house, which stood west of Washakum Pond (the Charles Morse place, now in Ashland); the original Nathaniel Eames house, late Jonathan Eames', were plank-lined garri- son-houses. A similar house, built about 1730, by Nathaniel Haven for his son, and placed on the oppo- site of the road from the father's, is still standing, as is the Nathaniel Eames house. The former is owned by Joseph Morse.
FATHER RALLE'S WAR .- This war lasted from 1722 to 1726. Its principal theatre was in the province of Maine; but the French Indians from Canada made assaults on the infant settlements along the entire
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618
HISTORY OF MIDDLESEX COUNTY, MASSACHUSETTS.
northern border of Massachusetts; and all our towns were called upon to contribute their quota of men. Framingham shared in these levies. Colonel Joseph Buckminster, then in command of the South Middle- sex Regiment, sent troops to the relief of exposed points. Jona. Lamb was employed to transport mili- tary stores from Boston to Rutland, then a frontier town, In Sergeant Thomas Buckminster's " Rutland Scout" were David Pratt, Philip Pratt, and Thompson Wood, of Framingham. Gideon Bridges, Jeremiah Belknap, Hackaliah Bridges, Simon Goddard, Jere- miab Wedges and Benoni Hemenway were out in a detachment from August 25th to November 28, 1722. Daniel How, Benjamin Hemenway, Mark Whitney and Daniel Rider, of this town, served in Captain Samuel Wright's Rutland Company, from November 10, 1723, to June 10, 1724. Jeremiah Wedges and Uriah Clark were in service at Fort Dummer, Feb. Ist to May 31, 1724. In 1725, June to November, Daniel How, promoted to be sergeant, Thomas Walk- up, Benoni Hemenway, John Stone and Samuel Ilud- son, apprentice to Jonathan Rugg, were in Captain Samuel Wright's company.
Muster Roll of Captain Isaac Clark's Company of Troopers, out from August 21st to September 18, 1725:
Capt.
Isaac Clark, , Fram
Phinehas Rice, Fram
Lt. Jona Lamb,
Frain
Moses Haven, Fram
Cort Joseph Ware, Sherb
Uriah Drury, Fram
Corp. Nathaniel Eames, Fram
Joseph Brintnall, Framu
Corp.
Ebenī Leland, Sherb
Bezaleel Rice, Fram
Corp.
Jonas Eaton,
Fram
George Walkup. Fram
Corp.
Eleazer Rider, Sherb
Isaac Stanhope, Fram
Trump Tho" BeRows,
Marl
Samuel Walker, Fram
Trumpr Nero Benson,
Fram
Thomas Stone Fran
Clerk, Samuel Stone,
Fram
John Stacy, Fram
James Clayes,
Fram
Jonathan Nutting, Fram
John Bent, Fram
Oliver Death, Fram
Joseph Haven,
Fram
Samuel Williams, Sherb
Josiah Rice,
Fram
Joseph Leland, Sherb
Daniel Pratt,
Fram
Asa Morse, Sherb
Matthias Clark,
Fram
Edward Learned, Sherb
Thomas Winch,
Fram
Isaac Leland, Sherb
Jacob Pepper, Fram
George Fairbank, Sherb
Abraham Rice,
Fram
Joseph Morse, Sherb
Ezekiel Rice, Fram
Jonathan Fairbank, Sherb
Robert Seaver,
Fram
David Morse, Sherb
Samnel Frizzell,
Fram
Jonathan Dewing, Sherb
FRENCH AND INDIAN WARS .- This town was not the theatre of any of the thrilling events of these wars, which were the final struggle of the French Government to secure control of New England, in which that power utilized to the fullest extent the savage tribes of our northern border. Our men, how- ever, took an active and honorable part in the defence of the frontiers. Joseph Buckminster, Jr., was col- onel in commission and command of the South Mid- dlesex militia at this date, and was prompt in enlist- ing and forwarding troops as called for by the provin- cial authorities.
In the memorable expedition against Lonisbourg in 1745, in Capt. Ephraim Baker's company, Sir Wil- liam Pepperell's regiment, were Lieut. John Butler, (who died in the service), Philip Pratt, James Clayes,
John Nixon (then eighteen years old), John Seaver, Robert Seaver, the father, and his two sons, Joseph and Benjamin (one of whom died at Lonisbourg). Jonathan Youngman, Jonas Gleason and Sheans Berry were out in the same expedition.
Capt. Josiah Brown (of Sudbury) and his troopers were ordered out on an alarm September 23, 1747. On the mnster-roll are the names of Lieut. Thomas Winch, Corp. Daniel Gregory, Clerk Daniel Stone, Trumpeters Jonathan Belcher and Nathaniel Seaver, Centinels Samuel Winch, Phineas Gibbs, Jonathan Maynard, Isaac Read, Benjamin Eaton, William Brown, John Bruce, Elias Whitney, John Hemenway, Micah Gibbs, Samuel Frost, Joseph Brintnall, Mat- thew Gibbs, John Gonld, of Framingham.
Daniel Brewer, John Harris, Isaac How, John Par- menter and William Hutson were in Lieut. John Catlin's detachment at Fort Shirley, December 10, 1747, to October 31, 1748.
Thomas Walkup was in service during the war ; was with Capt. H. Hobbs' rangers in '48, and at No. 4 with Capt. P. Stevens in '49.
John Edgell, an apprentice to Jacob Pike, of this town, was impressed, and joined Capt. Josiah Willard, Jr.'s company at Fort Dummer, February 10, 1748. Ile was in a detachment of men under Sergt. Thomas Taylor, marching from Northfield to the fort July 14th, when they fell into an ambush of French and Indians. Two of Taylor's men were killed, and eleven taken prisoners and carried to Canada. Edgell was among the latter. He lost everything of arms and clothing ; and during the march to the north was subjected to great hardships, by which he was incapacitated from labor. He, with the other captives, was sold to the French, and remained in Canada till the last of Sep- tember, when he was released and returned home.
Jonathan Brewer was out in the campaign of '49 ; stationed at Fort Dummer. He and John Nixon, both of whom were distinguished officers in the War of the Revolution, took their first lessons in eamp and field service in this war.
The old French War ended in 1749, and what is known as the Last French and Indian War began in 1754.
The active militia of Framingham at this date numbercd about 170 able-bodied men, and 90 on the alarm list. Of our men, not less than 160 were out at different times during this war-some of them of course being counted more then once, as having en- listed or been drafted for successive expeditions.
In the opening campaign of this war, in 1754, the following men of this town enlisted in Capt. John Johnson's company, and were out three months, viz., Jonathan Brewer, Simon Learned, Joseph Butler, Phinehas Butler, John How, Eliab Brewer, John Pierce, Simon Gleason, Phinehas Gleason, William Dunn, William Graves, Phinehas Graves, Michael Haven, Simon Pratt.
John Nixon enlisted March 27, 1755, in Capt.
619
FRAMINGHAM.
Ebenezer Newell's Roxbury Company, and received a commission as lieutenant ; but before marching he was transferred to Capt. Jonathan Hoar's Concord Company, and was promoted September 8th to he captain. The company was attached to the Crown Point expedition, and was in service till December 17th. Jonathan Gibbs was lieutenant in the same company ; Amos Gates was sergeant; Ebenezer Boutwell was corporal ; George Walkup was drum- mer, and in a short time was promoted to be drum-ma- jor. Jonathan Treadway was taken sick and sent home on furlough November 3d, and died December 17th. Other Framingham men enlisted in Capt. Newell's company at the same time as Lieutenant Nixon, and were in the Crown Point expedition, and discharged January 3, 1756 : Sergeant Shears Berry, Sergeant Isaac Gleason, Corporal Jonathan Belcher, Abijah Berry, Eben. Darling, John Darling, John Edgell, Simon Edgell, Thomas Nixon, Joseph Sever, Benja- min Tower.
Four men from this town joined Capt. Stephen Hosmer's company, for the Crown Point expedi- tion, one of whom, David Sanger, died at Albany, December 15th. Three of our men were in Capt. John Taplin's company, same expedition; and six others enlisted in different companies, making forty- four in all who took part in this first campaign of the war.
In 1756 thirty-eight of our men were in the service. Capt. John Nixon and his company were stationed at the camp near Lake George. His brother Thomas, aged twenty, was ensign, and Simon Edgell, twenty- two, was sergeant. Benjamin Angier, William Puffer, Jacob Townsend, Isaac Allard and Ensign John Stone died in the service this year. Daniel Coller was taken captive by the Indians near Lake George. Francis Gallot was taken prisoner at Oswego, when that fort was captured, August 14th.
Captain Josiah Stone, with his troop of horse, was in service at Crown Point, September 15th to Octo- ber 30th.
The year 1757 was long remembered as the year of great preparations and great disappointments. The expedition against Crown Point and Ticonderoga was popular, and officers and men enlisted readily- to be balked in their expectations by the order of Lord London, who sent them on a fruitless ex- pedition against Louisbourg.
The following characteristic letter will explain it- self :-
" FRAMINGHAM, July 18, 1857.
" May it please the Honbl his Majesty's Council :
" In obedience to an order from your Honoure of the 10th of May, 1757, I have taken effectual care and caused every person, hoth upon the Alarm List and Trained band List, in the Regiment of Militia under my com- tand and also the respective Town stocks in said Regiment, to he furnish- ed with Arms and Ammunition according to law, and now ready with my whole Regiment, to meet and confront the French in any part of the Province, at a minute's warning, even with seven daye' provisions.
"I am, Your Honours most obt. cervt.
" Jos. BUCKMINSTER. "
The regular companies from this neighborhood, last year, remained in the service; and most of our militia were called for in one or other of the "alarms" about Fort William Henry. Timothy Pierce, son of Thomas, was made prisoner at the tak- ing of this fort and carried to Canada.
In 1758 seventeen Framingham men were with Col. Ruggles' regiment, mostly in Capt. John Nixon's company, on the New York frontier ; Ensign Thomas Trowbridge and fifteen men were in Capt. John Taplin's company, raised for the re- duction of Canada, and ten men enlisted in Captain Aaron Fay's company for the same destination. Micajah Gleason was in the expedition against Louisburg.
Ralph Hemenway enlisted and marched with his company, hut was taken sick and lay in the hospital for some time. The General Court allowed him for his extra expenses, £3. 5.0.
1759. Niagara was invested by Gen. Prideaux, July G and was taken on the 24th. Ticonderoga was reached by the division under Gen. Amherst, July 22, and after a siege taken ; when Crown Point was abandon- ed by the French, who retired to the Isle aux Noix, at the northern extremity of the lake.
Capt. John Nixon, with many of his old officers and men, turned out March 31, and was stationed at Worcester, in Col. T. Ruggles' regiment, till April 30. At this date his company was reorganized, and attached to Col. John Jones' (of Hopkinton) regi- ment, which marched under Gen. Jeffrey Amherst, for the invasion of Canada. The company was in ser- vice till Dec. 20. The Framingham names are as fol- lows :
Capt. John Nixon.
Lieut. Joseph Gibbs.
Lieut. Thomas Nixon.
Ens. James Mellen.
Ebenezer llaven, aged 22.
Silas Hemenway, aged 21.
Esau Northgate, aged 37.
Allen Flagg, aged 18.
Daniel Haven, aged 45.
Oliver Robinson, aged 19.
John Gould, aged 38.
Caleb Drury, Jr., aged 23. Bezaleel Wright, aged 49.
Phinehas Graves, aged 24.
Ebenezer Cutting, aged 17.
Elijah Drury, aged 22.
Jona. Hemenway, aged 19.
Isaiah Taylor, aged 25.
Elijah Houghton, aged 20.
Micah Gleason, aged 17.
Thomas Kendall, Jr., aged 45.
Peter Gullot, aged 24.
Isaac Fisk, Jr., aged 22.
Jolin Matthews, aged 40.
Joseph Stone, aged 37.
Dan. Tombs, Jr. (Hopk.), aged 19.
Gilbert Deuch (Hopk.), aged 17.
.Jonathan Pierce, aged 25.
George Lilly, aged 21. Nathaniel Brown, aged 18,
Joseph Bigelow, aged 24.
Daniel Haven, aged 20.
Isaac Fisk, Jr., served through the campaign. While returning home he was taken sick between Crown Point and No. 4, and with great difficulty got as far as Mt. Grace (in Warwick), seventy miles from home. His father went with a horseto fetch him to Framing- ham. But he was so ill that he could not get on or off a horse without help ; and the father was absent seven days, and he was not able to do anything for about six weeks. Expenses allowed by the General Court, £1. 1. 4.
1760. Ten Framingham men enlisted for the reduc- tion of Canada, and were assigned to Capt. William
620
HISTORY OF MIDDLESEX COUNTY, MASSACHUSETTS.
Jones' Co. (of Ilolliston), and were in service from Feb. 14 to Dec. 26.
Capt. Nixon's company was in service from April 15 to Nov. 17, 1761. It was a popular company, and numbered thirteen officers and eighty-eight pri- vates. Eight of the officers and twenty-three of the men were from Framingham.
The small-pox was very prevalent in Canada at this time, and many of the American soldiers took it.
" The petition of Ralph Hemmenway, of Framingham. "To his Excellency Fra Bernard :
" Humbly sheweth that his son, John Hemmenway, enlisted in 1761 under Capt. Brigham, of Southborough, Col. Whitcomb's regiment, and continued in service till the army brokeup"; and in his return took the small-pox, and was taken down six days after his return home, and con- tinued thirteen days, and died ; by reason of which your petitioner wus put to great trouble and cost : he had to move his family balf a mile dis- tant ; and could not take them home in less than three months; and paid two nurses £3. 4., besides 16 shillings for necessaries. Prays the Court to allow him, as otbers are allowed in such cases."
The General Court allowed him £4. 4.
MISCELLANY .- 1754. The first four months of this year are made memorable by the prevalence of a fatal distemper, known as the great "sickness." The town records notice the death of seven persons as vic- tims of the disease ; but it is nearly certain that other deaths occurred, which were not recorded : The God- dard family, living on the place now of J. H. Temple, and the families living north of the Mountain, appear to have been the greatest suffers. Rev. David God- dard, minister, of Leicester, while on a visit here, was taken down, and died Jannary 19. His mother died February 4th, and his father, the Hon. Edward God- dard, died February 9. Others of the family were sick but recovered. Joshua Hemenway, Jr., died January 30.
The distemper broke out in Ilolliston about the middle of December, and between that date and March there were forty-six deaths in a population of four hundred. " Four families were wholly broken up, losing both their beads. The sickness was so pre- valent that but few families escaped. For more than a month there were not enough well to tend to the sick and bury the dead : tho' they spent their whole time in these services; but the sick suffered and the dead lay unburied ; and that, notwithstanding help was procured, and charitable assistance afforded by many in neighboring towns. In the height of the disease there were from two to five burials each day." [Journal of Rev. Mr. Prentice. ] The selectmen applied to the Legislature for aid, and " the sum of £26, 13, 4, was granted and paid out the public treasury to the selectmen of Holliston, (in consideration of the calam- itous circumstances occasioned by the late mortal sick- ness that prevailed there), to be applied for the use and relief of such poor, indigent persons as may most need the same."
The number of deaths in Sherborn was between twenty and thirty.
1755, Nov. 18. A terrible earthquake took place a little after four o'clock, in a serene and pleasant night,
and continued near four and a half minutes. The shock was the most violent ever known in the coun- try. Its course was from northwest to southeast, and it extended entirely across New England and the Middle States.
1756-7. During this winter snow fell to the depth of nearly six feet. The following extracts from a journal kept by Henry Eames, indicate the progress of the storms : " Dec. 17, 1756, snow 15 inches deep. Snow 20th day, 15 inches more. Snow 23d day, 7 or 8 inches more. Cold rain, 26th day ; 27th, warm three days, then some rain. Jan. 3, 1757, cold N. W. snow, about two or three inches. Jan. 9, about noon very hot fog, then rain. 17th, very cold N. W. wind. 220, rain, and thaw very fast. 24th and 25th, snow to the value of 10 inches ; the night after, eight inches more. 30th and 31st, thawed away most of the snow that came last ; the whole depth above 4 feet and 4 inches. Feb. 2, snow and hail seven inches deep. 5th, snow seven inches deep more. 6th, rain most of the day. 7th, snow three inches deep. 10th, S. wind and rain, till the snow wasted the most of it."
POLLS AND ESTATES, 1760 .- From an official re- turn it appears that at this date Framingham had
Number of ratable polls
301
Number of non-ratable polls
30
Number of dwelling-bonses 198
Number of work-houses or shops
28
Number of mills .
8
Number of Iron foundaries
1
Number of servants for life .
7
Trading stock
€60 13 0
Money at interest
£936 17 4
Number of horses
162
do of oxen
265
do of cows
724
do of sheep
886
do of swine 3 months old
35
do acres of cow pastures
1,02345
do bushels of grain raised 20,665
do barrels of cider made . 1,716
do tons of English bay 447%
do tons of meadow bay
1,02112
SLAVES AND COLORED INHABITANTS .- The num- ber of slaves returned in the preceding table is seven. Perhaps no better place will occur for giving a list of the Negro slaves (so far as is known) owned at different times by Framingham families.
In 1716, John Stone held as a slave, Jane, wife of John Jackson, of New London, Connecticut, who commenced a process to recover her freedom.
Jane, a negro girl owned by Col. Buckminster, was baptized in 1722.
October 9, 1733, Thomas Frost bought of Jonathan Smith of Sudbury, for £60 current money, a negro man named Gloster, aged about 30 years.
Plato Lambert, born December, 1, 1737, was taken when an infant by Mrs. Martha Nichols of this town.
Primus, owned by Aaron Pike, was baptized in 1744.
Mereah, owned by widow Samuel Frost, was bap- tized in 1746.
621
FRAMINGHAM.
Jenny, owned by Lieut. Thomas Winch, and Vilot owned by Jonathan Rugg, were baptized in 1746.
Flora, owned hy Deacon Peter Balch, was baptized in 1747, and is named in his will made in 1755.
Flora, Brill, and Titus, owned by Mrs. Ebenezer Winchester, were baptized in 1748.
Hannover a negro man owned by Nathaniel Bel- knap, was baptized in 1755.
Phebe, owned by Captain Simon Edgell, was bap- tized in 1767. The following bill of sale refers to this Negro girl, who was assigned hy Mrs. Balch to Cap- tain Edgell. It will show the mode of conducting such transactions :
"KNOW ALL MEN by these Presents, that I Josiah Richardson Juo. of Sudbury in the County of Middlesex, gentlemen, for and in considera. tion of the eum of one Pound six shillioge and eight pence, lawful money, to me in hand well and truly paid at the ensealing hereof by Elizabeth Balch of Framingham widow, the Receipt whereof I do hereby acknowledge, and for the consideration thereof, Do Fell to the said Elizabeth Balch and to her heirs and assigns forever, .1 Negro fe- male Child named Phebe, of about two years old, with her wearing ap- parel she now hath. And I the said Josiah Covenants to and with the Baid Elizabeth Balch and ber heits and assigns, that the said Negro Child is my Slave for Life, and that I have good right to sell and con- vey her in manner aforesaid for the term of her natural life; and that by force and virtue hereof the said Elizabeth Balch shall hold her the said Thebe for a slave for the term of her natural life. In Witness whereof, I the suid Josiah Richardson Jun., have herennto set my hand and seal this 13th day of August 1764.
" In presence of " JOSIAH RICHARDSON JUN [Seal] " SAMUEL JONES."
Dill, a negro woman, in the service of Deacon Dauiel Stone, died December 13, 1767.
Rev. Mr. Swift owned five slaves, which were dis- posed of in his will, dated September 1743, as follows : Francis, negro man, to his son, Rev. John Swift, of Acton ; Guy, negro man, to his son-in-law, Rev. Phillips Payson, of Walpole; Nero, negro man, to his son-in-law, Ebenezer Robie of Sudbury. Ilis two negro women, Dido, wife of Nero, and Esther, her daughter, be left for the service of his wife nntil her decease, after which they were to be the property of his daughter Martha, wife of Major John Farrar. Nero, or Nero Benson, was trumpeter in Captain Isaac Clark's troop in 1725. He married in 1731, Dido Dingo. He was a member in full communion of Mr. Swift's church; and in 1737 transferred his relation to the church in Hopkinton, showing that his spiritual liberty was not restricted. lle was admitted to Rev. Mr. Loring's church in Sudbury, November 9, 1746, and died at Sudbury, July 3, 1757. He left a wife and three children, one of whom, Wil- liam, was owned for a time by Joseph Collins, of Southborough.
Cato IIanker was owned by Joseph Haven, Esq., and was born in his house (the David Nevins place). He was a shoemaker, and received his freedom ; and April 10, 1721, bought for ten shillings, ten square rods of land of Daniel Haven, where he built a small house. The house stood on the north side of the road, a short distance to the eastward of the David Haven house, on land now owned by the Sturtevants. In
his old age he was accustomed to tell that he had many times stood in the road east of his house, and "fished both ways" in time of high water. lle left a son, William.
A noted character of the class under consideration was Prince, sometimes called Prince Young, but whose name is recorded as Prince Yongey, and Prince Jonar, by which last name he is noticed in the town records in 1767. He was brought from Africa when about twenty-five years old, having been a person of consideration in his native land, from which circum- stance, perhaps, he received his name. Ile was bought by Col. Joseph Buckminster, Jr., and was afterwards owned by his son, Dea. Thomas Buck- minster. He married, in 1737, Nanny Peterattucks of Framingham, by whom he had several children, among them a son who died yonng, and a danghter Phebe, who never married.
Prince was a faithful servant, and by his bonesty, temperauce and prudence, so gained the confidence of his first master, Col. Joseph Buckminster, that he was left with the management of a large farm during his master's absence at the General Court. He occu- pied a cabin near the turnpike, and cultivated for his own use a piece of meadow, which has since been known as Prince's meadow. He gave as the reason for choosing this spot, that it resembled the soil of his native country. During the latter part of his life he was offered his freedom, which he had the sagacity to decline, pithily saying, " Massa eat the meat ; he now pick the hone." Prince shunned the society of persons of his own color. He always appeared in public armed with a tomahawk ; yet he was a favorite with children, and would bear great provocations from them. He learned to read, and possessed the religious turn of mind characteristic of his race. In his last sickness, he remarked with much simplicity, that he was " not afraid to be dead, but to die." He passed an extreme old age in the family of Dea. Thomas Buckminster, and died December 21, 1797, at the age of about 100 years .-- Barry.
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