History of Brown County, Minnesota: Its People, Industries and Institutions (Volume 1), Part 1

Author: L. A. Fritsche, M. D.
Publication date: 1916
Publisher:
Number of Pages:


USA > Minnesota > Brown County > History of Brown County, Minnesota: Its People, Industries and Institutions (Volume 1) > Part 1


Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org.


Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Part 17 | Part 18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22 | Part 23 | Part 24 | Part 25 | Part 26 | Part 27 | Part 28 | Part 29 | Part 30 | Part 31 | Part 32 | Part 33 | Part 34 | Part 35 | Part 36 | Part 37 | Part 38 | Part 39 | Part 40 | Part 41 | Part 42 | Part 43 | Part 44 | Part 45 | Part 46 | Part 47 | Part 48 | Part 49 | Part 50 | Part 51 | Part 52 | Part 53 | Part 54 | Part 55 | Part 56 | Part 57 | Part 58 | Part 59 | Part 60 | Part 61 | Part 62 | Part 63 | Part 64


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E LIBRARY


UNIV


VERSITY


OMNIBUS


COMMUNE VINCULUM


ARTIBUS


NNESOTA


Wilson Library


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BROWN COUNTY COURT HOUSE, NEW ULM.


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HISTORY


OF


BROWN COUNTY MINNESOTA:


ITS PEOPLE, INDUSTRIES AND INSTITUTIONS


L. A. FRITSCHE, M. D. Editor


With Biographical Sketches of Representative Citizens and Genealogical Records of Many of the Old Families


VOLUME I


ILLUSTRATED


1916 B. F. BOWEN & COMPANY, Inc. Indianapolis, Indiana


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The reproduction of this book was made possible by Murphy's Landing A Minnesota Valley Restoration of 1840 to 1890 and Mankato University's Center for Minnesota Studies


WALSWORTH Marceline, Mo., U.S.A


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1 1


OMAL F 612 .F7 CEX


GEN MNUG84822123.1 MURPHY'S LANDING A MINNESOTA VALLEY RESTORATION of 1840 - 1890


Murphy's Landing, a Minnesota Valley Restoration of 1840 - 1890, is a liv- ing museum that is an authentic reflection of the ethnic background of the broad Minnesota River Valley during its critical development period. The site stretches a mile along the Minnesota River and is located on Highway 101 about thirty miles southwest of downtown Minneapolis and about two miles northeast of Shakopee.


Museum focus is on the Minnesota River Valley formative period from about 1840 to the turn of the century. Since Minnesota was not generally open to pioneer settlement until the 1850s, the Indian story immediately preceding Euro-American influence is told quite effectively. A large typical Mdewakaton Dakotah (Sioux) village did exist in this very area in the 1840s, consisting of the same elm bark summer lodges and skin and canvas winter tipis that are being re- created today. Members of the Dakotah community, still evident in the Shakopee area in the 1970s, are currently involved in researching, constructing and inter- preting their history at Murphy's Landing.


Pioneer settlement in the Minnesota River Valley begins in 1844 at the Oliver Faribault cabin; it is the original Faribault fur-trading post believed to be the first house constructed in Scott County. Oliver was a member of the famous fur-trading family, headed by Jean Baptiste Faribault, whose home is now restor- ed in the early Minnesota town of Mendota. The Faribaults were part Indian so this trading post really reflects the blend of both cultures.


Next, the visitor is taken, chronologically, to an 1850 subsistance farm, an 1880 transition farm and finally to a typical river village of 1890. The little vil- lage contains architecture from 1850 to 1890. It includes shops homes, schools, a church and industry of the day.


Plans call for these industries and shops to be operational. Interpreters in the various exhibits demonstrate actual lifestyles of the period giving visitors the feeling of looking into the previous century.


The ethnic diversity of the valley is stressed with life patterns of the Czech, Dakotah, German, Irish, Scandinavian and Yankee all re-enacted in sundry exhib- its and portrayals throughout the site.


Murphy's Landing consists of seventy-six acres, fully one-half of which is a nature preserve. The basically unspoiled natural area gives the opportunity to re- create the past in an accurate setting. Site length lends itself well to chronologic- al interpretation in this outdoor museum collection as it permits visitors to leave one decade completely behind as they continue touring the site.


As far as we know, this is the only effort that combines the physical pro- perties of the period, the lifestyles showing ethnic diversities, the inclusion of the Indian culture as it interacted with other groups, the economic cross section of the period and the environmental factors that shaped the area. We are the only


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facility that encourages educational institutions of the state to use the site ac- cording to their own needs. They have responded from preschool through uni- versity and adult educational involvement.


Murphy's Landing is a grass roots venture dovetailed into professional leadership. The emphasis on the common ordinary man, his aspirations and prob- lems; famous men have had adequate attention.


The site is recognized for its quality of concept and physical execution by the Minnesota Historical Society; it is listed on the National Registry. It repre- sents a people's recognition of their unique tie with their immediate past and its influence on their lives today. This restoration effort is a private, nonprofit cor- poration financed by gifts from individuals, foundations and businesses, as well as its own efforts in admissions, special programs and gift shop. All contributions are tax deductible.


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DEDICATION


To those whose hands planted the first homes in Brown county ; whose love of religion and education established the first churches and schools; whose desire for good govern- ment led to the organization of civil townships and the selec- tion of worthy public officials; whose wish for material pros- perity has caused the building of mills and factories and the opening of virgin tracts of land to cultivation-to those who are gone, as well as to the many pioneers still living, is this record of their achievements dedicated.


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PREFACE


All life and achievement is evolution; present wisdom comes from past experience, and present commercial pros- perity has come only from past exertion and sacrifice. The deeds and motives of the men who have gone before have been instrumental in shaping the destinies of later com- munities and states. The development of a new country was at once a task and a privilege. It required great cour- age, sacrifice and privation. Compare the present condi- tions of the people of Brown county, Minnesota, with what they were five decades ago. From a trackless wilderness and virgin land, it has come to be a center of prosperity and civilization, with millions of wealth, systems of railways, educational and religious institutions, varied industries and immense agricultural and dairy interests. Can any think- ing person be insensible to the fascination of the study which discloses the aspirations and efforts of the early pio- neers who so strongly laid the foundation upon which has been reared the magnificent prosperity of later days? To perpetuate the story of these people and to trace and record the social, religious, educational, political and industrial progress of the community from its first inception, is the function of the local historian. A sincere purpose to pre- serve facts and personal memoirs that are deserving of per- petuation, and which unite the present to the past, is the motive for the present publication. The publishers desire to extend their thanks to those who have so faithfully la-


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bored to this end. Thanks are also due to the citizens of Brown county for the uniform kindness with which they have regarded this undertaking, and for their many serv- ices rendered in the gaining of necessary information.


In placing the "History of Brown County, Minnesota," before the citizens, the publishers can conscientiously claim that they have carried out the plan as outlined in the pros- pectus. Every biographical sketch in the work has been submitted to the party interested, for correction, and there- fore any error of fact, if there be any, is solely due to the person for whom the sketch was prepared. Confident that our effort to please will fully meet the approbation of the public, we are,


Respectfully, THE PUBLISHERS.


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CONTENTS


-


VOLUME I


CHAPTER I-RELATED STATE HISTORY 33 A Portion of Minnesota Originally Included in Louisiana Purchase -Indian Cessions and Treaties-Territorial Government Estab- lished-Boundaries-Governor Alexander Ramsey-First Territorial Legislature-The Historic Council with the Indians at Traverse des Sioux-The Treaty-Indian Hunters Cause Trouble-Townsite Speculation-Constitutional Convention-First State Legislature- Admission of Minnesota as a State-Aid to Railroads-Financial Stringency-Unrest Among the Indians-Massacre of 1862-Punish- ment of the Indians-Subsequent Treaties-A Period of Rapid De- velopment-Trouble Because of the State Issue of Railroad Bonds- Settlement of the Question and Activity in Railroad Building- Diversified Farming Interests-Population Statistics-Military Record - Name - Geography-Area-Rivers-Lakes-Elevations - Climate-Chronological Record of the State.


CHAPTER II-GEOLOGY, TIMBER, FLOWERS, ANIMALS. 74 Location of Brown County and New Ulm-Area of County-Nat- ural Drainage-Streams-Lakes-Topography-Evidences of Glacial Action-Altitudes-Soil-Timber-Geological Structure-Sandstone -Clay and Sandy Deposits-Glacial Drift-Alluvium-Material Resources-Fruits and Flowers-Trees-Fishes-Birds-Mammals. CHAPTER III-INDIAN HISTORY AND TREATIES 107 Spanish Cession Subject to Indian Rights Treaty of Traverse des Sioux-Indian Character-Captivity of Benedict Juni.


CHAPTER IV-PIONEER SETTLEMENT. 123 Difficulty in Deciding Who Were the First Actual Settlers-Edward McCole, Brown County's First Settler-Colonization Societies- Joseph La Framboise, Trader-The First Party of Immigrants- Trading with the Indians-Settlers Burned Out-Arrivals in 1855- The Cincinnati Society-Immigrants of 1857-Early Hardships.


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CONTENTS.


CHAPTER V-THE INDIAN MASSACRE OF 1862 141 Causes Leading to the Outbreak-Complaints Against the Agents- Schemes of the Traders-The Indians Protest-Organization of Young Warriors-First Act of Violence-Anger of Indians In- creases-Pillaging, Followed by Murder-Tardy Action by the Gov- ernment-The Draft-Beginning of the Massacre-Other Bloody Deeds-Volunteer Companies Organized for Defense-Indians Lay Siege to New Ulm-Arrival of Reinforcements-A Fatal Ambush- Continuation of the Siege-Narrow Escape of Women and Children Departure of the Indians and Evacuation of the Town by the Whites-Order Restored-Subsequent Progress of the Town-The Milford Massacre-Locating of the Pioneers-Cause of the Indian Outbreak-Relations of the Traders and Fur Dealers with the Indians-Gold the Only Money Acceptable to the Indians-Attempt of Paymaster to Profit by Paying in Currency-Vengeance on the Traders-Settlers Taken by Surprise-A Day of Terror-Theresa Henle's Account of the Massacre-Experiences of Mrs. Maria Hart- man-Bobleter-Thrilling Incidents of the Battle of New Ulm-Dr. Asa Daniels' Reminiscences of the Little Crow Uprising-Punish- ment of the Sioux-The Final Execution-Indian Massacre Monu- ment-The Milford Tablet-The Massacre, as Viewed by Bishop Whipple-Reminiscences of the Indian War by Frederick Fritsche -Establishment of Ft. Ridgely-Siege of the Fort-Mrs. Eliza Mueller-Sergeant John Jones-O. G. Wall's Recollections of the Sioux Massacre-Indian Ambush-Death of Captain Marsh-Ex- perience of William A. Sutherland-Pensioners of the Sioux Upris- ing.


CHAPTER VI-ORGANIZATION OF BROWN COUNTY 279 Name - Creation of the County - Area - Boundaries, Through Various Changes-Relief from Bird Pests-Ferry Licenses-Caring for the Poor-Commissioners Districts Established-County Build- ings-County Finances-Abstract of Tax List.


CHAPTER VII-COUNTY, STATE AND NATIONAL REPRE- SENTATION 291 State Officers from Brown County-Congressmen-State Senators- State Representatives-Presidential Vote-Vote on Fifteenth Amendment-County Auditors, Treasurers, Registers of Deeds, Coroners, Clerks of the Court and Sheriffs-Probate Judges-Dis- trict Judges-County Attorneys-County Superintendent of Schools -County Surveyors-Commissioners.


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i


CONTENTS.


CHAPTER VIII-TOWNSHIP ORGANIZATION AND HISTORY __ 299 Township Organization Act-Forming of the First Civil Town- ships-First Elections-Albin Township-Bashaw Township-Vil- lage of Comfrey-Burnstown Township-Village of Springfield- Cottonwood Township-Village of Searles-Eden Township-Home Township-City of Sleepy Eye-Lake Hanska Township-Village of Hanska - Leavenworth Township - Linden Township-Milford Township-Village of Essig-Mulligan Township-North Star Township-Prairieville Township-Village of Evan-Village of Cobden-Sigel Township-Stark Township-Ibera Postoffice- Stately Postoffice-Bedford Village.


CHAPTER IX-MILITARY AFFAIRS 345 A Chapter of Unusual Interest-Roster of Men from Brown County in the Civil War-Spanish-American War-National Guard- Armory.


CHAPTER X-AGRICULTURE, HORTICULTURE AND STOCK RAISING 359 Sound Foresight of the Brown County Colonists-Native Fruits -Corn Culture-Other Small Grain-Farm Facts-Assessed Valua- tion of Farm Lands-Pioneer Conditions-Farm Names-County Fair-Brown County Agricultural Society.


CHAPTER XI-EDUCATIONAL INTERESTS. 367 Early Provisions for Good School System-Creation of First School Districts-Pioneer Schools-The Schools in Milford, Cottonwood, Home, Eden, Sigel, Leavenworth, Bashaw, Albin, Lake Hanska, Linden, Mulligan and Dunstown. Townships-The Sleepy Eye Schools-School Buildings of New Ulm-Public School Statistics for 1915- High and Graded Schools - Rural and Semi-Graded Schools-School Finances in 1915-Dr. Martin Luther College.


CHAPTER XII-RELIGIOUS SOCIETIES 380 Deep Religious Convictions of the first Settlers-Catholic Churches -Methodist Episcopal Churches-German Methodist Churches -- Episcopal Churches - United Brethren - Adventists - Lutheran Churches-Evangelical Lutheran Churches-Scandinavian Unitarian Church-Evangelical Churches-Presbyterian Churches-Danish Baptist Church-Congregational Churches.


CHAPTER XIII-SECRET, FRATERNAL AND SOCIAL ORGANI- ZATIONS 406 Ancient Free and Accepted Masons-Royal Arch Masons-Knights Templar-Order of the Eastern Star-Independent Order of Odd


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CONTENTS.


Fellows-Modern Woodmen of America-Royal Neighbors of America-Modern Brotherhood of America-Grand Army of the Republic-Ancient Order of United Workmen-Knights of Colum- bus.


CHAPTER XIV-BANKS AND BANKING. 418 First Attempt at Banking in the County-Little Pioneer Demand for Banking Accommodations-Present Large Banking Interests of the County-Brief Mention of the Various Financial Institutions of the County.


CHAPTER XV-THE MEDICAL PROFESSION 435 Early Physicians in Brown County-Physicians of a Later Day and Those Here in 1916.


CHAPTER XVI-BENCH AND BAR 441 Exalted Standing of the Law Among Vocations-Present-day De- mands on the Successful Lawyer-Early Lawyers in Brown County -Other Members of the Bar-The Brown County Bar in 1916- Officers of the Court-District Judges.


CHAPTER XVII-NEWSPAPERS OF BROWN COUNTY 451 Importance of the Press-Earliest Newspapers in Brown County- Brief History of the Various Newspapers Which Have Existed in the County.


CHAPTER XVIII-THE CITY OF NEW ULM. 466 Name-The German Element-Object in the Founding of the City -First Events-Business Interests in 1916-The Brewing Industry -Flouring Interests-Overall Factory-Stone Industry-Ice Busi- ness-Municipal History-Incorporation-City Officials-Finances- Public Utilities-Commercial Club-Postoffice History-Churches and Lodges-Hospitals-The Hermann Monument.


CHAPTER XIX-MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS. 481 Cities, Villages and Hamlets-Plats-Defunct Villages-Discon- tinued Postoffices and Those Now in Existence-Population of the County, and by Townships and Corporations-Railroads-Memorial Services for President Mckinley-Market Prices in 1915-Great Cyclone of 1881-Rev. Alexander Berghold-First and Important Events-First White Man Buried in the County-Interesting Anni- versaries.


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HISTORICAL INDEX


VOLUME I


A


Banks


418


Adventist Church


391


Agents, Indian


142


Agricultural Society


365


Agriculture


359


Description


302


Albin Postoffice


489


Albin Township-


Altitude


81


Churches


395


Early Events


302


Lakes


75, 301


Officials, First


301


Organization


301


Pioneers


301


Population


301, 490


School, First


371


Taxes


289


Alluvium Deposits


102


Altitudes in the County 80


Altitudes Through the State.


58


Birds


105


Ancient Free and Accepted


Blair Postoffice


486


Masons


406, 410


Ancient Order of United Workmen __ 416


Animals, Native


103


Anniversaries, Interesting


502


Area of the County


74


Area of the State


55


Armory


354


Attorneys-at-Law


441


Auditors, County


294


B


Backsville Postoffice


486


First Events


306


Bad Track Postoffice


485


Geology


87


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302


Pioneers


303


Population


302


490


Schools, First


303, 371


302


Taxes


289


Bedford


482


Bedford Village


344,


482


Bench and Bar


441


Berghold, Rev. Alexander


497


Big Cottonwood River


74


Bird Pests


282


Blessum


482


Bobleter, Mrs. Maria H., Story of __


201


Boundaries of County


279


Brown County Agricultural Society.


365


Burgess, Nehemiah S.


208


Burns Village


307


Burnstown Township-


Altitude


81


Boundaries


305


Churches


390,


395


Description


305


Bashaw Township-


Altitude


81


Boundaries


302


Churches


395


Lakes


75,


302


Name


302


Official, First


Settlement


HISTORICAL INDEX.


Burnstown Township-


Indian Outrages


306


Lakes


75, 305


Officials, First


305


Corn Culture


360


Pioneers


306


Population


305,


490


Railway


305


School, First


372


Settlement


306


Taxes


289


c


Catholic Churches


381


Census Returns


490


Character of Indians


108


Chicago Land Verein


124


Chief Sleepy Eye


316, 320


Chronology of the State.


60


Churches


380


Cincinnati Society


134


Civil War


345


Clerks of the Court


295


Climate of Minnesota


57


Coal Deposits


85


Cobden-


Council at Traverse des Sioux ...


_37, 107


Bank


433


County Attorneys


296


Business Interests


338


Churches


392, 402


Description


483


Fire Protection


338


Incorporation


338,


482


Location


338


Officials


338


Platted


338, 482


Population


.338,


Postoffice


339, 489


Presidents of Village


338


County Treasurers


294


Taxes


289


Court House


286


Colonization Society


124


Commissioner Districts


285


Commissioners, County


297


Congregational Churches


402


Congressmen


291


Constitutional Convention


41


Contean Perce Postoffice


485


Coroners


295


Cottonwood River


74


Cottonwood Township-


Altitude


81


Boundaries


310


Churches


387, 394, 401


First Birth


311


First School


369


Geology


90


Indian Outrages


311


Location


310


Mills


310


Officials, First


311


Organization


300


Pioneers


310


Population


310, 490


Schools in 1860


367


Settlement


310


Supervisors, First


300


Taxes


289


County Fairs


365


County Finances


87


County Representation


291


County Superintendent of Schools.


296


Court Officers


448


Courts, The


441


Creameries


362


Cyclone of 1881


333, 494


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County Auditors


294


County Boundaries


279


County Buildings


285


County Commissioners


297


490


County Supervisors, First


300


County Surveyors


297


HISTORICAL INDEX.


Comfrey-


Banks


428, 432


Business Interests,


304


Churches


386, 392, 394, 404, 414


Description


483


Fire Department


304


Incorporation


482


Lighting Service


304


Location


482


Lodges


416


Mercantile Interests


304


Newspapers


463


Officials, First


303


Physicians


440


Population


303, 490


Postoffice


303, 305, 488


Schools


375


Taxes


289


Waterworks


303


D


Daniels, Dr. Asa W., Reminiscences


of


210


Danish Baptist Church


402


Disbursements, County


289


District Judges


296, 448


Dr. Martin Luther College


377


Doctors


435, 501


Dotson


482


Dotson Postoffice


489


Drift Strata


98


E


Early Hardships


138


Eastern Star, Order of


409, 412


Eden Township-


Altitude


81


Boundaries


312


Churches


388, 390, 395, 401, 404


First Events


312


Lakes


75


Eden Township-


Location


311


Mill


313


Officials, First


312


Organization


312


Pioneers


312, 313


Population


312, 490


School, First


312, 370


Settlement


312


82


Soil


Taxes


289


Essig-


Bank


431


Business Interests


332


Churches


399


400


Description


483


Indian Monument


332


Location


331


Monuments


332


Population


332


Postoffice


488


School


332


Educational Interests


367


Elections, First Township


300


Elevations in the County.


80


Elevations Through the State


58


Enlistments in Brown County


345


Episcopal Churches


390


Essig Postoffice


488


Evans-


Bank


432


Business Interests, Early


336


Business Interests, Present.


337


Churches


393, 402


Description


483


Incorporation


336, 482


Location


336


Officials


337


Platted


336, 482


Population


336, 490


Postoffice


337, 489


Public Utilities


337


Taxes


289


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HISTORICAL INDEX.


Evangelical Churches


399


Evangelical Lutheran Churches 395


Execution of Indian Murderers_


_48, 228


F


Fairs


365


Farm Facts


361


Farm Names


363


Farming Interests of the State


53


Ferry Licenses


283


Fifteenth Amendment, Vote on.


294


Finances of County


287


First County Supervisors 300


First Events


498


Fishes


105


Ft. Ridgely


252


Ft. Snelling


33


Fraternal Orders


406


Fritsche, Frederick, Reminiscences_


242


Fruits, Native


103


G


Geography of the State.


55


Geology of Brown County


74, 83


German Land Association


124, 467


German Methodist Churches


388


Glacial Drift


78, 95


Golden Gate Postoffice.


314, 483, 486


Graded Schools


375


Grand Army of the Republic


416


Grasshoppers


499


H


Hanging of Indian Murderers.


48, 228


Hanska-


Banks


430


Business Interests


324


Churches


397


Description


483


Fire of 1904


324


Fire Protection


324


Hanska-


Incorporation


482


Light Service


323


Location


323


Lodges


415


Newspapers


464


Officials, First


323


Officials, Present 324


Physicians


440


Platted


482


Population


323, 490


Postoffice


325, 489


Presidents of the Village.


324


Schools


375


Taxes


289


Hardships of Pioneers


138


Henle, Theresa, Reminiscences of.


198


Hermann Monument


480


High Schools


375


Home Postoffice


314, 483, 486


Home Township-


Altitude


81


Boundaries


313


Churches


390, 391, 395


Description


313


Early Events


314


Indian Troubles


314


Lakes


75, 313


Mills


315


Organization


315


Pioneers


314


Population


313, 490


Railway


313


School, First


314, 369


Settlement


313


Soil


82


Supervisor, First


315


Taxes


289


Horticulture


359


I


Ibera Postoffice.


343, 487


Immigrants of 1857


137


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HISTORICAL INDEX.


Immigrants, the First


129


Independent Order of Odd Fellows. 413


Indian Agents


142


Indian Cessions


33


Indian Character


108


Indian History


107


Indian Hunters, Troublesome.


40


Indian Massacre Monument.


236


Indian Treaties


34, 37, 49, 107


Indian Tribes


33


Indian Unrest


44, 143


Indians, Punishment of.


48, 224


J


Jail


286


Jones, Sergt. John


262


Judges of Probate.


296


Judges of the District Court.




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