USA > Missouri > A history of Missouri from the earliest explorations and settlements until the admission of the state into the union, Volume I > Part 12
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In Saline county 8 mounds were counted, as follows: s. w. cor. sec. 16, t. 52, r. 19, one mound; n. w. sec 7, t. 49, r. 19, one mound; s. w., n. w., sec. 1, t. 51, r. 19, one mound; s. e. n. w., sec. 9, t. 52, r. 19, one mound; e. pt. sec. 13, t. 52, r. 22, three mounds; s. w. cor. sec. 5, t. 52, r. 21, one mound.
In Pettis county 9 mounds were counted, located as follows: w. pt. sec. 4, t. 44, r. 21, nine mounds.
83 Smithsonian Report, 1879, p. 354.
84 Dr. Snyder makes the same statement. Smithsonian Report, 1879, p. 354.
85 In Clark county 264 mounds were counted, located as follows: s. w., s. w., sec. 29, t. 65, r. 6, one mound; n. e. pt. sec. 31, t. 65, r. 6, twenty mounds; in township 65, range 7, as follows: s. pt. sec. 7, twenty-two mounds; n. pt. sec. 15, four mounds; n. e., s. w., sec. 24, six mounds; n. pt. sec. 5, t. 65, r. 8, thirty-six mounds; s. pt. sec. 32, t. 66, r. 9, sixteen mounds; s. w. sec. 31, t. 66, r. 8, twenty-five mounds; n. e., s. e., sec. 36, t. 66, r. 9, six mounds; also in township 66, range 9, as follows: s. pt. sec. 25, sixteen mounds; e. pt. sec. 28, seven mounds; n. w., s. w., sec. 31, four mounds; s. pt. sec. 5, t. 65, r. 9, eleven mounds; n. e., n. e., sec. 9, t. 65, r. 9, five mounds; n. e., n. e., sec. 16, t. 66, r. 9, three mounds; n. w., s. w., sec. 15, t. 65, r. 9, three, mounds; n. w., sec. 22, t. 65, r. 9, four mounds; n. pt. sec. 36, t. 65, r. 8, eight mounds; n. w., n. e., sec. 3, t. 64, r. 9, eight mounds; s. e., s. e., sec. 9, t. 63, r. o, thirty-two mounds; s. w., s. e., sec. 5, t. 63, r. 9, six mounds; n. w., s. w., sec. 33, t. 64, r. 7, four mounds; s. e., n. e., sec. 7, t. 64, r. 6, twelve mounds; n. w., s. e., sec. 2, t. 65, r. 8, two mounds; s. e., n. e., sec. 8, t. 66, r. 7, three mounds.
In Lewis county 44 mounds were counted. located as follows: s. e., s. t., sec. 5, t. 61, r. 7, one mound; n. w., s. e., sec. 25, t. 60, r. 7, three mounds; n. e., n. e., sec. 27, t. 62, r. 8, one mound; s. w., n. w., sec. 6, t. 61, r. 7, three mounds; n. w., s. e., sec. 25, t. 61, r. 8, four mounds; s. w., n. e., sec. 23, t. 61, r. 8, eight mounds; n. w., s. e., sec. 6, t. 60, r. 5, eleven mounds, south of La Grange; middle pt. sec. 14, t. 61, r. 6, six mounds; s. e., n. e., sec. 12, t. 61, r. 9, one mound; s. e., n. w., sec. 35, t. 62, r. 6, five mouuds; s. e., s. e., sec. 27, t. 63, r. 7, one mound.
87
CLARK
from 3 to 4 feet high, three to five mounds in a group, in the bottoms of the Wyaconda. Near Dunbar bridge there are several mounds, both on the east and west banks, on the hills. A group in the bot-
In Marion county 38 mounds were counted, located as follows: n. w., n. w., sec. 7, t. 58, r. 5, one mound; n. w., n. w., sec. 17, t. 58, r. 5, three mounds; s. half s. e. sec. 12, t. 57, r. 5, five mounds; n. w., n. e., sec. 2, t. 57, r 5, one mound; e. half s. w. sec. 35, t. 58, r. 5, three mounds; n. w., s. w., sec. 16, t. 59, r. 5, two mounds; s. half n. e. sec. 12, t. 59, r. 6, seven mounds; s. w., s. e., sec. I, t. 59, r. 6, four mounds; s. e., n. w. sec. 18, t. 59, r. 5, seven mounds; n. w., s. w., sec. 19, t. 57, r. 4, five mounds, in Indian park, Hannibal.
In Ralls county 78 mounds were counted, located as follows: in township 55, range 6, as follows: e. pt. sec. 1, seven mounds; e. pt. sec. 2, five mounds; n. w., sec. 16, six mounds; s. w., s. w., sec. 18, three mounds; n. e., s. w., sec. 8, one mound; in township 55, range 7, as follows: n. w., n. e., sec. 28, two mounds; s. half n. e., sec. 21, three mounds; n. w., s. w., sec. 29, three mounds; n. w., s. w., sec. 17, three mounds; s. e., s. e., sec. 8, t. 55, r. 7, three mounds; w. pt. sec. 15, three mounds; in township 55, range 6, as follows: s. e., s. e., sec. 35, five mounds; n. w. sec. 4, six mounds; n. w. and s. e. corners sec. 3, three mounds; n. e. and s. e. corners sec. 35, five mounds; n. w. sec. 4, t. 55, r. 4, one mound; n. w., n. e., sec. 36, t. 55, r. 6, two mounds; e. pt. sec. I, t. 56, r. 4. 11 mounds; e. pt. sec. 25, t. 55, r. 6, one mound; n. w. pt. sec. 18, t. 56, r. 3, four mounds; n. w., n. e., sec. 2, t. 56, r. 6, one mound.
In Pike county 210 mounds were counted, located as follows: in township 54, range 2 w., as follows: s. w., n. e., sec. 8, one mound; s. e., cor. sec. 5, two mounds; e. pt. sec. 9, six mounds; n. w. sec. 15, seven mounds; s. w. cor. sec. II, four mounds; n. e., s. w., sec. 4, eleven mounds; n. e., n. w., sec. 20, two mounds; s. e. pt. sec. 21, eight mounds; e. pt. sec. 23, nine mounds; w pt. sec. 28, t. 54, r. I w., eighteen mounds; n. w., cor. sec. 21, t. 55, r. 2 w., one mound; s. pt. sec. 19, t. 55, r. 2 w., eight mounds; in township 55, range 3 w., as follows: s. e. pt. sec. 23, eight mound."; n. w., n. e., sec. 29, one mound; n. w., s. e., sec. 20, two mounds; n. e. sec. 10, four mounds; s. e. cor. sec. II, one mound; s. w. cor. sec. 7, t. 55, r. 2 w., four mounds; s. e. cor. sec. 12, t. 5; r. 3 w., two mounds; n. pt. sec. 12, t. 54, r. 2 w., nine mounds; n. e. cor. sec. 24, t. 54, r. 2 w., one mound; n. pt. sec. 24, t. 52, r. I e., twenty-three mounds; s. e. cor. sec. 8, t. 53, range I e., eleven mounds; s. pt. sec. 19, t. 52, r. 2 e., twenty-five mounds; s. w., n. w., sec. 29, t. 52, r. 2 e., eighteen mounds, grouped in peculiar shape; w. pt. sec. 28, t. 52, r. 3 W., thirteen mounds; s. w., s. w., sec. 21, t. 32, r. 3 w., three mounds; s. e., s. w., sec. 16, t. 53, r. I, e., one mound; n. w., s. e., sec. 23, t. 53, r. I. e., one mound; n. w., cor. sec. 35, t. 53, r. 2 w., four mounds; s. pt. sec. 27, t. 53, r. 2 w., eight mounds; n. e. n. w., sec. 15, t. 53, r. I w., three mounds.
In Lincoln county 52 mounds were counted, located as follows: n. e., s. w., sec. 27, t. 51, r. 2 e., five mounds; s. e. cor. sec. 16, t. 50, r. 3 e., four mounds; s. e., n. e., sec. 13, t. 49, r. 2 e., five mounds; s. e. cor. sec. 28, t. 50, r. 3 e., four mounds; n. w., s. e., sec. 35, t. 50, r. 2 e., three mounds; n. w. cor. sec. 8, t. 49, r. 3 e., four mounds; n. w., n. w., sec. 26, t. 49, r. 2 e., two mounds; n. e. cor. sec. 35, t. 49, r 2 e., ten mounds; s. e. pt. sec. 20, t. 48, r. 2 e., four mounds; n. w., n. w., sec. 31, t. 49, r. I e., four mounds; n. e., s. e., sec. 33, t. 50, r. I w., three mounds; n. e. cor. sec. 7, t. 50, r. I w., three mounds; s. w. cor. sec. 7, t. 51, r. I w., one mound.
In Scotland county 56 mounds were counted, located as follows: n. e., n. w., sec. 14, t. 65, r. Io, one mound, 150 ft. by 450 ft., 30 ft. high; n. e., n. w., sec. 5, t. 65, r. 12, twenty mounds; in township 65, range 11, as follows: e. pt. sec. 18, twenty mounds; n. e. cor. sec. 19, five mounds s. e., s. w., sec. 17, five mounds; n. w., n. e., sec. 13, five mounds.
In Shelby county 22 mounds were counted, located as follows: s. w., n. e., sec. 15, t. 58, r. II, two mounds; n. w., n. e., sec. 14, t. 58, r. 11, two mounds; s. e., s. e., sec. 33, t. 57, r. 9, seven mounds; s. w., s. e., sec. 32, t. 37, r. 9, five mounds; n. e., n. e. sec. 5, t. 56, r. 9, three mounds; n. e., n. e., sec. 8, t. 56, r. 9, three mounds.
In Monroe county 54 mounds were counted, located as follows: in township 54, range 8, n. w., n. w., sec. 17, one mound; s. w., n. w., sec. 16, one mound; s. e., s. w., sec. 9, one mound; w. pt. sec. 4, three mounds; in township 55, range 8, n. pt. sec. 33, three mounds; n. e., n. w., sec. 34, one mound; s. w., n. w., sec. 36, four mounds; n. w., s. e., sec. 25, three mounds; n. w., s. e., sec. 26, three mounds; n. w., n. w ., sec. 13, one mound; s. w., s. w., sec. 7, three mounds; s. e., n. e., sec. 6, t. 55, r. 8, seven mounds; s. e., s. w., sec. 22, t. 54, r. 9, three mounds; s. w., n. w., sec. 28, t. 54, r. 10, three mounds; n. e., n. w., sec. 29, t. 54, r. 10, three mounds; s. w., n. e., sec. 14, t. 55, r. 12, one mound; s. w., s. e., sec. 21, t. 55, r. 12, three mounds; s. w., s. e., sec. 6, t. 54, r. o, one mound; n. e., s. w., sec, 5, t. 54, r. 9, one mound; n. w., n. e., sec. 7, t. 54, r. 9, one mound; n. w., n. w., sec. 18, t. 54, r. 8, two mounds; s. w., n. e., sec. 30, t. 55, r. 7, three mounds.
In Macon county 193 mounds were counted, located as follows: n. w. and s. e. pts. sec. 18, t. 57, r. 4, twenty-one mounds; n. w., s. w., sec. 29, t. 57, r. 14, one mound; n. w., n. e., sec. 30, t. 58, r. 13, three mounds; in township 57, range 16, as follows: central pt. sec. 32, thirteen mounds; central pt. sec. 17, two mounds; e. half n. e. sec. 8, six mounds; n. pt. sec. 27, thirty- six mounds; e. half n. e. sec. 3, five mounds; middle pt. sec. 34, two mounds, 15 ft, high; cen- tral pt. sec. 35, thirteen mounds; n. w., n. e., sec. 26, one mound; s. e., n. w., sec. 23, two mounds; s. e., n. w., sec. II, three mounds; middle pt. sec. 14, six mounds; s. e., n. w., sec. 8, three mounds; s. w. pt. sec. 16, twenty-nine mounds, one square mound with stone surface or floor; n. w., n. e., sec. 17, five mounds; n. e., n. e., sec. 6, t. 60, r. 16, eight mounds; n. w., n. w., sec. 5, t. 56, r. 14, five mounds; n. w., n. w., sec. 19, t. 57, r. 13, three mounds; s. w. sec. 18, t. 57, r. 13, five mounds; in township 56, range 13, two mounds in s. e., s. w., sec. 9; in n. w., n. w., sec. 33, two mounds; s. w., n. w., sec. 25, two mounds.
In Adair county 66 mounds were counted, located as follows: in township 62, range 16, n. w.
88
HISTORY OF MISSOURI
tom near this bridge has almost been destroyed, the ground having been cultivated for many years. Near Snider's mill, in section 2, township 65, north of range 8 west, and on Big and Little Fox rivers a large group is located in a meadow. In this are about thirty mounds, approximately 4 feet high. On Linn branch there are several small groups, extending up the stream half a mile or more, also located in the bottom. Two miles north of Kahoka, on a hill on the east branch of Fox river, there are three mounds, and on the west bank near this point another group in the bottom. Not far from this group, on top of a high hill, is a group of eight mounds. 86 The most interesting as well as the largest group in Lewis county, near the Clark county line, is known as the "Boulware Mounds," situated in the northeast part of the county in section 8, township 63,
sec. 3, fifteen mounds; n. e. cor. see. 4, twelve mounds; n. e. cor. sec. 14, five mounds; s. e., n. e., sec. 22, one mound; in township 61, range 16, n. w., s. e., sec. 34, ten mounds; w. pt. sec. 27, five mounds; n. w., s. e., sec. 22, two mounds; s. pt. sec. 15, t. 62, r. 16, five mounds; n. w. s. e., sec. 16, t. 62, r. 16, one mound; n. pt. sec. 23, t. 63, r. 17, ten mounds.
In Schuyler county 40 mounds were counted, located as follows: s. w., n. w., sec. 28, t. 65, r. 13, one mound; n. w., s. w., sec. 8, t. 66, r. 14, one mound; n. e., n. w., sec. 3, t. 66, r. 16, one mound, in form of snake 600 ft. long; n. e. sec. 22, t. 66, r 16, eight mounds, one a square formed by four mounds; n. e. cor. sec. 8, t. 64, r. 15, one mound; n. w., s. w., sec. 34, t. 67, r. 16, eight mounds; s. e., n. e., sec. 4, t. 65, r. 16, five mounds; n. e., s. e., sec. 32, t. 66, r. 16, two mounds; s. w., n. e., sec. 36, t. 66, r. 16, six mounds; n. w., cor. scc. 11, t. 65, r. 15. one mound; s. e., n. w., sec. 8, t. 66, r. 15, five mounds; s. w. cor. sec. 26, t. 66, r. 16, one mound.
In Sullivan county, 71 counted mounds: s. e., s. w., sec. 17, t. 63, r. 20, one mound; n. w. cor. sec. 20, t. 63, r. 20, one mound, about 25 ft. high and covering four acres; in sec. 8, t. 52, r. 20, n. w. cor., 29 mounds, in a bottom which has been plowed over, and on the opposite side of main Locust creek a row of mounds 18 in number on top of a ridge about half a mile long; in sec. 32, t. 64, r. 19, three mounds; in n. w., s. e., in sec. 3, t. 62. r. 20 w., mound in public square of Milan, noted in text; in s. w. cor. sec. 2, t. 62, r. 20, twelve mounds from 3 to 5 ft. high, running along a ridge; this row of mounds continues into sec. 11, 1 62, r. 20 w., in same direction; in sec. 12, t. 63, r. 19, one mound, located in creek bottom, 10 ft. high, 30 ft. in diameter.
In Putnam county 13 counted mounds: s. w. cor. sec. 9, t. 66, r. 17, one mound; s. e. cor. sec. 14, t. 66, r. 17, one mound; s. w., s. e., sec. 28, t. 66, r. 19, five mounds; in n. w., s. w., sec. 5, t. 65, r. 16, six mounds.
In St. Charles county 70 mounds were counted, located as follows: n. w., n. e., sec. 12, t. 46, r. 4, six mounds; s. e., n. e., sec. 22, t. 46, r. 4, nine mounds; n. w., s. e, . sec. 36, t. 46, r. 3, six mounds; s. w., s. e., sec. 7, t. 45, r. 3, twenty-eight mounds; n. e. cor. sec. 5, t. 44, r. 2, five mounds; s. e. cor. sec. 7, t. 44, r. 2, five mounds; s. e., n. w., sec. 24, t. 48, r. 2, three mounds; n. e. cor. sec. 25, t. 48, r. 2, four mounds; n. w., s. e., sec. 17, t. 47, r. 2, three mounds; n. e. cor. sec. 24, t. 46, r. 3, one mound.
In Montgomery county 70 mounds were counted, located as follows: n. e., n. w., sec. 18, t. 47, r. 5, one mound; n. e., s. e., sec. 7, t. 48, r. 6, five mounds; s. e., s. w., sec. 13, t. 49, r. 6 one mound; n. e., s. w., sec. 15, t. 49, r. 6, one mound; n. w., s. e., sec. 9, t. 48, r. 6, two mounds; s. w., s. e., sec. 22, t. 50, r. 4, one mound; s. w., n. e., sec. 28, t. 48, r. 6, five mounds; e. pt. sec. 8, t. 48, r. 6, twelve mounds; s. w., s. e., sec. 14, t. 46, r. 6, one mound; n. w. cor. sec. 32, t. 48, r. 6, two mounds; n. w, and s. e. cor. sec. 16, t. 47, r. 6, five mounds; n. e., s. w., sec. 23, t. 46, r. 5, two mounds; n. w. cor. sec. 21, t. 46, r. 6, three mounds; s. w., n. e., sec. 9, t. 47, r. 6, four mounds; n. e., n. w., sec. 31, t. 46, r. 5, two mounds; s. e., s. w., sec. 2, t. 46, r. 6, one mound, 1,200 ft. long, peculiar shape; n. w., s. e., sec. 13, t. 47, r. 6, one mound; n. e. cor. sec. 4, t. 47, r. 6, two mounds; s. e., s. w., sec. 26, t. 47, r. 6, three mounds; n. e. cor. sec. 30, t. 47, r. 5, three mounds; n. e. cor. sec. 29, t. 47, r. 5, three mounds; n. e. cor. sec. 7, t. 47, r. 5, three mounds; s. e. cor. sec. 15, t. 47, r. 6, one mound; n. w. cor. sec. 24, t. 47, r. 6, two mounds; s. e. cor. sec. 19, t. 46, r. 5, two mounds; s. e., s. w., sec. 28, t. 47, r. 5, two mounds.
In Warren county 7 mounds were counted, located as follows: n. e., s. 'w., sec. 22, t. 46, r. I w., three mounds; s. e., n. e., sec. 21, t. 46, r. 4 w., four mounds.
In Audrain county 19 counted mounds: in n. e., n. w., sec. II, t. 51, r. o, three mounds; n. w., s. e., sec. 24, t. 51, r. 9, one mound; n. w., s. w., sec. 3, t. 52, r. 8, one mound; s. w., S. w., sec. 5, t. 52, r. o, one mound; n. w., n. e., sec. I, t. 51, r. IO, one mound; s. w., n. e., sec. 17, t. 52, r. 7, one mound; n. w., n. w., sec. 25, t. 51, r. 10, one mound; n. w., n. w., sec. 23, t. 50, r. 9, two mounds; s. w. sec. 35, t. 51, r. 10, two mounds; n. pt. sec. 26, t. 51, r. 10, six mounds.
86 12th Report Bureau of Ethnology, p. 163 et seq.
89
LEWIS AND MARION
north of range 6 west, and fully described in the report of the Bureau of Ethnology for 1890.87 A noticeable mound in this county is in section 27, township 62, range 8 east, about 8 or 10 feet high, and 50 to 60 feet in diameter; another is found on Fox river in section 5, township 61, range 7 west, just east of Monticello. There are large groups, however, in this county. In Canton, on the public square, are five mounds in the form of a double triangle. North of Canton about three miles, in section 12, township 62, north of range 6 west, in the bottom between the Burlington railroad and the county road, there is a single mound about 15 feet high and 300 feet in diameter; and just west of this mound, on the bluffs, there are two others. The most beautiful and most interesting group in this county, in fact in north Missouri, is just south of La Grange upon a high bluff in section 30, township 61, north of range 6 west. These mounds run almost north and south. The north one is about 4 feet high, the next 5 feet, the third 10 feet; then, going south, they decrease until the last is only 3 feet high. The larger mound is about 90 feet in diameter. These, says Mr. Hoffman, are in perfect condition, never having been disturbed, and if a line were drawn from the north to the south mound it would not miss the top of any intervening mound three inches. Their sides are perfectly regular.
In Marion county, about a mile and a half north of Palmyra, in section 7, township 58, north of range 5 west, in a meadow, is a large egg-shaped mound, in diameter about 300 feet from east to west, and 450 feet from north to south, about 20 feet high, with a slope more gradual southward. Many arrow-heads have been picked up here. In a meadow in section 17, township 58, range 5 west, near Lazy branch, is a group, of three mounds, 4 feet high. In section 12, town- ship 57, range 5, a short distance from Bay mill, on a bluff over- looking the Mississippi river, is yet another. In section 2, in the same township, there is what appears to be the remains of a fortifica- tion and a mound ten feet high. A peculiar group was discovered in section 12, township 59, north of range 6 west, situated on a bluff. the largest being 10 feet high. Five mounds are found in Indian park, at Hannibal, one of these being about 8 feet high.
The Ralls county mounds are found principally along Salt river, and far up this river, extending into the counties of Adair, Macon, and Monroe. Several groups in Ralls county are on the bluffs of 87 12th Report Bureau of Ethnology, p. 165.
90
HISTORY OF MISSOURI
Salt river. In section 16, township 55, north of range 6 west, are six mounds covered entirely with stone. The second from the east, in this group, has the appearance of having had a stone wall around it. Another group in this county is known as Goodwin Hill, in section 18, township 55, north of range 6 west. It consists of three mounds, and seems to have covered stone graves. North of Salt river, a short distance from Cincinnati, in section 8, township 55, north of range 6 west, in a meadow, there is a mound of singular form, being about 10 feet long and 4 feet wide, the sides and ends faced with a perpendicular stone wall about 4 feet high, and the top rounded up with earth.
In Pike county, in section 8, township 54, range 2 west, on a hill there is a mound 180 feet long, about 8 feet high, and covered with stone. In section 9, township 54, range 2, there is another, 10 feet high, 150 feet in diameter. Two peculiar groups are found just south of Buffalo creek, in section 28, township 54, range I west. In section 11, township 55, north of range 3 west, on a hill in the woods is the noted stone house mentioned in Beck's Gazetteer, and fully described by Solomon Giddings. When Mr. Hoffman visited this stone house, in 1905, he found it only a heap of stones, overgrown with small brush and briars. From what he says, it appears that the original structure was about 17 feet square, that there were two walls about 2 feet thick standing about three feet apart, that he understood the walls when first seen were 16 feet high, and that a remnant of a wall could yet be seen on the east side. Concerning this structure Beck says: "Noyer creek is a trifling stream running in an easterly course in Pike county, emptying into the Mississippi river about two miles below Salt river. On the banks of this stream, about two miles southwest of the town of Louisiana, ancient works were found built out of stone with great regularity, on a high and commanding site, and from which the Rev. Solomon Giddings was led to infer that the place was intended for defense. These works are entirely distinct from the earthen fortifications and mounds found in various parts of the state, and perhaps were erected by a more civilized race and one more familiar with the rules of architecture. The engrav- ings annexed seem to indicate as much. Fig. I faces to the southeast; A. B. C. D. outer wall, 18 inches in thickness, and length 56 feet, breadth 22 feet. All these walls are of rough, unhewn stone, but constructed with remarkable regularity, and when observed by Dr.
Feel. 2.
هذه
AS CIENT WORKS
一
92
HISTORY OF MISSOURI
Giddings, although considerably decayed, the form of the wall was still distinct A and C are two chambers without any apparent communication with B. B is a room nearly circular, with one gate or entrance. Walls are similar to the former. C is a chamber 12 feet in width, at the extremity of which are the remains of a furnace. E is a chamber 3 feet in width which was no doubt arched the whole way, as some of the arch still remained when the sketch was made. It is made in the manner represented in Fig. 3, and about 5 feet above the surface of the ground; but as it was filled with rubbish when observed in 1820, it is impossible to say what was its original height. F is a chamber 4 feet wide, and in some places the remains of a similar arch show. H is a large room, walled, with two entrances, J and K, which are covered with a thick growth of trees. The walls when the sketch was made were from 2 to 5 feet in height. One of the trees in the work was 2 feet in diameter."
Near Clarksville, in Pike county, on a bluff in section 8, township 53, range 2 west, is a group of mounds 10 or 12 feet high. In section 29, township 52, range 2 east, there is yet another peculiar group.
In Lincoln, Warren, and Montgomery, Mr. Hoffman found a number of mounds. Many mounds in these counties are located on the hills. In Montgomery county they seem to be situated gen- erally on the middle fork of Salt river, and a serpentine mound 400 feet long was noted. In Macon county there are interesting groups on the upper forks of the Chariton, and in these mounds pottery- ware has been found. In Adair county several groups exist, the location of which is more particularly given in the note; so also, in Knox county.88 In Sullivan county, in the northwest of the south- east quarter section 30, township 62, range 20 west, a mound 15 feet high was removed when the courthouse was built at Milan.
In St. Charles county, in section 12, township 46, range 5, are seven mounds on the bluffs overlooking the Missouri river. Nearly every bluff facing the Missouri river in this county is crowned with a mound. A mile and a half from Cottleville is a mound 25 feet high, 450 feet long, and 225 feet in diameter. It has been observed that generally those along the Mississippi and Missouri rivers, on high
ss In Knox county 71 mounds were counted, located as follows: n. w., s. e., sec. 13, t. 62, r. 13, eleven mounds; s. w., n. w., sec. 11, t. 61, r. 11, three mounds; s. w., n. w., sec. 27, t. 63, r. 10, three mounds; also in township 63, range 10, as follows: s. e., n. w., sec. 33, eight mounds n. w. cor. sec. 35, six mounds; s. e., n. w., sec. 31, t. 63, r. 10, six mounds; n. e., s. w., sec. 5, t. 62, r. 12, seven mounds; s. e., s. w., sec. 35, t. 63, r. 10, seventeen mounds; s. w., cor. sec. 27, t. 63, r. II, five mounds; n. e. cor. sec. 34, t. 63, r. 10, three mounds.
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bluffs, are situated where there is a break in the bluff. Mr. Hoffman notes a difference between the mounds found on the bluffs of these two rivers and those of Salt river and its tributaries, in this: that he observed in the mounds on the Mississippi and Missouri only a few stones, but as he ascended Salt river, he found that greater quan- tities of stone were used. For instance, in Ralls county, near the Monroe line, many wagon-loads of stone were hauled away from one mound. In Monroe county he saw one in which the stones were set up one against another for about 30 feet square. On another in Gen- try county, near Gallatin, even a larger space was so covered. It was surprising to note the distance from which the stones were brought to cover some of these mounds, in many instances a mile and even more. Some of these stones were heavy enough for two or three men to lift. Some, taken out of certain mounds in north Missouri, were 5 feet long, 3 feet wide, and 3 and 4 inches thick. The mound groups on the upper Mississippi and Missouri are usually small, two and three in a group, excepting, however, those at La Grange and Clarksville, and a group several miles south of Anita, on the Missis- sippi. Along the rugged bluffs and peaks of Salt river many mounds were found, but not in large groups. From New London to the west line of Ralls county an unbroken line of mounds exists, and on the east side, in Monroe, they are even more numerous. Along the Fabius there are some small groups at rare intervals. On the Chariton, from the south line of Macon county to the north line of Adair, the largest and most numerous groups in north Missouri are found, but not as many stones are found in these as on Salt river. The valley of the Chariton is about two or three miles wide, rising gradually into the uplands, but the hills bordering the Salt and Fabius rivers are steep and abrupt A most noteworthy prehistoric memorial is the square formed by four mounds found on the Chariton, in Schuyler, with the serpentine mound two miles north of this square, now almost obliterated. Old citizens of Schuyler say that these four mounds were about 3 feet high and formed an oblong square with two open- ings, one on the north and one on the south, and that on each of the four corners there was a mound about 5 feet high. The serpentine mound, about two miles north and a little-west of these mounds, was about 3 feet high, and in the form of a serpent, as if crawling toward the square of four mounds.
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