History of Douglas and Grant counties, Minnesota : their people, industries, and institutions, Volume II, Part 1

Author: Larson, Constant, 1870- 4n
Publication date: 1916
Publisher: Indianapolis, Ind. : B.F. Bowen
Number of Pages: 794


USA > Minnesota > Grant County > History of Douglas and Grant counties, Minnesota : their people, industries, and institutions, Volume II > Part 1
USA > Minnesota > Douglas County > History of Douglas and Grant counties, Minnesota : their people, industries, and institutions, Volume II > Part 1


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Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Part 17 | Part 18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22 | Part 23 | Part 24 | Part 25 | Part 26 | Part 27 | Part 28 | Part 29 | Part 30 | Part 31 | Part 32 | Part 33 | Part 34 | Part 35 | Part 36 | Part 37 | Part 38 | Part 39 | Part 40 | Part 41 | Part 42 | Part 43 | Part 44 | Part 45 | Part 46 | Part 47 | Part 48 | Part 49 | Part 50 | Part 51 | Part 52 | Part 53 | Part 54 | Part 55 | Part 56 | Part 57 | Part 58 | Part 59 | Part 60 | Part 61 | Part 62 | Part 63 | Part 64 | Part 65 | Part 66 | Part 67



Gc 977.601 D74& v.2 1192546


M.D


GENEALOGY COLLECTION


ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY 3 1833 01077 1175


HISTORY


QE Douglas and Grant Counties


Minnesota


THEIR PEOPLE, INDUSTRIES AND INSTITUTIONS


CONSTANT LARSON Editor-in-Chief


With Biographical Sketches of Representative Citizens and Genealogical Records of Many of the Old Families


VOLUME II


ILLUSTRATED


977.601 D741


1916 B. F. BOWEN & COMPANY, Inc. Indianapolis, Indiana


CONTENTS


VOLUME I


DOUGLAS COUNTY 1192546


33


CHAPTER I-RELATED STATE HISTORY


A portion of Minnesota Originally Included in Louisiana Purchase-Indian Cessions and Treaties-Territorial Government Established-Boundaries- Governor Alexander Ramsey-First Territorial Legislature-The Historic Council with the Indians at Traverse des Sioux-The Treaty-Indian Hunters Cause Trouble-Townsite Speculation-Constitutional Convention- First State Legislature-Admission of Minnesota as a State-Aid to Rail- roads-Financial Stringency-Unrest Among the Indians-Massacre of 1862-Punishment of the Indians-Subsequent Treaties-A Period of Rapid Development-Trouble Because of the State Issue of Railroad Bonds-Settle- ment of the Question and Activity in Railroad Building-Diversified Farm- ing Interests-Population Statistics-Military Record-Name-Geography- Area-Rivers-Lakes-Elevations-Climate-Chronological History of the State.


CHAPTER II-GEOLOGY OF DOUGLAS COUNTY. Location of the County-Area-Surface Features-Natural Drainage- Lakes-Topography-Moraines-Drift and Glacial Deposits-Altitudes- Soil-Timber-Geological Structure-Mean Elevation Due to Underlying Formations-Building Stone-Lime-Aboriginal Earthworks.


59


CHAPTER III-THE KENSINGTON RUNE STONE; AN ANCIENT TRAGEDY


72


White Men in Minnesota Prior to the Discovery by Columbus-The Record -Conflicting Views as to the Authenticity of the Rune Stone Found in Douglas County-The Discovery-Topography of Surroundings-Examina- tion of Stone by Experts-Details of the Inscription-References to the Topography of the Region-Where was Vinland ?- Characteristics of the Stone-Discussion of Its Authenticity-Rune Books-Review of the Find- ing of the Stone and Notes on the Record Given by the Inscription-Lin- guistic Objections-Collateral Evidence-Resolutions Adopted by the Museum Committee of the Minnesota State Historical Society-Investiga- tions of Prof. Georgc T. Flom-Bibliography.


CHAPTER IV-EARLY SETTLEMENT


123


Great Natural Beauty of the Park Region of Minnesota-Lack of Absolute Proof of Some Early Historical Statements-The Old Red River Trail-The


08


CONTENTS.


Kinkaid Brothers and Their Settlement at Alexandria-Gradual Growth of the New Settlement-Other Early Settlements-The First County Govern- ment-Development of the County-Effect of News of the Indian Uprising on the Early Settlement-Echoes of Pioneer Days-Henry Gager's Stage Station-Mosquitoes in Pioneer Times-Brandon Township's First Home- stead-First School Houses-Pioneer Reminiscences-Primitive Ways of Agriculture-Early Days of the Railroad-Conditions in the Pioneer Schools -Quick and Effective Remedy for Frostbites.


CHAPTER V-THE SIOUX OUTBREAK AND THE OLD STOCKADE 140 Causes for the Sioux Outbreak of 1862-Story of the Trouble-Every Frontier Dwelling a Charnel House-Siege of Ft. Ridgely-Suppression of The Sioux-Battles of Birch Coulie and Wood Lake-Pitiful Scenes at Camp Release-Punishment of the Guilty-Effect in Douglas County of the Uprising-Tragic Death of Andrew Austin-The Old Stockade at Alex- andria.


CHAPTER VI-ORGANIZATION OF DOUGLAS COUNTY. 152 First Civil and Judicial Relations-Legislative Act Creating the County- Boundaries-First Meeting of the County Board-County Buildings-Court House History-Jails-Population of Douglas County-Naturalization Rec- ords-County Financial Statement.


CHAPTER VII-OFFICIALS OF DOUGLAS COUNTY 162 First Officers-Roster of County Commissioners-Auditors-Treasurers- Registers of Deeds-Sheriffs-County Attorneys-Judges of Probate-Sur- veyors-Coroners-Clerks of the Court-Court Commissioners-Superin- tendents of Schools-Douglas County in the Legislature-Legislative Apportionments, with Roster of Senators and Representatives.


CHAPTER VIH-TOWNSHIP ORGANIZATION AND EARLY SETTLERS 172 Civil and Congressional Townships-Osakis Township-Creation-Settle- ment-Officials-Alexandria Township-Creation-First Officials-Settle- ment-Present Officials-Holmes City Township-Created-First Election -Settlement and Land Entries-Pioneer Life, a Reminiscence-Early Events -Present Officials-Brandon Township-Created-Settlement-Officials- -Moe Township-Creation of-Settlers-Officials-Lake Mary Township- Establishment-Name-Settlement-Officials-Leaf Valley Township-Crea- tion-Settlement-Officials-Millerville Township-Created-Settlement- Officials-Evansville Township-Established-First Homesteads-Officials- Orange Township-Established-Land Entries-Officials-Ida Township- Established-Early Homesteaders-Officials-Carlos Township-Created- Settlement-Officials-Urness Township-First Settlers-Officials-Hudson Township-Established-Early Settlers-Present Officers-Belle River Township-Establishment and Name-Land Entries-First Settlers-Early Conditions-Indian History and Tradition-Present Officers of the Town- ship-Solem Township-Creation and Name-Settlers-Present Officers- Miltona Township-Creation-Settlement-Officials-LaGrand Township- Establishment-Settlement-Present Officers-Spruce Hill Township- Establishment and First Election-Present Officers.


194


CONTENTS.


CHAPTER IX-DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURE


Early Conditions Favorable to the Development of Farms-Timber and Water Supply-Location of Douglas County-Surface Features-Land and Water Area-Timber-Soil-Climate-Farms and Principal Crops-Corn Prizes-Potato Culture-Fruits-Live Stock-Dairying-Rural Mail Deliv- ery-Telephones-Good Roads-Douglas County Agricultural Association- -Douglas County as a Summer Resort-Registered Farm Names.


CHAPTER X-TRAVEL AND TRANSPORTATION 211 Wonderful Transformation in Transportation System-Blazing of the First Roads-Military Trails-Government Road Surveys-The First Railroads and Later Lines Which Have Entered the County-County Roads.


CHAPTER XI-EDUCATIONAL INTERESTS .216


The Little Log School Houses of Pioneer Days-High Value Placed on Education by Early Settlers-Minnesota's Splendid Educational System- The County's School System Epitomized-Alexandria City Schools and Some of the Early Teachers-Clerks of the School Districts-Teachers of Douglas County.


CHAPTER XII-CHURCHES OF DOUGLAS COUNTY 224


First Religious Services in the Homes of the Early Settlers-The Itinerant Preacher-First Church Organizations-A List of the Seventy-three Churches Incorporated in Douglas County-Methodist Episcopal Churches- Congregational Churches-Norwegian Lutheran Churches-Swedish Luthe- ran Churches-Swedish Evangelical Lutheran Churches-Swedish Baptist Church-German Evangelical Lutheran Church-Catholic Churches-Episco- pal Church-Church of Christ, Scientist-Seventh-day Adventist Church- Presbyterian Church.


CHAPTER XIII-NEWSPAPERS 265 An Account of the Various Papers, Past and Present, Which Have Been Influential in the Advancement of Douglas County.


CHAPTER XIV-THE BENCH AND BAR 272


First Attorneys in Douglas County-Later Attorneys-Douglas County Judiciary.


CHAPTER XV-THE MEDICAL PROFESSION 275 Self-reliance of Early Settlers in Times of Sickness-The First Physicians in Douglas County-Alexandria Physicians-Osakis Physicians and Those Elsewhere in the County-Doctors of Dental Surgery.


CHAPTER XVI-BANKS AND BANKING. 280


High Interest Rate in Early Days-A Record of the Banks at Alexandria, Osakis, Evansville, Brandon, Carlos, Garfield, Nelson, Kensington, Forada, Melba and Millerville.


CHAPTER XVII-MILITARY ANNALS 286 Soldiers Monument-Douglas County's Loyalty in the Civil War-Grand Army of the Republic-The Spanish-American War.


CHAPTER XVIII-FRATERNAL AND BENEVOLENT SOCIETIES 291 The Spirit of Fraternity Among the Pioneers-The First Lodges in the


CONTENTS.


County-Independent Order of Odd Fellows-Ancient Order of United Workmen-Knights of Pythias-Modern Woodmen of America-Scandi- navian Mutual Aid Association Siloah-Independent Order of Good Temp- lars-Woman's Christian Temperance Union-Ancient Free and Accepted Masons-Brotherhood of American Yeomen-Modern Brotherhood of Amer- ica-Douglas County Humane Society.


CHAPTER XIX-ALEXANDRIA, THE COUNTY SEAT 300 Beautiful for Location-Modern Improvements-In the Days of the Begin- ning-Subsequent Development-The City Government-Elections and Offi- cials of the City-The Postoffice-Commercial and Industrial Concerns- The Commercial Club-Free Public Library.


CHAPTER XX-INCORPORATED TOWNS AND VILLAGES 314 Epitomized llistory of Osakis, Touching Its Location, Early Record, First Events, Business Interests, Public Utilities, Manufacturing Industries, Church and Fraternal Societies, Commercial Club, Postoffice, Educational Advan- tages and Homes-Evansville, Brandon, Holmes City, Nelson, Garfield, Melby, Forada, Miltona, Millersville, Carlos and Kensington.


CHAPTER' XX1-SIDELIGHTS ON COUNTY HISTORY 331 Home-coming Week at Alexandria-Memories of Other Days, a Cluster of Reminiscences-William Everett Hicks, the Man Who Started Alexandria Going-Senator Knute Nelson, Alexandria's "Grand Old Man"-Alexandria's First Village President-First Commercial Association Incorporated-The Celebrated Paulson Case-Reminiscences by a First Settler-An Early Trav- eler's Impressions-An Impressionist's View of Alexandria-Something About Mules and Mule Drivers-Glimpses of Claim-stakes and Claim- shanties-The Approach to Alexandria-Hospitality of the Wilderness-The Sims Brothers-Old People's Home-Early Days Near Nelson.


GRANT COUNTY


CHAPTER I-GEOLOGY AND TOPOGRAPHY 361 Location-Area-Surface Features-Drainage-Lakes - Elevations - Soil - Timber-Geological Structure-Lake Agassiz-Building Stone-Lime-Bricks -Aboriginal Earthworks.


CHAPTER II-THE INDIAN OUTBREAK AND THE STOCKADE .370 Settlement Deferred Because of the Indian Unrest in the Early Sixties- Causes of the Outbreak-First Bloodshed-Ambuscade at Redwood Ferry- Attack on New Ulm-Battle of Birch Coulie and at Wood Lake-Events in Grant County During the Outbreak-The Old Stockade-Expeditions Through Grant County.


CHAPTER III-EARLY SETTLEMENT 376 Edward Griffin, the First White Resident of Grant County-Some of the First Settlers-Pioneer Conditions-Settlement, by Townships, and Interest- ing Incidents in Connection Therewith.


CONTENTS.


CHAPTER IV-ORGANIZATION OF GRANT COUNTY 387


Legislative Act Establishing the County-Locating the County Seat-Name of the County-First Commissioners and Some of Their Early Acts-Com- missioner Districts Established-The Second Board-First County Court House-County-scat Contest-The Present Court House-Population Statis- tics-Naturalization Statistics-County Finances.


CHAPTER V-OFFICIALS OF GRANT COUNTY 399 County Commissioners-Anditors-Treasurers-Registers of Deeds-Sher- iffs-County Attorneys-Judges of Probate-Surveyors-Coroners-Clerks of the Court-Court Commissioners-Superintendents of Schools-Grant County in the Legislature-Senators and Representatives-Apportionments.


CHAPTER VI-TOWNSHIP ORGANIZATION 409 An Account of the Organization, First Elections, First and Present Officers, and Other Interesting Facts in the Townships of Lien, Logan, Elk Lake, Pelican Lake, Elbow Lake, Pomme de Terre, Erdahl, Stony Brook, Land, Roseville, Macsville, Gorton, Delaware, Lawrence, Sanford and North Ottawa.


CHAPTER VII-DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURE 419


Pioneers Favored by Wonderful Natural Resources-Getting Started on the Pioneer Farm-Some Early Difficulties-Evolution of Farm Machinery- Tree Planting-Diversified Farming-Statistics of Production-Modern Farm Conditions-County Agricultural Agent-Farmers' Clubs-Recorded Farm Names-Grant County Agricultural Association.


CHAPTER VIII-TRAVEL AND TRANSPORTATION 427 Trails, the First Routes of Travel-The First Roads-Old Stage Rontes- Trend of Early Settlement-Laying Out the Early Wagon Roads-State Highway Commission-Railroads in Grant County.


CHAPTER IX-SCHOOLS OF GRANT COUNTY 432 High Ideals of the Pioneers-First School Houses-School Districts Estab- lished-Sketch of the Early Schools by a Pioneer-Some of the Early School Houses-Pioncer School Conditions-Teachers of 1896-Development of School System-Aims of the Modern School-Teachers for 1916-School District Officers-Financial Statement.


CHAPTER X-CHURCHES OF GRANT COUNTY 442 Synod Lutheran Churches-Rev. Gullik M. Erdahl-Swedish Evangelical Lutheran Churches-Norwegian United Lutheran Church-Presbyterian Church-Rev. James Godward-Methodist Churches-Catholic Churches- Seventh-Day Adventist Church-Other Church Incorporations.


CHAPTER XI-NEWSPAPERS OF GRANT COUNTY 455 Story of Journalistic Efforts Which Have Appeared in Grant County and of the Papers Now in Existence Here.


CHAPTER XII-THE BENCH AND BAR 458 Early Judicial Jurisdiction of Grant County-Judges-Attorneys-Story of the First Court Session.


CONTENTS.


CHAPTER XIII-THE MEDICAL PROFESSION 461 Sharp Contrast Between Early Conditions and Those of Today-First Physi- cians in the County-Physicians Who Have Practiced at Herman, Elbow Lake, Ashby, Wendell, Barrett and Hoffman-Grant County Dentists- Veterinary Surgeons.


CHAPTER XIV-BANKS OF GRANT COUNTY 466 High Interest Rates in Early Days-A Brief History of Each of the Finan- cial Institutions in Herman, Elbow Lake, Hoffman, Ashby, Wendell, Nor- cross, Barrett and Erdahl.


CHAPTER XV-MILITARY ANNALS 472


Grand Army of the Republic-Many Veterans Among the Early Settlers.


CHAPTER XVI-FRATERNAL AND BENEVOLENT SOCIETIES 474


Ancient Free and Accepted Masons-Order of the Eastern Star-Knights of Pythias-Independent Order of Odd Fellows-Modern Woodmen of America-Brotherhood of American Yeomen-Degree of Honor.


CHAPTER XVII-ELBOW LAKE, THE COUNTY SEAT 48I Platted-Location-Selection as County Seat-First Election-Municipal Officers-Slow Early Growth-Postoffice-Schools-Business Directory-


Creamery Interests-Telephones-Concert Band.


CHAPTER XVIII-VILLAGES OF GRANT COUNTY 488 llerman-Settlement-Platting-First Officers-Present Officers-Schools- Community Social Club-Band-Business Interests-Hoffman-Beginning of-First Business Men-First and Present Officers-Education-Religious Organizations-Ladics' Band-Present Business Interests-Wendell-Begin- ning of and Early Events-Postoffice-Incorporation-First and Present Officers-Schools-Public Improvements - Business Directory - Ashby - Early Records Destroyed-Officers-Schools-Postoffice-First Merchants -Present Business Interests-Barrett-Original Plat-Incorporation-First and Present Officers-Manufacturing Industries-Postoffice-Business Inter- ests-Norcross-Hereford-Erdahl-Pomme de Terre-Canestorp.


CHAPTER XIX-SIDELIGHTS ON COUNTY HISTORY 500 County-seat Contest-"A Crow Feast"-"An Eventful Day"-"News from Grant County"-Ancient Stone Carving-Indian Scare of 1876-Grant County Old Settlers' Association-A Pioneer of Pioneers-Thomas C. Hodgson.


HISTORICAL INDEX


VOLUME I DOUGLAS COUNTY


A


Aboriginal Earthworks


71


Acreage of Farms


197


Agricultural Association


201


Agriculture, Development of.


194


Agriculture, Primitive


137


Alexandria-


Attractiveness of


300


Banks


280


Beginning of


301


Business Interests


309


Churches __ 224, 227, 229, 230, 231,


233, 235, 246, 247, 251, 253, 254, 262


City Buildings


308


City Government


302


Elections


304


First Merchants


301


Growth of


126, 302


High School


217


Home-coming Week


331


Impressionist's View of


349


Improvements


300


Incorporation as Village


303


Indian Scare


148


Kinkaid, Alexander


125


Lawyers


272


Library


312


Lodges


287, 291, 292. 294, 296


Lot Sales


126


Mail Routes, Early


126


Mayors


307


Merchants


309


Newspapers


265


Officials, Roster of


304


Old People's Home


357


Physicians


275


Population


158, 300


Alexandria-Con.


Postoffice History


126, 308


President, First Village


343


Reminiscences


333, 346


Roster of Officials


304


Schools


218


Settlement


124, 127, 132


Stockade


134, 150


Townsite Company


126


Village Council


303


Alexandria Township-


Altitude


66


Churches


227


Officers, First


153, 173


Officers, Present


174


Organization


153, 173


Population


158


Settlement


173


Topography


65


Altitudes in County


65


Altitudes in the State


49


Ancient Free and Accepted Masons


295


Ancient Order of United Workmen


292


Animals, Farm


201


Apportionments, Legislative


169


Area of County


59


Arca of the State


47


Attorneys


272


Auditors, County


153, 164


Austin, Andrew, Death of


149


B


Banks and Banking


280


Baptist Church.


227, 228, 229, 230


Belle River Township-


Altitude


65


Churches


234, 259


HISTORICAL INDEX.


Belle River Township-Con.


Indians 189


Mills, Early 189


Officers


190


Organization


188


Population


158


Settlement 188


Bench and Bar 272


Benevolent Societies 287


291


Bethesda Society 232


Boundaries of County


152


Brandon-


Banks 283


Business Interests 324


Churches


230, 234, 325


Incorporation


324


Indian Scare


149


Lawyers


273


1.odges


292


Newspapers 269, 271


()fficials 324


Physicians


278


Population


159


Schools


3.24


Settlement


130, 323


Stage Station, Early


323


Brandon Township-


Birth, First 133


Gager, Henry 133


Homestead, First 135


Officers 179


Organization 178


Population 158


Settlement


133, 179


Building Stone 71


C


Carlos-


Banks 283


Business Interests 329


Churches


234, 252, 259


Płat


329


Population 159, 329


Carlos Township-


Altitude 66


Churches 232, 233


Officers


185


Organization


185


l'opulation 159


Carlos Township-Con. Settlement 185


Topography 65


Catholic Church


232, 233, 234, 254


Cereal Crops


198


Chippewa (see Brandon)


130, 134, 149


Chippewa Township 66


Chiropractor


279


Chronological History of Minnesota 50


Church of Christ, Scientist 263


Churches


224


Claim-stakes and Claim-shanties 351


Clerks of the Court 153, 167


Clerks of School Districts. 221


Climate of Minnesota


49


Commissioners, County 161


Commissioners, County, First 129


Commissioners, Court


167


Congregational Church __ 224, 227, 231, 238 Constitution of State 39


Corn as a Crop 199


Coroners


153, 167


County Attorneys


153, 166


County Auditors 153, 164


County Boundaries 152


County Buildings 153


County Commissioners, First 1.29


County Commissioners, Roster of. 161


County Finances 161


County Government, First 129


County Offices, First 154


County Officials, Roster of 161


County Organized 152


County Roads 214


County School Superintendents 168


County School System 217


County Surveyors 153, 166


County Treasurers


153, 164


Coureurs des Bois, the 211


Court, Clerks of the 153, 167


Court Commissioners 167


Court House History 154


Creamerics


200


Crops, Farm


198


D


Daughters of Rebekah


297


Dentists


278


Diversified Farming Interests


46


HISTORICAL INDEX.


Doctors


275


Douglas County Agricultural Ass'n. 201


Douglas County Humane Society ..


299


Drainage


195


E


Early Days near Nelson


357


Early Families


127


Early Settlement of County


123


Earthworks


71


Education


216


Election, First in County


129


Episcopal Church


262


Evangelical Association


229, 231


Evangelical Lutheran Church


227, 229, 230, 233. 234. 253


Evansville --


Banks 282


Business Interests 323


Churches


226, 229.


231, 233, 234. 246, 247, 248, 264, 322


Improvements


322


Incorporation


322


Indian Scare


149


Lawyers


273


Location


321


Lodges


295, 322


Newspapers


271


Officials


323


Paulson Case 345


Physicians


278


Population


159


Settlement


130


Stage Station, Early


322


Evansville Township-


Altitude 66


Churches 248, 250


Officers


184


Organization


183


Population


159


Settlement


184


F


Fair Association 201


Families, Early 127


Farm Acreage


197


Farm Animals


201


Farm Names, Registered


204


Farmers Clubs 201


Farming Interests, Diversified


46


Farms, Number of


197


Financial Statement, County


161


First County Government


129


Forada


159, 264, 284, 328


Fraternal Orders


287. 291


Freemasonry


295


Free Methodist Church


230, 231


Frostbites, Pioncer Cure for


139


G


Garfield-


Banks


283


Business


Interests


327


Churches


234, 327


Name


327


Officials


327


Population


159


Postoffice


327


Geography of the State.


47


Geology of Douglas County


59.


66


German Evangelical Luth. Church


252


Grains


198


Grand Army of the Republic. 287


Gregory, P. L.


129, 152


Growing Season


197


Growth of the State


41


H


Hicks, William E.


340


Holmes City --


Business Interests 325


Churches __ 230, 234. 248, 251, 252, 325


Indian Scare


149


Location


325


Lodges


293


Settlement


132


Holmes City Township-


Altitude


66


Churches


247, 248


Officers


178


Organization


153, 174


Pioneer Life


175


Population


159


Recollections of 178


Settlement


124, 174


Topography


65


Home-coming, A


331


HISTORICAL INDEX.


Belle River Township-Con.


Indians 189


Mills, Early 189


Officers


190


Organization


188


Population


158


Settlement 188


Bench and Bar 272


Benevolent Societies 287


291


Bethesda Society 232


Boundaries of County


152


Brandon-


Banks 283


Clerks of the Court


153, 167


Clerks of School Districts 221


Climate of Minnesota 49


Commissioners, County


161


Commissioners, County, First 129


Commissioners, Court


167


Congregational Church __ 224, 227, 231, 238 Constitution of State 39


Corn as a Crop. 199


153, 167


County Attorneys


153, 166


County Auditors 153, 164


County Boundaries 152


County Buildings 153


County Commissioners, First 1.29


County Commissioners, Roster of. 161


County Finances 161


County Government, First 129


County Offices, First 154


County Officials, Roster of 161


County Organized 152


County Roads 214


County School Superintendents 168


County School System 217


County Surveyors 153, 166


County Treasurers 153, 164


Coureurs des Bois, the 211


Court, Clerks of the 153, 167


Court Commissioners 167


Court House History 154


Creameries


200


Crops, Farm


198


('arlos Township-


Altitude 66


Churches 232, 233


Officers


185


Organization 185


Population


159


Carlos Township-Con.


Settlement 185


Topography 65


Catholic Church


232, 233, 234, 254


Cereal Crops


198


Chippewa (see Brandon )


130, 134, 149


Chippewa Township 66


Chiropractor 279


Chronological Ilistory of Minnesota 50


Church of Christ, Scientist 263


Churches


224


Claim-stakes and Claim-shanties 351


Business Interests 324


Churches


230, 234,


325


Incorporation


324


Indian Scare


149


Lawyers


273


1.odges


292


Newspapers 269


271


Officials 324


Physicians 278


l'opulation


159


Schools


324


Settlement 130,


323


Stage Station, Early


323


Brandon Township-


Birth, First 133


Gager, Henry 133


llomestead, First 135


Officers 179


Organization 178


Population


158


Settlement


133, 179


Building Stone 71


C


Carlos-


Banks 283


Business Interests 329


Churches


.234, 252, 259


Plat 329


Population 159, 329


D


Daughters of Rebekah


297


Dentists


278


Diversified Farming Interests


46


Coroners


HISTORICAL INDEX.


Doctors


275


Douglas County Agricultural Ass'n. 201


Douglas County Humane Society _.


299


Drainage


195


E


Early Days ncar Nelson


3,57


Early Families


1.27


Early Settlement of County


123


Earthworks


71


Education


216


Election, First in County


129


Episcopal Church


262


Evangelical Association


229, 231


Evangelical Lutheran Church


227, 229, 230, 233. 234, 253


Evansville --


Banks


282


Business Interests 323


Churches


226, 229,


231, 233, 234, 246, 247, 248, 264, 322


Improvements


322


Incorporation


322


Indian Scare


149


Lawyers


273


Location


321


Lodges


295, 322


Newspapers


271


Officials


323


Paulson Case


345


Physicians


278


Population


159


Settlement


130


Stage Station, Early


322


Evansville Township ----


Altitude 66


Churches 248, 250


Officers


184


Organization


183


Population


159


Settlement


184


F


Fair Association


201


Families, Early 127


Farm Acreage


197


Farm Animals


201


Farm Names, Registered


204


Farmers Clubs


201


Farming Interests, Diversified


46


Farms, Number of


197


Financial Statement, County


161


First County Government


129


Forada


159, 264, 284, 328


Fraternal Orders


287, 291


Freemasonry


295


Free Methodist Church


230, 231


Frostbites, Pioncer Cure for


139


G


Garfield-


Banks


283


Business


Interests


327


Churches


234


327


Name


327


Officials


327


Population


159


Postoffice


327


Geography of the State


47


Geology of Douglas County


59


66


German Evangelical Luth. Church.


252


Grains


198


Grand Army of the Republic


287


Gregory, P. L.


129, 152


Growing Season


197


Growth of the State


44


H


Hicks, William E.


340


Holmes City-


Business Interests 325


Churches __ 230, 234, 248, 251, 252, 325


Indian Scare


149


Location


325


Lodges


293


Settlement


132


Holmes City Township-


Altitude


66


Churches


247, 248


Officers


178


Organization


153, 174


Pioneer Life


175


Population


159


Recollections of


178


Settlement


124,


174


Topography


65


Home-coming, A


331


HISTORICAL INDEX.


Hospitality, Early 355


Hudson Township-


Altitude


66


Officers


187


Organization


187


Population


159


Settlement


130, 187


Topography


65


Humane Society


299


I


Ida Township-


Altitude


66


Churches


227, 228, 231, 248


Moraines


64


Officers


185


Organization


185


Population


159


Settlement


128,


185


Incorporated Churches


224


Incorporated Towns


314


Independent Order of Good Temp-


lars 293


Independent Order of Odd Fellows


291, 292, 296


Indian Hunters, Trouble with


37


Indian Outbreak


140


Indian Treaties


33


Indian Unrest


40


J


Jail History 156


Judges


273


Judges of Probate


130, 152, 153, 166


Judiciary of Douglas County.


273


K


Kensington-


Banks 284


Business Interests 329


Churches


233


Location


329


Plat


329


Population 159


Kensington Rune Stone 72


Kinkaid Brothers


124. 125


Knights of Pythias


292


L


LaGrand Township-




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