USA > Michigan > Genesee County > History of Genesee county, Michigan. With illustrations and biographical sketches of its prominent men and pioneers > Part 20
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Milton M. Fenner, Flint ; 21 lient. Co. C, enl. Nov. 22, 1861 ; pro. to Ist lient. Co. K, Ort. 1, 1862; res. Nov. 25, 1863.
Martin L. Wiley, Flint ; 2dl 1 .. nt. Co. C, enl. Dec. 1, 1862; pro, to Ist lieut. Co. E, March 27, 1861; brev .- rapt. U. S. Vuls. April 2, 1865; capt. Co. 11, April 25, 1865 ; must. out July 30, 1865.
John S. Freeman, Flint ; sorgt. Co. A; 2d lient, and Ist lieut. Co. A ; capt. Co. D, May 3, 1864; woutdled at Wilderness, Va., May 6, 1864; must. out Ort. 18, 1864.
Charles II. MeCreery, Flint; 2d lient. Co. K, enl. Sept. 3, 1862; Ist lient. and adj. Sept. 24, 1862; capt. Co. F, March 27, 1863; brev .- major U. S. Vols. April 2, 1865 ; must. ont Oct. 7, 1865.
Charles Eldy, Flint (sergt.); 2d lient. Co. A; pro. to Ist lient. Co. F, April 16, 1883; must. ont Sept. 20, 1864.
Orrin Bump, Flint; 2dl lieut. Co. F; enl. March 27, 1863; pro to 1st lient. Co. G, April 20, 1864; adj. July 5, 1864 ; must. out Oct. 18, 18G4.
Geo. E. Newell, Flint; Ist bient. Co. A; eul. Sept. 21, 1861; pro. to capt. Co. I, Sept. 10, 1862; res, March 10, 1863.
W'm. Tracy, Flint (sergt ); ad lient. Co. B; trans. 21 lieut. to Co. K, May 3, 1864; pro. to Ist lieut. Co. K, April 25, 1865; must. ont July 30, 1865.
John M. Bell, Grand Blanc, Co. B: disch, by order, June 13, 1865.
George MI. Billings, Co. 1; disch, by order, July 25, 1865.
Alva Blood, Argentine, Co. E ; killed in action at Grove Church, Va., June 3, 1864.
Talmai M. Baroum, Co. E; must. ont July 30, 1865. James Chase, Flint, Co. I; disch. for disalulity, Dec. 14, 1862.
Thomas Campbell, Flint, Co. C; trans, to Vet. Res. Corps, Jan. 15, 1864. William 11. Cole, Fenton, Co. B; disch. by order, June 3, 1865. Mark II. Chamberlain, Fenton, Co. I; minst, out June 1, 1865.
Lewis Close, Mundy, Co. I; disch. at end of service, Ang. 15, 1865. John II. Covert, Gaines, Co. I; must. but July 30, 1865. Thomas Clayton, Grand Blanc, Co. K ; disch. by order, March 3, 1865. Erastus Dickinson, musicinn, Co. HI ; disch at end of service, Sept. 27, 1861. Franklin Eldridge, Fentun, Co. B; disch, by order, June 1, 1865. Benjamin B. Eildy. Co. 11 ; d sch, by order, June 1, 1865. Lambert S. Foster, corp., Co. I; di-ch. for disability, April 24, 1863. David M. Grooms, Fenton. Co B; disch. by order, June 1, 1565. Mc Dowell Griswold, Co. I; disch. by order, Aug. 9, 1865.
Gilbert C. Hinckley, musician, Co. B; died of disease, Oct. 22, ISGI. John lager, Co. C; disch. by order, June 1, 1865.
Truman Hinman, Co. HI ; disch. by order, May 20, 1865.
James louselander, Mt. Morris, Co. E; must. out July 30, 1865.
William S. Jewell, musician, Co. II; disch. April 7, 1863.
Lyman F. Knapp, Vienna, Co. K ; died of discise at Annapolis, Mil., April 5, 1864.
William Miller, Co. K ; died of disease at Barlanirsville, Ky., May 1, 1864. Orville Me Williams, band; must. ont July 30, 1865.
Asa Parshall, l'arshallville, Co. I ; dis. h. for disability, Dec. 14, 1862.
William la Perkins, Atlas, Co. E; died of disease at Annapolis, Md., April 2, 1564.
James W. Rich, Gaines, Co. I; sorgt. ; disch. for di-ability, Sept. 12, 1862. Bellin Robinson, Fenton, Co. K; disch. for disability, Ang. 13, 1863. Alva M. Rogers, band; must. ont July 30, 1865.
Thaddeus Rogers, Fenton, Co. B; disch. by order, June 1, 1865.
Daniel Shank, Argentine, Co. HI ; died July 5, 1864, ot woun Is received at Grove Church, Va., June 3, 1864.
John Tallman, Fenton, Co. Il; disch, by order, June 1, 1865. Austin R. Terry, Grand Blanc, Co. II ; must. ont July 31, 1865.
Frank A. Taylor, Mundy, D'o. D; must. out July 30, 1865.
Joseph D. Thomas, Richfield, Co. II ; died of disease at City Point, Va., Feb. 6, 18675.
Augustus 11. Vickery, Fenton, Co. B; disch. by order, June 1, 1865. Hannibal Virkery, Fenton, Co. Il; disch. hy order, Ang. 3, 1865. John C. Wolverton, sergt., Co. B; trans. to Signal Corps, Oct. 13, 1863. Seth B. Watson, Flint, Co. I ; died of disease at F'lint, Mich , Feb. 28, 1861. Wilbam Woodbury, N. C. S .; must. ont July 30, 1865.
Devillous Wilber, Co. I1; disch. hy order, May 29, 1865.
Jantes A. Williams, Fenton, Co. B; absent, wounded ; not must, out with con- pauy.
CHAPTER XII.
TENTH INFANTRY.
Organization of the 10th at Camp Thomson-Presentation of Colors and Departure for the Front-Campaigns and Marches in Missis- sippi, Tennessee, and Alabama-In Garrison at Nashville -- Con- tinnous Marching through Three States-Pursuit of Longstreet- Winter-Quarters in Georgia-Fight at Buzzard's Roost-Veteran Furlough-Rendezvous at Flint and Return to Georgia-Atlanta Campaign-March to the Sea-Carolina Campaign-Battles of Averysboro' and Bentonville-The Grand Review at Washington- Muster Out and Return to Michigan.
THIS regiment was recruited and organized in the autumn of 1861 and the following winter, its rendezvous being es- tablished at the city of Flint, through the efforts of the Ilon. Edward H. Thomson, then president of the State Military Board. The rule had been adopted (and, up to that time, closely adhered to) by Governor Blair to estab- lish no regimental rendezvous in places inaccessible by rail- road, and, as Flint had then no railway communication, it required all the influence and energy of the patriotic presi- dent of the board to procure the order designating his own city of Flint as the headquarters of the 10th during its organization. But the order was finally obtained, and the camp of instruction-of which he was made provisional com- mandant-was named by the officers " Camp Thomson," in his honor.
This camp was situated near the eastern limits of the city, on the left bank of Flint River, "on a piece of un- dulating ground, including a small piece of woods, separated from the drill-grounds by a low marsh, which, in the spring time, was overflowed by the high water of the river." Cour- fortable barracks, mess- and cook-rooms were erected, and here the men of the 10th made winter-quarters and their home for a period of nearly six months,-a period which, during its continuance, they thought to be one of consider- able hardship, but to which, from their later camps and bivouaes, they often looked back as a season of comfort and pleasant associations.
The several companies composing the regiment were re- cruited under the following names :
" Byron Guard," afterwards designated as " A" company.
" Saginaw Rangers," afterwards designated as " B" com- p.mny.
"Orion Union Guard," afterwards designated as "C" company.
" Sanilac Pioneers," afterwards designated as " D" com- pany.
"Scarritt Guard," afterwards designated as "E" com- pauy.
79
TENTH INFANTRY.
" Ilolt Guard," afterwards designated as " F" company. " Lum Guard," afterwards designated as " G" company.
" McClellan Guard," afterwards designated as " Il" com- pany.
" Genesee Rangers," afterwards designated as " 1" com- pany.
" Dickerson Guard," afterwards designated as " K" com- pany.
The first, third, and ninth of the above-named companies (especially the ninth) were largely made up of men from Genesee, and the county was represented in nearly all the other companies.
The " Byron Guard" reported at the rendezvous eighty- six strong, Nov. 5, 1861, being the second company in camp (the first being the "Saginaw Rangers," who arrived No- vember 1st). The first commissioned officers of the " Guard" were llenry S. Burnett, captain ; Robert F. Gulick, first lieutenant ; Bradford Cook, second lieutenant.
The " Orion Union Guard" reported at Camp Thomson, November 11th, with the minimum number of men. The nucleus of this company was formed at Orion, Oakland Co., by B. B. Redfield, but it was afterwards moved to Good. rich, Genesee Co., and consolidated with a company being raised at the latter place by Myron Bunnell, the consoli- dated company retaining the name which had been adopted by the Orion recruits. The company was mustered under the following commissioned officers : Myron Bunnell, cap- tain ; Benjamin B. Redfield, first lieutenant ; Alvali A. Collins, second lieutenant.
The " Genesee Rangers" joined the regiment at Camp Thomson, November 30th, only thirty-one strong, under Capt. Barker, who had previously resigned his captaincy of a company which had been raised for the 7th Infantry, and afterwards transferred to the Sth, under Col. Fenton. A part of a company which had been raised in Lapeer County by P. S. Titus, and which had reported at the camp of the regiment November 20th, was consolidated with the " Rangers," and the company received the designating letter " I," under the following officers : Russell M. Barker, captain ; Platt S. Titus, first lieutenant ; John Algoe, second lieutenant.
On Wednesday, Feb. 5, 1862, the regiment was re- viewed by Governor Blair, at Camp Thomson, and on that and the following day it was mustered into the Uuited States service by Col. Wright, U. S. A. The 10th was now an organized regiment in the service of the government, under the following field-officers, viz. : Colonel, Charles MI. Lum; Lieutenant-Colonel, Christopher J. Dickerson ; Major, James J. Scarritt.
The ceremony of presentation of a national flag to the regiment was performed on Friday, the 11th of April. The event is mentioned in Gen. Robertson's " Flags of Michi- gan," as follows : "The Hon. E. H. Thomson, in one of his eminently patriotic speeches, presented, on behalf of the citizens of l'lint, a very elegant flag, made of the best roll silk, on which was inseribed the name of the regiment. and the word ' Tuebor ;' on a silver band on the staff the words, ' Presented to the Tenth Regiment Michigan In- fantry by the Citizens of Flint.' A response in good spirit and taste by Col. C. M. Lum, commanding the regiment,
with a prayer by the Rev. J. S. Boyden. Judge Avery, of Flint, and Professor Siddons followed with brief and appropriate speeches. After the speeches Col. Lum de- livered the color into the hands of the color-sergeant, who was said to be six feet seven inches in stature. On this occasion the men of the 10th paraded in their new regula- tion uniforms, and were armed with ' Austrian rifles, just received,' which in their inexperience they then believed to be a reliable and effective weapon .- While they stood in hollow square, Mrs. Fenton and other ladies of Flint dis- tributed to each member of the regiment a copy of the New Testament."
The regiment, nine hundred and ninety-seven strong, took its departure from Camp Thomson on Tuesday, the 22d of April, its first destination being known to be St. Louis, Mo. There was then no railroad from Flint to the line of the Detroit and Milwaukee road, and therefore the men were moved to Holly Station on wagons and other vehicles furnished by patriotic citizens of Genesee and Oak- land Counties. This first stage of their long journey was accomplished in a snow-storm, which gave additional sad- ness to partings, many of which proved to be final. At Holly, after abundant feasting, the command took the train for Detroit, and after marching through the city to the Michigan Central depot, escorted by the "Lyon Guard" and Detroit " Light Guard," embarked on a train consisting of twenty-three passenger and five freight cars, drawn by two locomotives, and at a little before midnight left for the West. Michigan City was reached at two o'clock p.M. on Wednesday, and at six P.M. on Thursday the regiment was at East St. Louis. On the following day it embarked on the steamer " Gladiator," and at four P.M. on Friday moved down the Mississippi. Cairo was reached, and during the short stop which was made there the most sensational rumors were circulated,-that desperate fighting was then in progress at Pittsburg Landing, on the Tennes- see (the known destination of the regiment ), that the river at Paducah was filled with dead floating down from the battle-field above, and many other stories of similar import. But the " Gladiator" moved on up the Ohio on Saturday afternoon, passed Fort Henry on Sunday, and on Monday night reached Pittsburg Landing, but was ordered to pro- ceed four miles farther up the Tennessee, to Hamburg, which place was reached on Tuesday, the 27th, just one week after the departure from Camp Thomson. Here the regiment was disembarked on the 28th, and on the 29th was assigned to duty in Col. James D. Morgan's brigade, Payne's division, left wing Army of Mississippi. On its first advent among the veterans of Shiloh the regiment received the usual attentions which old soldiers pay to fresh troops, such as sneering allusions to the cleanness of uni- forms and the size of knapsacks, with frequent applications of the epithets " paper-collar soldiers," " band-box regi- ment," and many similar compliments; but all this was given and received in good-humor, for all knew that a few days of marching would lighten the knapsacks and remedy the objectionable brightness of uniforms, and after the first action all would be old soldiers together.
The first march of the regiment in the enemy's country was made on the 29th, when it moved up about five miles
80
HISTORY OF GENESEE COUNTY, MICHIGAN.
and bivouacked for the night in the woods. On the 1st of May it again advanced towards Farmington, Miss., and re- mained in the vicinity of that village until the enemy's evacuation of Corinth, May 30th. During this time it was several times slightly engaged in skirmishing, but sustained no loss except on the 26th, when the adjutant, Lieut. Syl- vester D. Cowles, was instantly killed by the bullet of a sharpshooter while on picket.
The entire summer of 1862 was passed by the regiment in marching, camping, picketing, and similar duties in the north part of the States of Mississippi and Alabama, but without any notable event (more than occasional skirmish) occurring in its experience. On the 1st of June it was at Rienzi, Miss., and from the 2d to the IIth was at Boone- ville and in its vicinity. About June 15th it encamped at Big Springs, six miles from Corinth, and remained there five weeks. At this place a Fourth of July celebration was held, and the stay at this camp was regarded by all as among the most agreeable of all the regiment's sojournings during the war. On the 27th of July the headquarters of the regi- ment were at Camp Leighton, Tuscumbia, Ala., but the several companies were posted at different places for a dis- tance of twenty miles along the Memphis and Charleston Railroad, engaged in guarding that line. Lieut .- Col. Dick- erson, who was at Town Creek, Ala., with a part of the regiment, evacuated that place in haste in the night of the 31st on account of the (reported) advance of a heavy force of the enemy. The camp was reoccupied the next day, as the enemy (if there had been any in the vicinity) had moved in another direction.
About the last of August it was announced that the command was to move to Nashville, Tenn., and on the 1st of September the several detachments of the regiment con -. centrated at the military ferry on the Tennessee River and awaited orders to move. The orders were received on the following day, and the command moved northward. The march occupied nine days, during which the regiment passed through Rogersville, Athens, Elkton, Pulaski, Lynn- ville, Columbia, Spring Ilill, and Franklin, and in the even- ing of the Ilth bivouacked two miles from Nashville. Here it remained on picket till the 15th, when it moved through the city and camped in the southern suburbs.
The labor demanded of the regiment during its stay at Nashville was severe, consisting of work on the extensive fortifications which had been laid out by Gen. Negley, the commandant of the post, besides constant picketing and guarding of forage-parties, which were continually sent out into the surrounding country, this being the only means of subsisting the forces in Nashville, as all communication with the city, by rail or river, was destroyed. This state of af- fairs continued for about two months, Nashville being held by the divisions of Negley and Palmer, but out of commu- nication with the outside world, and surrounded on every side by troops of the enemy, principally cavalry. The Army of the Cumberland, however, having defeated the army of Bragg at Perryville, Ky., was marching south- ward from Bowling Green, under Gen. Rosecrans, to the relief ol' the beleaguered force, and on the 6th of November his advance guard reached the river at Edgefield, opposite Nashville. Railroad communication was now open to
Mitchelville, thirty-five miles north of Nashville, and soon after it was opened to the city. This gave relief in the matter of rations to the troops who had been so long im- prisoned there, and lightened the forage and picket duty, but the labor on the defensive works of the town was still continued, and a great amount of work was to be done in repairing roads and bridges for the advance of the army southward.
The 10th did not move forward with the Army of the Cumberland on the 26th of December in the advance on Murfreesboro', but remained nearly seven months after that time at Nashville, engaged in provost, grand guard, and fatigue duty, and in protecting communication between Nashville and Murfreesboro' and other points. Upon one occasion (April 10, 1863) a detail of men from " H" and " E" companies, forty-four in number, under command of Lieut. Francis W. Vanderberg, were sent to guard a rail- way train to and from Murfreesboro', and on their return were attacked by a body of the enemy's cavalry in ambush at Antioch Station, three miles north of Lavergne,-the train having been stopped for some cause when the attack was made. Lieut. Vanderberg fell mortally wounded at the first or second fire, and five of his men were killed, ten wounded, and three taken prisoners, making a total loss of nineteen, or two-fifths of the force engaged. This (with the exception of the loss of its adjutant, killed on picket in Mississippi) was the first loss inflicted on the regiment in action by the enemy.
The men and officers of the 10th had begun to regard Nashville as their permanent camping-place, and some of them had formed such strong attachments there that when, on the 19th of July, orders were received to move south- ward, they were welcomed with very little of the enthusiasm which similar orders would have produced a few months earlier. But the regiment moved in the morning of the 20th, and reached Murfreesboro' at noon of the 21st. Here it remained on picket and guard duty till August 19th, when it again marched southward.
The history of the regiment during the four months next succeeding its departure from Murfreesboro' is that of an almost continuous march through the States of Tennes- see, Alabama, and Georgia. It passed south through Foster- ville, Shelbyville, Farmington (Tenn.), and Lewisburg to Columbia ; remained there on provost duty from the 23d to the 26th of August; moved on through Pulaski and Lynnville to Athens, Ala .; remained there from August 29th to September Ist; thence passed through Huntsville, Brownsville, on Flint River, Ala., Larkinville, Scottsboro', and Bellefonte to Stevenson, Ala., remaining at the last- named place on provost duty from the 7th to the 21st of September ; moved to Bridgeport, Ala. ; remained, there till October Ist ; moved at midnight, through deuse darkness and fathomless mud, on the road to Jasper, Tenn. ; passed that place, and moved to Anderson's Cross-Roads ; remained there picketing from the 3d to the 18th of October ; moved to Dallas, Tenn., thirteen miles above Chattanooga, on the north side of the Tennessee River; remained there three days within hearing of the cannonading between the hostile armies at Chattanooga ; moved again October 24th, passed through Washington, Tenn., and arrived on the
S1
TENTH INFANTRY.
26th at Smith's Ferry over the Tennessee, fifty-five miles above Chattanooga. There the regiment remained for nearly four weeks, during which time the men had con- structed comfortable quarters with fireplaces and other conveniences, believing that this would be their camping- place for the winter which was then approaching. But on the 20th of November marching orders came, and on Saturday, the 21st, the 10th Michigan was again on the march. In the evening of the 22d it was once more within hearing of the cannonade from the batteries on Lookout Mountain, and on the 23d it reached Camp Cald- well, on the right bank of the Tennessee, four miles above Chattanooga.
Crossing to the south side of the river on the 24th, the 10th stood in line during the progress of the great conflicts at Lookout and Mission Ridge, but was not en- gaged in either of those battles. Soon after midnight, in the morning of the 26th, it moved up the Tennessee, crossed Chickamauga Creek on a pontoon-bridge, and marched up the right bank of that stream, where a part of the brigade met a small force of the retreating enemy, and a skirmish ensued in which one man of the regiment was slightly wounded by a spent ball. The enemy's evacuated works at Chickamauga Station were occupied on the same day, the 10th being the first to enter the works. On the 27th the regiment entered Georgia for the first time, pass- ing through Grayville and camping near Ringgold. On the 28th orders were received to march in pursuit of Long- street, who was known to be in the vicinity of Knoxville. Under these orders the regiment marched with its brigade on the 29th, and continued to move rapidly up the valley of the Tennessee until December 6th, when it had reached a point some fifteen miles above Loudon, where the intelli- gence was received that Longstreet had withdrawn from Knoxville and retreated into Virginia. Then the column was ordered to return to Chattanooga. The 10th passed through Madisonville to Columbus, Tenn. (remaining at the latter place from the 9th to the 15th of December, during which time the bridge across the Hiawassee River was constructed by Company I), and on the 18th reached its old camp, four miles above Chattanooga Here it remained till the 26th, when it moved to near Rossville, Ga., and prepared to go into winter-quarters after a march- ing campaign of more than four months' duration. The men had come in from the East Tenuessce march worn out, famished, and tattered, many of them having no shoes, having been compelled to cut up their ragged blankets into wrappings for their feet. Certainly no men ever stood more in need of rest and recuperation.
At the Rossville camp the men built tight and comfort- able log cabins, each containing a fireplace, and in these (when not out on picket duty) the two remaining months of winter were spent in a very agreeable manner. The Georgia climate was found to be quite different from that of Michigan, the month of February being quite as warm and pleasant as the Northern April.
On the 28th and 29th of January the 10th was out on a reconnaissance to Ringgold. and the march proved quite oppressive on account of the heat.
Preparations were now made for mustering as veterans, 11
and nearly all the companies had the requisite three-fourths of their number re-enlisted, when, in the evening of Feb- ruary 3d, the regiment was ordered ont on picket to Chicka- manga Station, eight miles away. It remained out till the 14th, when it was marched back to camp, and the veteran muster was completed on the 16th, three hundred and eighty men signing the veteran enlistment for three years, dating from February 6th. The number of veterans was afterwards increased to over four hundred. The re-eulist- ment and muster being perfected, the men were waiting impatiently for the veteran furlongh (which some of them were destined never to receive), when, in the morning of Feb- ruary 23d, the regiment had orders to march immediately, with three days' rations and sixty rounds of ammunition. The men could hardly believe that they were again to march to the front before making the long-anticipated visit to their homes, but they fell in without much audi- ble complaint, and marched away on the road which was to lead them to their first battle-field. The regiment moved to within a mile of Ringgold, and eamped for the night. In the morning of the 24th it moved to a point between that town and Tunnel Hill, where the brigade joined the forces which had moved out from Chattanooga to make a reconnoissance in force of the enemy's positions in the direction of Dalton and Lafayette, Ga. The enemy were flanked out of their works at Tunnel Ilill, and re- tired towards Dalton. The 10th (with other commands) followed in pursuit, and at about five o'clock P.M. arrived at Buzzard's Roost,-a rocky stronghold of the rebels, situ- ated in a pass of the mountains known as Kenyon's Gap,- three miles from Dalton. The works were in the rear of Rocky-Face Ridge, aud fully commanded the Gap. Some skirmishing was done in the afternoon and evening of the 24th, and the regiment took position for the night between two spurs of Rocky-Face Ridge.
On the 25th the carly part of the day was consumed in skirmishing, but about two o'clock p.M. the 10th, with the 60th Illinois, were ordered forward in line over the ridges to attack the enemy and carry his position if possible. They moved forward gallantly into a very hot artillery and musketry fire from greatly superior numbers of the enemy. They remained under this terrible enfilading fire for about forty minutes, and did what men could do to carry the position, but were at last foreed back by superior numbers, and at the end of one hour and ten minutes the regiment reoccupied the position from which it had ad- vanced to the charge. In this brief time it had lost forty- nine killed and wounded and seventeen missing, among the latter being Lieut .- Col. Dickerson, who was wounded and made prisouer by the enemy.
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