USA > Massachusetts > Worcester County > Worcester > Town annual reports of the several departments for the fiscal year ending December 31, 1874 > Part 24
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.Worcester Academy, Providence st., in yard south of building.
Wood Light & Co., pipe on each floor, with hose attached.
J. H. Walker, Water st., pipe and hose.
Worcester & Nashua R. R. Freight House, two places with hose at- tached.
1
REPORT
OF THE
WATER REGISTRAR.
-
WORCESTER, Dec. 20, 1874.
Gentlemen of the Joint Standing Committee on Water.
IN compliance with the requirements of Section 8 of the " Ordinance relating to Water," I herewith submit my second annual Report.
During the year ending Nov. 30, 1874, there were received two hundred and forty-five (245) applications for water, all of which, with but four exceptions, have been granted, and the ser- vice pipes laid.
The number and amount of water bills rendered to the City Treasurer for collection is as follows :
By Meter, 1,891, representing $27,983 68
Assessment, 7,423,
67,548 84
Total, 9,314, .
$95,532 52
The abatements, the greater part of which were made in con- sequence of the decision of water takers to pay their water bills by meter measurement, amounted to $11,257.10.
The water has been shut off from the premises of twenty-nine (29) water takers, but in every case it has again been let on, upon the payment of their over-due bills and costs.
333
REPORT OF WATER REGISTRAR.
There have been attached during the year, three hundred and thirty-six (336) meters, making the total number on the works eleven hundred and seven (1,107), varying in size from ¿ inch to 4 inches, as follows :
¿in.
ğin.
¿in.
1 in.
1} in.
2 in.
4 in.
22
695
292
75
15
16
2
The quantity of measured water sold is as follows :
For six months prior to April 1, 1874,
6 " " Oct. 1, 1874,
64,048,190 gallons. 72,324,670
The subject of a further supply of water being agitated throughout the community, but especially by the City Council, permit me, in view of the experience of our neighbor city, Boston, as well as of other cities both of this country and Europe, to offer for your consideration a few facts and suggestions.
It is estimated that there is daily delivered through the multi- tude of outlets of every description in this City, an average of three million gallons of water. The number of people, by actual count, using water being but a trifle over thirty-six thousand, this amount gives to each individual something more than eighty gal- lons per day. This quantity could and should be reduced nearly one-half.
Out of the eleven hundred meters attached to the works, more than one-half are upon dwellings occupied by their owners, ena- bling us to ascertain about what is used by each person in families drawing water so measured. The quantity thus used proving so small, we must conclude that the greater part of our daily supply is drawn at manufactories, blocks and tenement houses, whose owners pay their bills by assessment, and either having no care, allow of a great waste through miserable, worn-out fixtures, or intentionally permit a stream to flow from their pipes to prevent freezing in winter, or in order to obtain cool water in summer.
I consider that there are three principal sources of waste: 1st, cheap and worn-out fixtures ; 2d, hopper water closets ; 3d, hose.
Last season I discovered a block of tenement houses occupied by twelve families, each having a faucet from which to obtain a supply, not one of which could by any possibility be turned so as to obstruct the flow of water in the least, so entirely worn out were they. The water had been allowed to run during the entire
334
CITY DOCUMENT .- No. 29.
summer, when the authorities were doing all in their power to obtain a temporary supply for the actual needs of the inhabitants. In another section of the City, scarcely a stone's throw from the City Hall, I discovered in a block of tenements, three faucets in a similar plight, and I was informed that the owner of the estate had known of their condition for more than a twelvemonth, but neglected to have them repaired or new ones substituted.
Another and perhaps the greatest opportunity for waste may be found in almost every dwelling in the " hopper water closet." The experience of those having meters proves conclusively that oftener than all other fixtures, the valve of the "hopper water closet" needs repairing and re-packing. By a careful and detailed comparison in the actual consumption of water by the " hopper water closet " and the "self-acting, or pan water closet" made by the authorities of Boston, but one conclusion can be ar- rived at, which I trust will have weight with the Committee, knowing as I do that we in Worcester are suffering in a measure from the same cause.
Five experiments were tried, and the verdict I embody herein, entire, as follows :
"The result of five cases shows, in thirteen closets alone, a total saving of 3,249,739 gallons a year, or a daily sav- ing of 685 gallons, for each closet, at the same time affording all the needed service. In these cases meters are attached, and the water is doubtless shut off at night, showing, in part, that the great waste was in the working hours of the day. But for the meter, which compels the consumer to pay for all the water wasted, as well as used, the estimate of loss above given would be more than doubled. Now, take the whole number of hopper closets, i. e., 16,137, and assume what experience has shown to be within the actual fact, namely, that one closet in five is wasting water in the same ratio of the five cases cited, and the total waste will exhibit the amazing aggregate of 4,419,620 gallons in every twenty-four hours."
It has been known for some time, by the Commissioner and myself, that a water closet just out of the passage way, in a cer- tain building on Main street, was wasting water almost constantly. The owner has been repeatedly importuned to remedy it, but this he has failed to do; until recently it has been thought inex- pedient to attach a meter in a position to catch the waste, but this
335
REPORT OF WATER REGISTRAR.
will be done at once, and it is hoped the City will receive an equivalent for the large amount of water furnished.
The use of hand hose for irrigation, has of late become so com- mon and the conditions of the ordinance under which its use is sanctioned, has been so almost uniformly abused that some measures should at once be taken, to more effectually control it. Instances that come to my knowledge, of its abuse to the extent of permitting it to run night after night, are not of rare oc- currence.
During the year last past, I have called your attention to the advisability of causing every plumber doing business in the City to procure a license. I have since learned that it has been thought absolutely necessary to cause this to be done, in many of our largest Cities, including New York, Brooklyn, St. Louis, Albany, Chicago and Philadelphia, in order to properly and effectually control the attaching and detaching of water fixtures. By changing the forms of plumbers' returns I have in a measure, improved the conditions of their reports, but they are still far from being satisfactory. There is but little that can be done in this department to remedy the evils mentioned, under the present ordinance, but I trust that these suggestions may be the means of causing to be adopted a new ordinance by the City Conncil, at an early day, that will have a tendency to put a stop to so ruthless a waste of water, as we are aware is taking place in our city daily.
It is my firm conviction, based upon this extended experience of every City with which I have corresponded, that nearly or quite one-third of the entire quantity of water brought into this City might be saved ; thereby avoiding the necessity of seeking a further supply for several years to come.
Very much remains to be said upon this subject, but I would refer you to the report of the Water Registrar of Boston, under date of January 7, 1874, together with his supplemental report, embodying the report of the Engineer of the Borough of Liver- pool, England, both of which may be found in my office.
Respectfully submitted.
GEORGE D. DAVIS,
Water Registrar.
REPORT OF THE CITY ENGINEER.
To the City Council :
GENTLEMEN :- The following report of the transactions of the Engineering Department for the year ending Dec. 1st, 1874, is most respectfully submitted, to wit :
At the commencement of the year the water in the Leicester Reservoir was level with the top of the rollway. From the 11th of January to the 30th of May, it is estimated that 197} millions of gallons were wasted.
By raising or lowering the flash-boards the waste was made as small as possible, retaining all the time as much water in the reservoir as could be held with safety. On the first of June the water was two and one-half feet above the rollway -there being stored 775,572,000 gallons. Since then it has been gradually falling, and on the 8th of December was ten feet and two and one-half inches below the rollway, with 317,019,200 gallons.
By raising the dam the five feet which has been contemplated, the capacity of the reservoir would be increased to 895,309,182 gallons.
The question of an additional supply of water has received considerable attention. A survey of the water-shed of North Pond and Weasel Brook has been made, the results of which. are stated in the report, to the City Council, of the Hon. Phinehas Ball, dated September 17th, 1874.
A partial examination of Tatnuck Brook shows that its capa- bilities as a source of supply may have been underrated. It would be a good plan to make some more extended surveys, so that its value may be more definitely determined.
337
REPORT OF CITY ENGINEER.
There has been built during the past year 11,412.9 feet of new sewers, with 90 manholes and 38 catch-basins, and 44 catch- basins to old sewers, a tabular statement of which is appended to this report.
The number of permits given to enter sewers by private drains, for the year, is 171.
The whole number of permits given is 1,766.
The total length of sewers now built is 32.82 miles, with 676 catch-basins and 1,345 man-holes. The superintendence of the sewers built by the Sewer Department, the care and mainte- nance of the sewers already built, and the cleaning of the catch basins, by Gen. R. H. Chamberlain, and the inspection and superintendence of the sewers built by M. R. Edwards, by Asst. Engineer L. A. Taylor, has been efficiently and economically done, and to the entire satisfaction of the Committee on Sewers.
Although much has been done in the way of sewers, much remains to be done. About 340 feet of the Mill Brook sewer, which has been deferred until the removal of the Court Mills, can probably be built the coming year.
The extension of the Piedmont district sewer, which now empties into the old Mill Brook channel, near Sargent's card clothing factory, will require early attention.
An order to construct a large size brick sewer from Sargent street to Cambridge street, was adopted by the City Council, July 6th, 1874.
As the sewer contemplated in said order would not satisfac- torily drain a large portion of the land between Southbridge street and Cambridge street, there being but 374% feet fall between the present outlet of the sewer at Sargent street and the bed of Mill Brook sewer at Cambridge street, and as it seemed to be very desirable that a new street should be laid out and built in connection with such sewer, which street would greatly relieve the public travel from the inconvenience of the railroad crossings on Green street, the Committee on Sewers have deferred building said sewer, hoping that some satisfactory arrangement would be made with the Washburn & Moen Manu- facturing Co., by which more fall can be obtained, and that the
44
338
CITY DOCUMENT .- No. 29.
City Council would lay out and construct such a street in con- nection with said sewer.
For the purpose of obtaining more fall, two plans have been proposed. One is to purchase, of the Washburn & Moen Co., three or four feet of their fall at Quinsigamond, and discharge the entire sewerage into the stream at the southerly side of Cam- bridge street, deepening, if necessary, the present channel, south of said street.
The amount of fall thus taken from the Quinsigamond dam, could be added to the South Worcester privilege by deepening the channel below South Worcester. The other plan is, to construct a dam at South Worcester, which shall divide the waters of Mill Brook from the South Worcester stream, taking the former by a new channel, to a point below the dam at Quinsigamond. If this were done the Washburn & Moen Co. could raise their dam at Quinsigamond the amount of the fall at South Worcester (about four feet), thus uniting the two privileges, with but little if any damage on account of flowage.
The latter plan is the most favorable, if there is any prospect or probability of adopting the plan proposed by the Hon. Phinehas Ball, for the utilization of the sewage of the city, in his report on that subject, dated January 24th, 1873.
Surveys, plans and estimates have been made to ascertain the best manner of draining Pine Meadow and vicinity. No one who has been in the habit of passing through Shrewsbury or East Central streets, during the past season, can have any doubt of the necessity of a sewer in those streets. The best plan appears to be, to build a 44x66-inch brick sewer from Mill Brook Sewer at Front street, through Front and Shrews- bury streets, to a point near the second culvert easterly from the west side of the Meadow, a distance of 3,180 feet. The fall between the ordinary surface of the water at said culvert and Mill Brook at the place of starting is 870% Too feet -by using a grade of one-tenth of a foot to each hundred feet, the bottom of the sewer at the easterly end would be 419% feet below the ordinary surface of the water, thus draining the meadow more than four feet below its present surface.
339
REPORT OF CITY ENGINEER.
To complete the system, this sewer should be extended to the easterly side of the meadow and sewers built in East Cen- tral and Pine streets and in some of the streets between them. The area drained by these sewers would be 267 acres.
In 1870 a sewer was built in Pleasant street, from Lincoln Brook to Piedmont street. This sewer was built to take the overflow of the Sever street sewer. The general sewage of the district was not allowed to pass through it, a gate being placed in the sewer in such a manner as to allow only such sew- age as is mingled with the storm waters to pass through it, thereby keeping the storm and freshet waters from overflowing the Piedmont street sewer. The only sewer which at that time discharged into the Lincoln Brook was a small sewer in Merrick street, which drained only five estates. Since that time sewers have been built in Russell and South Russell streets, and a num- ber of houses have been built on Bellevue street, the drainage of which finds its way into the Lincoln Brook, making it quite filthy and so much of a nuisance that the citizens living in the vicinity have petitioned for its removal. In answer to their complaints the Brook, between Pleasant and Austin streets, has been twice cleaned out, during the past year, by order of the Committee on Sewers.
The best way to remedy this evil is to extend the sewer now laid in Pleasant street as far as Mason street, thence through Mason street to Tufts street ; thence by Tufts street to Beaver Brook, a distance of 2,930 feet. This is the plan recommended by Mr. Ball, in his report of July 22d, 1872, and he therein says, "this sewer when built, would form the main outlet for the entire sewage of the district west of Sever street, and its outlet would be at a point as advantageous for disposing of, or utilizing the sewage in its course, as any position which could be selected."
Some of the streets in the district, bounded easterly by Ham- mond street, northerly and westerly by Main and Woodland streets, south-westerly and southerly by Richards and Cam- bridge streets, now need sewers, and it will not be many years before the main outlet for this district will have to be built.
340
CITY DOCUMENT .- No. 29.
The main sewer in the Grafton street district has been built the past year, and sewers are much needed in Penn Avenue, Barclay and Houghton streets.
The sewer in Endicott street will need to be extended from Ward to Vernon street as soon as the buildings projected are built on said street.
An abstract of the work done upon Streets and Highways is appended to this report, the totals of which are as follows, viz : Length of streets which have been constructed this year, 7-96 miles ; length of streets of which surveys, plans and decrees of location have been made and prepared, 82% miles ; of streets surveyed and plans made 818% miles ; of side-walks laid out, grades set and decrees of location prepared 10150 miles. The lines, grades and measurements have been given for setting 3,6% miles of curbstone.
The sheets for an additional volume of the maps of the city, to contain 43 sheets, have been finished during the year. The sheets are duplicated, the same as the previous volumes. Con- siderable material has been collected for additional maps.
All of which is respectfully submitted.
W. E. MILLS,
Acting City Engineer.
WORCESTER, Dec. 26th, 1874.
341
REPORT OF CITY ENGINEER.
STREETS AND HIGHWAYS CONSTRUCTED IN 1874.
STREETS.
LINEAL FEET.
REMARKS.
Auburn,
784 feet. From Kendall to Catharine street.
Crescent,
1,106
60
66 Garden street, north.
Canterbury,
4,358
66 Hammond street to Cambridge street.
Endicott,
920
66
Ward street to Vernon street.
Grafton,
729
66
Penn avenue to Mendon street.
Hammond,
1,580
Southbridge street, north.
Hope Avenue,
4,053
66
Belmont street to Harrington street.
Lincoln,
3,800
66 Frederick street to Burncoat street.
Newton,
2,539
66
Pleasant street to May street.
North Newton,
1,227
Pleasant street to Elm street.
Pratt st., extension,
4,706
Salisbury street to Elm street.
Pond,
760
66
Green street to Water street.
Suffolk,
1,870
66
Bloomingdale road to Grafton street.
Wellington,
1,017
66 Main street to Chandler street.
Total, 42,049 feet, or 7 96 Too miles.
Arch Bridge, Leicester st., over Tatnuck Brook at New Worcester.
STREETS AND HIGHWAYS SURVEYED, PLANS AND DECREES OF LOCATION PREPARED.
STREETS.
LINEAL FEET.
REMARKS.
Belmont,
11,887 feet,
Canterbury,
4,358
From Lincoln square to Shrewsbury line. Hammond st. to Cambridge street. Garden street to North street.
Crescent,
2,535
66
66 Chatham street to Austin street.
Canal,
222
66
66 Front street to Cherry street.
College,
3,583
Edgeworth,
1,289
66
Southbridge street to Auburn line. Milton street to Byron street.
Earle,
324
Edward street to Elizabeth street.
Grafton,
729
66
66 Penn avenue to Mendon street.
Highland,
2,024
Elm Park to Pleasant street.
John,
446
North Ashland st. to West street.
Leicester,
8,969
New Worcester to Leicester line.
Ledge,
931
66 Water street to Providence street.
Lodi,
864
66 Lamartine street to Salem street.
Larch,
809
66
Merrick street to Winslow street. Main street to Woodland street.
South Russell,
810
Pleasant street to Austin street.
Wachusett,
1,139
Highland street to John street.
Ward,
1,210
Endicott street to South street.
Loudon,
470
Total,
42,998 feet,=8 14 miles.
Crown,
399
Webster street to Southbridge street.
Lake Avenue,
12,600
342
CITY DOCUMENT .- No. 29.
STREETS SURVEYED AND PLANS MADE.
STREETS.
LINEAL FEET.
REMARKS.
Curtis,
900 feet,
Lake street to Webster square. Grade established.
Kendall,
990
66
Eastern avenue,
1,500
Main,
9,454
66
66 Newton street to New Worcester.
Newton,
1,655
66
Mill street to Leicester street.
Nixon,
1,750
66
Normal,
2,676
66
66 Newbury street to Newton Hill.
Prospect,
650
Mulberry st. to Eastern avenue.
Queen,
1,648
Levelled for grade.
Stafford,
7,590
66
From Leicester street to Leicester line.
Southbridge,
12,147
66
Myrtle street to Auburn line.
Ward,
1,800
Vernon street to Millbury line.
Total,
46,664 feet, == 8.83 miles.
SIDEWALKS LAID OUT, GRADES SET AND DECREES PREPARED.
STREETS.
LINEAL FEET.
REMARKS.
Auburn,
1,585 feet,
Both sides, from Kendall to Catharine street.
Boynton,
2,878
66
Highland to Salisbury
Bowdoin,
3,002
66
66
66 Harvard to West
66
Carroll,
1,014
66
66
Laurel to Glen
66
Davis Park,
324
Around the Park (Clinton street).
Glen,
1,590
Both sides, from Orchard to Edward
66
Main to Beacon
66
Hanover,
2,734
66
66
Archi to Kendall
66
Kendall,
918
South side,
66 Lincoln to Oak avenue.
Liberty,
1,552
Both sides,
66
Arch to Belmont
street.
Lamartine,
3,681
66
66
Lafayette to Washington "
66
Lafayette,
4,546
66
66
66
Southbridge to Millbury
66
Lincoln,
3,133
66
66
66
6
Frederick to Cushing
66
Linwood,
854
66
66
66
Lincoln to Fountain
Main,
2,057
66
Downing to Beaver
66
Mason,
1,306
66
66
Lincoln sq. to Mill Brook “
Pine,
1,850
66
66
Shrewsbury to Henry
Penn avenue,
3,567
66
66
66
Grafton to Union avenue.
Shrewsbury,
900
66
South side,
from Pine to Henry
street.
Spring,
355
West
66
66 Front to Mechanic
66
Vernon,
720
Both sides,
Pattison to Richland
Washington,
2,056
66
66 Gold to Lamartine 66
Water,
3,303
66 Winter to Vernon
Total,
53,094
feet, 10 5 miles.
100
66
Oak to Sever
Cedar,
2,136
66
Hammond,
1,659
66
66
Pleasant to Austin
Prescott,
3,471
Ledge,
1,903
Water to Providence
From Shelby to East Central street.
Austin street to New Worcester.
Mill,
900
66 Mountain st. to W. Boylston line.
Plantation,
Prospect street to Eastern avenue. Belmont st. to Bloomingdale Road.
Pleasant,
3.054
343
REPORT OF CITY ENGINEER. ABSTRACT OF SEWERS Built from December 1st, 1873, to December 1st, 1874. BUILT BY SEWER DEPARTMENT.
STREETS.
inches.
Size in
of Sewers.
Feet
Manholes.
Basins.
Inlets.
Pipe Inlets
Feet of
of Inlets.
Size
LOCATION, ETC.
Auburn,
12
348.1
2
Old Sewer to Cath- arine st.
Bowdoin, Beacon,
2
2
24
12" Near Hammond st.
Carroll,
1
1
9
12'' At Shelby st. Dix to Highland st.
Denny,
15 oval
444.4
5
1
1
27
12"
At Wachusett st.
Endicott,
24x36
608.0
5
4
4
36
12"
Millbury to Ward street.
Foundry, Fruit,
2
2
24
12 !!
" Pleasant
and
Front,
1
1
48
12" At Washington sq. Austin st., north.
Hawley,
15 oval
535.2
6
2
2
15 12" At Kendall street.
Highland,
20×30
448.35
3
3
3
48
12" Old sewer (west) and at Pink st.
Hermon,
1
I
21
12" At Beacon st.
Hammond, Harrison, Laurel,
24 oval
253.2
1
4
4
36
12" Hanover to Carroll street.
18 oval
1,067.8
7
2
2
18
12" Carroll to Eastern avenue.
Lincoln,
20×30
218.5
2
3
3
33
12" Kendall st. (north)
Linwood,
12" At Lincoln street.
Millbury,
1
24
12" Opp. Seymore st.
May, Main,
3
3
2'7 60
12" Near Kingsbury st. At Sycamore and Wellington sts., and City Hall.
North Ashland,
5
5
75
12"
At John, Bowdoin, Lily, Home, and Highland sts.
Orange,
12
290.6
3
Plymouth to Lynn street.
Plymouth,
18 oval
4.98
1
Orchard st. ct.,
1| 1|
18
12/
66
66
2
2
15
12'
" Blake street.
and at Linw'd pl.
2
2
6
1
2
2
1
1
10
12"
At Canal street.
1
1
9
12" At Chestnut st.
Dix,
Elm streets.
Hanover,
2
2
Old sewer to Or- ange street. 3| 12" At end of Court.
344
CITY DOCUMENT .- No. 29.
STREETS.
in inches.
Size
of Sewer.
Feet
Manholes.
Basins.
Inlets.
Pipe Inlets
of Inlets.
Size
LOCATION, ETC.
Park,
1
1
1
12" Near Portland st.
Portland,
12" At Park street.
Piedmont,
1
1
12
12"
At Prince street.
Queen,
12
252.8
2
1
1
12
12'
" Fulton "
Sever,
1
1
15
12"
" Elm
School,
1
1
3
12"
" Union "
66
Union,
1
1
12
12"
Near Foster,
66
West,
2
2
21
12" At Cedar and Bow- doin streets.
Wilmot,
2
2
18
12" At Laurel street.
Ward,
15 oval
30.7
1
2
2
33
12"
" Endicott "
Washington,
1
1
12
12"
" Lamartine st.
Wellington,
2
2
18
12" Rebuilt.
Total,
4,547.4
38 62 62
755
2 basins discont'd.
BUILT BY M. R. EDWARDS.
STREETS.
in Inches.
Size
of Sewer.
Feet
Manholes.
Basins.
Inlets.
Pipe Inlets
Feet of
of Inlets.
Size
LOCATION, ETC.
Cutler, 66
22"x33"
885.4
8
2
2
22.5 12"
Grafton to Ætna street.
20"x30"
327.0
3
2
2
20.5 12" Ætna to end of street.
Coral,
16"x24"
859.4
7
6
6
74.0 12" Grafton to Clarkson st.
18" oval
736.0
5
2
2
22.512" Clarkson to Ætna street. Winter to Mendon st. 25.5 12"
Grafton, 66
24"x36"
727.0
5
4
4
48.0 12" Mendon to Houghton st.
Hamilton, Mendon,
24"x36"
463.0
4
1
3
10.0
15" 12"
Grafton street East.
16"x24"
1102.0
9
6
6
73.5 12" Grafton to Ætna street. South of 16"x24".
18" oval
112.5
1
27
15"
Totals,
6865.5 52 25 27 296.5 12"
1
1
12
Davis st., south.
Summer,
30"x45" 1654.1 10
2
2
27.0
Feet of
345
REPORT OF CITY ENGINEER.
SUMMARY OF SEWERS.
BUILT FROM DECEMBER 1, 1873, TO DECEMBER 1, 1874.
BY WHOM BUILT.
LENGTH OF SEWERS.
Manholes.
Basins.
Inlets.
in Inlets.
Pipe
M. R. Edwards,
6865.5
52
25
27
323.5
Sewer Department,
4547.4
38
62
62
755.0
Totals,
11,412.9
90
87
89
1078.5
2 Basins and 4 Inlets discontinued.
SUMMARY OF SEWERS NOW LAID IN THE CITY OF WORCESTER.
DATE.
FEET OF SEWERS LAID.
MANHOLES.
BASINS.
INLETS.
Up to 1867,
6,481.5
14
17
93
1867,
5,539.5
19
2
4
1868,
15,869.0
108
71
102
1869,
24,720.0
199
51
61
1870,
43,320.0
334
146
161
1871,
33,158.9
292
163
173
1872,
17,887.5
162
51
52
1873,
14,893.4
127
90
82
1874,
11,412.9
90
85
85
Totals,
173,282.7
1345
676
759
324823, or 32.82 Miles of Sewer.
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