USA > Michigan > Ionia County > Ionia County, Michigan, rural directory, 1917 > Part 19
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CANKER OF THE MOUTH AND HEAD .- The sores characteristic of this disease are covered with a yellow cheesy matter which, when it is removed, reveals the raw flesh. Canker will rapidly spread through a flock, as the exudation from the sores is a virulent poison, and well birds are contaminated through the soft feed and drinking water. Sick birds should be separated from the flock and all water and feed vessels disinfected by scalding or coating with lime wash. Ap- ply to sores with a small pippet syringe or dropper the peroxide of hydrogen. When the entire surface is more or less affected, use a sprayer. Where there is much of the cheesy matter formed, first remove it with a large quill before using - the peroxide. A simple remedy is an application to the raw flesh of powdered alum, scorched until slightly brown. .
SCALY LEG, caused by a microscopic in- sect burrowing beneath the natural scales of the shank. At first the shanks appear dry, and a fine scale like dandruff forms. Soon the natural scale disappears and gives place to a hard, white scurf. The disease passes from one fowl to another through the medium of nests and perches, and the mother-hen infecting her brood. To prevent its spread, coat perches with kerosene and burn old nest- ing material and never use sitting hens affected by the disease. To cure, mix 1/2 ounce flowers of sulphur, 1/4 ounce carbolic acid crystals and stir these into 1 pound of melted lard. Apply with an old tooth brush, rubbing in well. Make applications at intervals of a week.
WORMS in the intestines of fowls indi- cate disturbed digestion. Loss of appe- tite and lack of thrift are signs of their presence. Give santonin in 2-grain doses
.
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IONIA COUNTY
Bell Phone No. 122 Free Air
Republic Tires
F. R. CAINE Auto Storage and Livery
North Second St.,
IONIA, MICHIGAN
GASOLINE, OIL AND ACCESSORIES
ROWNING'S WYANDOTTES SILVER GOLDEN WHITE
EAUTIFUL
The Kind That Win, Lay and Pay Eggs from best Exhibition matings. $3.00 per 15; $5.00 per 30. Good utility stock $1.50 per 15; $2.50 per 30. Choice breeding stock reasonable. Twenty-five years exhibitor and breeder. Circular free. Eggs by Parcel Post prepaid.
Clarence W. Browning, R. 2 Portland, Mich.
W. F. SOULE
Real Estate, Insurance and Loans IONIA New Weber Block MICHIGAN
GO TO Cutler-Lauster Drug Co. FOR YOUR SPRAYING MATERIAL
Always Fresh and Pure IONIA, MICH.
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six hours apart. A few hours after the second dose give a dessertspoonful of castor oil. `Or, put 15 drops of spirits of turpentine in a pint of water and moisten the feed with it.
BUMBLE-FOOT, caused by a bruise in fly- ing down from perches or in some simi- lar manner. A small corn appears on the bottom of the foot, which swells and ulcerates and fills with hard, cheesy pus. With a sharp knife make a cross cut and carefully remove all the pus. Wash the cavity with warm water, dip the foot in a solution of one-fourth ounce sulphate of copper to a quart of water and bind up with a rag and place the bird on a bed of dry straw. Before putting on the bandage anoint the wound with the oint- ment recommended for scaly leg or coat it with iodine.
GAPES, caused by the gape-worm, a parasite that attaches itself to the wind- pipe, filling it up and causing the bird to gasp for breath. The worm is about three-fourths of an inch long, smooth and red in color. It appears to be forked at one end, but in reality each parasite is two worms, a male and female, firmly joined together. This parasite breeds in the common earth worm. Chicks over three months old are seldom affected. If kept off of the ground for two months after hatching, or on perfectly dry soil, or on land where affected chicks have never run, chicks will seldom suffer from the gapes. Old runs and infested soil should have frequent dressings of lime.
In severe cases the worms should be removed. To do this put a few drops of kerosene in a teaspoonful of sweet oil. Strip a soft wing feather of its web to within an inch of the tip, dip in the oil, insert feather in windpipe, twirl and withdraw. Very likely some of the para- sites and mucus will come with it. The rest will be loosened or killed, and event- ually thrown out. It may be necessary to repeat the operation.
To kill the worm in its lodgment, gum camphor in the drinking water or pellets of it as large as a pea forced down the throat is recommended. Turpentine in the soft feed, as advised in the treatment for worms in the intestines, is said to be effective. Pinching the windpipe with the thumb and finger will sometimes loosen the parasite.
When broods are quartered on sofl known to be infested, air-slacked lime should be dusted on the floor of the coop, and every other night, for two or three weeks, a little of the same should
be dusted in the coop over the hen and her brood. To apply, use a dusting bel- lows and only a little each time.
CHOLERA is due to a specific germ, or virus, and must not be confounded with common diarrhoea. In genuine cholera ligestion is arrested, the crop remains full, there is fever and great thirst. The bird drinks, but refuses food and appears to be in distress. There is a thickening of the blood, which is made evident in the purple color of the comb. The dis- charges from the kidneys, called the urates, which in health are white, become yellowish, deep yellow, or, in the final stages, a greenish-yellow. The diarrhoea grows more severe as the disease pro- gresses. A fowl generally succumbs in two days. The virus of cholera is not diffusible in the air, but remains in the soil, which becomes infected from the discharges, and in the body and blood of the victims. It may be carried from place to place on the feet of other fowls or animals. Soil may be disinfected by saturating it with a weak solution of sul- phuric acid in water. Remove at once all well birds to new and clean quarters and wring the necks of all sick birds and burn their carcasses and disinfect their quarters.
For cases not too far gone to cure give sugar of lead, pulverized opium, gum camphor, of- each, 60 grains, pow- dered capsicum (or fluid extract of cap- sicum is better, 10 drops), grains, 10. Dissolve the camphor in just enough al- cohol that will do so without making it a fluid, then rub up the other ingredients in the same bolus, mix with soft corn meal dough, enough to make it into a mass, then roll it and divide the whole into one hundred and twenty pills. Dose, one to three pills a day for grown chicks or turkey, less to the smaller fry. . The birds that are well enough to eat should have sufficient powdered charcoal in their soft feed every other day to color it slightly, and for every twenty fowls five drops of carbolic acid in the hot water with which the feed in moistened.
ROUP .-- The first symptoms are those of a cold in the head. Later on the watery discharge from the nostrils and eyes thickens and fills the nasal cavities and throat, the head swells and the eyes close up and bulge out. The odor from affected fowls is very offensive. It is contagious by diffusion in the air and by contact with the exudations from sick fowls. To disinfect houses and coops burn sulphur and carbolic acid in
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IONIA COUNTY
IONIA EGG & POULTRY CO. T. H. SOWERS, Manager DEALERS IN POULTRY, EGGS AND BUTTER IONIA :: MICHIGAN
Farmers and Merchants Bank of Lake Odessa, Mich. CAPITAL $25,000.00 SURPLUS AND PROFITS $25,000.00 RESOURCES OVER $460,000.00 We pay 31/2% on deposits. We solicit your banking business
C. S. KART DEALER IN Automobiles, Accessories, Tires, Etc. JUST NORTH OF DEPOT LAKE ODESSA MICHIGAN
West Sebewa General Store L. G. WALLACE, Proprietor Groceries, Rubber Goods, Work Shoes Overalls and Work Shirts, Tobacco, etc. Both Phones R. D. 5, PORTLAND - - - MICHIGAN
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them after turning the fowls out and keep closed for an hour or two. Pour a gill of turpentine and a gill of carbolic acid over a peck of lime and let it be- come slaked, then scatter freely over the interior of houses and coops and about the yards.
For the first stages spray the affected flock while on the roost or in the coop with a mixture of two tablespoonfuls of carbolic acid and a piece of fine salt as big as a walnut in a pint of water. Re- peat two or three times a week. Or, if a dry powder is preferred, mix equal parts of sulphur, alum and magnesia and dust this in their nostrils, eyes and throat with a small powder gun. The nasal cavities should be kept open by injecting with a glass syringe or sewing machine oil-can a drop or two of crude petro- leum. A little should be introduced also through the slit in the roof of the mouth. Give sick birds a dessertspoon- ful of castor oil two nights in succession, and feed soft food of bran and corn meal seasoned with red pepper and pow- dered charcoal. A physician advises the following treatment: hydrastin, 10 grains ; sulph. quinine, 10 grains; capsi- cum, 20 grains. Mixed in a mass with balsam copaiba and made into twenty pills; give one pill morning and night ; keep the bird warm and inject a satu- rated solution of chlorate potash in nos- trils and about 20 drops down the throat.
PIP, so-called, is not a disease but only a symptom. The drying and hardening of the end of the tongue in what is called "pip" is due to breathing through the mouth, which the bird is compelled to do because of the stoppage of the nostrils. By freeing .the natural air passages the tongue will resume its nor- mal condition.
. DIPHTHERIA is a contagious disease. ' The first symptoms are those of a com- mon cold and catarrh. The head be- comes red and there are signs of fever, then the throat fills up with thick, white mucus and white ulcers appear. The bird looks anxious and stretches its neck and gasps. When it attacks young chicks it is frequently mistaken for gapes. When diphtheria prevails, impregnate the drinking water with camphor. a tea- spoonful of the spirits to a gallon of water, and fumigate the house as recom- mended for roup.
Spray the throat with peroxide of hydrogen or with this formula: 1 ounce glycerine, 5 drops nitric acid, 1 gill water. To treat several birds at once with medi-
cated vapor, take a long box with the lid off, make a partition across and near to one end and cover the bottom with coal ashes. Mix a tablespoonful each of pine tar, turpentine and sulphur, to which add a few drops, or a few crys- tals, of carbolic acid and a pinch of gum camphor. Heat a brick very hot, put the fowls in the large part and the brick in the other, drop a spoonful of the mixture on the brick and cover lightly to keep the fumes in among the patients. Watch carefully, as one or two minutes may be all they can endure. Re- peat in six hours if required.
CROP-BOUND .- The crop becomes much distended and hard from obstruction of the passage from the crop to the giz- zard by something swallowed; generally, it is long, dried grass, a bit of rag or rope. Relief may sometimes be af- forded by giving a tablespoonful of sweet oil and then gently kneading the crop with the hand. Give no food, ex- cept a little milk, until the crop is emptied. Wet a tablespoonful or more of pulverized charcoal with the milk and force it down the throat. Should the crop not empty itself naturally pluck a few feathers from the upper right side of it and with a sharp knife make a cut about an inch long in the outer skin. Draw this skin a little to one side and cut open the crop. Remove its con- tents, being careful not to miss the ob- struction. Have a needle threaded with white silk ready, and take a stitch or two in the crop skin first, then sew up the outer skin separately. Put the pa- tient in a comfortable coop, and feed sparingly for a week on bran and meal in a moist state, and give but little water.
SOFT OR SWELLED-CROP arises from lack of grit, or from eating soggy and unwholesome food. The distended crop contains water and gas, the bird is fever- ish and drinks a great deal. By holding it up with its head down the crop will usually empty itself. When this is done give teaspoon doses of charcoal slightly moistened twice at intervals of six hours. Restrict the supply of water and feed chopped onions and soft feed in moder- ation.
EGG-BOUND, DISEASES OF THE OVIDUCT. Overfat hens are often troubled in this way. Forcing hens for egg production will sometimes break down the laying machinery Give green food, oats,"little corn, and no stimulating condiments. Let the diet be plain and cooling in its
165
IONIA COUNTY
Belding Marble and Granite Works IN MEMORIAM
When Contemplating the Erection of a MONUMENT To those departed, come and see our large and beautiful stock of new and artistic work, the largest in Central Michigan. Also a collection of exclusive
DESIGNS
Fine Lettering, Carving and Tracing with Pneumatic Tools Our Specialty
WM. J. CLARKE, Office and Works: No. 115 N. Pleasant St., Belding, Mich. CITIZEN'S TELEPHONE NO. 174 GOOD WORK AND LOW PRICES
T. J. BANDFIELD & SON
Furniture and Undertaking First Class Horse and Motor Funeral Equipment
PORTLAND
- MICHIGAN
B. FRANK NOYES
JOHN H. NOYES B. F. NOYES & SON BREEDERS OF Pure Bred Holstein Cattle and Buff Rock Poultry
CLARKSVILLE
Citizens' Phone 124-4R
Saranac Exchange
MICHIGAN
DAVID SMITH GEORGE SMITH SAMUEL VELTE Smith Brothers, Velte & Company ELEVATORS AT LAKE ODESSA, WOODBURY, WOODLAND, COATS GROVE AND HASTINGS Grain, Beans, Seeds, Coal, Tile, Cement, Lime, Etc., Etc. LAKE ODESSA, MICHIGAN
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nature. - To relieve hens of eggs broken in the oviduct, anoint the forefinger with sweet oil and deftly insert and draw out the broken parts. When the hen is very fat and the egg is so large it cannot be expelled, the only way to save the hen is to break the egg and remove it as above directed.
WHITE-COMB OR SCURVY, caused by crowded and filthy quarters and lack of green food. The comb is covered with a white scurf. This condition some- times extends over the head and down the neck, causing the feathers to fall off. Change the quarters and diet, give a dose of castor oil and follow this with a half a teaspoonful of sulphur in the soft food daily.
RHEUMATISM AND CRAMP caused by cold and dampness. Chicks reared on bottom-heat brooders are particularly subject to these troubles. Damp earth floors and cement floors in poultry houses produce it in older birds.
Give dry and comfortable quarters, feed little meat, plenty of green food, and soft feed seasoned with red pepper. DIARRHEA of chicks with clogging of the vent. Remove the hardened excre-
tion and anoint the parts. Chamomilla is useful in this complaint, a few drops in drinking water.
FROSTED COMB AND WATTLES .- As soon as discovered bathe with compound tinc- ture of benzoin.
FOR LICE on perches, walls and coops, use kerosene or lime wash. To make the lime-wash more effective, pour a little crude carbolic acid on the lime before slaking or mix with plenty of salt.
For use in nests, pour crude carbolic acid on lime and allow it to air-slake. Put one or two handfuls of the car- bolized lime dust in the nest box.
Pyrethrum powder kills by contact and is effective for dusting in nests, and through the feathers of birds. Its judi- cious use in the plumage and nests of sitting hens will insure immunity from Ilce for the hen and her young brood.
Chicks and poults are often killed by large lice that congregate about the head, throat, vent and wings. To de- stroy them, soak fish berries in alcohol, take the birds from under the mothers at night and slightly moisten the down of the infested parts with the poison.
How to Preserve Eggs
Now that eggs are dearer as a rule than they have been for years, many people are inquiring about the methods of preserving them. The old way was to pack them in salt or lime. This served the purpose, but it gave the eggs a very strong taste.
The approved method now is the one which calls for the use of "water glass," or silicate of soda. This is a thick, syrupy liquid which can be had at most drug stores for about 10 cents a pound, and a pound is enough to treat five dozen eggs, so that the cost of preserving is about two cents a dozen.
There are several grades of water glass, and it is wise to get the best. To prepare the solution, stir one part of the silicate of soda into sixteen parts of water which has been boiled, cooled and carefully measured.
It is essential to have the eggs fresh, or the experiment will not be a great success. Those over three days old should not be used, as the air has already had a chance to penetrate them. The very best way is to keep the solution made up ready and put the eggs into it just as soon as they are brought in from the nests, if you have your own chickens.
It is worse than useless to try to pre- serve eggs that are not fresh or that have been cracked or washed.
Incubation and Gestation Tables
Chickens .20-22 days
Geese 28-34 days
Ducks .28 days
Turkeys 27-29 days
Guinea fowls .28 days
Pheasants
.25 days
Ostriches 40-42 days
The period of gestation in animals varies considerably, but the following is an average period based on a long series of observations :
Elephant
2 years
Camel 11-12 months
Ass 12 months
Mare
11 months
Cow
9 months
Sheep
5 months
Goat
5 months
Pig
31/2 months
Bitch
9 weeks
Cat
8 weeks
Rabbit
30 days
Guinea pig.
.65 days
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CEMENT
The Building Material for Per- manence. Cheapest in the End
J. F. CLASSIC of LAKE ODESSA
Knows how to Build with CEMENT. Ask Him, Write or Phone BELL CONNECTION
Bonnie Mead Dairy Shorthorns
Herd headed by Glenwood Albino 410740, whose dam gave 12313 pounds milk in a year and whose sire was the best bred Milking Shorthorn in America. Our females are all well bred and descended from heavy milking ancestry. RAY NORMINGTON R. D. No. 4 IONIA, MICHIGAN
OFFICE HOURS 8 to 12 A. M .; 1 to 5 P. M .:
Citizens' Phone
Office, 317
Residence, 380-3R
Wednesday and Saturday Evenings 7 to 9
BESS E. STRONG OSTEOPATHIC PHYSICIAN
State Savings Bank Bldg. IONIA, MICHIGAN
THE RIGHT PLACE Photos Day or Night. Developing and Printing Our Specialty Outdoor Photography Anywhere Within a Radius of 10 Miles .
Expert Cleaning and Repairing on all makes of PHONOGRAPHS, VICTROLAS and EDISON DIAMOND DISC INSTRUMENTS. Work Called For and Delivered All Work Guaranteed. Prices Right
We Repair All Kinds of JEWELRY, CLOCKS AND CAMERAS General Repair Work
WEST MAIN STREET
H. R. KENT, Prop. Citizens' Phone 265
IONIA, MICHIGAN
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Cow Ailments and How to Treat Them (From the Biggle Cow Book)
Let sick or maimed animals lie still. Do not torture them by trying to get them up. Rub their limbs every day and keep a soft bed under them. They will get up when they are able.
If a cow look poor and weak, put a blanket on her, keep her in a warm place, and feed her some corn meal and middlings, and some oats. Give her warm drink, and stir a little cheap flour in it. Do not let her run clear down. Look ahead.
If cows are accidentally left out in a rain and seem cold, put them in the stable as soon as possible and rub them well. If they shiver, put blankets on them until they are dry. If there is inflammation or hardness in the udder, bathe it thoroughly for at least half an hour, and rub gently until thoroughly dry.
If this does not effect a cure put a warm flaxseed poultice on the udder, which can be held in place by means of an eight-tailed bandage. This should be changed twice a day until the hardness and soreness are gone. Of course, the cow should be milked out two or three times each day. .
If a cow get a foreign body in the mouth turn her head towards the light and remove it.
When chaff or other dirt gets into the eye syringe or sponge the eye fre- quently with clean cold water contain- ing sulphate of zinc one grain to each ounce of water. Keep stable darkened.
For CHOKING, examine throat and neck; if offending object is felt, attempt to force upward into the mouth by pres- sure of hands below the object. Give one pint linseed oil or melted lard. May sometimes reach with hand by holding tongue aside. Do not push a stiff stick or fork handle down the throat; a piece of rubber hose, well greased, is less likely to ruin the cow.
If a cow has BLOAT or HOVEN there will be a drum-like swelling on left side in front of hip, caused by green food, wet or frosted clover, overfeeding, chok- ing. Give one-half teacupful table salt in water, as drench. Exercise. If not relieved give aromatic spirits of am- monia, two ounces, well diluted, every hour.
Where there is great danger of suf- focation a puncture of the paunch may be made with a knife at a point, equally
distant from the point of hip and last rib, on left side of cow.
IMPACTION OF PAUNCH is caused by overeating, and the symptoms are fail- ing appetite, solid or doughy swell- ing on front of left hip. Give one to two pounds Glauber salts dissolved in water; follow every three hours by drench of mixture of equal parts com- mon salt, nux vomica powdered and capsicum. Dose, one tablespoonful.
In COLIC the symptoms are uneasiness, striking belly with hind legs, lying down and getting up. Cause, change of diet, rapid feeding. Give Glauber salts, one pound in water; warm water enemas. Give every hour one ounce each of laudanum and sulphuric ether, diluted.
CONSTIPATION caused by dry, coarser food and lack of exercise, is treated with green food, linseed meal and exercise; give pint of raw linseed oil. DIARRHEA is treated with starch gruel or flour and water and dry food.
SCOURS in calves is caused by over- feeding, bad food or drink, damp stables, dirty surroundings. Remove cause and withhold food the best remedy. Give once daily twenty grains potassium per- manganate in tincup of water; also use same for enema.
Cows are subject to FOUNDER, showing sudden tenderness in two or more feet; feet hot and may crack around top of hoof. This comes from overfeeding. Give Glauber salts one pound, twenty drops tincture aconite every two hours. Keep feet moist by wet pasture or wet cloths.
GARGET or SWOLLEN UDDER, due to cold, injuries, overfeeding or heating. food. Bathe frequently with warm water; dry, and apply warm lard. Milk often. Give internally two-drachm doses salicylic acid and one drachm soda bicarbonate in one pint of milk four times daily.
DISCHARGE OF Mucus from nostrils in- dicates catarrh from exposure, dust, or pollen of plants. Allow animal to breathe steam from water containing pine tar.
In SORE THROAT there is difficulty in swallowing, food returns through nos- trils. Steam as in catarrh, give tincture belladonna one-half ounce every six hours. Rub throat with equal parts tur- pentine and sweet oil.
In BRONCHITIS there is dry cough first,
169
IONIA COUNTY
Citizens Phone 43-J Bell Phone 257-L City Cleaning Parlors FRED S. HOWARD, Prop. PRESSING, REPAIRING AND DYEING FRENCH DRY CLEANING TAILORING I USE ENERGINE
IONIA, MICH.
Insure with a Good Live, Active, Growing Progressive Agency THE BURNETT AGENCY IS EQUIPPED TO HANDLE ALL KINDS OF INSURANCE, LARGE OR SMALL GIVE ME A CALL WHEN IN NEED OF INSURANCE BELL PHONE, 103-J. CITZ., 44 Morse-Babcock Bldg., IONIA, MICH.
The Saranac State Bank 4 PER CENT INTEREST 100 PER CENT SERVICE
Saranac
-
-
Michigan
The Farmers Union Mutual Fire Insurance Company of BARRY, IONIA AND KENT COUNTIES
T HIS Company was organized over thirty years ago, has $9,000,000 at risk and 4,500 members. On account of assessing in advance they lose nothing on delinquents and pays no interest. The annual cost of protection has been 18 cents for each $100 insured for the past 14 years. HOME OFFICE, WOODLAND, MICHIGAN
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then loose, and discharge from nostrils ; rattling sound in windpipe. Steam as in sore throat and give tincture aconite twenty drops every two hours and two drachms muriate ammonia in one pint of water three times daily. For bron- chitis in young stock due to worms in windpipe, which sometimes occur in autumn where they are pastured late, give one ounce turpentine and six ounces sweet oil well mixed three times a week. Take from pasture and feed liberally.
In PNEUMONIA there is loss of appe- tite, animal standing, rapid breathing, pulse frequent, extremities cold. Cause, exposure or neglected bronchitis. Place in a warm, dry, well-ventilated stable, apply to chest equal parts turpentine and alcohol and cover with blanket. In be- ginning give tincture aconite twenty drops every hour. If not better in two days discontinue aconite and give one ounce tr. digitalis every eight hours.
In PLEURISY there is fever with rapid pulse, animal stands, grunts on moving or when chest is struck, has a short painful cough. Treat same as for pneu- monia; give also one drachm iodide of potash twice daily.
SORE TEATS are caused by scratches from briers, bites of insects, dirt expo- sure, also from the contagion of cow pox at milking. Remove cause and use milk tube if necessary; apply to sores after milking small quantity of mixture gly- cerine four ounces and carbolic acid one drachm. In cow pox milk affected cow last and apply to sores mixture glycer- ine four ounces, water eight ounces, chloride of zinc twenty grains.
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