USA > Maine > Cumberland County > Portland > The history of Portland, from 1632 to 1864: with a notice of previous settlements, colonial grants, and changes of government in Maine > Part 26
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George Bartlett,
Neck.
Back Cove,
304
HISTORY OF PORTLAND.
John Brown, Sen., George Burroughs, Joshua Brackett. Thomas Brown. Philip Carpenter,
Purpooduck. Neck.
Spurwink.
Thaddeus Clarke,
Neck,
Thomas Cloice,
Neck.
John Corney,
Neck,
John Culliver.
Abraham Collings. *Henry Crosby. *Andrew Cranch.
Ebenezer Davenport,
New Casco.
Isaac Davis,
Stroudwater.
Purpooduck.
Purpooduck.
Neck.
Purpooduck.
John Davis, Joseph Daniel.
Henry Donnell,
John Durham.
Moses Durant ..
*Philip Edes.
John Edwards, *Thomas Enow. George Felt,
James Freeze,
Jacob Freeze,
Nicholas Freeby.
Moses Felt. *John Frizell. *John Flea. Elihu Gullison.
Edmund Gale,
Robert Greason
Philip Gammon.
John Gustin or Augustine John, John Graves. Robert Haines, Peter Housing, Henry Harwood, Philip Horman.
Jewell's Island.
Purpooduck.
New Casco. Neck. Purpooduck.
Back Cove. Presumpscot, Purpooduck. Presumpscot.
Purpooduck. Presumpscot. Neck.
*
Lawrence Davis,
Jacob Davis, Silvanus Davis,
305
EARLY SETTLERS AND RESIDENCE.
John Holman,
Joseph Holmes,
Joseph Hodgedon,
Francis Haines.
John Harris,
Purpooduck.
George Ingersoll,
Capisic.
George Ingersoll, Jr.,
Capisic.
John Ingersoll,
Capisic
Joseph Ingersoll,
Capisic.
Samuel Ingersoll,
Dominicus Jordan,
Spurwink.
William James,
Purpooduck.
Francis Jefferies, John Jones,
John Jordan,
son of Rev. Robert, of Spurwink.
Robert Jordan,
Samuel Jordan,
Jedediah Jordan,
Jeremiah Jordan,
John Lane,
Isaac Larrabee.
Joshua Lane,
Robert Lawrence,
George Lewis,
Philip Lewis, Anthony Libbee,
Thomas Loveitt,
*Henry Langmaid. *John Marshall. James Mariner,
Joel Madefor, Sen.,
Wm. Mansfield.
Dennis Morough,
Purpooduck.
Peter Morrell,
Neck.
Robert Morrell,
Joel Madefor, Jr. Joseph Morgan, Ephraim Marston.
Robert Nicholls or Nicholson, Francis Nichols,
Purpooduck, lived in North Yamouth be- fore first war.
New Casco.
Neck, moved to York about 1686.
Purpooduck.
Back Cove.
Neck.
Back Cove.
Back Cove.
Moved to Portsmouth about 1685 ; he was a carpenter and brother-in-law of A. Brackett.
Purpooduck.
Neck.
Purpooduck.
Neck.
Purpooduck.
Presumpscot. . Neck.
-
Capisic,
Neck.
Neck.
306
HISTORY OF PORTLAND.
Neck, brother-in-law of Geo. Ingersoll, Jr. Neck.
Neck.
Purpooduck. Purpooduck.
Matthew Patten or Paullin,
Purpooduck.
Wm. Pearce. John Peadrick.
Neck.
Thomas Peck,
Back Cove.
Sampson Penley,
Purpooduck.
Joseph Phippen,
Purpooduck.
David Phippen,
Purpooduck.
Richard Pope,
Spurwink.
Richard Powsland or Powsley, Samuel Pike, *John Randall. John Rider,
Capisic.
New Casco.
*James Randall. Wm. Rogers,
New Casco.
James Ross,
Back Cove.
*Thomas Roby. *Job Runnells. Richard Seacomb,
Neck and Back Cove.
Back Cove.
Purpooduck. Stroudwater. Spurwink.
1
Purpooduck.
Purpooduck.
Thomas Staniford, John Staniford, Clement Swett,
Purpooduck.
Purpooduck.
*Robert Shares. Samuel Skillings. Lewis Tucker, John Tucker, Ralph Turner,
Edward Tyng, *Richard Thomlin.
New Casco. New Casco. Purpooduck. Neck.
John Nicholson, Jonathan Orris, *Robert Oliver. *Thomas Paine. John Palmer, Thomas Page, John Parrott,
*Andrew Shaw. John Seacomb. *Peter Shaw. John Smith, Leonard Slew, John Skillings, Thomas Sparke, Robert. Staniford,
Back Cove.
307
EARLY SETTLERS AND RESIDENCE,
Nathaniel Wallis,
Back Cove.
John Wallis,
Purpooduck.
Josiah Wallis,
Purpooduck.
James Wallis,
Purpooduck.
Benjamin Wallis,
Purpooduck.
Joseph Wallis,
Purpooduck.
Thomas Wallis,
Purpooduck.
Samuel Webber,
Stroudwater.
Thomas Webber.
Joseph Webber.
Michael Webber,
Purpooduck,
Purpooduck.
Purpooduck. He left only two children,
Mary and Dorcas, who married Nathaniel and John Danford of Newbury. Purpooduck. Josiah had a daughter Meri- am, married Richard Suntay.
Nathaniel Wharff,
New Casco.
John Wheelden,
Stroudwater.
Nathaniel Webber.
James Webber.
Samuel York. Benjamin York.
[The following tax list, discovered since the first edition of this work was pub- lished, furnishes me with some additional names. The tax for town charges in 1683, was twelve pounds sixteen shillings four pence. The province charges were seventeen pounds seventeen shillings ten pence. In the tax for 1683, were the following items, viz:
"Richard Powsland for money lent the town to go for Mr. Burroughs £1.10. twenty or thirty shillings in good pay.
Anthony Brackett to pay part of Mr. Burroughs' passage, 5.
Passage, and boards and nails for ye ministers house and workmen, 5.5.
To John Ingersoll and George Ingersoll for one thousand boards to ? floor the meeting-house 1.10.
"A rate made by the selectmen of the town of Falmouth, the 24th of Novem- ber, 1684, on the real estate, and all vacant lands of the inhabitants of said town. Mr. Nathaniel Frier, £0.19.5
Mrs. Jordan, Jeremiah's mother,
1.09.10
Robert Elliott, 9, .
Wm. Lucas,
2.6
Samuel Sweat, 2.6
Mr. John Clark, 2.6
Zachariah White,
Nathaniel White,
Josiah White,
308
HISTORY OF PORTLAND.
The warrant is directed to the constable of Spurwink, Richmond's Island, and Cape Elizabeth : and is signed,
ANTHONY BRACKETT, WALTER GENDALL, GEORGE INGERSOLL,
Selectmen.] THADDEUS CLARKE,
pun willis 1854 at the age of 60 years.
CHAPTER XII.
REVIVAL OF THE TOWN AT PURPOODUCK AND NEW CASCO-DUDLEY'S TREATY, 1703-TREATY VIOLATED, COMMENCEMENT OF THIRD INDIAN WAR-SETTLEMENTS AT PURPOODUCK AND NEW CASCO DESTROYED --- NEW CASCO FORT ABANDONED-PEACE-THE NECK SETTLED-RESETTLEMENT OF THE TOWN-FALMOUTH INCORPORATED-IRISH IMMIGRANTS-MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT-OLD AND NEW PROPRIETORS-DISTRI- BUTION OF LAND ON THE NECK-ACCESSION TO THE POPULATION-CONTROVERSY BETWEEN OLD AND NEW PROPRIETORS.
In the former part of our history we have followed the for- tunes of our town from its first settlement to the close of the seventeenth century, and left it stripped by savage warfare of inhabitants and dwellings, a scene of perfect desolation. We now resume the subject and hope to lead the reader through a brighter path to the substantial prosperity of the present day.
After the peace of 1698, a few of the old settlers straggled back to their cheerless places of residence, particularly at Pur- pooduck and Spurwink. The Jordan family, whose property lay in the latter neighborhood, collected upon their desolate possessions and began the world again ; they were probably the first who returned. In the spring of 1703, a number of persons had returned to Purpooduck Point and erected houses there. Their names were Michael Webber, Benjamin, Joseph, James, and Josiah Wallis, Joseph Morgan, Thomas Lovitt, Nathaniel White, and Joel Madeford; the latter had been an inhabitant before the first war. All these persons had families, and zealously entered upon the task of reviving the settlement.
310
HISTORY OF PORTLAND.
We have not the least evidence that the Neck was at this time occupied. A fort, instead of being erected upon the site of Fort Loyal, was established on a point east of Pre- sumpscot river on the farm which had formerly belonged to James Andrews.1 That part of Falmouth, since that time, has borne the name of New Casco, to distinguish it from the Neck, where Fort Loyal stood, which was then called Old Casco. The fort at New Casco was erected in 1700, intended princi- pally for a truck or trading establishment, to accommodate the Indians, and supported by government in pursuance of the late treaty .? Settlers soon gathered in the vicinity of the fort ; among whom was David Phippen, son of Joseph Phippen, an ancient settler in Purpooduck, whose house stood by the gully, on the east side of Presumpscot river, nearly opposite Staple's Point.3 A Mr. Kent and Samuel Haywood, also lived in the same neighborhood.
On the breaking out of the war between France and England, in 1702, apprehensions were entertained by the government of Massachusetts, that the eastern Indians would again commence hostilities. To prevent this calamity, Governor Dudley, in the summer of 1703, visited the coast as far east as Pemaquid, and held conferences with the Indians. On the 20th of June, a grand council was assembled at the fort in New Casco, at- tended by the chiefs of the Norridgewock, Penobscot, Penacook, Ameriscoggin, and Pequakett tribes. The chiefs were well armed and generally painted with a variety of colors ; those of the Ameriscoggin tribe were accompanied by about two hun- dred and fifty men in sixty-five canoes.
1 The point for many years retained the name of Fort Point; the farm now 1833, belongs to Samuel Moody. [A large part of it has since passed into other hands.]
2 The resolve for erecting the trading house with suitable fortifications, passed July 8, 1700. By the resolve it was provided that a smith should be kept there to mend the Indians' hatchets and fire-arms at a reasonable price.
3 Deposition of S. Haywood of Reading, 1732.
311
RENEWAL OF INDIAN TROUBLES.
The meeting was conducted in the most friendly manner ; the natives assured the governor "that they aimed at nothing more than peace; and that as high as the sun was above the earth, so far distant should their designs be of making the least breach between each other."' As a pledge of their sin- cerity, they presented him with a belt of wampum, and each party added a great number of stones to two pillars which had been erected at a former treaty, and called the Two Brothers, in testimony of their amicable arrangement. After this cere- mony, several volleys were fired on each side, and the Indians expressed their satisfaction by singing, dancing, and loud accla- mations of joy.
It is said, however, that designs of a treacherous nature were concealed under these pacific manifestations, and that the sav- ages had protracted the treaty several days in expectation of the arrival of a French force, with a view to destroy the Eng- lish commissioners. This suspicion derives some confirmation from the fact that within two months from the date of the treaty, "the whole eastern country was in a conflagration, no house standing nor garrison unattacked."2 In August, 1703, the enemy, consisting of five hundred French and Indians, in- vaded our frontier, and dividing into small parties, unexpectedly attacked all the settlements from Casco to Wells. The inhabi- tants of Purpooduck were the most severe sufferers in this sud- den onset. There were nine families then settled upon and near the Point, who were not protected by any garrison.3 The Indi-
1 Penhallow.
2 Penhallow. About this time the French had drawn off a great number of Indian families from the Penobscot, Norridgewock, Saco, and Pequaket tribes, and settled them at St. Francois, in Canada, as a protection against the six na- tions, who were in the Englishi interest. These were afterward called the St- Francois Indians and were let loose by the French from time to time to prey upon the defenseless frontiers of New Hampshire and Massachusetts. Hutchin- son, vol. ii. p. 131.
3 This was subsequently called Spring Point, and probably received its name from an excellent and unfailing spring which issues from the bank just above high-water-mark. [Fort Preble was erected on this point in 1808 and 1809.]
.
312
HISTORY OF PORTLAND.
ans came suddenly upon the defenseless hamlet when the men were absent, killed twenty-five persons and took several prison- ers. Among the killed were Thomas Lovitt and his family, Joel Madeford or Madiver, and the wives of Josiah and Benjamin Wallis, and of Michael Webber.' The wife of Joseph Wallis was taken captive: Josiah Wallis made his escape to Black Point with his son John, then seven years old, part of the way upon his back.2 Spurwink, principally occupied by the Jordan family, was attacked at the same time, and twenty-two persons by the name of Jordan were killed and taken prisoners. Do- minicus Jordan, the third son of the Rev. Robert, was among the killed, and his family consisting of six children were carried to Canada ;3 his brother Jeremiah was among the prisoners, who was subsequently called French Jeremy, from the circumstance of his having been carried to France .* The whole country, from
1 Madeford or Madiver, was the son of Michael Madiver, who lived at Purpoo- duck before the first war; the name does not exist here now, nor in the country to our knowledge. [Michael Madiver had by his wife Rebecca, in Boston, a daughter Mary, born August 12, 1677. Michael lived at one time in Scarborough where he married a widow Carter. The name is spelt Madeford, and in the Ge- nealogical Register, vol. iii. p. 194, Madinde, and p. 526, Maddine.] The Indi- ans ripped open Webber's wife, who was pregnant, and took two children from her.
2 Deposition of John Wallis, who was living in 1760. The family of Wallis, which was formerly so numerous here, is nearly run out; there are one or two limbs in rather a decayed state remaining ; some of them spell the name Wal- lace ; they are all descendants of John Wallis, who lived at Purpoocuck before before the first war, and was selectman in 1681; they returned here from Glou- cester, Cape Ann.
" See p. 296.
* [Dominicus Jordan married Hannah Tristram, daughter of Ralph Tristram, of Winter Harbor, about 1680. This union introduced the name Tristram, now very common as a Christian name in the descendants of this couple, as Tristram Jordan, Tristram Vaughan, etc. Their six children were Dominicus, born 1682, Nathaniel, Samuel settled in Biddeford, Arabella, otherwise called Mary Ann; she never returned, and was living, unmarried, in 1761, at Trois Rivieres in Can_ ada. Hannah married Joseph Calef of Boston, and Elizabeth married Hum- phrey Scammon of Kittery and Biddeford.]
313
THE THIRD INDIAN WAR.
Purpooduck Point to Spurwink, was covered with woods, ex- cept the few spots which the inhabitants had cleared. This afforded facilities to the Indians for concealment and protec- tion. From these coverts they made their sudden and cruel visits, then returned to mingle again with the other wild ten- ants of the forests, beyond the reach of pursuit.
The enemy next directed their attention to the fort at New Casco. This was the most considerable fort on the eastern coast, and was the central point of defense for all the settle- ments upon Casco bay ;1 under its protection, several persons had collected to revive the fortunes of the town. Major March commanded the garrison at this time, consisting of but thirty- six men. The enemy practiced a stratagem in hopes of taking the fort without loss of life, and for this purpose their able chiefs, Moxus, Wanungonet, and Assacombuit sent a flag of truce to the commanding officer, soliciting a conference, under pretence that they had something important to communicate. At first, Major March declined the invitation, suspecting some treachery, but afterward, as they seemed to be few in number and unarmed, he concluded to meet them, taking the precau- tion to post two or three sentinels, where they might be ready in case of danger. On his arrival at the place of meeting, they saluted him civilly, but immediately drew their tomahawks from under their robes, and violently assaulted him, while oth- ers in ambush shot down one of the sentinels. March, being a man of uncommon strength as well as courage, wrested the tomahawk from one of the assailants and successfully de- fended himself until Sergeant Hook arrived from the fort with a file of ten men and rescued him from his perilous situation. Mr. Phippen and Mr. Kent, who accompanied Major March, being less able from advanced age to resist this savage attack
1 In 1703, the fort was enlarged, and beds and bedding were furnished for the first time, by order of government.
21
314
HISTORY OF PORTLAND.
were overpowered and slain.1 The enemy being disappointed in their main object, destroyed the cottages or huts in the vi- cinity and laid siege to the fort. From the weakness of the garrison, the utmost vigilance was required on the part of the commanding officer to prevent surprise ; he consequently di- vided his men into three companies of twelve each, who interchanged watching every two hours without intermission for six days and nights. At the end of that time the enemy received an addition to their force, when the whole amounted to five hundred French and Indians, and were commanded by M. Bobassin, a French officer. This reinforcement had just returned from a successful incursion upon the western towns ; they had taken one sloop, two shallops, and considerable plun-
I'Penhallow speaking of the slaughter of Phippen and Kent, says, "being advanced in years, they were so infirm, that I might say of them as Juvenal did of Priam, they had scarce blood enough left to tinge the knife of the sacrifice." David Phippen was the son of Joseph, who lived at Purpooduck as early as 1650. In the previous war the family moved to Salem, and David was probably the only one who returned. He had purchased in 1699, a large tract on the Pre- sumpscot river of George Felt, Francis Neale, and Jenkin Williams, which they bought of the Indians in 1677. He came down no doubt to improve this estate extending from Congin to about half a mile below the lower falls. He left four children, one of whom, Anna, married John Green of Salem. [David Phippen's great-grandfather, David, was among the early settlers of Hingham, Massachu- setts, from which he moved to Boston, where David his grandson was born in 1647. He was a shipwright, His children were David, Ann, Thomas, Abigail, Elizabeth, and Cromwell. Ann married Benjamin Ropes of Salem.
Major John March was of Newbury, son of Hugh. He received a captain's commission in Phipps' unfortunate expedition against Canada in 1690. When he took charge of Casco fort, he moved his family there, had a stock of cattle and cultivated a parcel of ground in the neighborhood of the fort. In a petition to the General Court in 1703, he states that in the attack on the fort, he lost a sloop and her furniture, eighty-nine head of sheep and cattle, five and a half acres of wheat, six acres of as good peas as ever I saw, four and a half acres of Indian corn, and that his whole loss exceeded five hundred pounds. November 20, 1703, the General Court granted him fifty pounds "in consideration of his brave defense of his majesty's fort at Casco Bay." In 1707, he was placed at the head of the expedition to Port Royal, but he broke down, and the attempt was a miserable failure. We hear no more of him as a military man.
Kent was probably John Kent from Newbury, a townsman of Col. March.]
315
THE THIRD INDIAN WAR.
der, and were flushed with victory. They immediately com- menced undermining the fort on the water side, and as this was situated upon an elevated bank, they could work securely out of the range of its guns, and were protected by a superior force from the danger of a sally. They had proceeded two days and nights, and would probably soon have succeeded in their attempt, had not the garrison fortunately been relieved by the arrival of a province armed vessel, commanded by Capt. Cyprian Southack, which interrupted their plans. South- ack retook their prizes, forced them to raise the siege, and shat- tered their navy, consisting of two hundred canoes. The.In- dians made a hasty retreat, but still hovered in the vicinity of Casco bay, which was a central situation for them, and the waters of which furnished them with an inexhaustible supply of provisions. In the autumn of 1703, they surprised a ves- sel in the bay, killed the master and three men, and wounded two more. They occasionally practiced upon their prisoners the most revolting cruelties ; in one instance a woman who had been killed, was exposed in a brutal manner with her infant fastened to her breast and left to perish. In Casco, Col Church relates that an English soldier was found in the early part of the war, with a stake driven through his body, his head cut off, and a hog's head placed on his shoulders, and his heart and in- wards taken out and hung around his body. The eastern towns were not the only places which suffered in this war. Deerfield and other settlements in the western part of Massachusetts were cut off, and many lives were destroyed and property laid waste on the whole frontier, both of that province and New Hampshire.
To arm a force sufficient to repel their cruel invaders, gov- ernment deemed it necessary to call to its aid the avarice of the people, and they offered a bounty of forty pounds for. every Indian scalp that should be brought in. This excited a spirit of enterprise in the inhabitants, whichi made them endure incredible hardships in pursuing the enemy through the for-
316
HISTORY OF PORTLAND.
ests in the depth of winter to procure this valuable merchan- dise.
After the melancholy events of 1703, Falmouth was entirely deserted of inhabitants, and did not become the scene of fur- ther cruelties during the war. Saco, Scarborough, and the places in this province further west were continually harrassed and lost many of their active and promising young men, as well as the aged, and women and children. The war was crowded with scenes of cruelty and blood, similar to those of the last wars, and which give to Indian hostilities a ferocious and hor- rible celebrity. The war was particularly distinguished by the capture of Port Royal, in Nova Scotia, from the French, which was afterward called Annapolis, in honor of Queen Anne .*
The fort in Falmouth continued to be maintained during the war, although not without considerable opposition. In 1704, Col. Church gave his strong testimony against supporting it.1 In 1710, the house of representatives passed a resolve to aban- don it, which was nonconcurred in by the council : they say, "Whereas the first and sole end of settling a garrison at Casco Bay, was for a trading-house to accommodate the eastern In- dians in time of peace, but upon the breaking out of the war, it was thought necessary to enlarge the said garrison and make it more defensive, supposing it might be advantageous for the covering the fishery and to recruit our forces that might march
* [The first expedition against Port Royal, undertaken in 1707, under Col. March, was unsuccessful and a shameful affair. The next attempt, made in 1710, was more formidable, consisting of land and naval forces from England, with the aid of four regiments raised in New England. The place was surren- dered in October, 1710, and the name changed to Annapolis, which it has ever since borne.]
' 1 Church says, "To conclude all, if your Excellency will be pleased to make yourself great and us a happy people, as to the destroying of our enemies and easing of our taxes, etc., be pleased to draw forth all those forces now in pay in all the eastern parts, both at Saco and Casco Bay; for those two trading- houses never did any good, nor never will, and are not worthy the name of Queen's forts."
317
THE THIRD INDIAN WAR.
toward the headquarters of the enemy ; but by experience it is known that the fort is of little or no security to our fishery or of any advantage to our marching forces, but of great expense and charge, etc. It is therefore "ordered that the forces be withdrawn, etc." Several attempts were made to induce the governor to relinquish the fort here as an unnecessary public burden, but he would not consent to it. In 1715, the house voted to garrison Pejepscot fort, situated at the falls in Bruns- wick, and to abandon that at Casco; a committee reported that "the fort or trading-house at Casco, which being much out of repair, we are of opinion it is for his majesty's service that it be slighted and no longer continued ;" and they recommended repairing Pejepscot fort and drawing twenty men, the num- ber at Casco, for Arrowsic. The governor replied, "I shall give orders to draw out nineteen men and an ensign from Casco fort for Arrowsic, and also raise fifteen men for Brunswick, but cannot see reason at present to demolish Casco fort until his majesty's pleasure be known." The house adhered to their resolution, and after reciting their' former vote and asserting that the governor had power by the charter to demolish forts without orders from the king, "Voted that no more money be drawn from the public treasury to pay officers or soldiers at the fort of Casco, after September first next."!
Major Samuel Moody, in the early part of the war, 1707, succeeded Major March in the command at Casco fort ; he re- ceived frequent communications from the enemy, and was the organ of correspondence between them and the government. In 1713, hostilities having ceased in Europe,2 the Indians sent a flag of truce to Major Moody desiring peace, and requesting that a conference might be had at Casco. The governor being notified of their application, consented to enter into a treaty
1 Massachusetts Records.
? The treaty of Utrecht was signed July 13, 1713 ; hostilities had ceased some time before.
318
HISTORY OF PORTLAND.
with them, but insisted on their meeting him at Portsmouth. At that place, articles of pacification were entered into July 13, 1713, by delegates on the part of the Indians from the tribes on the St. John, Kennebec, Ameriscoggin, Saco, and Merrimac, which were accepted and formally confirmed by a great body of Indians, who were assembled at Falmouth, waiting the re- sult. When the several articles were read and explained to them, they expressed their satisfaction by loud demonstrations of joy. Thus was peace concluded after ten years of constant agitation in New England, under circumstances which gave hope of long continuance. By one of the articles, the English were allowed to enter upon their former settlements without molestation or claim on the part of the Indians ; while to the latter was reserved the right of hunting, fishing, and fowling as freely as they enjoyed in 1693. There was a stipulation in the treaty, that government should establish convenient trading- houses for the Indians, where they might obtain their supplies without the fraud and extortion which had been practiced in former years. In pursuance of this article, a trading-house was established at Winter harbor and another in Falmouth.1
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