USA > Michigan > Genesee County > History of Genesee county, Michigan. With illustrations and biographical sketches of its prominent men and pioneers > Part 22
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Joseph Parton, Flint ; disch. for disability, July 18, 1862. Thomas E. Brabazon, veteran ; died of wounds at Nashville, Tenn., Det. 3, 1804. John Chadbourn, Goodrich ; died of disease at Camp Dennison, Ohio, Aug. 1, 1862.
Abraham Chase, disch. for di-abil.ty, Dec. 10, 1862. Edwin Crittenden, must. out July 19, 1865. James W. Crittenden, must. out July 19, 1865. John W. Currin, Goodrich; must. ont July 19, 1865. William 11. Davie, must. ont July 19, 1865. Lyman E. Davie, corp., pro. to Ist lieut. U. S. C. T., Nov. 9, 1863. Chester Farrar, disch. for disability, Oct. 22, 1862.
Mortimer B. Gillman, disch, for disability, Sept. 26, 1862.
Henry 11. Grithu, disch. at end of service, Frb. 6, 1865. Franklin B. Hopkins, med of disease at Farmington, Miss., June 20, 1862. Abram O. Harrison, disch. March 27, 1863. Newton D. Hlodge, disch, to re-enl. as veteran, Feb. 6, 1864. Abraham G. Honghton, musician, veteran, must. ont July 19, 1865. Hiram E. Howell, must, out July 19, 1865. Roswell N. Hilton, must. ont July 19, 1865. W'in. MeComb, disch. for disability, Oct. 20, 1862. Win. O. Morse, must, ont July 19, 1865. Isaac Meserrault, must. out July 19, 1865. George Marshall, mist. out July 19, 18G5. Philip Marshall, The: fond, must. out. July 19, 1865.
Worthey E. Millard, disch. to re-enl. as veteran, Feb. G, 1864.
Benjamin Alcott, Burton ; must. out July 19, 1865. James Alcott, Burton ; must. out July 19, 1865.
Hezekiah Pierce, must, ont July 19, 1865. Myron Pettitt, Thetford ; must. out July 19, 1865. James S. Pettitt, Thetford; must. ont July 19, 1865.
Lewis Raisin, must, out July 19, 1865.
John Shalto, died of disease at St. Louis, Mo., June 14, 1862.
Arba Smith, died of disease at Nashville, Tenn., March 4, 1863. Nathaniel Taylor, trans. to U. S. Engineers, July, 1864.
Henry Vantassel, disch, to re-enl. as veteran, Frb. 6, 1864.
Angustus Welch, disch. for disability, April 20, 1862.
Henry C. Webster, died of disease at Henderson, Ky., May 30, 1862.
OTHER COMPANIES.
Ist Lient. John Algoe, Flint, Co. G ; enl. March 31, 1863; pro. to capt. Co. A. 21 Lieut. Jos. E. Tupper, Flint, Co. G; pro. to maj. 17th U. S. C. T., Nov. 1863.
2dl Lient. Gleason F. l'erry, Flint, Co. G; enl. June 7, 1865; must. out July 19, 1865.
Ist Lieut. Newton D. Hodge, Flint, Co. Il (sorgt.) ; 2d lient .; enl. May 20, 1865; Ist lieut. June 7, 1865 ; must. out July 19, 1865.
Ist Lirut. John R. Thomson, Flint, Co. K ; enl. June 23, 1862 (2d lient. Feb, 22, 1863).
Miles Allen, Berlin, Co. G. ; died of disease at Chattanooga, Tenn., Oct. 17, 1864.
Alexander Allen, Po. B; disch. to re-cul. as veteran, Feb. 6, 1864.
Levi Allen, Vienna, Co. G; must, out July 19, 1865.
John G. Allport, N. C. S. ; must. ont July 19, 1865,
Abuer B. Clark, Grand Blanc, Co. K ; disch. for di ability.
Frank M. Cummings, Co. B; disch. for disability, Feb. 14, 1863.
George A. Fisbell, Co, K ; disch, to re-eul. as veteran, Feb. 18, 1864.
James 11. Finn, Co. K ; disch. for disability.
Joseph Huister, Flint, Co. Il ; disch, for disability.
Hiram Howland, Flint, Co. 1; died at Smith's Ferry, Nov. 13, 1863, of acci- dental wounds.
Edwin F. Holmes, Flint, Co. Il ; disch, to re-vul. as veteran, Feb. 10, 1864.
Alvarus F. Ilosner, Flint, Co. G ; absent on furlough ; not must. ont with co.
Myron M. Hungerford, Flint, Co. 11 ; must. ont July 19, 1865.
James Ingles, Flint, Co. G; must, ont July 19, 1865.
David D Ingles, Flint, Co. H ; disch. at end of service, March 18, 1865.
Lewis Kelsey, Co. B; must. ont July 19, 1865.
O-car D. Lason, Co. K ; disch, at end of service, Feb. G, 1865. Lewis Mecker, Fenton, Co. Il ; must. out July 19, 1865. Gerry A. Necomb, Co. Il; must. ont July 19, 1865.
Levi Ovid, Co. 11 ; disch, at end of service, March 28, 1865.
Lewis Parrish, Co. Il ; disch. for disability, July 19, 1862.
Tra E. Payson, Flint, Co. K ; died in action near Dalton, Ga., Feb. 25, 1864
Roswell Pettingill, Forest, Co. G; died of disease at Nashville, Tenn., Sept. 9,
George W. Peasley, Gaines, Co. G; must, out July 19, 1865.
Chester Roy, Gaines, Co. G; must. out July 19, 1865.
Nelson Ripley, Mundy, Co. 11 ; must. out July 19, 1865,
O. B. Rogers, Co. B; disch. for disability, April 20, 1862. Hiram Sorut. Co. If; d.sch. for dli-ability, Oct. 11, 1862.
Richard & ewart, Flint, Co. G; died at Jonesboro', Ga., Sept. I, IST4, of wounds. Henry Shipanan, Co. G ; died at Nashville, Tenn., Sept. 12, 1864, of woouds. Samuel Van Every, Co. B; disch. for disability, Ang. 25, 1862. C. B. Wingort, Fenton, Co. K ; disch. for disability.
Allen K. Wisner, Co. B; disch. for disibility, June 17, 1865.
Myron C. Woodard, corp., Co. B; disch, to re-enl. as veteran, Feb. 6, 1864.
Lewis B. Wells, sergt., Grand Blanc; veteran; absent, sick ; not must. out with company.
CHAPTER XIII.
SIXTEENTH INFANTRY.
" Stockton's Independent Regiment"-Organization at Camp Backus -Winter-Quarters at Hall's Hill, Va .- Peninsula Campaign - Designation as the Sixteenth Infantry-Battles of Hanover Court- House nul Gaines' Mill-Malvern Hill-Harrison's Landing -- Campaign of Second Bull Run - Antietam - Fredericksburg - Chancellorsville - Gettysburg - Re-enlistment - Campaign of the Wilderness-In Front of Petersburg-Closing Campaign of 1865 -Muster Out and Return to Michigan.
THE Sixteenth Regiment of Michigan Infantry was designated, at the time of its organization, and for more than eight months after its muster into the United States service, as " Stockton's Independent Regiment," because raised under authority given for that purpose by the War
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HISTORY OF GENESEE COUNTY, MICHIGAN.
Department to Col. T. B. W. Stockton, of the city of Flint.
Under the first call for volunteers from Michigan, Col. Stockton had tendered his services to Governor Blair to organize and command a regiment, and had received some encouragement that he should receive the command of the 2d Infantry Regiment, which was then forming .* This, however, was afterwards given to Col. Richardson ; but on the organization of the 5th Regiment, it was understood (though whether promised or not is not known) that Col. Stockton was to be its commander ; but this also proved to be a premature announcement, and the command was given to Col. Terry. Upon this, Col. Stockton repaired to Wash- ington, and, in an interview with President Lincoln, made the request for authority to raise a regiment in Michigan, and was by the President referred to the Secretary of War, who thereupon gave the desired permission, upon the con- dition that Governor Blair's acquiescence should first be obtained. But the Governor would consent only on con- dition that seeurity should be given for the necessary ex- penses of the organization and subsistence of the proposed regiment until it should be mustered into the service of the United States. Col. Stockton was not prepared to comply with this condition, and it seemed as if his plan was des- tined to failure ; but just at this time occurred the battle and defeat of Bull Run, and upon this he again went to Washington, and obtained a second interview with Seere- tary Cameron, whom he found fully alive to the necessity for more troops to avert the peril in which the capital and the country stood in consequence of the then late disaster. This consideration overshadowed all others, and indueed the Secretary to grant the colonel's request, free from the condition which he had before imposed. The necessary order was issued by the department, and Col. Stockton returned without delay to Detroit.
Immediately upon it becoming known that he had been authorized to raise a regiment, a number of applications were made to him by persons desiring authority to recruit companies for the new organization. Among the first of these was Capt. Stephen Martin, who, in making his re- quest, inquired what was to be the name of the regiment. In answer, the colonel said that he (Martin) should have the privilege of giving a name to the organization as well as of raising a company for it. "Then," replied the cap- tain, "it shall be 'Stockton's Independent Regiment,'" which designation was at once adopted. Recruiting was immediately commenced at several points in the State, and though it proceeded under some discouragements, the progress made was so rapid that the regiment was ready for muster in less than five weeks from the issuance of the War Department order authorizing the organization.
# The Citizen, of Flint, in its issue of April 20, 1861, said : " Col. Stockton, in anticipation of a call from the Governor, and that a regiment would be raised by companies from all parts of the State, has tendered his services as colonel of said regiment. We feel sure there is no one in the State more capable or competent or who has scen more service. Ile is a graduate of West Point, served over ten years in the regular service, was colonel of the Ist Michigan volun- teer regiment in the Mexican war, and for the past two years has been intimately connected with our volunteer company," the Flint Union Grays, who went into service with the 2d Infantry Regiment.
In nine of the companies of this regiment there were officers or enlisted men, or both, from Genesee County. There was one company however, which (particularly during the raising and organizing of the regiment) was generally known as " the Genesee company," because it was very largely composed of men from this county. This was the company raised by Capt. Thomas C. Carr, whose recruiting- station was at the city of Flint. The recruiting-name of the company was the " Genesee Light Guard," though its nucleus was an organization which had been earlier known as the " Flushing Light Artillery." Capt. Carr's company filled up rapidly, and on the 7th of August, 1861, it left Flint under his command, and proceeded to the regimental rendezvous, which had been established at Detroit, the camp being named " Camp Backus," in honor of Lieut .- Col. E. Backus, U. S. A., by whom the regiment was mustered into the United States service, Sept. 7-13, 1861. The field- and staff-officers of the regiment were: Colonel, Thomas B. W. Stockton ; Lieutenant-Colonel, John V. Reuhle; Major, Norval E. Welch ; Adjutant, T. E. Morris; Surgeon, Isaac Wixom ; Assistant Surgeon, William H. Butler ; Chaplain, Rev, W. II. Brockway ; Quartermaster, F. H. Elder.
The officers of the "Genesee Light Guard" (designated in the organization as "C" company ) were : Captain, Thos. C. Carr; First Lieutenant, Miner S. Newell ; Second Lieu- tenant, Randolph W. Ransom.
On Saturday, September 14th, orders were received from the War Department directing Col. Stockton to proceed with his regiment to Washington, D. C. Preparations were at onee commenced, and on the following Monday the com- mand was ready to take its departure. At four o'clock in the afternoon of that day the companies marched out upon the parade-ground at Camp Backus, and formed in a hollow square, for the ceremony of the presentation of a flag, the gift of the ladies of Detroit-through Mrs. Charles H. Dunks-to Stockton's Independent Regiment. The flag was of heavy blue silk, six by six and one-half feet in di- mensions, bearing on one side the arms of the State, with the words " Stockton's Regiment" underneath, and on the reverse the national emblems-the eagle and shield-and the words " Stand by the Union" upon a scroll. The pre- sentation address was made by Judge Wilkins, and was re- sponded to by Col. Stockton, both speeches being applauded most enthusiastically. The color was received from the hand of Mrs. Dunks by. Col. Stockton, and by him handed to Sergt. C. McDowell, of the "Genesee Light Guard," which was the color company.
At six o'clock the regiment-numbering seven hundred and sixty-one enlisted men-marched to the river, where Companies A, B, and F embarked on the steamer " City of Cleveland," and the other companies, with the field and staff, on the " May Queen," bound for Cleveland. They arrived at that city in the following morning, and proceeded thence by rail, ria Pittsburgh, Harrisburg, and Baltimore, to Washington, which city was reached on Thursday, Sep- tember 19th. There the regiment remained in camp till the 28th, when it crossed the Potomac into Virginia, and moved to Fort Corcoran. After a three days' stay at that place it was moved to llall's Hill, Va., where it was assigned to the 3d (Butterfield's) Brigade, in Gen. Fitz-John Porter's di-
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SIXTEENTH INFANTRY.
vision. The infantry regiments, besides Col. Stockton's, composing the 3d Brigade were the 83d Pennsylvania, Col. Mclane; the 17th New York, Col. Lansing; and the People's Ellsworth Regiment (444th New York ), Col. Ste- phen Stryker.
Ilere was regularly laid out a camp, which became the winter-quarters of the regiment and the home of its officers and men for a period of nearly six months, which time was devoted mainly to the attainment of military discipline, proficiency in drill, and to the transformation of a body of brave and patriotic citizens into an efficient regiment of sol- diers. In effecting this the military education and experi- ence of Col. Stockton was invaluable; his success was com- plete, and universally acknowledged. Especially were the benefits of his oversight and experience discernible in the superior sanitary condition of the regiment during its stay at Hall's Hill, and in the campaign which followed.
Before the carliest streakings of daylight in the morning of March 10, 1862, the 3d Brigade struck camp, and marched from its winter-quarters to Fairfax Court-House, where the 44th New York was temporarily detached, and, in company with Averill's Sth Pennsylvania Cavalry, ad- vanced on Centreville, the troops fully believing at that time that a direct movement was to be made on Richmond. But the enemy's works at Centreville and Manassas were found deserted, the detachment returned, and the entire brigade marched through drenching rain, over most wretched roads, and in a state of gloom and disappointment, to Alexandria, where it embarked on steamers on the 21st of March, and on the following day proceeded down the Potomac and the Chesapeake Bay to Fortress Monroe, arriving there on the 24th, and marching thence, on the 25th, to a camp in the vicinity of Hampton. This was a Virginian village which had then recently been destroyed by fire by order of the Confederate general, Magruder,-a place which nature had made beautiful, which its inhabitants had embellished and embowered with roses and woodbine, but now only a waste of bare chimneys and blackened walls. The camp of the regiment was located about two miles from the village, and was named " Camp Wide Awake." Here the command re- mained until the 27th, when, with the brigade, it took part in a reconnoissance in force, moving as far up the Penin- sula as Big Bethel, but, encountering no serious opposition, returned to the camp near Ilampton.
On the morning of the 4th of April the Army of the Potomac, more than one hundred thousand strong, moved up the Peninsula by the different roads, and, in the after- noon of the 5th, Stockton's regiment, with the 3d Brigade, stood before the enemy's intrenchments at Yorktown. Here Gen. Butterfield ealled the officers of his brigade together, and gave orders for each regiment to leave all knapsacks under charge of one man, and to be ready in two minutes to charge the rebel works. It was rumored, and was prob- ably true, that the general had asked permission to make the assault with his brigade. Had he done so, with such support as might easily have been furnished, there is little doubt that the fading daylight of that Saturday afternoon would have seen the Stars and Stripes floating over the hos- tile ramparts ; but the desired permission was not given, and that night the great army lighted its camp-fires in front of
the fortified line, and sat down to a four weeks' siege of Yorktown.
While at this place the regiment was engaged in the usual rontine duty and drill, interspersed with labor upon the earthworks and parallels which were constructed in pursuance of the plan of the commanding general to cap- ture the place by regular approach. During this time the strength of the regiment had been augmented to one thou- sand men by enlistments, and by the addition of two new companies from Detroit. The health of the command also remained good, in consequence of the striet sanitary rules of Col. Stockton, and in marked contrast to that of many other regiments, notable among which was its companion in the brigade, the 4th New York, whose men suffered so severely from sickness that when the advance was made they were left as a garrison at Yorktown.
Early in the morning of Sunday, May 4th, it became known that the hostile fortifications were evacuated, and soon the troops were in motion in pursuit of the retiring enemy. Col. Stockton's command remained within the captured works until the 8th of May, when it embarked and proceeded thence up the York River to West Point, Va., reaching there on the following day. While at this place the regiment received its designating number, which the colonel (though on some accounts unwilling to do so) was induced to accept in view of possible future advantages which might accrue to his officers and men. From this time it was no longer known as "Stockton's Independent Regiment," but as the 16th Michigan Infantry, in the 3d Brigade, 1st Division (Morell's) of the 5th Provisional Army Corps, which was formed at that time ( May 10th) and placed under command of Gen. Fitz-John Porter.
On the 13th of May the 16th marched with its brigade from West Point to Cumberland, on the Pamunkey River. Thence it moved by way of White House and Tunstall's Station to Gaines' Mills, where it arrived on the 26th, having advanced forty miles from Yorktown in eighteen days ! Before daybreak on the 27th of May the division of' Gen. Morell moved from Gaines', and marched rapidly through rain and mud towards Hanover Court-House for the purpose of destroying the railroad at that point, in which vicinity there was known to be a considerable force of the enemy, which proved to be Branch's rebel division, consisting of seven regiments, with artillery. A part of Morell's division,-the 2d Maine and the 25th and 44th New York,-under command of Gen. Martindale, was left by the way to hold an important position, while the re- mainder of the division went forward to capture the station at Hanover, and to destroy the railway track, which service was successfully accomplished, while Martindale bravely held his ground against the determined attack of Branch. If Martindale could have been forced from his position the advanced troops of Morell would have been left in a most perilous situation, but in this attempt the rebels failed, and after a hot engagement of more than an hour's duration were compelled to retire with a heavy loss in killed, wounded, and prisoners. On the Union side the loss, in the 44th New York alone, was twenty-seven killed and fifty-seven Wounded. " Gen. Butterfield, hearing firing in the rear, moved his command at once to the point of attack. Few
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HISTORY OF GENESEE COUNTY, MICHIGAN.
of the 16th who were present will ever forget that march in line of battle across wheat-fields, through swamps and ravines, cheering as they advanced, impetuous to strike their first great blow for freedom. The enemy, seeing that to remain was to be captured or killed, fled in dismay, leaving their dead, wounded, and many prisoners on our hands. The day's work was a complete triumph, and that night we bivouacked for the first time on the field we had won. . . . Ilere for the first time the regiment had a taste of living on the enemy. Through some strange freak, the commanding officers winked at it. Beef, pork, dried fruits, and preserves-in fact, everything that an epicure could erave-were procured in abundance, and indulged in with apparent emotions of pleasure. That day was never for- gotten by the 16th during its entire service thereafter ; its members ever after repeated the operation whenever the country afforded the material."* The division having successfully accomplished its mission, returned to its camp on the north side of the Chickahominy, near Gaines' Mills, on the 29th of May. At about one P.M. on the 31st the crash of artillery and the incessant roar of musketry were heard coming from the woods and thickets on the opposite side of the river, and the infernal uproar continued during most of the afternoon. It was the battle of Fair Oaks. The men of the 16th stood with their brigade in line ready to cross the stream to the assistance of their comrades, but they were not ordered in on this or the following day, when the fight was renewed.
With but one change of camp the 16th remained near Gaines' Mill until the first day of the Seven Days' battles, -Thursday, June 26th,-when it was moved in haste towards Mechanicsville to support the right of the Union line against the assault of the redoubtable Stonewall Jack- son, but it was not engaged in the fierce battle that ensued. Before daylight on the following morning it retired with other regiments (though not unmolested by the enemy) from the position held during the night to Gaines' Mill, where a line of battle was formed with Butterfield's brigade on the extreme left, Sykes' division of regulars on the right, and MeCall's Pennsylvania Reserve division in the second line. Approaching them were the rebel commands of Generals A. P. Hill, Longstreet, D. Il. Ilill, and the dreaded Jackson, in all more than fifty thousand men, against half that number on the Union side. The battle was opened by a furious attack on Porter's right. Ilere the enemy was at first repulsed, but renewed the assault and turned the Union right, which retreated in disorder and caused the whole line to give way, which resulted in Col. Stockton being made prisoner by the enemy. Sick and unfit for duty, he had insisted on entering the field at the head of his regiment, though against the expostulations and earnest protest of his surgeon, and now, dismounted and weak from illness, he became separated from his com- mand in the turmoil and disorder of the retreat, and was afterwards captured and taken to Richmond. The hard- ships which he was compelled to endure during his subse- quent captivity wrought injury to his health from which he has never recovered.
# From a sketch written by Capt. T. Frank Powers, of the 16th Regiment.
The retreating line was finally rallied, and the 16th, now under command of Maj. Welch, with other troops charged on the defiant foe, but only to be decimated and hurled back in utter rout, leaving their dead and wounded on the crimson field. This closed the disasters of the day for the 16th, and a bloody day it had been for this regiment. Its losses had been forty-nine killed, one hundred and sixteen wounded, and fifty-five missing. Of the killed, three were officers, and among these was Capt. Thomas C. Carr, of the Genesee company, he being the first member of the regi- ment who died on the battle-field.
The day of Gaines' Mill had closed in blood and defeat, and during the succeeding night the Union forces, includ- ing the remnant of the 16th Michigan, succceded in cross- ing the swollen Chickahominy and destroying the bridges behind them, though two bridges farther down the streani (Bottom's and Long Bridges) still remained, and it was not long after sunrise on Saturday morning when the rebel force under the indomitable Jackson was massed at the upper one of these and making preparations to cross to the south side. Other hostile forces were also advancing from Richmond direct on MeClellan's left wing, and in view of this rather alarming situation of affairs the general had, as carly as Friday evening, decided on a retreat by the whole army to the James River, where a base of supplies could be held and communication on the river kept open by the co-operation of the Union gunboats. The troops were informed of the proposed change by an apparently trium- phant announcement (intended merely to encourage the soldiers and lighten in some degree the gloom of the great disaster) that a new and mysterious flank movement was about to be executed which would surely and swiftly result in the capture of Richmond. No such assurance, however, could conceal from the intelligent men who formed the Army of the Potomac that their backs and not their faces were now turned towards the rebel capital, and that the much vaunted change of base was made from necessity rather than choice.
During the four days succeeding the battle of Gaines' Mill the men of the 16th took part in the daily fight, skirmish, and march, which brought them on Tuesday, July 1st, to the heights of Malvern. On that field the regiment lost thirty-nine killed and wounded and three missing, but it held the position assigned it, repulsing the repeated attacks of the enemy with unsurpassed bravery, and strewed the ground thickly with his dead and wounded. The battle was opened at this point at about four o'clock P.M., and from that time until darkness closed, the roar of musketry was unintermitting. Finally the carnage ceased, and the men of the North laid themselves down (victors, they believed) to rest on the blood-soaked field. But at about one o'clock in the morning of July 2d orders were given to fall in for a march, and the regiment moved silently down the hill, and away on the road to Berkeley (or llarrison's Landing), leaving their dead and wounded behind.
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