USA > Maryland > The history of Maryland, to which are added brief biographies of distinguished statesmen, philanthropists, theologians, etc.; prepared for the schools of Maryland > Part 8
Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).
Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8
He was a man of genial manners, and yet of great decision ; a fine scholar ; a thoroughly evan- gelical Christian ; and a laborious, self-sacrificing minister. In the discharge of the duties of his episcopate he was greatly hindered by a want of support from his diocese, as in some years what he received did not suffice to pay his travelling expenses ; and in his later years he suffered from frequent and protracted attacks of illness. Much of his life was spent in troublous times ; but his devotion to the church of his charge was credit- able to himself, and constitutes his eulogy.
What of his appearance ? What of his characteristics ?
conferred upon him in 1800?
-
---
..
-
151
MOSES SHEPPARD.
IV.
EMINENT PHILANTHROPISTS.
MOSES SHEPPARD; JOHN McDONOGH.
Ox the tomb of Howard, who died in Kherson while visit- ing the hospitals and endeavoring to improve the condition of prisons, is inscribed this epitaph :-
" He lived to do good."
4
This may be said of all who devote their wealth to alleviate the sufferings of humanity or to increase the comforts of the poor. The citizens whose lives are here recorded, began life as poor boys. They remembered the poor when, by God's blessing upon their labors, they became rich. The asylum and institute reared by the philanthropy of Sheppard and McDonogh will be among the grandest monuments of which Maryland can boast.
MOSES SHEPPARD .- This good and unobtru- sive man was born in 1773, and died February 1, 1857, aged eighty-four years. It was not until he was dead that the world knew of the grand de- sign which he had entertained through life. His object was, by diligence in business and by pru- dent economy, to acquire the means to do good to his fellow-men.
What is said of Moses Sheppard ? What was his object in business? What of his earliest recollection ? What did he
--
---
٢٠٢ ود النصر؟
152
MOSES SHEPPARD. .
His earliest recollection of himself was as a child on an earthen floor in a log cabin near Bal- timore.
When quite young, he served in a store at Jericho Mills, kept by Jesse Tyson. In 1793 he came to Baltimore, and worked in a grocery and provision store on Cheapside. His good beha- vior, diligence, and integrity won the confidence of his employer, and the poor orphan boy be- came successively chief assistant, partner, and sole proprietor.
Retiring from the grocery business, he esta- blished a small manufactory for cotton seine-twine, which was continued several years after it had · ceased to be profitable, because he did not wish to throw out of employment many aged women who without it would have been dependent upon charity.
By practising rigid economy, and exercising a judicious discretion in his investments, he in- creased his fortune to the sum of six hundred thousand dollars.
His religious sentiments were those of the So- ciety of Friends, and his attendance upon meet- ing was constant almost to the time of his death.
do when quite young? What in 1793? Of his good be- havior ? What did he do next ? What of his economy ? Of his religious sentiments ? In whom did he manifest a warm
---
1
·
٠
153
MOSES SHEPPARD.
He always manifested a warm interest in the colored people, and was an early and liberal friend of the colonization cause. This was appreciated , by the colonists; and a vessel now sails under the Liberian flag, called the "Moses Sheppard, of Monrovia."
After he died, the purpose for which he had · labored so diligently and lived so prudently was found to be to benefit those afflicted creatures who `most need sympathy and protection. He wished the experiment to be tried, to ascertain how much good can result from close attention, with ample means, to every thing which can alleviate the con- dition of the insane.
We give on the following page a representation of the business entrance of the asylum which bears his name, now in course of erection. It will be a splendid edifice, a noble monument to the memory of a good man, and a true philanthropist.
The plan of the building was suggested by Dr. D. T. Brown, who visited Europe to examine insane hospitals with special reference to their being curatire in construction and administration. Much more space is afforded to the patients than is customary in such institutions.
The structure is fireproof throughout, and great
interest ? What of a vessel ? What was discovered after his leath ? What experiment did he wish tried ? What of the .
.
..
..
I
£
values al L
والسـ
154
MOSES SHEPPARD.
care has been directed to ventilation, warming, and the supply of water. In addition to the
SHEPPARD ASYLUM.
usual arrangement of wards, there is a convales- cent department, which affords the comforts and conveniences of a first-class country residence. Free from all appearances of restraint, it offers to the inmates facilities for probationary treat- ment before they finally return to their homes.
The grounds attached to the asylum comprise three hundred and seventy-five acres, which are being adorned and provided with roads and paths
asylum ? Of the plan of the building ? What further of this structure ? Of the grounds ?
TE Tanfiand Jim
155
JOHN MCDONOGH.
for exercise, that patients may have every advan- . tage without the exposure of riding or walking on public highways.
JOHN McDONOGH, the founder of the Mc- Donogh Institute for the Relief of Destitute Boys, was born in Baltimore, December, 1779, and died in New Orleans, October 26, 1850. His father fought under the "Father of his Country" in the hottest battles of the Revolutionary struggle for liberty and equal laws. Young McDonogh re- ceived, from pious parents, a plain and virtuous education.
In 1803 he removed to New Orleans, and en- gaged in mercantile business with distinguished success.
In the War of 1812 he served in the ranks, under General Jackson, burning with zeal to drive the invading army from the shores of the Republic.
Unmarried, and with no expensive tastes or habits, he soon became wealthy. His invest- ments were chiefly in real estate near New Or- leans, which he felt confident would rapidly in-
What is said of John McDonogh? Of his father ? What of his education ? What did he do in 1803? In 1812? What of his tastes and habits ? Of his investments ? What was
-
-
.
I in min
156
JOHN MCDONOGH.
crease in value. He acted upon the principle that "land will not take wings and fly away, as silver and gold and government and bank stocks often do." This is a maxim well worth remem- bering.
John McDonogh owned numerous slaves, among whom were the mechanics who built his houses. These slaves were lodged in warm and comfort- able houses, were provided with strong and de- cent clothing, kept hogs and fowls of their own, and cultivated what ground they needed in vege- tables.
They were governed in patriarchal style. The church was the court-room. All offenders were tried by a jury of slaves, and the only authority exercised by the master was to confirm, mitigate, or remit the penalty.
These slaves were faithful and industrious. They kept the Sabbath-day holy, and finally, by their own extra labor, purchased their freedom, and on the 11th of June, 1842, sailed for Liberia, seventy-nine in number.
Mr. McDonogh was always a friend of the black man, and advised his slaves to "return to the land of their fathers, that they might have none to molest or make them afraid."
his maxim ? What of his slaves ? How were they governed ? What advice did he give them ? How did he dispose of his
-
-
157
JOHN MCDONOGH.
By will, he devised all his property to the cities of Baltimore and New Orleans, for the sup- port of free schools for the poor of both sexes, irrespective of color. In these schools certain branches are to be taught, the Holy Bible is to be used at all times, singing-classes are to be esta- blished, and the children instructed in a know- ledge of their duty to God and to man.
By litigation, the estate has suffered great dimi- nution, so that the benevolent plans of the liberal projector cannot be fully realized.
About five hundred thousand dollars will be the share of Baltimore City, with which an insti- tution will soon be established.
A monument was erected to the memory of John McDonogh, July 13, 1865, in Greenmount Cemetery, by the authorities of Baltimore and New Orleans, in the presence of a large assem- bly.
.A dedicatory address was delivered by the Hon. John H. B. Latrobe, from which has been compiled this brief narrative of a philanthropist who walked among men as a faithful Christian, who lived and labored that he, like his Master, might do good. His asylum for poor orphan children will be a
property ? How did his estate suffer? What will be the share of Baltimore city ? What of a monument to his mem- ory ? What did he direct in his will ?
14
---
.
-
Idali
I
158
CHARLES WILSON PEALE.
monument more enduring than the finely-chiselled marble, and will tell with silent eloquence of the man who lived to do good. In his will, he re- quested that the children who are provided for by his bounty may annually visit his grave and place flowers thereon.
V.
ARTIST.
CHARLES WILSON PEALE.
CHARLES WILSON PEALE, an American paint- er, was born in Chestertown, Kent county, April 16, 1741. He was by trade a saddler, but, having an almost universal genius, he followed at different times the occupations of watch and clock maker, silversmith, preserver of animals, dentist, and public lecturer.
He received instruction in the art of painting from Hesselius, a German, to whom he gave a saddle for the privilege of seeing him paint.
Peale made for himself a violin and a guitar, and was the first dentist in America who prepared sets of enamel teeth. In all these arts he was chiefly self-taught.
What is said of Charles Wilson Peale ? Who instructed him in the art of painting ? What further is said of him? What
--
-
.
159
CHARLES WILSON PEALE.
By the aid of friends, he went to London in 1770, and was a pupil of the renowned Benjamin West. Returning to America, he established him- self first in Annapolis, but afterwards settled in Philadelphia, where for many years he was the chief portrait-painter in North America.
Mr. Peale was a patriot, and commanded a company in the battles of Trenton and German- town. He was opposed to slavery, and, as a mem- ber of the legislature of Pennsylvania, urged the passage of an emancipation act.
In 1785 he commenced in Philadelphia the celebrated Peale's Museum, which for many years was the largest and most valuable collection of natural curiosities in the United States. The principal attraction was an entire skeleton of a mammoth. He also established a museum in Bal- timore. Mr. Peale died, after a life of extraor- dinary exertion and temperance, in 1827, aged eighty-five years. His son Rembrandt was an artist of great merit.
of his sojourn in London ? What did he do on his return? What of his patriotism ? What of his museums? When did he die ? What of his son ?
-----
160
MEMBERS OF CABINET.
VI.
NAMES OF CITIZENS OF MARYLAND WHO HAVE BEEN JUDGES OF THE SUPREME COURT, AND MEMBERS OF THE CABINET.
JUDGES OF THE SUPREME COURT.
ROGER B. TANEY, Chief Justice, appointed 1836.
ROBERT H. HARRISON, Associate Justice, 1789.
THOMAS JOHNSON, Associate Justice, 1791.
SAMUEL CHASE, Associate Justice, 1796.
GABRIEL DUVAL, Associate Justice,
1811.
MEMBERS OF THE CABINET. 1
JAMES MCHENRY, Secretary of War, appointed 1796.
BENJAMIN STODDERT, Secretary of the Navy, 1798.
· ROBERT SMITH, Secretary of the Navy, 1801.
ROBERT SMITH, Attorney-General, 1805.
ROBERT SMITH, Secretary of State, 1809.
WILLIAM PINKNEY, Attorney-General, 1811.
WILLIAM WIRT, Attorney-General,
1817.
ROGER B. TANEY, Attorney-General, 1831.
ROGER B. TANEY, Secretary of the Treasury, 1833.
JOHN NELSON, Attorney-General, 1843.
REVERDY JOHNSON, Attorney-General. 1849.
JOHN P. KENNEDY, Secretary of the Navy, 1852.
·
161
GREAT SEAL OF MARYLAND.
GREAT
THE
SEAL
1632
1854
CHESCITE
ET
MULTIPLICAMINT
OF
MARYLAND.
THE GREAT SEAL OF MARYLAND.
THE Great Seal is committed to the care of the Governor, and is kept in the Executive chamber in the State-House at Annapolis. Its impression is attached to all laws and important documents, also to proclamations issued by the authority of the General Assembly or the Governor.
These proclamations always conclude with the following words :- " Given under my hand and the Great Seal of the State."
Cecilius, Baron of Baltimore, obtained his char- ter for the province of Maryland, June 20, 1632, when he appointed his brother Leonard to go with
What is said of the Great Seal? For what purpose is its impression used ? How do all proclamations conclude ? 14*
+
1
162
GREAT SEAL OF MARYLAND.
the colonists in the character of Governor. Leon- ard Calvert brought with him a seal, with which to authenticate his official acts.
-
In 1643, one Richard Ingle, who had lately come into the province, devised a plot by which to deprive Lord Baltimore of all right to the gov- ernment. During this rebellion, Ingle managed to get possession of the Great Seal, and with it authenticated his acts, so as to give them the sem- blance of law.
On August 12, 1648, Lord Baltimore issued a commission, providing a new Great Seal to take the place of that which had been treacherously and violently taken away from the province by Richard Ingle. This seal he committed to the custody of Captain William Stone, and thus de- scribes it :-
"On the one side thereof is our figure in armor, on horseback, with our sword drawn, and our hel- . met on, and a great plume of feathers; the horse- trappings being adorned with our paternal coat of arms, and this inscription about that side of the seal,-viz .: Cecilius absolutus dominus Terra Mariæ et Avalonia, Baro de Baltimore.
"On the other side is engraven a scutcheon, wherein is our paternal coat of arms,-to wit, six
What of Baron of Baltimore's seal ? Of Richard Ingle ? Of the commission of August 12, 1648 ? What was on one side ?
1
EM!
1
163
GREAT SEAL OF MARYLAND.
pieces impaled with a band dexter counterchanged, quartered with a cross buttoned at each end, the whole scutcheon being supported with a fisherman on the one side and a plowman on the other, standing upon a scrowl, wherein is engraven our paternal motto, viz .: ffatti maschij parole Femini (manly acts rather than womanly words).
" Above the scutcheon is a count palatine's cap, and over that a helmet, with our paternal crest on the top of it, which is a ducal crown with two half bannerets set upright on it. Behind the scutcheon is a large mantle, and about that side of the seal is this inscription: Souto bond voluntatis tuc coronasti nos ; meaning, With the shield of thy good will hast thou crowned us;" referring to the kindness of the king, who so liberally granted the charter by which Lord Baltimore became proprie- tor of Maryland.
This was declared to be the Great Seal until otherwise ordered. When the province came under Cromwell's Commissioners in 1651, this seal was lost or stolen, and in 1658, Lord Balti- more sent over another by Fendall, his Lieutenant- Governor, who arrived in February.
This seal was used until 1726. We then find the following on the title-page of the Acts of the
What on the other ? Motto ? What above the scutcheon ? Inscription ? What is said further of this seal? How long
.
164
GREAT SEAL OF MARYLAND.
General Assembly of that year. It will be seen to be quite different, in many respects, from the one above described. George II. became King of England in that year. This seal is continued on the title-page of the Acts of General As- sembly each year successively down to 1765. In that year we find the former Great Seal, which was continued down to the Revolution.
In 1776, by the first Constitution of the State, the Council was authorized to adopt a seal. It is presumed that this duty was discharged by adopt- ing the seal of 1658, which was continued until 1854, when, by act of Assembly, the eagle with expanded wings was substituted as a crest, instead of the ducal crown and bannerets.
The seal now is like the engraving at the head of this subject.
GREAT
THE
SEAL
1632.
1354.
OF
MARYLAND.
was it used? What seal was used after this? What of the seal of 1776? What change in 1854?
F857,009
5421
Need help finding more records? Try our genealogical records directory which has more than 1 million sources to help you more easily locate the available records.