History of Middlesex County, Massachusetts, with biographical sketches of many of its pioneers and prominent men, Vol. III, Part 169

Author: Hurd, D. Hamilton (Duane Hamilton) ed
Publication date: 1890
Publisher: Philadelphia, J. W. Lewis & co
Number of Pages: 1278

USA > Massachusetts > Middlesex County > History of Middlesex County, Massachusetts, with biographical sketches of many of its pioneers and prominent men, Vol. III > Part 169

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The women of the town were loyally active during the whole period of the war in providing for the sol- diers in the field, and doing everything in their power to alleviate their sufferings and enhance their com- fort, through the medium of Soldiers' Aid and Relief Societies. In 1864 a large fair was held in aid of the Sanitary Commission, which was very successful and through which a generous sum was raised for the great cause.

The town furnished about 400 soldiers and sailors, and nearly every Massachusetts regiment was repre- sented by some of its citizens. Fifty-three of the number, as nearly as can be ascertained, never re- turned, but nobly sacrificed their lives in battle or in the hospital for the cause of their country. Soon after the war, Waltham was among the first towns to erect a soldiers' monument. This monument, an ornamen- tal granite shaft, inscribed with the names of those who gave their lives, is located upon the Common. It also organized one of the First Grand Army Posts in the State, which to-day is active in perpetuating the memory of those who served their country in the time of its peril.

The only regular military organization is the Waltham Rifles, organized in 1874, and attached to the Fifth Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Militia.

Waltham has always in due time responded to the demands upon it called for by its advancement in population and prosperity. In 1829 the first fire- engine was purchased, and in 1844 a Fire Department was organized under a perfect system, with engineers and subordinates. Previous to the purchasing of an engine there had been an independant organization of citizens called the Fire Club, each member of which was equipped with two buckets and other im- plements for extinguishing fires and saving property. This club now keeps up an informal organization by an annual supper. The first steam fire-engine was added to the department in 1871, and the fire-alarm telegraph introduced in 1881. The present Fire De- partment is a finely-organized and well-managed in- stitution in the city. 1ts adequate equipment, and the harmonious feeling between the different com-

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HISTORY OF MIDDLESEX COUNTY, MASSACHUSETTS.

panies, and between the men and officers and engi- neers, render it one of special efficiency and character. The force now consists of one steam fire-engine, one chemical engine, four hose carriages, one hook-and- ladder truck, supply wagon, etc.

The Waltham Bank was established in 1836. Luke Fiske was the first president, and Nathaniel Maynard the first cashier. The capital originally was $100,000, and was subsequently increased to $150,000. The Savings Bank was established in 1853.

The streets were first lighted in 1852. The Gas Light Company was formed and gas introduced in J853. The same company added an electric plant to its works and introduced electric lights in 1886. A horse railroad was built and opened between Wal- tham and West Newton in 1868, and in 1872 was ex- tended up Main to Weston Street. It was changed to an electric road in 1890.

The people had been agitating the question of the introduction of water for some years, and different. sources of supply had been suggested. After con- siderable deliberation and a careful examination of different places and methods, the town decided, in 1873, to take water from a filtering basin near Charles River above the factories by pumping into a reservoir on Boston Rock Hill. In excavating for the filtering basin, springs were struck on the land side of the basin, giving a supply of pure water ample for all present necessities, besides the facilities for direct draught from the river.

.July 4, 1876, the centennial celebration of National Independence was carried out with much public spirit and parade. A military and civic procession marched through the principal streets, and an historical oration was delivered by Josiah Rutter, Esq., in a large tent on the Common. Concerts and children's entertain- ments were given at Rumford Hall, while boat-races and games furnished recreation for others. A fine display of fire-works on the Common ended the suc- cessful and patriotic celebration of the day.

Mention has already been made of the date and lo- cation of the first bridge over Charles River on the site of the present Newton Street Bridge. This bridge, within a few years, has been rebuilt into an arched bridge of stone. Moody Street Bridge was built in 1847, originally of wood; it has since been rebuilt of iron. Farwell Street Bridge, below the bleachery, is a structure of iron. In 1889 a massive new arch bridge of stone was completed from Pros- pect to Maple Streets, near the watch factory. This is the most expensive and imposing bridge across the river, and furnishes one of the most attractive thoroughfares, whether for business or pleasure. It supplanted a wooden foot-bridge erected in 1885, mainly for the convenience of the watch factory operatives living on the north side of the river.

The Massachusetts Central Railroad constructed its road through Waltham in 1881, and thus gave ad- ditional facilities for communication with Boston,

and westward into the interior of the State and be- yond.

Where the citizens as a whole have been backward in supplying the necessary improvements, private citizens have by public spirit and enterprise in some cases supplied the deficiency. With the growth in population, places of public gathering for meetings, entertainments, and the ordinary purposes of a large community become inadequate in size and number. The town had outgrown Rumford Hall, which, with its historical associations as the assembly room of Rumford Institute, was also used as the Town Hall. Propositions were made for erection of a new and spacious Town Hall. Town-meetings were held with warm discussion. It was voted to build a hall on the Common ; subsequently, that vote was reconsider- ed and another location chosen. One meeting would negative the act of another, and the attempt to have a new Town Hall came finally to naught. In 1881 under the spirited management of a few gentlemen, a stock company of citizens was formed and Music Hall was erected. This structure, with its frontage of stores and offices and spacious vestibule and audi- torium in the rear, is a useful and ornamental insti- tntion of the city. In 1890 alterations were made by which it was more especially adapted for theatrical entertainments, and it is now largely used for the drama, as well as for the general purposes of a large as- sembly room. The name was changed to Park Theatre. Under the judicious management of the present lessee, Mr. W. D. Bradstreet, as a local theatre it furnishes the people two or three times a week in the season with a good variety of literary, dramatic and musical entertainments.

By the census of 1880 the population was very nearly 12,000, the requisite number for a city. As the town-meetings were oftentimes too large for the proper transaction of business, and the rate of in- crease of population was such as to render a change to a city form of government inevitable within a short time, the subject of application for a city charter began to be advocated. The proposition naturally met with much opposition at first from the more conservative people, and the first vote of the town was against the measure. But renewed interest was at once manifest- ed, and on a second vote, November 30, 1883, the town voted seven hundred and twenty-four to six hundred and sixty-five to apply for a city charter, and appointed a committee of fifteen to prepare a charter. The Legislature granted the charter June 2, 1884, and it was accepted by the people July, 1884, by a vote of nine hundred and seventeen to six hun- dred and thirty-nine. In date of organization Wal- tham was the twenty-third city of Massachusetts.

Public sentiment in the town had been quite freely expressed in favor of a one board city government, the council or legislative branch to consist of but one body, instead of a Board of Aldermen and Common Council, as customary in other cities of Massachusetts.

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THE RESIDENCE OF MR. FRANCIS BUTTRICK, WALTHAM, MASSACHUSETTS.

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WALTHAM.

A charter with this provision was granted. This novel feature was regarded as an innovation, and the first experiment in Waltham has been watched with considerable interest by those interested in municipal government. A board of twenty-one aldermen, with three from each of seven wards, was instituted, and has been found to work satisfactorily. The only change from that system deemed desirable was one to break up the local character of the representation from each ward. In 1889 an amendment was adopt- ed to the effect that one of the aldermen from each ward be elected by the people at large.

The change from a town to a city form of govern- ment was made January, 1885, when the inaugura- tion exercises took place in Music Hall before a large assemblage of the people. The chairman of the Board of Selectmen, Mr. Timothy Leary, in transfer- ring the affairs of the town to the new custodians, impressively commented upon the past history and record of the town, the honor and honesty of its offi- cials and the sacred character of the trust for the peo- ple which had been maintained inviolate since the date of incorporation. There had been no record of the malfeasance of any officer or of the loss of a dol- lar of public money through the dishonesty of any official. The last Board of Selectmen was Timothy Leary, F. Buttrick, T. P. Smith, Charles H. Emerson, Lebbeus S. Foster.

Hon. B. B. Johnson had been elected the first mayor, and he assumed the duties of the office with recognition of the fact that the new system of the Aldermanic Board was, in a measure, experimental, and would be regarded for its successful and practical operation beyond the limits of the municipality. Henry N. Fisher was elected the president of the Board of Aldermen. The city has been conducted so as to commend itself to the citizens, even the most conservative, who strongly opposed such organization.

Hon. Charles F. Stone served as mayor in 1886, and Hon. H. N. Fisher from 1887-90.

Henry N. Fisher was president of the Board of Aldermen from 1885-86, Charles P. Bond from 1887- 88, '90, and Thomas B. Eaton in 1889.

The City Treasurers have been J. C. Thorpe, 1885- 86; E. A. Harrington, 1887-90.

The City Clerk .- L. N. Hall, 1885-90.

The City Auditors .- E. A. Harrington, 1885-86 ; E. J. Sanderson, 1887-90.

City Solicitors .- Thomas H. Armstrong, 1885-88; George L. Mayberry, 1889-90.

The one hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the incorporation of Waltham was celebrated January 16, 1888, under the auspices of the city government and a committee of citizens. The exercises were held in Music Hall, and consisted of an introductory address by His Honor, Mayor Fisher, an historical address, an original poem by Rev. E. N. Hayward, a hymn by W. M. Fullerton, music and singing, and a short ad- dress by His Excellency, Governor Ames. In the even-

ing there was a banquet, at which General Banks presided, and at which speeches were made by prom- inent gentlemen. This banquet was followed by dancing. As the celebration was arranged in a lim- ited time, the preparation of the historical address was referred to a committee of three, each of whom prepared a portion. This rather novel plan of joint authorship worked admirably, and was successfully carried out to a complete composition adapted to the occasion. The committee on historical address were Charles F. Stone, Nathan Warren and Thomas H. Armstrong. It was impressively read by the Hon. F. M. Stone.

The history of Waltham, thus briefly and imper- fectly sketched to the present day, is a part of the history of the Commonwealth and of the progress and development of the country. It is what a free, intel- ligent people have made it, under the blessings of our form of government and the foundations laid by the early fathers. There is no glamour of war, of royal endowments or special privileges in its simple annals. It is no exception to hundreds of other thrifty places throughout the land - in its general prosperity, its industrial progress and its representative charac- ter of American enterprise. Besides its sons and daugh- ters who have remained and contributed to the city's growth many have gone out from its farms and factories, its schools and homes, to the uttermost parts of the earth, have helped build up other States and earned an enviable name for their enterprise and genius. Their fortunes may be linked with other destinies, but their fondest memories go back to the place they once called home.

Waltham has furnished two Governors of Massa- chusetts, Christopher Gore and Nathaniel P. Banks ; one United States Senator, Christopher Gore; a member of Congress for several terms, a Speaker of the National House of Representatives and a Major- General of Volunteers, in the person of N. P. Banks ; five Senators in the Massachusetts Legislature,- Luke Fiske, Gideon Haynes, F. M. Stone, N. P. Banks and David Randall. Its Representatives to the General Court since 1800 have been as follows :

1802, Jonathan Coolidge; 1804, Jonathan Coolidge; 1806-08, Abner Sanderson ; 1809-17, David Townsend ; 1820, David Townsend; 1821-22, Luke Fiske ; 1823, Luke Fiske and ('has. Lyman ; 1824, Isaac Bemis, Jr., and David Townsend ; 1825, Luke Fiske ; 1826, David Townsend ; 1827, David Townsend and Isaac Bemis, Jr .; 1828-30, Jonas Clark ; 1831, Amon Harrington and David Townsend ; 1832, Jonas Clark and John Viles, 1837, David Kendall and Robert Anderson ; 1838, Inke Fiske ; 1839-40. Elisha Crehore ; 1841, Jotas Clarke ; 1842, John Abbott ; 1843-44, John M. Peck; 1849-52, N. P. Banks, Jr .; 1853-54, lloratio Moore; 1856, Samuel O. Upham ; 1856, William P. Childs ; 1857, Horatio Moore ; 1858, James G. Moore ; 1859, Josiah Rutter; 1860, F. M. Stone ; 1861, Daniel French ; 1862, F. M. Stone and Josinh Beard ; 1863, James G. Moore ; 1864-65, F. M. Stone ; 1866-67, Emory W. Lane ; 1868-69, Royal S. War- ren ; 1870, Horatio Moore ; 1871, Thomas Hill ; 1872, W. A. Adams ; 1873, William Roberts ; 1874, W. A. Adams ; 1875, W'm. E. Bright ; 1876, F. M. Stone ; 1877-79, David Randall ; 1880-81, Nathan Warren; 1882, Rufus Warren; 1883, John S. Williams ; 1884, Robt. Treat Paine, Jr .; 1885-86, Erskine Warden ; 1887-88, Erskine Warden and Samuel O. Upham ; 1883, Henry S. Milton ; 1890, Henry S. Milton and Chas. Moore.

In the years omitted the town sent no representative.

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HISTORY OF MIDDLESEX COUNTY, MASSACHUSETTS.

The population of Waltham at different periods has been as follows :

1765, 663; 1783, 689; 1790, 882; 1800, 903; 1810, 1014; 1820, 1677; 1830, 1857; 1840, 2504; 1850, 4464; 1860, 6397; 1865, 6898; 1870, 9065; 1875, 9967; 1880, 11,712 ; 1885, 14,609; 1890, 18,533.

A sketch of Waltham would not be complete with- out special reference to its most eminent citizen, the product of its soil and its thrifty manufacturing life. General Nathaniel Prentice Banks is a loyal son of this, his native town, where he now resides. Born of humble and respectable parentage, connected with the factory life, growing up amidst the busy scenes of the early manufacturing industries of America, ob- taining limited education at the village school, he exemplifies in the highest degree the possibilities of the American youth. Commencing work in the fac- tories when a mere boy, he availed himself of the facilities for self-education, proving himself an apt pupil under adverse circumstances, and early evineed remarkable oratorical powers. In the village lyceum, and in town-meeting, he was able to cope in debate with the strongest opponents. He has always been true to his early instinets, and by his fine personal presence, and his fervid eloquence, he has maintained the dignity of labor. From the time when he was first elected to represent the town in the Legislature, after many unsuccessful trials, to the present day, he has been prominent in public affairs ot the State and nation. In the changing fortunes of political life, in peace and in war, he has maintained the high charac- ter of personal and public honor and integrity. Hon- ored with age and universal respect, he is again serv- ing the people of his district in the National House of Representatives. At home he is the unpretentious citizen, deeply interested in whatever appertains to the welfare of the community.

The growth of Waltham has been steady and con- servative, without spasmodic successes and reverses, and speculative attempts at progress, to be followed by reaction. Improvements are made as suggested by the necessities of the time and by prudent prepa- ration for the future. Taxes are kept within reason- able limit, and the public enterprises are generally carried out with proper consideration of cost and need. A system of drainage has been inaugurated and extended with due regard to the growing require- ments of such work. An improved system of sewer- age to connect with the metropolitan system of Boston and vicinity, under an act of the Legislature, will soon be commenced. With its eligible location, the firm basis of its present manufacturing enterprises, and the inheritance of the past, Waltham may well look forward for a prosperous future as one of the leading manufacturing eities of the Commonwealth.

CHAPTER XLVI.

WALTHAM-(Continued).

MILITARY HISTORY.

BV NATHAN WARREN.

THE original territorial division of Waltham as a part of Watertown was on a military basis and for the purpose of a public defence by arms. The ne- cessity of promptly summoning men together in view of Indian troubles occasioned the division of Water- town into three precinets, each with a military com- pany or train-band. What is now Waltham, as elsewhere stated, was the Middle Precinct, and was assigned to Lieutenant Benjamin Garfield's command. As all the male inhabitants capable of bearing arms were required to be ready for military service at any time, the early history of the town is seen to have been of a semi-military character. The formation of the precinct was in 1691.

It is not a matter of record what part the men of Waltham took as soldiers in the early wars, but douht- less in Queen Anne's War, which raged from 1702 to. 1713, between the colonists on one hand and the French and Indians of Canada on the other, the pre- cinct furnished its share of men. Military titles were very common, and generally used in reference to those who bore them in civil affairs. Probably few were acquired in actual service, but were won in peaceful duty of the annual trainings. Their bestowal and use show, however, the natural military spirit of the people. In March, 1744, Captain Samuel Livermore reported ninety men under his command.

Of enlistments of Waltham men in the Colonial service we find that of Ebenezer Bigelow, in Captain Stephen Richard's company in 1740, and that of Captain John Cutting in 1744, while in 1748 Nathan Morse and John Barnard were serving at Fort Shir- ley. In the old Freuch and Indian War, from 1755 to 1763, in which New England was engaged, from Lake George to Louisbourg, until the final victory of Quebec, the town furnished many men. Ensigu Robert Smith, Lieutenant Ebenezer Brown, Sergeant William Cox, Cornet Jonathan Pierce, Jonas Cutter, John Bean, Phineas Stearns, Joseph Wellington, Thomas Wellington, William Benjamin, Daniel Fisk, Abram Hill, Abijah Brown, Thomas Harring- ton, Isaac Gleason, Josiah Whitney, David Fisk, William Cummings were in the service. In the Crown Point expedition were Abram Gregory and Abijah Gregory. Benjamin Lawrence and Thomas Hammond were also in the service, and in 1737 Cor- poral Jonathan Pierce and Ensign William Liver- more. In Captain Jonathan Brown's company served Josiah Barnard, Isaac Corey, John Whitehead, Nicho- las Lucas, William Cox, David Standly, Timothy Flagg, Abram Sanderson, Lowden Priest, Jonas Steward, William Graves, John Wellington, John

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WALTHAM.

Wellington, Jr., Phineas Stearns, Trueworthy Smith, and Jedediah White.

This war was the school of the Revolution and gave to the returning soldiers of every town and hamlet a knowledge and experience in the art of war, and a military prestige which served well when re- sistance to the mother country became necessary.

When the eventful 19th of April, 1775, came, Wal- tham's company of minute-men was on duty, though not at Lexington. There is no record of the place of service, but the muster-roll tells a story of duty performed by twelve officers and one hundred and nine men, who marched twenty-eight miles and were on duty for three days as follows :

"Company in Waltham Cald out by Colonel Thomas Gardoer on Alarmı in defence of the Liberties of Amarica uoder the Command of Abrahami Peirce, Capt., to Concord and Lexeuton fite and the number of miles traveld and boor our Expenses and these Lins may sartifie that my Company was Keept upon gard till Saterday the 4 day after the fita at Concord.

"Abraham Peirce, Capt., 28 mile, 3 days, 15s. ; Samuel Stearns, Lieut., 28 mile, 3 days, 108. 10d. ; John Clark, 2 Lieut., 28 mile, 3 days, 108. 10d. ; Isaac hagar, Eins., 28 mile, 3 days, 9s. 10d. ; Jadidiah thair, Serg., 28 mile, 3 days, 7s. 04d. ; Elisha Cox, Sørg., 7s. 04d. ; Josiah mixer, Serg., 78. 4d. ; Samuel harrington, Serg., 78. 4d. ; Joshua Swan, Corp., 78 ; John Gleson, Corp., 7s. ; William Cooladg, Corp., 7s. ; Josiah Barnard, Corp. ; Josph hager, guus, Jonas Starns, Samuel Bigelow, Baselah flagg, William Stager, Abijah Biglow, Baniamio harrington, Joshua Garfield, Elijah Livermore, Josiah Hastings, 1 day ; Josiah Brown, 1 day ; Ephrim hammond, timmothy flagg, Northael Bridg, Willian Brig, Benjamin Stratton, Stephen Welosan, Samuel Lovat, wil- liam Brown, Josiah Brown, Eleser Bradshaw, Jouas Smith, Nathan vils, Jonas vils, Lenard Williams, Elishua Starns, Jonathan Starne, Jonathan warren, Edward Garfield, Elisha harrington, Benjamin White, Samuel Gall, guos (Gale), Asra Dench. Andrew Benjamin, Samuel Gall (Gale), Abijah Fisk, Zack Weson, Amos fisk, Jose harrington, William hager, guns, Jonathan hager, Matthias Collins, Benjamin hager, Jonathan dix, John Sims, Cuttin Clark, Ephriam Peirce, Jech B.]], Josiah Connors, micah Bumpo, Isaac Gleeson, amos harrington, oliver haget, Seth Pond, daniel Cutting, Isaac Parkhurst, Joseph Corey, Jonathan Cox, Phinehas Warren, Eliphit Hastings, Peetr Warren, william warren, John Coladg, Eliphit warren, Samuel Guddin, Samuel fuller, Jordg Larrance, Jonas Larrance, Elijah Cutting, Benja Giallop. Elijah tolman, Isaac Child, Ab- ijah Child, Jonas Child, Abram. Beeamis, Abrm Bemis, guner, Jonas Smith, gunr, Josiah Bemis, Ruben Bemis, Isaac Bemis, Abram Child, Elisha Child. Elisha Cuttler, Phinehas warrin, Job Priest, James Priest, John vils, 2 days; Isaac Peirce, 2 days ; Samuel Robards, Phinehas Larrance, Jonas Dix, Esquir, Jonas Dix, Juner, Josiah Whitney, wil- liam willington, Jordg willington, thaddeus willington, 1 day ; Joseph willington, 1 day ; Elijah Larrance, Danlel Starns, Josiah Sanderson, Abnar Sanderson, Jobo Sanderson, Jowah Smith, Abijah Livermore, Joddiah white, Elisha Livermore, Ely Jones, Amos Brown, Joseph Browa, I day ; John Larrance, 1 day ; William Cooledg."

May 13, 1775, the selectmen delivered to the fol- lowing soldiers each a blanket, "they being enlisted in the service of Massachusetts for the Defense of the liberty of America :"

Eliphalet Hastings, Jonas Lawrence, Elijah Cutting, Elisha Cox, Wil- liam Lock, Samuel Roberts, John Glynn, Josiah Converse, Cutting Clark, Abraham Parkhurst, Matthew Peirce, Josiah Bemis, Jr., Daniel Warren, Elijah Mead, Samuel Mullikin, Amos Fiske, Zechariah Weston, Job l'riest, David Smith, Benjamin Gallop, Amos Ilarrington, George Wellington, Micah Bumpo, Jonas Smith, Jr., John Viles, Josiah Lovett, Elisha Harrington, Habakkuk Stearns, Jessa Goodall, Nathan Wright, Assa Gould, Bezaleel Wright, Abijah Fiske, Rufua Stacey, Isaac Bemis, Elisha Stearos, Reuben Betris, Timothy Flagg, Eliphalet Warren, Moses Warren, William Sprague, Thaddeus Child, Andrew Benjamin, John Symine, Edmund Lock.

A company was formed under Captain Abijah 46-iii

Child and attached to the Thirty-seventh Regiment of Foot, commanded by Colonel Thomas Gardner. This regiment was at the battle of Bunker Ilill, where Colonel Gardner was mortally wounded. The other casualties as a regiment are not given in any records of the battle, but it is quite authoritatively known that the Waltham Company was engaged. The mus- ter roll of the company, October 6, 1775, gives the return of Captain Abijah Child's company in the Thirty-seventh Regiment of Foot of the Continental Army, commanded by Lieutenant-Colonel William Bond:

" CAMP AT PROSPECT HILL [SOMERVILLE], October 6, 1775.

" Captain, Abijah Child, Waltham ; Lientenant Joshua Swan, Wal- tham ; Ensign, Jedekiah Thayer, Waltham ; Sergeants, Elisha Cox, Jo- siah Converse, Jonas Smith, Elisha llarrington, Waltham ; Corporals, Isaac Bamiis, David Smith, Waltham ; Drugimer, Benjamin Gallop, Waltham; Privates, Reuben Beniis, Josiah Beavis, Andrew Benjamio, Elijah Cutting, Thaddeus Child, Abijah Child, Jr., Amos Fiska, Abijah Fisk, Tanothy Flagg, Georga Willington, John Glynn, Jonas Lawrence, William Lock, Josiah Lovett (discharged September 20, 1774), Edmund Lock, Elijah Mead, Samuel Mullikin, Matthew Pierce, John Peek, Abram Parkhurst (discharged), Samuel Roberts, William Sprague, Elisha Stearos, Josiah Smith, Habbakuk Stearns, John Vilea, Daniel Warren, Micah Bumpo."

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History of Middlesex County, Massachusetts, with biographical sketches of many of its pioneers and prominent men, Vol. III, Part 169

Author: Hurd, D. Hamilton (Duane Hamilton) ed Publication date: 1890 Publisher: Philadelphia, J. W. Lewis & co Number of Pages: 1278

Author: Hurd, D. Hamilton (Duane Hamilton) ed
Publication date: 1890
Publisher: Philadelphia, J. W. Lewis & co
Number of Pages: 1278