USA > Massachusetts > Middlesex County > Medford > History of the town of Medford, Middlesex County, Massachusetts, from its first settlement, in 1630, to the present time, 1855 > Part 29
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The course of instruction in Tufts College extends through four years, and is, in general, the same as that of other New England colleges. With the regular academical course, however, it is designed to connect other branches, as soon as the academical course shall have been carried into thorough operation. A few students are accommodated, for the pre- sent year, in the college-building ; but the institution will not be regularly opened till about the 1st of September, 1855.
TRUSTEES.
Oliver Dean, M.D., President ; Rev. Thomas Whittemore, Vice- President ; Rev. Otis A. Skinner, A.M., Secretary ; Benjamin B. Mussey, Esq., Treasurer of the College ; Hon. Israel Washburn, jun., Orono, Me .; Rev. Calvin Gardner, Waterville, Me .; Rev. Thomas J. Greenwood, Dover, N.H .; Rev. L. C. Browne, Hud- son, N.Y .; Rev. Eli Ballou, Montpelier, Vt .; Silvanus Packard, Esq., Boston, Mass .; Rev. Hosea Ballou, 2d, D.D., Medford, Mass. ; Timothy Cotting, Esq., Medford, Mass .; Hon. Richard Frothing- ham, jun., Charlestown, Mass .; Phineas T. Barnum, Esq., Bridge- port, Conn. ; Thomas Crane, Esq., New York City ; Charles Rogers, Esq., Philadelphia, Pa.
FACULTY.
President, Hosea Ballou, 2d, D.D., Professor of History and of Intellectual Philosophy ; John P. Marshall, A.M., Professor of Mathematics and of Physical Science ; William P. Drew, A.B., Professor of Ancient Languages and of Classical Literature; Ben- jamin F. Tweed, A.M., Professor of Rhetoric, Logie, and English Literature ; Enoch C. Rolfe, M.D., Professor of Physiology and Hygiene ; , Professor of Moral Science and of Political Economy ; Professor of Modern Languages.
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TUFTS COLLEGE.
ADMISSION TO THE REGULAR COLLEGE COURSE.
Applicants for admission must produce certificates of their good moral character. If they come from other colleges, certificates also of their regular dismission therefrom are required.
For admission to the Freshman Class, an examination must be well sustained in the following studies : -
Latin : Virgil's Bucolics, Georgics, and six books of the ÆEneid ; Cæsar's Commentaries, or Sallust; Cicero's Select Orations (Folsom's or Johnson's edition) ; Andrews's and Stoddard's Latin Grammar, including Prosody ; Arnold's Latin Prose Composition, to the Dative. Greek : Felton's or Jacob's Greek Reader (or four books of Homer's Iliad, with three books of Xenophon's Anabasis) ; Sophocles', Crosby's, or Kühner's Greek Grammar, including Pro- sody ; Arnold's Greek Prose Composition, to the Moods; Writing of Greek Accents. Mathematics : Arithmetic ; Smyth's Algebra, to Equations of the Second Degree. History : Modern Geography; Worcester's Ancient Geogra- phy ; Goodrich's History of the United States.
For admission to an advanced class, an examination must be well sustained, both in these studies and in the studies through which such class shall have already passed.
No person can be admitted after the beginning of the Senior Year.
Examinations for admission will be held on the day after the Commencement, and on the Tuesday preceding the beginning of the Fall Term. The examinations will begin at eight o'clock, A.M., on each of these days.
Before his admission, every candidate must give a bond of $200, with two sureties, to pay all his college bills. To be admitted to an advanced standing, he must also pay, or secure the payment of, one-half of the tuition which shall have accrued in the previous years and terms of the regular course, unless he comes from another college ; provided that, if he be admitted at the beginning of the Senior Year, the tuition of the Junior Year shall be the only arrears required of him.
Partial Courses of Study. - Persons who do not enter for a col- lege degree, and who produce certificates of their good moral cha- racter, may be received to such studies, in any class, as they shall, on examination, be found qualified to pursue with profit; and they may continue therein at their pleasure, on condition of obeying the laws of the college, and paying one-third more than the regular tuition for the time they remain.
COURSE OF STUDY.
FRESHMAN CLASS. - First Term. - Latin : Lincoln's Livy ; Zumpt's Grammar, for reference ; Roman Antiquities ; Arnold's Latin Prose Compo- sition. Greek : Felton's Greek Historians; Grecian Antiquities ; Arnold's Greek Prose Composition. Mathematics : Smyth's Algebra. History : We- ber's Outlines, to the " Macedonian Period ;" Age of Themistocles, Pericles, and Alcibiades, in Smith's History of Greece. Rhetoric : English Grammar ; Elocution ; Murdock and Russell's Orthophony ; Declamations.
Second Term .- Latin : Livy, continued; Lincoln's Horace, Odes and Epodes ;
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HISTORY OF MEDFORD.
Latin Metres ; Latin Prose Composition. Greek : Homer's Odyssey ; Greek Prose Composition. Mathematics : Algebra, continued ; Euclid, five books. History : Weber, continued to the end of " Ancient History ;" Roman Com- monwealth. Natural Theology : Paley's. Rhetoric : English Grammar, and Orthophony, continued ; Themes ; Declamations.
SOPHOMORE CLASS. - First Term. - Latin : Horace's Satires and Epistles ; Cicero de Amicitia; Writing Latin. Greck : Demosthenes' Olinthiacs and Philippics ; Buttmann's and Kühner's Grammars, for reference ; Writing Greck. Mathematics : Euclid, continued ; Smyth's Plane Trigonometry ; Surveying ; Navigation. History : Weber, continued to the end of the " Mid- dle Ages ;" Hallam's Middle Ages. Revealed Religion : Paley's Evidences. Rhetoric : Elocution ; Themes ; Declamations.
Second Term. - Latin : Cicero de Officiis ; Writing Latin." Greek : Aris- tophanes' Clouds ; Greek Metres: Writing Greek. Mathematics : Smyth's Calculus ; Spherical Trigonometry. History : Weber, continued to the " Colo- nization of America ; " Sismondi's Italian Republics ; English Commonwealth. Physiology : Hooker's, with Lectures. Rhetoric : Day's Rhetoric; Elocu- tion ; Themes ; Declamations.
JUNIOR CLASS. - First Term. - Latin : Juvenal's Satires ; Latin Trans- lations. Greck : ÆEschylus' Septem contra Thebas ; Greek Translations. Physics : Olmsted's Mechanics. History : Weber, continued to the " French Revolution ; " French Revolution of 1789. Moral Science : Alexander's. Rhetoric : Themes ; Declamations. Elective Studies. - French : Fasquelle's Exercises ; Saintine's Picciola. Mathematics : Davies's Analytical Geometry. Natural History : Lectures.
Second Term. - Physics : Olmsted's Astronomy. History : Weber, con- cluded. Intellectual Philosophy : Wayland's. Rhetoric: Whately's Logic ; Themes; Original Declamations. Hygiene : Lectures. Elective Studies. - Latin : Tacitus' Germania and Agricola ; Latin Translations. Greek : Thu- cydides ; Greek Translations. French : Collot's Chefs d'Œuvre Drama- tiques. Italian : Ollendorff's Grammar ; La Gerusalemme Liberata. Mathe- matics : Bridge's Conic Sections.
SENIOR CLASS. - First Term. - Physics : Chemistry, with Lectures. Intellectual Philosophy : Wayland's. Political Economy : Wayland's. Rhe- toric : Whately's Logic ; Themes ; Forensics ; Original Declamations. Elec- tive Studies. - Latin : Terence's Andria ; Translations from Greek into Latin. Greek : Sophocles' Antigone ; Translations from Latin into Greek. German : Adler's Ollendorff and Reader. Mathematics : Davis's Linear Perspective.
Second Term. - Physics : Mineralogy and Geology, with Lectures. Poli- tical Economy : Wayland's. Natural and Revealed Religion : Butler's Ana- logy. Rhetoric : Lectures on the English Language and Literature ; Themes ; Declamations. Elective Studies. - Latin : Cicero pro Cluentio. Greek : Demosthenes de Corona. German : Schiller's Thirty Years' War; Gothe's Iphigenia. ,Spanish : Ollendorff's Grammar ; Novelas Españolas. Mathema- tics : Davies's Shades and Shadows.
Public College Exercises. - A public examination of all the classes will' be held, during not less than four days, immediately before the end of each term. There will also be, in each term, a public exhibition ; for which parts will be assigned to members of the Junior and Senior Classes, according to their general scale of merit.
Religious Observances. - All resident under-graduates, resident students in partial courses, and resident officers of instruction, are required to attend morning and evening prayers, and the reading of the Scriptures, in the chapel.
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GRADUATES.
They are also required to attend public worship on Sundays, and on days of the annual Thanksgiving and Fast, at such places as the Faculty may appoint; provided always that the parents or guar- dians may, at the beginning of the college-year, appoint the place of public worship for those who are under age ; and that those who are of age may, at that time, choose the place for themselves, and report it to the Faculty.
A biblical exercise is held every Saturday evening, which thie members of all the classes have the privilege of attending.
Terms, Vacations, and Commencement. -- The academical year is divided into two terms. The first term of the academical year begins six weeks after the second Wednesday of July, and ends on the second Wednesday of January. The second term begins six weeks after the second Wednesday of January, and ends on the second Wednesday of July.
At the end of each term, there is a vacation of six weeks. There are vacations also from the Tuesday evening next before the annual Thanksgiving till the following Monday evening, on Christ- mas Day, on the day of the annual Fast, on Wednesday and Thurs- day of Anniversary Week, and on the Fourth of July.
The public Commencement is held on the second Wednesday of July.
EXPENSES.
Tuition .
$35.00 a year.
Room-rent .
from $10.00 to 15.00
Use of Library
5.00
,,
Board, not including washing and fuel
2.50 a week.
Students, who choose, board themselves.
Students who keep schools may be absent from college, on that duty, for a period not exceeding thirteen weeks, including the win- ter vacation ; they continuing their studies the mean while.
GRADUATES.
List of persons, born in Medford or once resident there, who have received collegiate degrees : -
Thomas Tufts 1701
William Symmes . 1750
Aaron Porter
1708
Edward Brooks 1757
John Tufts
1708
Samuel Angier 1763
Ebenezer Turell
1721
Simon Tufts
1767
Simon Tufts
1724
David Osgood
1771
Ammi R. Cutter
1725
John Bishop 1776
Joshua Tufts
1736
Ephraim Hall 1776
Simon Tufts
1744
Cotton Tufts 1777
William Whitmore
1744
William Woodbridge
1780
Cotton Tufts
1749
George H. Hall 1781
Samuel Brooks
1749
Timothy Bigelow 1786
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IIISTORY OF MEDFORD.
Samuel Angier 1787
George B. Osborn 1820
John Brooks
1787
John Angier 1821
Luther Stearns
1791
Ward C. Brooks 1822
Hall Tufts .
1794
Caleb Stetson . 1822
Abner Bartlett
1799
Charles Angier 1827
Jolın Hosmer
1800
Elijah N. Train 1827
Aaron Hall Putnam
1800
John James Gilchrist 1828
John Pierpont 1803
Joseph Angier 1829
Daniel Swan
1803
Charles V. Bemis 1835
John Brooks 1805
George Clisby . 1836
Joseph Hall
1807
Thomas S. Harlow 1836
William C. Woodbridge 1811
Thompson Kidder 1836
Edward Brooks 1812
Andrew D. Blanchard 1842
David Osgood . 1813
Horace D. Train 1842
Andrew Bigelow
1814
Benjamin L. Swan 1844
Gorham Brooks
1814
Hosea Ballou, 2d 1844
Jonathan Porter 1814
Timothy Bigelow . 1845
John P. Bigelow
1815
Sanford B. Perry . 1845
Convers Francis
1815
James A. Hervey . 1849
Charles Brooks 1816
Albert F. Sawyer 1849
William Ward . 1816
Thomas Meriam Stetson 1849
Sidney Brooks . 1819
George D. Porter 1851
Thomas Savage Clay 1819
Peter C. Brooks 1852
William H. Furness . 1820
Gorham Train . 1852 .
Edward B. Hall
1820
Samuel C. Lawrence 1855
Medford once had eight under-graduates, at the same time, in Harvard College.
PHYSICIANS.
For many years the inhabitants of Medford employed the physicians of the neighboring towns ; and there was small need of medicine where all had simple diet, fresh air, and moderate labor. As early as 1720, two doctors appear in the town records, - Dr. Oliver Noyce and Dr. Ebenezer Nutting. The first died in 1721; and the second is not found in the records but a year or two afterwards. Of these two practi- tioners, not being graduates, nothing has been discovered concerning them.
The name of Dr. John Bishop appears on the tax-bills of 1726-7, and then vanishes.
Dr. Simon Tufts, son of Peter, born in Medford, Jan. 31, 1700, died here, Jan. 31, 1747. He graduated at Harvard College in 1724. He pursued his medical studies under all the advantages which nearness to Boston could give, and be- came distinguished in his profession. He is called doctor in
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PHYSICIANS. 303
the town records, May, 1724. The college at that time had not commenced the giving of medical degrees. He is called " the first physician of Medford." During a short residence with his townsman and relative, Rev. John Tufts, at New- bury, he connected himself with the church there, and was recommended by that church to the one in Medford, May, 1734.
To show how much he labored, how well he succeeded, and how truly he was loved, we quote here the following brief and discriminating notice of him which appeared in the public papers immediately after his death : -
" MEDFORD, Feb. 5, 1747.
"On the 31st of January, died here, of a convulsive asthma, and this day was decently buried, Simon Tufts, Esq., having just com- pleted his forty-seventh year. He was a gentleman well descended and liberally educated. He was the youngest son of Captain Peter Tufts, of this town, by his second wife, who was daughter of the Rev. Seaborn Cotton, of Hampton. He took his degrees at Harvard College in the years 1724 and 1727. He early applied himself to the study of physic, and soon became eminent in that profession. He was honored with three commissions, - one for the peace, in the year 1733; another for a special justice, in 1741; and a third for justice of the quorum, 1743 ; and was very faithful and useful in these offices. He was a man of substantial religion, and exhibited the virtues of the Christian in all relations, stations, and conditions. The removal of such an excellent person (in these degenerate times' calls for lamentation and supplication. Psalm xii. 1 : 'Help, Lord for the godly man ceaseth; for the faithful fail from among the children of men.' He has left a sorrowful widow, and seven chil dren, - four sons, and three daughters."
One hundred and eight years having passed since hi death, little more can now be collected concerning him They who knew him testify that his practice was very exten sive, - reaching even to Haverhill and Newbury; that h enjoyed the respect and affection of all who knew him; tha the country mourned his loss ; and that funeral sermons wer preached at Medford, Boston, Charlestown, and Cambridge He was often called to visit the sick at Harvard College ; and though not rich himself, never demanded fees except fror rich students. It is indicative of the industry and econom of that age, that, while his oldest son, Simon, was at college his father placed him in the family of Mr. Foxcraft, th County Register of Deeds, that he might pay for his boal by writing in the office.
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HISTORY OF MEDFORD.
Dr. John Thomas was a medical student under his care, and, at the commencement of the Revolution, commanded at Dorchester Heights, and afterwards at Ticonderoga, where he died of the smallpox.
The following lines were from the pen of his son, Dr. Cotton Tufts, of Weymouth : -
" Upon the death of my honored father, Simon Tufts, Esq., who died suddenly, Jan. 31, 1747, in the evening."
" Death seized, and snatched my tender father hence, To live enthroned in happiness immense. Religion, grace, and truth possessed his soul ; And heaven-born love he breathed from pole to pole. His grateful country owned his signal worth,
And gave him public life in civil birth.
A friend to all mankind ; true to every cause, Where bound by virtue or his country's laws. Sweet peace he loved, and peace he oft prolonged When jarring parties wished themselves revenged. To vice, the wretch would tell his just disdain : He ne'er the sword of justice held in vain. The poor he fed ; their wants he oft supplied : The rich and poor, for health, on him relicd. The church and public spread around his grave Tears : these could ne'er their friend and patron save. Had tears from this event the husband dear, The best of fathers, friend, relation near, Detained, he still had blessed our loving sight, Nor had we seen the sorrows of that night. Methinks I hear some blissful seraph say : - ' Mark well, my friend, the strait, the shining way : THAT is the path thy Christian neighbor trod, - The path that ends in happiness and God.'"
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Rev. Dr. Colman, of Boston, in his sermon, preached at Medford, April 6, 1735, after the death of his daughter, Mrs. Jane Turell, speaks thus of Dr. Tufts : "I leave a grateful record of my particular obligation to the pious and beloved physician of the town, who, to and even beyond his power, has always ministered gratis to the pastor and his family. The Lord show kindness to the house of his ser- vant ! "
1725, he built the house, which yet stands, on the south- east corner of Forest and Main Streets, in the market, front- ing the bridge ; and it well represents the second style of building adopted by our ancestors.
Simon Jefts
305
PHYSICIANS.
Two sons of Dr. Tufts, Simon and Cotton, studied medi- cine. Simon, the eldest, finished his three years of prepara- tion with his father just before that father's death. The inhabitants of Medford were anxious to have this promising young man become their physician, and invited him to the office ; which he accepted. Entering upon his practice with confidence and reputation given in advance, as if his father had bequeathed to him his knowledge and experience, he had only to answer the expectations of his friends. He did this, and more. He was born Jan. 16, 1727, and graduated at Harvard College in 1744. At his father's death he had not attained his majority. The care of his mother and her six children devolved, in great measure, on him. Encouraged by friends at home, and having the promise of aid in his medical practice from Dr. Brattle, of Cambridge, he took courage. His mild yet truthful character commanded the respect, while it won the affection, of all. His classmates considered him a ripe Latin scholar, and a boon companion. He had the talent of agreeableness. He received from his father the old-fashioned habits of urbanity, which he observed with a sort of religious strictness. No one passed him unno- ticed. It was his custom to lift his hat to each one he met, no matter what the age or color. It was said he wore out two hats where other gentlemen wore out one. His example was so attractive and so uniform that he moulded the man- ners of the town. It was in this school that his pupil, John Brooks, caught the last finish of dignity and grace for which he was signalized. Aug. 30, 1770, he received from the king the commission of justice of the peace, signed by Go- vernor Hutchinson.
Dr. Tufts had the entire practice of Medford, and was frequently called into the neighboring towns, When the question of Independence came up, he took side for it with warmth, and devoted himself to the wounded soldiers, who were brought here after the battle of Bunker Hill. He was the most intimate friend of Colonel Royal, who appointed him the sole agent of his large estate ; and it was by the skilful and manly conduct of Dr. Tufts that the confiscation of the colonel's property was deferred. In municipal affairs he took a lively interest, and served the town in some important offices, notwithstanding his professional engagements. When quite a young man, November, 1745, he made his public pro- fession of Christianity, and lived consistently therewith. In
39
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HISTORY OF MEDFORD.
his speculative opinions, he inclined to what was then called Arminianism. He was so interested in the virtuous character and thirst for knowledge of young John Brooks that he almost adopted him as a son. He took his pupil under a written indenture, as an apprentice for seven years, to learn the science and practice of medicine ; and the teacher was as faithful as the pupil was ambitious. He put him to a classical school, took him into his family, directed his studies in medi- cine, and at length invited him to Medford, and resigned to him his practice. To show the standing which Dr. Tufts had as a scholar, we need only mention that he was one of the first in the State who felt the need of a medical society ; and he was called to the first meeting for consummating the plan, which meeting took place on the third Monday in March, 1765, at Gardner's tavern, on Boston Neck. Of those who have been members of that distinguished society, Dr. Tufts's name stands the second, in the order of time, on the college catalogue. A fall from his horse brought on bleeding of the lungs ; and he died Dec. 31, 1786, aged sixty, leaving a property of £2,676. 1s. 3d.
On the tombstone of these two physicians we read the following : "Both eminent in their profession ; just towards man, and devout towards God."
It is worthy of record, that one medical pupil of the father, and another medical pupil of the son, became distinguished officers in the revolutionary army.
Dr. Cotton Tufts, born 1732, brother of the above, gra- duated at Harvard College 1749; studied medicine with his brother ; settled in Weymouth ; became the chosen friend and agent of Hon. John Adams; was elected member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences ; a vice-president and president of the Massachusetts Medical Society. He died in 1815, revered for his Christian piety, beloved for his extensive usefulness, and admired for his common sense.
Dr. Aaron Putnam, who married Rebecca Hall, daughter of Aaron Hall, of Medford, May 9, 1780, lived in this town ten years ; but his medical practice was so limited that he removed to Charlestown, and formed a partnership with Messrs. Morse and Woodbridge, in the baking business. In this he was not successful. He died in Charlestown.
Dr. John Brooks had not the advantages of a collegiate education ; but this fact stimulated him to make up for it by extraordinary application. The consequence was, a self-made
307
PHYSICIANS.
man of the highest type. After completing his medical studies with Dr. Tufts, he settled in Reading, and went thence to the army. After the Revolution, the people of Medford called him, as by acclamation, to become their phy- sician. He accepted ; and here through a long life he had no competitor, and witnessed only an increase of business and popularity. It was common for him to ride, in his practice, as far as Andover, Lynn, Watertown, and Boston. He re- ceived the honorary degree of master of arts, in 1787, from Harvard and Yale Colleges. From Harvard he received the degree of doctor of medicine in 1810, and that of doctor of laws in 1817.
Dr. Luther Stearns, who came to Medford as a teacher, occasionally practised as a physician ; but his duties to his school presented obstacles to his wide employment in medi- cal duties, and he finally relinquished the profession. His very acute sensibilities must have made him most acceptable in a sick-chamber ; while in surgical cases they may have been a hinderance. On the election of Dr. Brooks to the office of governor, he resigned his medical practice to his pupil and friend, -
Dr. Daniel Swan, of Medford, - who graduated at Harvard College in 1803. He first entered on practice at Brighton, in 1808, where for eight years he had all the success he an- ticipated. He was invited by the inhabitants of Medford, in 1816, to become their physician ; and, having obeyed the call, he has practised nearly forty years as the established physician of the place. Very early he turned his attention to homco- pathy ; and, as soon as he could procure the books to examine it scientifically, he became a convert to its principles. His practice did not much diminish on this account ; and he may be said almost to have carried the town with him to his new faith. He thinks his success has been much greater under the new system. As he has withdrawn from general practice on account of age, it would seem affectation to suppress here what is every day repeated in the street, -namely, that every- body respects and loves him, and calls him the "good Samaritan." A graphic writer says of him in print, " His beneficent career is so interwoven with each thread of his ex- istence, that it will be impossible to do him justice until the dead rise and give their account."
Dr. David Osgood (H.C. 1813), born in Medford, selected Boston as his home; and, first as an allopathic, and then
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HISTORY OF MEDFORD.
(after a visit to Dr. Hahnemann in Europe) as a homeopathic practitioner, has held a high rank. He is a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society.
Dr. Samuel Gregg, born in New Boston, N.H., came to Medford and commenced practice in 1826, and for fourteen years pursued the allopathic system of cure. By a visit to Dr. Vandenburg, in New York, he became acquainted with the homeopathic system, and has since used none other. For the last few years he has been a most successful practi- tioner in Boston, where he has resided.
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