USA > Massachusetts > Suffolk County > Boston > St. Botolph's town; an account of old Boston in colonial days > Part 18
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" Here's a health to all those that we love, Here's a health to all those that love us ; Here's a health to all those that love them that love those That love them that love those that love us."
Events in the mother country were now ta- king place, however, which were bound to make Massachusetts people hate the royal governor, no matter how engaging that functionary might be in his private capacity. Charles Townshend had been made first Lord of Trade in England and secretary of the colonies. He proposed to grasp and execute absolute power of taxation. Whereupon George Grenville came to the front and planned a colonial stamp act designed to pay the expenses of the British army! Nat- urally the colonists protested. Yet it was not
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so much, now or at any time, unwillingness to pay their part of England's current expenses as unwillingness to help support a government in which they were not represented that we should see in ensuing events. "It was not the taxation of the Stamp Act that alarmed them, but the principle involved in it."
In this "strike " of the Bostonians as in many a strike since there were - unfortu- nately - outbreaks of mob violence as well as calm and effective opposition. And the very men who condemned unlawful measures were credited, just as they often are to-day in sim- ilar circumstances, with " standing for " the particular measure involved. Hutchinson fa- voured neither the Stamp Act nor the Sugar Act. He believed that the government, whose loyal servant he tried faithfully to be, was making a great mistake in instituting such measures in the colonies. But he regarded with the utmost horror what he saw to be a growing tendency towards revolt from the mother- country. His whole attitude in this matter is expressed in a quotation which he selected as the title-page motto of his " History of the Revolt of the Colonies: "I have nourished children and brought them up and even they have revolted from me " (Isaiah). In other
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words he was a Loyalist in every drop of his blood.
Nobody, however, except Samuel Adams, looked with favour upon revolt at this stage of the game. What Otis and Franklin desired was Parliamentary representation for the colo- nies. But the redoubtable Adams had for twenty years been thinking along revolutionary lines. When he was graduated from Harvard he had taken for the subject of his master's thesis the question, " Whether it Be lawful to Resist the Supreme Magistrate, if the Com- monwealth Cannot Otherwise Be Preserved? " and from this beginning he had followed a methodical scheme of advance in pursuance of which such men as Otis, John Adams, Dr. Jo- seph Warren and John Hancock were enlisted as his co-workers.
Hutchinson had had the misfortune to re- ceive an office which James Otis had wished given to his father and he never recovered from the idea that all the Otis opposition was based upon personal resentment. Otis, on the other hand, was firmly persuaded that Hutch- inson was a rapacious seeker of power and so failed, on his part, to do justice to a strong and commanding personality glad of much work to do because conscious of ability to do
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it. That the brilliant young orator had a great principle on his side when he asserted, again and again, that judicial and executive power should not be invested in the same person we of to-day clearly recognize. But Montesquieu's doctrines are now well-established where he was then an author known in America only to Otis and a few choice others. So, though Hutchinson was conscious of no offence in ful- filling at one and the same time the functions of lieutenant-governor, president of the Coun- cil, chief justice and judge of probate, Otis could and did make capital out of his Pooh- Bah-like personality. The result was that poor Hutchinson, as we shall see, had to pay very dearly for his honours.
The hated Stamp Act received the king's sanction March 22, 1765, and the news of it arrived in Boston on the twenty-sixth of the following May. The act was not to be opera- tive until the following November, however, so the people had five months in which to resent its enaction and plan their modes of resistance. The office of distributor of stamps was accepted by Andrew Oliver; he was promptly hung in effigy from the branches of the Liberty Tree. Later, on that memorable fourteenth of Au- gust, the effigy was burned in view of Mr. Oli-
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ver's residence and he himself was set upon by the crowd. The next day he resigned. It began to be seen that there would be no great demand for the stamps. Yet business could not go legally on without them. Vessels could not enter or go out of a harbour without stamped papers, colleges could not grant their degrees, marriages could not be made legal, and newspapers and almanacs would require this " mark of slavery " ere they could cir- culate undisturbed.
While feeling was at fever heat a sermon preached against violence was interpreted by a half-drunken mob, who seem to have heard only rumours of it, as urging people forcibly to resent the Stamp Act. And then there fol- lowed what is, without exception, the most dis- graceful scene in Boston's history, the out- rageous pillaging of an official's house by a mob frenzied with liquor. The story as told by the victim in his Autobiography is not a bit too prejudiced to be reproduced as narra- tive here:
" To Richard Jackson
" BOSTON, Aug. 30, 1765.
" MY DEAR SIR, - I came from my house at Milton, the 26th in the morning. After dinner
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it was whispered in town there would be a mob at night, and that Paxton, Hallowell, the cus- tom-house, and admiralty officers' houses would be attacked; but my friends assured me that the rabble were satisfied with the insult I had received and that I was become rather popular. In the evening, whilst I was at sup- per and my children round me, somebody ran in and said the mob were coming. I directed my children to fly to a secure place and shut up my house as I had done before, intending not to quit it; but my eldest daughter repented her leaving me, hastened back, and protested she would not quit the house unless I did. I couldn't stand against this and withdrew, with her, to a neighboring house, where I had been but a few minutes before the hellish crew fell upon my house with the rage of devils and in a moment with axes split down the doors and entered. My son, being in the great entry, heard them cry: 'Damn him, he is upstairs, we'll have him.' Some ran immediately as high as the top of the house, others filled the rooms below and cellars, and others remained without the house to be employed there.
" Messages soon came, one after another to the house where I was, to inform me the mob were coming in pursuit of me, and I was
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obliged to retire through yards and gardens to a house more remote where I remained until four o'clock by which time one of the best fin- ished houses in the Province had nothing re- maining but the bare walls and floors. Not contented with tearing off all the wainscot and hangings, and splitting the doors to pieces, they beat down the partition walls; and though that alone cost them near two hours they cut down the cupola or lanthorn, and they began to take the slate and boards from the roof, and were prevented only by the approaching daylight from a total demolition of the building. The garden-house was laid flat and all my trees etc broke down to the ground.
" Such ruin was never seen in America. Be- sides my plate and family pictures, household furniture of every kind, my own my children's and servants' apparel, they carried off about £900 in money, and emptied the house of every- thing whatsoever, except a part of the kitchen furniture, not leaving a single book or paper in it, and have scattered and destroyed all the manuscripts and other papers I had been col- lecting for thirty years together, besides a great number of public papers in my custody.
" The evening being warm I had undressed me and put on a thin camlet surtout over my
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waistcoat. The next morning, the weather be- ing changed, I had not clothes enough in my possession to defend me from the cold, and was obliged to borrow from my friends. Many articles of clothing and a good deal of my plate have since been picked up in different quarters of the town, but the furniture in general was cut to pieces before it was thrown out of the house, and most of the beds cut open and the feathers thrown out of the windows. The next evening I intended with my children to Milton, but meeting two or three small parties of the ruffians, who I suppose had concealed them- selves in the country, and my coachman hear- ing one of them say, ' There he is! ' my daugh- ters were terrified and said they should never be safe, and I was forced to shelter them that night at the Castle.
" The encouragers of the first mob never intended matters should go this length, and the people in general expressed the utmost detes- tation of this unparalleled outrage, and I wish they could be convinced what infinite hazard there is of the most terrible consequence from such demons, when they are let loose in a gov- ernment where there is not constant authority at hand sufficient to suppress them. I am told the government here will make me a compen-
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sation for my own and my family's loss, which I think cannot be much less than £3000 sterling. I am not sure that they will. If they should not it will be too heavy for me, and I must humbly apply to his majesty in whose service I am a sufferer; but this and a much greater sum would be an insufficient compensation for the constant distress and anxiety of mind I have felt for some time past and must feel for months to come. You cannot conceive the wretched state we are in. Such is the resent- ment of the people against the Stamp Duty, that there can be no dependence upon the Gen- eral Court to take any steps to enforce, or rather advise to the payment of it. On the other hand, such will be the effects of not sub- mitting to it, that all trade must cease, all courts fall, and all authority be at an end. .. . "
The picture made in court, the day following the riot, by the stripped Chief Justice was a very pathetic one if we may trust the Diary of Josiah Quincy. The persecuted king's of- ficer, clad in tattered and insufficient garments, then protested in language which can leave no doubt as to his sincerity, " I call my Maker to witness that I never, in New England or Old, in Great Britain or America, neither directly
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nor indirectly was aiding assisting or support- ing, - in the least promoting or encouraging, - what is commonly called the Stamp Act; but, on the contrary, did all in my power and strove as much as in me lay to prevent it."
The mob violence visited upon Hutchinson was, of course, abhorred by Adams and by the soberer inhabitants generally. At a meeting held in Faneuil Hall a unanimous vote was passed calling upon the selectmen to suppress such disorders in the future. Hutchinson, how- ever, states grimly that many of the immedi- ate actors in the orgies of the night before were present at this meeting! The Stamp Act itself was, of course, roundly denounced on this occa- sion, notable as one of the first through which this fine old landmark came to be identified with the cause of liberty. The original building given by Peter Faneuil in 1740 to be a market- house and town-hall had burned in 1761, but the edifice had been rebuilt the following year, and it was, therefore, in the hall substantially
as we know it to-day (though the place was enlarged in 1805), that Liberty first found it- self. The beautiful mansion-house of the hall's donor stood on what is now Tremont street, opposite the King's Chapel Burial-ground.
As was to be expected no stamps were sold
PETER FANEUIL'S HOUSE
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when November first dawned. The ports were closed, vessels could not sail, business was suspended. The news of all this naturally penetrated speedily to England, where Pitt soon stood up in Parliament and declared that he " rejoiced that America had resisted." In May accordingly there came to Boston news of the Act's repeal and every one was so glad of this tidings that no attention was paid to the Declaratory Act accompanying the revocation, an act of enormous importance, however, in that it maintained the Supremacy of Parlia- ment in all cases whatsoever not only in the matter of taxation but in that of legislation in general. It was in the train of this permissory measure that there followed the first steps of active revolution. For Samuel Adams had now been joined in the Assembly by John Hancock (who, through the death of his uncle, had just come into the largest property in the Province, and was beginning to visit with particular as- siduity the daughter of Edmund Quincy, now a blooming girl of nineteen). Confronting these distinguished " patriots," as they soon came to be called, were Bernard, Hutchinson and the Olivers, henceforward widely branded by their enemies as " Tories."
From this time on the influence of the chief
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town in the province grows, day by day, to be more and more important. In a speech deliv- ered in Parliament by Colonel Barré, one of the staunch friends of Massachusetts, the Bostoni- ans were characterized as " Sons of Liberty," and this name was soon adopted by a society comprising about three hundred active patri- ots, many of whom were mechanics and labour- ing men. The public gatherings of the society were held in the open space around the Liberty Tree, and Samuel Adams was the leading spirit of all that went on there and in the private ses- sions of the club. Both he and Otis encouraged the people to celebrations on anniversary days of significance in the development of the Revo- lutionary idea, and at these gatherings and the dinners which followed them Bernard and his colleagues were invariably stigmatized as ca- lumniators of North America and now and then pronounced worthy of " strong halters, firm blocks and sharp axes."
The people now saw clearly that they had really gained nothing by the repeal of the Stamp Act inasmuch as this hated measure had only given place to Townshend's Bill, so-called, a measure levying duty on glass, paper, paint- ers' colours and tea. In the excitement fol- lowing the announcement of this bill's passage
SAMUEL ADAMS
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Governor Bernard returned to England and the duties of his office were assumed by his lieutenant-governor, Hutchinson, - the great- great-grandson of that strong-minded woman whom Massachusetts had cast out a century and a quarter earlier, and who was himself des- tined to be cast out, also. The manner of his expulsion and the violent scenes of which it was a part belongs properly to the revolution- ary period of Boston's history, however, rather than to this present volume. We may well enough, therefore, close our book with an order sent by Hutchinson to his London tailor for clothes which he very likely had by him and often wore in the troublous times of the Mas- sacre and the Tea-Party: " October 6, 1769. To Mr. Peter Leitch: I desire to have you send me a blue cloth waistcoat trimmed with the same colour, lined, the skirts and facings with effigeen, and the body linnen to match the last blue cloath I had from you: - two under waistcoats or camisols of warm swansdown, without sleeves, faced with some cheap silk or shagg. A suit of Cloathes full-trimmed, the cloath something like the enclosed only more of a gray mixture, gold button and hole, but little wadding lined with effigeen. I like a wrought or flowered or embroidered hole,
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something, though not exactly, like the hole upon the cloaths of which the pattern is en- closed; or, if frogs are worn, I think they look well on the coat; but if it be quite irregular I would have neither one nor the other, but such a hole and button as are worn. I know a laced coat is more the mode but this is too gay for me. A pair of worsted breeches to match the colour, and a pair of black velvet breeches and breeches with leather linings. Let them come by the first ship. . ."
Hutchinson, though fifty-nine, and the head of a contumacious people, evidently had a care to his personal appearance! In other words he possessed the most important qualification of a royal governor in the Brocade Age.
THE END.
INDEX
Adams, Brooks, 165. Adams, Charles Francis, 61.
Adams, John, 340.
Adams, Samuel, 349, 357, 358. Addington, Joshua, 190.
Adrianople, 122. Albermarle, Duke of, 195, 196. Amsden, Jacob, 271.
Andros, Sir Edmund, 178, 179, 182, 184, 185, 187, 191, 192, 300.
Annesley, Rev. Samuel, 141, 160, 261. Appleton, William, 61. Austin, Ann, 122.
Bancroft, George, 61. Barré, Colonel, 358. Barrington, Lord, 336.
Belcher, Jonathan, 283, 307, 311. Bellingham, Richard, 123, 265. Bellomont, Earl of, 152, 284, 291, 292. Bennett, 314.
Bernard, Sir Francis, 336-347, 359. Blackstone, William, 8, 9, 38, 39, 40, 295. Boston Common, 295, 314. - Boylston, Dr. Zabdiel, 301. Bradford, Gov., 8, 10, 50. Bradstreet, Simon, 135, 137, 145, 175, 189, 258, 262. Brattle Street Church, 300, 301. Brattle, Thomas, 300.
Brewster, Margaret, 125, 127, 128.
Brimmer, Martin, 61.
British Coffee House, 316.
Broeker, William, 247.
Browne, Kellam, 15.
Browne, William, 190.
Bunch of Grapes Tavern, 303, 334.
Buckingham, 6, 7.
Buffum, Joshua, 132.
Bullivant, Dr., 152, 188.
Burgess, Col. Elisha, 296.
Burgoyne, General, 331.
Burnet, William, 303, 305, 306, 334. Burroughs, Franeis, 144. Byles, Rev. Mather, 303, 307. Bynner, Edwin L., 45, 288.
Cabot, John, 2. Cabot, Sebastian, 2. Calvin, John, 57. Cambridge Agreement, The, 13, 14, 15. Campbell, John, 246, 247. Carlyle, Thomas, 41.
Castle Island, 344. Chamberlain, Rev. N. H., 265. Champlain, 91.
Charles I, 12. Charles II, 85, 134, 174.
Charlestown, 37. 52, 206.
Cheever, Ezekiel, 167, 168.
Chesterfield, Earl of, 312.
Chichester, William, 124.
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362
Index
Christ Church, 328. Coddington, 117. Colbron, William, 15. Colman, Benjamin, 301. Columbus, Christopher, 2. Conant, Roger, 11. Cooke, Elisha, 190. Copeland, John, 136. Copley, John Singleton, 316. Cotton, Rev. John, 40, 41, 43, 55, 67, 95, 111, 112, 113, 115, 116, 117, 121, 134, 137, 165. Cotton, Rowland, 56.
Coventry, 257.
Cradock, Matthew, 12, 13.
Cromwell, Captain, 105. Cromwell, Oliver, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82. Cromwell, Richard, 82, 84, 85. Cutler, Dr. Timothy, 328.
Danforth, Thomas, 190. Dankers, Jasper, 138. D'Aulnay Charnissay, 89, 92, 94, 95, 100, 102, 103, 104.
Daye, Stephen, 223. Defoe, Daniel, 141.
De Monts, 91. Dennison, Mrs. Dorothy, 275- 281.
Dennison, William, 275. De Razilly, Claude, 92.
Dorset, Earl of, 58. Douglas, Dr. William, 302. Drew, John, 331.
Dudley, Joseph, 144, 173, 175, 177, 178, 192, 230, 232, 292, 294, 301. Dudley, Paul, 265, 267, 268. Dudley, Thomas, 15, 17, 48, 49, 56, 63, 73, 110. Dummer, William, 256, 302, 308. Dunster, Elizabeth, 222. Dunster, Henry, 120, 207, 222, 223. " Dunster's Rules," 208-213. Dunton, John, 138-164. Dyer, G., 299.
Dyer, Mary, 128.
Edwards, Rev. Jonathan, 309. Eliot, Rev. John, 161, 171. Ellis, George E., 304. Elizabeth, Queen of England, 6. Endicott, Gov., 11, 12, 35, 72, 99, 129, 130, 178. Essex, Earl of, 6. Everett, Edward, 59, 61.
Fairweather, Captain, 191.
Faneuil Hall, 356.
Faneuil, Peter, 356.
Fisher, Mary, 122, 123, 125.
Fort Lomeron, 92.
Fort La Tour, 92. Fort Sewall, 317.
Foster, John, 190.
Fountain Inn, 316.
Fox, George, 136, 137.
Frankland, Sir Charles Harry, 311-333. Frankland, Sir Thomas, 312, 319.
Franklin, Benjamin, 233, 238, 240, 251. Franklin, James, 247, 251
Franklin, Josiah, 237, 240, 254.
Frothingham, Langdon, 61. Frothingham's "History of Charlestown," 39.
Gallop, John, 47. Gedney, Bartholomew, 190. George I, 273. George III, 338. Gibbons, Capt. Edward, 89, 103.
Gilman, Arthur, 306.
Glover, Rev. Joseph, 222. Goffe, Deputy, 13. Goodwin, John, 198. Gorges, Sir Ferdinando, 1, 6, 7, 11. Gorges, Robert, 1, 8, 38, 174. Governor's Island, 90, 158. Grand Vizier, 122.
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Index
Gray, John Chipman, 61. Green Dragon Tavern, 273. Green, Samuel, 152. Greenough, Thomas, 325. Greenwich, 6, 7. Grenville, George, 347. Gridley, Jeremiah, 341. Groton, Eng., 24.
Hale, Rev. Edward Everett, 272. Hallam's "History of Eng- land," 77. Hancock, Dorothy, 326, 357.
Hancock, John, 349, 357. Harvard College, 120, 140, 151, 186, 205-232, 318. Harvard, Rev. John, 159, 206. Haugh, Atherton, 263. Hawthorne, Nathaniel, 41, 43, 45, 115, 122, 259, 286. Haynes, John, 63. Hemans, Mrs., 108.
Henry, Patrick, 344. Higgins, Mrs. Napier, 344. Hollis street church, 307. Holyoke, Rev. Edward, 318. Hopkinton (Mass.), 320. Hull, Capt. John, 234, 258, 262. Humfry, John, 15, 52. Hutchinson, Anne, 68, 110, 111, 114, 117, 118.
Hutchinson, Thomas, 152, 198, 308, 336, 337, 338, 339, 348, 349, 350, 359. Hutchinson, William, 112.
Indian Meeting-House, 270. Ingelow, Jean, 44. " Ipswich letter," 99.
Jackson, Richard, 351. Jamaica Pond, 346. James I, 7, 65. James II, 185, 187, 195. Jekyl, John, 311. Johnson, Lady Arbella, 34, 38.
Johnson, Isaac, 15.
Kidd, Captain, 291. King's Chapel, 184, 292, 310, 311. Knight, Madame, 138.
Lafayette, 64. La Tour, Charles, 89-107. Laud, Archbishop, 13, 66, 182. Lawrence, Abbott, 61. Lawrence, Col. T. B., 62.
Leitch, Peter, 359. Leverett, John, 127, 137, 230. Ley, Lord James, 69, 70.
Liberty Tree, 339, 350, 358.
Lincoln, Countess of, 35, 48. Lodge, Henry Cabot, 176. Long Island Historical Society, 139. Lowell, John Amory, 61. Ludlow, Roger, 51. Lynde, Benjamin, 308.
Marbury, Francis, 111. Mather, Rev. Cotton, 38, 151, 167, 168, 170, 171, 185, 192, 197, 200, 201, 202, 205, 228, 270, 301, 302.
Mather, Rev. Increase, 151, 166, 167, 168, 185, 192, 196, 205, 222, 224, 227, 261, 274, 297, 302. Mather, Rev. Richard, 165. Maverick, Samuel, 8, 70. Medford, 12. Merry Mount, 10.
Molesworth, Captain Pon-
sonby, 334. Monk, George, 152.
Monk, Gen. George, 85. Moody, Rev. Joshua, 152.
Morgan, James, 152, 157. Morrell, Rev. William, 8, 9.
Navigation Act, 338. Nason, Rev. Elias, 312. " New England Courant," 247, 251.
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Index
Norton, Rev. John, 133, 134, 135, 137, 183. Norton, Thomas, 9, 10, 11. Newbury, 258. Nicholson, Francis, 301. Noddle's Island, 70. Nowell Increase, 15.
Oakes, President, 170. " Old Feather Store," 235. Old Granary Burying Ground, 282.
" Old New England Churches," 127, 183, 282. " Old New England Inns," 22, 69, 125, 138, 150, 307, 333. " Old New England Roof- Trees," 197, 324. Old South Church, 127, 177, 183, 202, 259. Oliver, Andrew, 350. Otis, James, 338, 349. Otway's "Orphan," 316.
Paddock, Major Adino, 296. Parkman, Francis, 94.
Partridge, Lieut .- Gov. iam, 309. Paxton, Charles, 338, 339.
Will-
Pepys, Samuel, 87, 255.
Peters, Hugh, 63, 116.
Phillips, Col., 173.
Phillips, Jonathan, 61. Phips, Lady, 201, 285.
Phips, Sir William, 193, 195, 196, 203. Phipps, Hon. Spencer, 308.
Pitt, William, 357.
Plymouth, Mass., 7.
Pontgravé. 91.
Pope, 290. Popham, Sir John, 7. Port Royal, 91, 93, 94, 101, 102, 106, 196. Poutrincourt, 91.
Pownall, Governor, 334, 335, 341. Pratt House, Chelsea, 186. Price, Rev. Roger, 321.
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Province House, 285, 287, 288, 344, 345. Pynchon, William, 15, 17.
Quakers, 122, 124, 125, 129, 133, 134, 135, 136, 147. Queen Anne, 272, 294. Quincy, Dorothy, 326, 357. Quincy, Edmund, 308, 326, 357. Quincy, Josiah, 208, 355.
Raleigh, Sir Walter, 1, 6. Randolph, Edward, 173, 174, 182.
Ratcliffe, Rev. Robert, 158, 184.
Remington, Judge, 310.
Richards, John, 190. Robinson, William, 128.
Royal Exchange, 333.
Ryece, Robert, 27.
St. John, N. B., 92. Salem, 11.
Salter, Thomas, 302. Saltonstall, Richard, 15, 17, 134. Scudder, Horace E., 314.
Sergeant, Peter, 190, 285.
Sewall, Joseph, 258. Sewall, Henry, 257. Sewall, Samuel, 171, 177, 178, 180, 183, 187, 201, 202, 229, 255-282. Sewall's Diary, 125, 138, 167, 173, 176, 182, 183, 225, 228, 230.
Sewel, 123, 135. Sharpe, Thomas, 15. Shattock, Samuel, 132. Shawmut, 9, 38.
Sheafe, Susanna, 334.
Shelter Island, 132. Shirley, William, 311, 312. Shrimpton, Samuel, 190. Shute, Col. Samuel, 296. Sluyter, Peter, 138. Smith, John, 1, 4.
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Index
" Sons of Liberty," 358. Southwick, Cassandra, 128, 129, 132. Southwick, Daniel, 129, 132. Southwick, Josiah, 128, 129. Southwick, Lawrence, 128, 129, 132. Southwick, Provided, 129, 132. Sparks, Jared, 61. Stamp Act, 348, 349, 350, 355, 356, 357. Standish, Miles, 1. Steele, Sir Richard, 293. Stepney, 269. Stevenson, Marmaduke, 128.
Stevenson, Robert Louis, 195. Stoughton, William, 144, 190, 193, 201, 202, 203, 264, 292. Stoughton, Israel, 51. Strafford, Earl of, 13, 76.
Sugar Act, 338.
Surriage, Agnes, 316-332. Swan, Mrs. S. H., 326.
Thacher, Oxenbridge, 341. Thayer, John Eliot, 61. Townshend's Bill, 358. Townshend, Charles, 347. Trumbull, 316. Tudor, Frederick, 61.
Tudor, William, 340. Tyndal, Sir John, 24.
Upham, Charles Wentworth, 64. Upshall, Nicholas, 124, 125. Usher, John, 146.
Vagabond Act, 125. Vardy, Luke, 333, Vane, Sir Harry, 63-88, 101, 113, 117, 260. Vassall, William, 15.
Walter, Abijah, 277, 280. Ward, Edward, 289. Warren, John Collins, 61. Warren, Dr. Joseph, 349. Waterhouse, David, 190. Wayside Inn, 324. Welde, Rev. Thomas, 111. Wendell, Barrett, 167. Wesley, John, 141.
West, Nicholas, 15. Weston, Thomas, 1, 7.
Weymouth, 1, 7, 8.
Wheeler, Sir Francis, 298.
Wheelright, Rev. John, 74, 112, 117. White, John, 11. Whittier, 126, 129. Willard, Samuel, 227, 228, 230. Williams, Roger, 37, 118, 119, 120, 133. Willis, Edward, 144. Wilkins, Comfort, 153, 158. Wilkins, Richard, 144. Wilson, Rev. John, 37, 48, 122, 134. Winslow, Jolın, 187. Winthrop, Adam, 19. Winthrop, Anne, 19, 20. Winthrop, Deane, 263.
Winthrop, Jolın, 15, 16, 18, 21, 22, 26, 27, 30, 34, 36, 38, 40, 49, 51, 55, 58, 67, 69, 89, 95, 98, 99, 112, 118, 175, 205, 295. Winthrop, John, Jr., 29. Winthrop, Margaret, 18, 21, 24, 30, 50. Winthrop, Mercy, 263. Winthrop, Robert C., 32. Winthrop, Stephen, 101. Winthrop, Wait, 190. Wollaston, Captain, 9, 10. Writs of Assistance, 338.
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Old Boston in Massachusetts®
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