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Gc 977.402 D48bu v.1 11802 92
GENEALOGY COLLECTION
ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY 3 1833 00828 4488
15 -
4 vous.
CLARENCE M. BURTON
The City of Detroit Michigan
1701-1922
CLARENCE M. BURTON, Editor-in-Chief WILLIAM STOCKING, Associate Editor GORDON K. MILLER, Associate Editor
PONTIAC.
VOLUME I
DETROIT-CHICAGO THE S. J. CLARKE PUBLISHING COMPANY 1922
0X Cm_ 5.00 (4 vds)
Souls
CONTENTS
VOLUME I
1180292
PART I INTRODUCTORY
CHAPTER I DETROIT AND WAYNE COUNTY
A GENERAL VIEW-LOCATION AND BOUNDARIES-LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE-TOPOG- RAPHY-THE DETROIT RIVER-ISLANDS OF THE RIVER-DRAINAGE-EXTINCT STREAMS-GEOLOGY-LIMESTONES-IRON ORE-CLAY, PEAT AND MARL-THE GLACIAL EPOCH-SOILS-CLIMATE-THE NAME "DETROIT" 33
CHAPTER II PREHISTORIC DETROIT
THEORIES REGARDING THE FIRST INHABITANTS-THE MOUND BUILDERS-WAYNE COUNTY MOUNDS-WHO WERE THE MOUND BUILDERS-THE INDIANS-TRIBAL DISTRIBUTION AT THE BEGINNING OF THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY-THE CHIPPEWA -THE IROQUOIS-THE HURON-THE MASCOUTEN-THE MIAMI-THE OTTAWA- THE POTTAWATOMI-SAC AND FOX CONFEDERACY-THE WINNEBAGO-MINOR TRIBES-REGION INHABITED BY EACH-THEIR IMPORTANCE IN HISTORY-SOCIAL ORGANIZATION-TRADITIONS, ETC. 42
CHAPTER III THE FIRST WHITE MEN
COUREURS DE BOIS-SAMUEL CHAMPLAIN-THE JESUIT MISSIONARIES-MARQUETTE AND JOLIET-PERROT'S COUNCIL-DE LUSSON'S PROCLAMATION-DISCOVERY OF THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER-LA SALLE'S EXPEDITIONS-THE GRIFFON-HENNEPIN'S DESCRIPTION OF THE DETROIT RIVER-HE ASCENDS THE MISSISSIPPI-DOLLIER AND GALINEE-THE BROKEN IDOL-AN INDIAN LEGEND- GALINEE'S MAP AND NARRATIVE 55
CHAPTER IV INDIAN TREATIES OF CESSION
SPAIN'S POLICY TOWARD THE INDIANS-THE FRENCH POLICY-THE ENGLISH POLICY -THE UNITED STATES POLICY-ORIGIN OF INDIAN TREATIES-TREATY OF FORT
V
vi
CONTENTS
STANWIX-TREATY OF GREENVILLE-TREATY OF DETROIT-TREATY OF ST. MARY'S -TREATY OF CHICAGO-TREATY OF UPPER SANDUSKY-INDIAN RESERVATION IN WAYNE COUNTY-INDIAN NAMES ALL THAT IS LEFT. 64
PART II POLITICAL AND CIVIC HISTORY
CHAPTER V CADILLAC-A BIOGRAPHY
UNCERTAINTY REGARDING CADILLAC'S EARLY LIFE-MEMORIAL TABLET AT HIS BIRTH- PLACE-CADILLAC'S MARRIAGE-HIS CHILDREN-LAND GRANT ON THE ATLANTIC COAST-COMMANDANT AT MICHILIMACKINAC-ESTABLISHES A POST AT DETROIT- GOVERNOR OF LOUISIANA-THE MISSISSIPPI BUBBLE-IMPRISONED IN THE BAS- TILE-AT CASTELSARRASIN-THE CADILLAC CHAIR AT DETROIT. 72
CHAPTER VI BEGINNING OF DETROIT
CADILLAC RECOGNIZES THE ADVANTAGES OF THE DETROIT RIVER-HE WRITES TO COUNT FRONTENAC-CADILLAC GOES TO FRANCE-HE IS COMMISSIONED TO ESTABLISH A POST-THE VOYAGE TO DETROIT -- BUILDING THE POST-COMPANY OF THE COLONY OF CANADA-LITIGATION-CADILLAC'S REPORT TO COUNT PONT- CHARTRAIN-CADILLAC REGAINS POSSESSION-QUARREL WITH THE JESUITS- DISPOSAL OF LOTS-FIRST WHITE WOMEN-MADAME CADILLAC TABLET-A FEW 83 FIRST THINGS
CHAPTER VII DETROIT UNDER FRENCH RULE
FRENCH COMMANDANTS AFTER CADILLAC-PIERRE ALPHONSE DE TONTY-SIEUR DE BOURGMONT-SIEUR DUBUISSON-FRANCOIS DE LA FOREST-JACQUES CHARLES SABREVOIS-SIEUR DE LOUVIGNY-PICOTE DE BELESTRE-SIEUR DESCHAILLONS- SIEUR DE BOISIIEBERT-SIEUR DE LIVANDIERE-NICOLAS JOSEPH DESNOYELLES -PIERRE JACQUES PAYAN DE NOYAN-PIERRE JOSEPH CELORON-PAUL JOSEPH LE MOINE-SIEUR DE MUY-JEAN BAPTISTE HENRY BERANGER-PICOTE DE BE- LESTRE II-FIFTY-NINE YEARS' PROGRESS. 97
CHAPTER VIII BRITISH DOMINATION: 1760-1796
CONDITIONS AT DETROIT IN 1760-MAJ. ROBERT ROGERS-CAPT. DONALD CAMPBELL- MAJ. HENRY GLADWIN- COL. JOHN BRADSTREET-LIEUT .- COL. JOHN CAMPBELL -CAPT. GEORGE TURNBULL- FIGHT OVER ILE AUX COCHONS-CAPT. GEORGE ETHERINGTON-MAJ. HENRY BASSETT-THE QUEBEC ACT-JOHN CONNOLLY- RICHARD BERINGER LERNOULT-ARENT SCHUYLER DE PEYSTER-JEHU HAY- MAJ. WILLIAM ANCRUM-CAPT. THOMAS BENNETT-CAPT. ROBERT MATTHEWS- MAJ. PATRICK MURRAY-MAJ. JOHN SMITH-COL. RICHARD ENGLAND. 114
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CONTENTS
CHAPTER IX
UNDER THE UNITED STATES
TREATY OF 1783-HOW IT WAS NEGOTIATED-COLONIAL CLAIMS TO TERRITORY WEST OF THE OHIO RIVER-BOUNDARIES-PLANS PROPOSED-THE OHIO COMPANY -ORDINANCE OF 1787-THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY-BRITISH INTRIGUE-AMER- ICAN OCCUPATION-TERRITORY OF INDIANA-TERRITORY OF MICHIGAN-SECOND GRADE OF GOVERNMENT-CHANGES IN BOUNDARIES-TERRITORIAL GOVERNORS- STATE OF MICHIGAN-CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION-ADMISSION INTO THE 137
UNION
CHAPTER X LAW AND ORDER IN EARLY DETROIT BY CLARENCE M. BURTON
CHARACTER OF PEOPLE-THE MILITARY COMMANDANT-PRIEST AS ARBITRATOR- CADILLAC'S AUTOCRATIC RULE-INCENDIARISM-CRIMINAL ASSAULT-MILITARY LAWS-HIGHER COURT APPEAL-ROBERT NAVARRE-PHILIP DEJEAN: FIRST ENGLISH JUSTICE-FIRST DETROIT PUBLIC RECORDS-DEED FROM PONTIAC- OTHER NOTARIES-COURT FOR PETTY CASES-FIRST DETROIT ELECTION- POWERS OF THE JUSTICE-CUILLERIER MURDER CASE-PROBATE BUSINESS- ARBITRATORS-MARRIAGE CONTRACTS-USE OF ARBITRATION-PLEA FOR DAMAGES-KING'S SURVEYOR-POLITICAL SITUATION IN 1774-QUEBEC ACT- LAW OF ALLOTMENT-COURT OF COMMON PLEAS-EARLY FINANCES-MORT- GAGES-FORECLOSURE-FRENCH VS. ENGLISH LAW-ARTICLES OF CAPITULA- TION-NEW QUEBEC PROVINCE-EXTRACTS OF PUBLIC RECORDS-CRIME PREVENTION-PROHIBITION FOR INDIANS-CONTENCINEAU CASE: ITS IM- PORTANCE-INDICTMENT OF DEJEAN AND HAMILTON-HISTORICAL IMPORT- ANCE-WATCH FOR ANTI-ROYALISTS-ARTICLE OF INDENTURE-SALES OF SLAVES-FIRST CLAIM FOR DOWER IN REAL ESTATE-REAL ESTATE TITLES- FIRST FUGITIVE SLAVE-DISTURBING THE PEACE. 160
CHAPTER XI LAW AND ORDER IN EARLY DETROIT (Continued)
BY CLARENCE M. BURTON
UNCERTAIN NEWS-DEJEAN'S SUCCESSOR-REAL ESTATE SPECULATION IN 1780- PETITION FOR MILL-PROTESTANT MARRIAGE CEREMONIES-CENSUS OF 1782- TERRITORIAL CHANGE AFTER 1782-KING'S OWNERSHIP OF DETROIT PROP- ERTY-MILITARY AUTHORITY OVER DEBTS-IMPROVEMENT OF RIVER LAND- HEALTH MEASURES-REMOVAL OF RECORDS TO QUEBEC-FORMATION OF DISTRICT OF HESSE-APPOINTMENT OF ASSESSOR-HAY AN UNPOPULAR GOV- ERNOR-BRITISH VIEW OF DETROIT IN 1787-COURT OF COMMON PLEAS ES- TABLISHED-OPPOSITION OF ENGLISH TO NEW COURT-FIRST JUSTICE OF COMMON PLEAS-DIVISION OF CANADIAN PROVINCES-PARLIAMENTARY ELEC- TION IN DETROIT-MINOR SUITS OF INTEREST-POLICE REGULATIONS-FIRE PREVENTION-PARLIAMENTARY LAWS FOR DETROIT-PREPARATIONS FOR
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CONTENTS
SECOND SESSION-ANTIPATHY TOWARD AMERICAN SYMPATHIZERS-VISIT OF GOVERNOR SIMCOE-SECOND SESSION OF PARLIAMENT-REGULATION OF MARRIAGES-LEGISLATION ON SLAVERY-PROBATE AND SURROGATE COURTS- LIQUOR LICENSE FUND FOR LEGISLATIVE SALARIES-THIRD SESSION OF FIRST PARLIAMENT- COURT OF KING'S BENCH-FOURTH SESSION OF FIRST PAR- LIAMENT-FIRST SESSION OF SECOND PARLIAMENT 199
CHAPTER XII LAW AND ORDER IN EARLY DETROIT (Continued)
BY CLARENCE M. BURTON
ORGANIZATION OF NORTHWEST TERRITORY-TERRITORIAL LAWS AND COURTS - JAY'S TREATY-WAYNE COUNTY ORGANIZED-NEW TERRITORIAL LAWS-FORMA- TION OF COURTS-PETER AUDRAIN-ORPHAN'S COURT-ALLEGIANCE TO GREAT BRITAIN-JOHN ASKIN'S PETITION OF ALLEGIANCE-A COUNTER PETITION- DISAFFECTION AMONG TROOPS-SENTIMENT AGAINST ASKIN-DETROIT UNDER MARTIAL LAW-LIBEL AGAINST JUDGE MAY-EXECUTION AGAINST DEBTORS' PROPERTY-EARLY ESTATES OPENED-QUARREL IN COMMON PLEAS COURT- SECOND GRADE GOVERNMENT INSTITUTED-GRAND JURY REPORT-COURT FEES-DIVISION OF NORTHWEST TERRITORY-SECOND ASSEMBLY ELECTION -CISSNE PROTEST AGAINST MCDOUGALL ELECTION-MEETING OF SECOND ASSEMBLY-BILL TO ALTER BOUNDARIES-ITS AMENDMENT-INCORPORATION OF DETROIT-APPOINTMENT OF TOWN OFFICERS-CONGRESSIONAL DELEGATES -FORMATION OF MICHIGAN TERRITORY-GOVERMENNTAL APPOINTMENTS- FIGHT FOR TERRITORIAL ORGANIZATION-LAND TITLES-BRITISH CITIZENS IN DETROIT-LOYAL AMERICANS IN DETROIT-GENERAL CONDITIONS, 1796-1800- JOUET'S DESCRIPTION OF DETROIT-MCNIFF'S WRITINGS-RELIGIOUS MATTERS -PUBLIC MORALS AT LOW EBB-SOLDIERS TIIE WORST OFFENDERS-TERRI- TORIAL JUDICIAL DISTRICTS-SUPREME AND OTHER COURTS-THE PROBATE COURT-COUNTY COURTS-CRANE VS. REEDER: A NOTABLE LAW CASE. . 236
CHAPTER XIII INCORPORATION OF DETROIT AND DEVELOPMENT OF MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT
FIRST MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT-CHARTER OF 1802-TOWN ELECTIONS-FIRE OF 1805-THE GOVERNOR AND JUDGES-PLAN FOR NEW TOWN-INCORPORATION OF 1806 AND TEXT OF THE CHARTER-AUTOCRATIC GOVERNMENT-THE KING'S COM- MONS-GOVERNOR AND JUDGES AS A LAND BOARD-CHARTER OF 1815-THE COMMON COUNCIL-CHARTER AMENDMENTS-CITY DIVIDED INTO WARDS- CHIARTER OF 1857-CITIZENS' MEETINGS-BOARD OF ESTIMATES-THE NEW CHIARTER-THE PRESENT MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT-BOUNDARIES AND ANNEX- ATIONS-THIE CASS FARM COMPANY OF 1835-ABORTIVE ACT OF 1873-TABLE OF AREAS 295
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CONTENTS
CHAPTER XIV
PUBLIC BUILDINGS
COUNCIL HOUSES-THE FIRST STATE CAPITOL-THE FIRST COUNTY BUILDING- THE PRESENT COUNTY BUILDING-THE OLD CITY HALL-THE PRESENT CITY HALL-STORY OF ITS SITE-THE GOVERNMENT BUSINESS-THE FIRST POST- OFFICE BUILDING AND ITS SITE-POSTMASTERS-THE PRESENT BUILDING. . 348
CHAPTER XV PUBLIC UTILITIES
HOW THE FIRST DETROITER SECURED WATER-BERTHELET'S PUMP-UNDER CITY CONTROL-REMOVAL OF THE WORKS-ENTENSIVE ENLARGEMENTS-FILTRATION AND THE DETROIT FILTER PLANT, BY THEODORE A. LEISEN-DEVELOPMENT OF FILTRATION-CLASSIFICATION OF FILTERS-FILTRATION IN THE U. S .- HYGIENIC RESULTS-DETROIT PLANT-INTRODUCTION OF GAS-EXPERIMENTS IN STREET LIGHTING-BEGINNING OF MUNICIPAL LIGHTING-THE EDISON PLANT- TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE SERVICE-FIRST STREET RAILWAY LINES- DEVELOPMENT OF THE SYSTEM-A STATE OF WAR-RECENT INCIDENTS AND BEGINNING OF MUNICIPAL OWNERSHIP SYSTEM-MOTORBUS SERVICE .... 371
CHAPTER XVI FIRE AND POLICE DEPARTMENTS BY WILLIAM STOCKING
THE TWO DEPARTMENTS THAT MAKE FOR SECURITY AND ORDER-EARLY PRE- CAUTIONS AGAINST FIRE-THE FIRST FIRE ENGINES-OLD FIRE DEPARTMENT AND HALLS-MODERN METHODS INTRODUCED-THE FIRST POLICE PATROLS AND WATCH-SOME PRIMITIVE METHODS-A MODERN DEPARTMENT ESTAB- 398 LISHED .
CHAPTER XVII PENAL AND CHARITABLE INSTITUTIONS WILLIAM STOCKING, Contributing Editor
JAILS AND JAIL LOCATIONS-THE HOUSE OF CORRECTION-EARLY CHARITABLE INSTITUTIONS-THE FIRST ORPHAN ASYLUMS-OTHER EARLY CHARITABLE INSTITUTIONS-MODERN CHARITIES-MCGREGOR INSTITUTE-BOYS' HOME AND D'ARCAMBAL ASSOCIATION-THE COMMUNITY UNION-DETROIT PUBLIC WELFARE COMMISSION-CARE OF POOR IN WAYNE COUNTY. 411
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CONTENTS
CHAPTER XVIII PARKS AND BOULEVARDS BY WILLIAM STOCKING A HISTORY OF BELLE ISLE BY CLARENCE M. BURTON
THE FIRST PLATTING OF THE TOWN-WIDE STREETS AND OPEN SPACES-THE PROGRESS OF MODERN DEVELOPMENT-THE GRAND BOULEVARD-PARK DE- VELOPMENT THE PLAYGROUND FEATURE-AN AMBITIOUS PLAN FOR THE FUTURE-A PARADISE ON LAKE AND RIVER-CHARMING DIVERSITY OF WATER TRIPS- BELLE ISLE, BY CLARENCE M. BURTON 429
CHAPTER XIX HISTORIC POLITICAL CAMPAIGNS
BY WILLIAM STOCKING
THE STATE DEMOCRATIC IN EARLY DAYS THE RISING TIDE OF ANTI-SLAVERY SENTIMENT-A SUCCESSION OF DELEGATED AND MASS CONVENTIONS-FOUND- ING AND TRIUMPHS OF THE REPUBLICAN PARTY-SUDDEN DEVELOPMENT OF GREENBACK SENTIMENT-A POLITICAL SURPRISE AND SCARE WITH QUICK RECOVERY-MICHIGAN SETS THE PACE FOR SOUND MONEY-THE MICHIGAN CLUB AND ITS BANQUETS-A NOTABLE SCHOOL OF POLITICAL ORATORY AND AN INCUBATOR OF POLITICAL CLUBS-NOTES ON THE FREE SILVER CAM- PAIGN . 463
CHAPTER XX SLAVERY AND THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD BY WILLIAM STOCKING
SLAVERY AND THE COLORED PEOPLE IN MICHIGAN-ADOPTION OF THE HIGHER LAW-THE BLACKBURN RESCUE AND RIOT-OTHER SLAVE RESCUES-THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD AND ITS OPERATION-THE ANTI-NEGRO RIOT OF 1863-PLANS FORMULATED HERE FOR THE JOHN BROWN RAID IN IS59-A NOTABLE CELEBRATION OF NEGRO ENFRANCHISEMENT 475
PART III INDUSTRIAL
CHAPTER XXI AGRICULTURAL PROGRESS
FIRST FARMING IN WAYNE COUNTY-GAME AND WILD FRUITS-PRIMITIVE METHODS-CADILLAC'S LAND GRANTS-IMMIGRATION ENCOURAGED-UNDER THE BRITISH-FAMINES-UNITED STATES SURVEYS-FIRST AUCTION SALE OF PUBLIC LANDS-RECLAIMING THE SWAMPS-FRUIT GROWING-PEAR TREES- AGRICULTURAL SOCIETIES AND FAIRS-FARMERS' INSTITUTES-SEED FARMS AND SEED DISTRIBUTION. 485
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CONTENTS
CHAPTER XXII
COMMERCIAL DETROIT
EARLY COMMERCIAL TRANSACTIONS-UNDER ENGLISH RULE-EARLY MERCHANTS- THE FIRST BOOM-AMERICAN MERCHANTS-THE WHOLESALE TRADE-RETAIL TRADE-DOWNTOWN BUSINESS VALUES-THE CUSTOM HOUSE-COMMERCIAL ORGANIZATIONS-ORGANIZATION OF THE BOARD OF TRADE-FIRST BOARD OF TRADE BUILDING AND SUBSEQUENT STRUCTURES-COMMERCIAL CONVENTION OF 1865-FIRST WATERWAY CONVENTION-THE MERCHANTS' AND MANUFAC- TURERS' EXCHANGE-FIRST DEEP WATERWAY PROJECT-CHAMBER OF COM-
MERCE-THE BOARD OF COMMERCE,
494
CHAPTER XXIII DEVELOPMENT OF MANUFACTURING
EARLY MILLS-STATISTICS OF INDUSTRIAL GROWTH-DISTINCTIVE FEATURES OF THE INDUSTRIES-ACCESSIONS FROM OTHER CITIES- BEGINNING OF MODERN DEVELOPMENT-CAR BUILDING-A PIONEER IN IRON MANUFACTURE-PROD- UCTS OF THE SALT BEDS-SHIP BUILDING A STANDARD INDUSTRY-WORLD'S STOVE-MAKING CENTER-PHARMACEUTICAL MANUFACTORIES-PAINT AND VARNISH MANUFACTORIES-THE BURROUGHS ADDING MACHINE-THE STORY OF DETROIT'S GREATEST INDUSTRY-CADILLAC-FORD MOTOR COMPANY- PACKARD-DODGE-HUDSON-HUPMOBILE-MAXWELL-OTHER AUTOMOBILE COMPANIES-DETROIT'S WAR INDUSTRIES-LIBERTY MOTOR-GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION-AUTOMOBILE ACCESSORY AND BODY PLANTS-MISCELLANEOUS 530 ESTABLISHMENTS .
CHAPTER XXIV BANKS-COUNTY AND CITY FINANCES
CLARENCE M. BURTON AND WILLIAM STOCKING, CONTRIBUTING EDITORS
WAYNE COUNTY AND DETROIT FINANCES (BY WILLIAM STOCKING)-PRIMITIVE CURRENCY ISSUES-THE FIRST BANKING VENTURE- THE FIRST TERRITORIAL BANK (C. M. BURTON)-OTHER EARLY BANKS- FIRST GENERAL BANKING LAW (WILLIAM STOCKING)-THE WILD CAT BANKS-THE OLDEST BANK IN MICHIGAN -FIRST NATIONAL BANK IN DETROIT-WAYNE COUNTY AND HOME SAVINGS BANK-PEOPLES STATE BANK-NATIONAL BANK OF COMMERCE-MERCHANTS NATIONAL BANK-DIME SAVINGS BANK-OTHER BANKS OF DETROIT-THE TRUST COMPANIES-HOUSING COMPANIES-WAYNE COUNTY BANKS. 615
CHAPTER XXV EARLY TRANSPORTATION
BY WILLIAM STOCKING
PRIMITIVE MODES OF TRAVEL ON LAND AND LAKE-THE INDIAN TRAIL THE FIRST CONNECTING LINK BETWEEN VILLAGES-BLAZED THE WAY FOR MODERN TRANS- PORTATION LINES-THE BEGINNING OF HIGHWAY BUILDING-DIFFERENT Vol. 1-2
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CONTENTS
MODES OF LAND TRAVEL-FAMOUS STAGE COACH ROUTES-THE PIONEER CRAFT FOR WATER TRAVEL-THE CANOE AND ITS SUCCESSORS-CONSTRUC- TION AND FATE OF THE FIRST SAILING VESSEL-THE FIRST STEAMBOAT AND HER FIRST VOYAGES-THE PREDECESSOR OF A MIGHTY FLEET-NAVIGATION 671
COMPANIES
CHAPTER XXVI
THE RAILROAD ERA
BY WILLIAM STOCKING
THE RAILROAD ERA-THE EARLY CHARTERS-PRIMITIVE METHODS OF CONSTRUC- TION-THE DETROIT & PONTIAC RAILROAD AND ITS SUCCESSORS-THE CEN- TRAL AND SOUTHERN ROADS-PURCHASE BY THE STATE-RESALE AND COM- PLETION OF THE MICHIGAN CENTRAL-ITS DEVELOPMENT INTO A GREAT SYSTEM-THE PERE MARQUETTE AND ITS LINES-THE BOARD OF TRADE AND THE WABASHI-THE UNION DEPOT-ADVENT OF THE PENNSYLVANIA. 682
PART IV EDUCATIONAL
CHAPTER XXVII
EARLY SCHOOLING IN DETROIT AND PRIMITIVE METHODS OF EDUCATION
BY CLARENCE M. BURTON
EDUCATION UNDER CADILLAC-ILLITERACY PREVALENT-CHANGE TO BRITISH CONTROL-ROBERT NAVARRE-AN EARLY SCHOOL FEE-CHARACTER OF EARLY SCHOOLS-PEDAGOGUES OF LATE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY-MATTHEW DONOVAN -PETER JOSEPH DILLON-DAVID BACON-EARLY PROGRESS AFTER 1800- REV. GABRIEL RICHARD 700
CHAPTER XXVIII
THE PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEM
ORDINANCE OF 1787-PETITION FOR ACADEMY-BOND BETWEEN PRIEST AND JUDGE-PETITION TO GOVERNOR AND JUDGES-ACT OF 1809-FARM CONVEY- ANCES FOR SCHOOLS-ACT OF 1827-SCHOOL LAW OF 1833-FREE SCHOOL SOCIETY-SCHOOL LANDS AND CONSTITUTION OF 1835-DETROIT UNDER THE NEW LAW-BOARD OF EDUCATION-COLORED SCHOOLS-EIGHTY YEARS OF PROGRESS-LIST OF SCHOOL BUILDINGS AND DATE OF THEIR ERECTION . . 722
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CONTENTS
CHAPTER XXIX
UNIVERSITIES AND COLLEGES
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN-ESTABLISHMENT AT DETROIT-AN INDIAN LAND GRANT -REORGANIZATION OF UNIVERSITY-ITS LOCATION AT ANN ARBOR-COLLEGE OF SAINT PHILIP NERI-GERMAN-AMERICAN SEMINARY-UNIVERSITY OF DETROIT-BUSINESS COLLEGES. 752
CHAPTER XXX
PRIVATE AND DENOMINATIONAL SCHOOLS
PRIVATE SCHOOLS AT THE BEGINNING OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY-THE FEMALE SEMINARY-SCHOOLS IN MECHANICS' HALL-BACON SELECT SCHOOL-OTHER PRIVATE SCHOOLS-THE LIGGETT SCHOOLS-DETROIT UNIVERSITY SCHOOL- CHURCH SCHOOLS-LIST OF CATHOLIC PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS-LIST OF PROTES- TANT PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS-MICHIGAN STATE AUTO SCHOOL-VARIETY OF 770 SCHOOLS IN DETROIT.
CHAPTER XXXI HISTORY OF THE PRESS
PREDECESSOR OF THE MODERN NEWSPAPER-FIRST NEWSPAPERS IN LONDON AND IN THE UNITED STATES-DETROIT'S FIRST NEWSPAPER-DETROIT GAZETTE- OTHER PUBLICATIONS OF AN EARLY DAY-THE NEWSPAPER GRAVEYARD- THE DETROIT TRIBUNE-THE DETROIT FREE PRESS-FIRST DAILY ISSUE- THE DETROIT NEWS-THE DETROIT JOURNAL-THE DETROIT DAILY TIMES- OTHER LIVING DETROIT PUBLICATIONS-PHARMACEUTICAL AND DENTAL- MEDICAL JOURNALISM-LEGAL PUBLICATIONS-RELIGIOUS PUBLICATIONS- GERMAN NEWSPAPERS-OTHER FOREIGN LANGUAGE PUBLICATIONS: FRENCH, POLISH, ITALIAN, BELGIAN, HUNGARIAN, RUSSIAN AND JEWISH-NEWSPAPERS 789 OF WAYNE COUNY OUTSIDE OF DETROIT
CHAPTER XXXII LIBRARIES AND MUSEUMS
FIRST SUGGESTION FOR A PUBLIC LIBRARY IN DETROIT-CITY LIBRARY OF DETROIT -DETROIT YOUNG MEN'S SOCIETY-DETROIT LYCEUM- MICHIGAN LYCEUM- HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF MICHIGAN-DETROIT MECHANICS' LIBRARY-DETROIT PUBLIC LIBRARY-FIRST QUARTERS-NEGOTIATIONS FOR A BUILDING-DIFFI- CULT SITUATION IN 1875-BRANCH LIBRARIES-THE BURTON HISTORICAL COLLECTION-THE NEW LIBRARY BUILDING-STRIFE OVER CARNEGIE OFFER- LIBRARY BONDS-MCKINSTRY'S MUSEUM-MICHIGAN GARDEN-SCIENTIFIC AS- SOCIATION-DETROIT MUSEUM OF ART-A PERMANENT INSTITUTION-MUNI- CIPAL ARTS COMMISSION CREATED-NEW BUILDING PLANS. 834
.
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CONTENTS
VOLUME II
PART V MILITARY HISTORY
CHAPTER XXXIII
FORTS AND MILITARY POSTS
DULUTH'S POST-FORT PONTCHARTRAIN-FORT LERNOULT-FORT SHELBY- FORT CROGHAN, OR FORT NONSENSE-FORT WAYNE. 857
CHAPTER XXXIV
EARLY TROUBLES WITH INDIANS
ILL FEELING AMONG THE INDIAN TRIBES-ATTACK OF 1703-AFFAIR OF 1706- -FATHER DE L'HALLE KILLED-MIAMI DISAFFECTION-FOX WAR OF 1712- LOUVIGNY'S EXPEDITION-MINOR CONFLICTS-HURON AND OTTAWA QUARREL- PLOT OF 1747 866
CHAPTER XXXV
FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
EARLY EXPLORATIONS IN AMERICA- SPANISH CLAIMS-ENGLISH CLAIMS-FRENCH CLAIMS-LA SALLE-FRENCH AND ENGLISH RIVALRY-WASHINGTON'S MISSION -FRANCE DECLARES WAR-BRADDOCK'S DEFEAT-WILLIAM PITT'S POLICY- ENGLISH VICTORIES-DETROIT IN THE WAR-BELESTRE SURRENDERS-END 873 OF THE WAR.
CHAPTER XXXVI
PONTIAC'S CONSPIRACY
DISSATISFACTION OF THE INDIANS UNDER ENGLISH RULE-SIR WILLIAM JOHNSON -PONTIAC-PONTIAC'S COUNCIL ON THE ECORSE-THE INDIANS RECON- NOITRE-THE PLOT EXPOSED-EVENTS OF MAY 7, 1763-DEATH OF SIR ROBERT DAVERS AND CAPTAIN ROBINSON-CAPTURE OF OTHER POSTS-PONTIAC'S SECOND ATTEMPT-KILLING OF MRS. TURNBULL AND THE FISHER FAMILY- BEGINNING OF THE SIEGE-UNSUCCESSFUL NEGOTIATIONS-FATE OF THE CUYLER PARTY-RETURN OF THE "GLADWIN"-MCDOUGALL'S ESCAPE- CAMPBELL'S DEATH-CONTINUATION OF SIEGE-ARRIVAL OF DALZELL'S COM- MAND-BATTLE OF BLOODY RUN-TRUCE DECLARED-EVENTS OF 1764- CROGHAN'S TREATY-PONTIAC'S DEATH. 881
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CONTENTS
CHAPTER XXXVII
DETROIT IN THE REVOLUTION BY CLARENCE M. BURTON
IMPORTANCE OF DETROIT IN THE REVOLUTION-DETROIT AND THE ADJACENT COUNTRY-STREETS, BUILDINGS AND CHARACTER OF THE VILLAGE-THE FORTIFICATIONS-THE FRENCH INHABITANTS-COMING OF HAMILTON-ILLEGAL ACTS OF HAMILTON AND DEJEAN-HAMILTON'S EMPLOYMENT OF INDIANS- INTER-POST COMMUNICATIONS-ARRIVAL OF CAPTAIN LERNOULT-HAMILTON'S DESIRE TO ESCAPE DETROIT-INDICTMENT OF HAMILTON AND DEJEAN- HAMILTON'S EXPEDITION TO VINCENNES-CLARK RETAKES VINCENNES- HAMILTON AND DEJEAN AS PRISONERS-DETROIT UNDER LERNOULT-CON- DITION OF DETROIT-APPOINTMENT OF DE PEYSTER-THE POST UNDER DE PEYSTER-THE STORY OF COLONEL LA BALME-INDIAN CLAIMS AND LEGAL PROCEDURE-MEANING OF THE TERM "FORT"-RELIGION IN DETROIT- FINANCES OF THE TIME-CURSE OF RUM-DE PEYSTER'S INDIAN DIPLOMACY- UNPOPULARITY OF THE WAR IN ENGLAND-DETROIT NOT AN ACTIVE PAR- TICIPANT IN THE WAR -. MASSACRE OF MORAVIAN INDIANS-SURRENDER OF CORNWALLIS-APPOINTMENT OF JEHU HAY AS LIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR-DE PEYSTER'S IMPROVEMENTS AT THE POST OF DETROIT-FURTHER NEGOTIA- TIONS BETWEEN DE PEYSTER AND THE INDIANS-HARVESTS IN 1782-EXPEC- TATION OF PEACE-CASE OF GERRIT GRAVERAT-CONDITION OF AFFAIRS AFTER PEACE-DIFFICULTIES WITH INDIANS-FIRST AMERICAN REPRESENTATIVE ENTERS DETROIT-THE END OF THE WAR. 905
CHAPTER XXXVIII INDIAN WARS: 1783-1811
FIRST AMERICAN REPRESENTATIVE AT DETROIT-AMERICAN EFFORTS TO ACQUIRE DETROIT-ENGLISH AGENTS AT WORK-GENERAL HARMAR'S DEFEAT-GENERAL ST. CLAIR'S CAMPAIGN-GEN. ANTHONY WAYNE-CAMPAIGN OF 1794-BATTLE OF FALLEN TIMBERS-RESULTS OF THE INDIAN DEFEAT-COL. JOHN F. HAM- TRAMCK-DETROIT AFTER AMERICAN OCCUPATION-TECUMSEH'S CONSPIRACY- BATTLE OF TIPPECANOE-ALARM IN DETROIT. 964
CHAPTER XXXIX THE WAR OF 1812
CAUSES OF WAR-RIGHT OF SEARCH-THE EMBARGO ACT-WAR DECLARED- LOCAL CONDITIONS-MILITARY PREPARATIONS-ARRIVAL OF GENERAL HULL- CAPTURE OF THE CUYAHOGA-HULL CROSSES INTO CANADA-HULL'S PROC- LAMATION TO CANADIANS-JOHN ASKIN- OPERATIONS IN CANADA-CAPTURE OF MACKINAC-FIRST AMERICAN BLOODSHED-SITUATION AT FORT MALDEN -- FURTHER CANADIAN OPERATIONS-THE FIGHT AT BROWNSTOWN-HULL LEAVES CANADA-BATTLE OF MONGUAGON-MOVEMENTS OF THE CASS-MCARTHUR DETACHMENT-BROCK ARRIVES AT AMHERSTBURG-BOMBARDMENT OF DE- TROIT-THE DAY OF THE SURRENDER-BROCK'S PROCLAMATION-SUMMARY
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OF TROOPS ENGAGED-HULL'S GUILT OR INNOCENCE-HULL'S TRIAL-DEAR- BORN'S CAREER: HIS MISTAKES-BEGINNING OF THE TRIAL-HULL'S CAREER AFTER THE TRIAL-INSUBORDINATION OF HULL'S OFFICERS-DETROIT UNDER BRITISH RULE-THE ARMY REORGANIZED-MASSACRE AT THE RAISIN-CON- DITIONS IN DETROIT IN 1813-PROCTOR'S UNSUCCESSFUL OFFENSIVE- AMERICAN COUNTER OFFENSIVE AND PERRY'S VICTORY-BRITISH EVACUATION AND BATTLE OF THE THAMES-DEATH OF TECUMSEH-CONCLUDING EVENTS OF THE WAR-PRIVATIONS IN DETROIT. 979
CHAPTER XL THE BLACK HAWK WAR
SKETCH OF CHIEF BLACK HAWK-TREATY OF 1804-IN THE WAR OF 1812- BEGINNING OF HOSTILITIES-CALL FOR VOLUNTEERS-CHOLERA EPIDEMIC AT DETROIT-END OF THE WAR-CAPTURE OF BLACK HAWK-HIS DEATH -COST OF THE WAR.
1052
CHAPTER XLI
TOLEDO AND PATRIOT WARS
CAUSES OF THE TOLEDO WAR-BOUNDARY DISPUTE-THE HARRIS LINE-GOVERNOR MASON ACTS-MILITIA CALLED OUT-A MIDNIGHT COURT SESSION-GOVERNOR MASON REMOVED FROM OFFICE-A WAR SONG-THE PATRIOT WAR-CONDITIONS IN CANADA AND THE UNITED STATES-THE CAROLINE INCIDENT- SENTIMENT IN DETROIT-HUNTERS' LODGES- CAPTURE OF THE ANN-UNITED STATES TROOPS ARRIVE-DETROIT THREATENED- CLOSING SCENES OF THE WAR. . 105S
CHAPTER XLII THE WAR WITH MEXICO
EVENTS PRECEDING THE WAR-THE AUSTIN LAND GRANT-MEXICO BECOMES A REPUBLIC-TEXAS REVOLTS-ANNEXATION TO THE UNITED STATES-WAR DECLARED-MICHIGAN'S RESPONSE TO THE CALL FOR VOLUNTEERS-TREATY OF GUADALUPE HIDALGO-THE HOME COMING-INCIDENTS OF THE WAR. . 1066
CHAPTER XLIII WAR OF THE REBELLION
THE SLAVERY QUESTION-POLITICAL CAMPAIGN OF 1860-SECESSION-STAR OF THE WEST INCIDENT-FALL OF FORT SUMTER-LINCOLN'S PROCLAMATION CALLING FOR TROOPS-HOW MICHIGAN ANSWERED THE CALL-HISTORICAL SKETCHES OF THE MILITARY ORGANIZATIONS IN WHICH DETROIT AND WAYNE COUNTY WERE REPRESENTED-CAPTURE OF LAKE STEAMERS-THE WORK AT HOME-SOLDIERS' AND SAILORS' MONUMENT-GENERAL GRANT A RESI- DENT OF DETROIT. .1071
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CHAPTER XLIV
SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR
SPAIN'S OPPRESSION OF CUBA-THE LOPEZ EXPEDITION-THE TEN YEARS' WAR- REVOLUTION OF 1895-WEYLER'S CRUELTY-INDIGNATION AROUSED- DESTRUCTION OF THE MAINE-CONGRESS DECLARES WAR-MICHIGAN'S RESPONSE-THIRTY - FIRST INFANTRY-THIRTY - SECOND-THIRTY - THIRD- THIRTY-FOURTH-SECOND CALL FOR TROOPS-THIRTY-FIFTH INFANTRY- NAVAL RESERVES. 1108
CHAPTER XLV
WAR WITH GERMANY. 1114
PART VI THE PROFESSIONS
CHAPTER XLVI
BENCH AND BAR OF DETROIT
ORIGIN OF CIVIL LAW-DEMANDS OF THE LEGAL PROFESSION-THE LAWYER AS A CITIZEN-EARLY MICHIGAN JUSTICE-MILITARY COMMANDANTS AS MAGIS- TRATES-ENGLISH COURTS-COURT OF COMMON PLEAS-NORTHWEST TER- RITORY-UNDER INDIANA TERRITORY-COURTS OF MICHIGAN TERRITORY- THE EARLY JUDGES-INFERIOR COURTS-MICHIGAN STATE COURTS-THE SUPREME COURT-CIRCUIT COURTS-COURT OF CHANCERY-CONSTITUTION OF 1850-COUNTY COURTS-WAYNE CIRCUIT COURT-CIRCUIT COURT COM- MISSIONERS-PROBATE COURT-MAYOR'S COURT-RECORDER'S COURT- POLICE COURT-SUPERIOR COURT-UNITED STATES COURTS-PROMINENT MEMBERS OF THE EARLY DETROIT BAR-DETROIT BAR ASSOCIATION-DETROIT COLLEGE OF LAW. 1120
CHAPTER XLVII THE MEDICAL PROFESSION ALSO THE STORY OF MEDICINE IN DETROIT BY J. H. DEMPSTER, M. D., F. A. C. P.
THE ORIGIN OF MEDICINE AND THE ART OF HEALING-EARLY DETROIT PHYSICIANS -THE STORY OF MEDICINE IN DETROIT, BY DR. J. H. DEMPSTER-THE DETROIT COLLEGE OF MEDICINE-HOMEOPATHY-MEDICAL JOURNALISM IN DETROIT- HEALTH CONDITIONS IN DETROIT-THE WAYNE COUNTY MEDICAL SOCIETY -- HOSPITALS-BOARD OF HEALTH. 1165
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CHAPTER XLVIII DETROIT IN LITERATURE AND ART BY WILLIAM STOCKING
DETROIT'S PLACE IN LITERATURE AND ART-THE FIRST HISTORIANS AND CHRON- ICLERS-THE FRENCH AND ENGLISH PERIODS-EARLY AMERICAN WRITERS -MEN WHO COMBINED STATESMANSHIP AND LITERATURE-MANY PASTORS WITH READY PENS-MODERN HISTORICAL PUBLICATIONS-DETROIT'S CON- TRIBUTIONS TO POETRY AND FICTION-THE DETROIT INSTITUTE OF ART- ITS HISTORY AND PROSPECTS-NOTES ON INDIVIDUAL ARTISTS. 1187
CHAPTER XLIX DETROIT MEN IN PUBLIC LIFE
BY WILLIAM STOCKING
DETROIT MEN IN PUBLIC LIFE-NEW ENGLAND'S CONTRIBUTIONS DURING THE FORMATIVE PERIOD-MEN WHO ESTABLISHED THE CHARACTER OF THE NEW COMMONWEALTH-DISTINGUISHED GOVERNORS AND EMINENT JUDGES-A LONG LINE OF UNITED STATES SENATORS FROM DETROIT-A FEW CABINET OFFICERS 1199 AND FOREIGN MINISTERS.
PART VII RELIGIOUS HISTORY
CHAPTER L
EARLY HISTORY OF CHURCHES
THE FIRST CHURCH IN DETROIT-FATHER GABRIEL RICHARD AND HIS WORK- OTHER EARLY CATHOLIC PARISHES-A VIEW FROM THE YEAR 1849-PROTESTANT CHURCH BEGINNINGS-THE MORAVIANS-MIGRATION OF CHURCHES. . 1212
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