USA > Missouri > Lincoln County > History of Lincoln County, Missouri, from the earliest time to the present > Part 21
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HISTORY OF LINCOLN COUNTY.
souri and the State of Missouri, without a material change of his place of residence. Alexander McLane came from Kentucky in 1801, and settled on the Stuart place, on the bluff, four miles from Cap-au-Gris. He took his negroes, dammed the creek which was afterward named for him, and built a grist-mill on the spot where the stream cuts through the bluff. The buhrs were quarried in the vicinity, and dressed by himself and slaves. This was the first water-power mill built in the county. Next came the families of Zadock Woods and Joseph Cottle, from Woodstock, Vermont, who settled in Troy in 1802. With Mr. Woods came his mother and his two brothers, James and Martin, who settled at the same time near Old Monroe. Mrs. Woods died in this county at a very advanced age. The three brothers went to Texas in an early day, where Zadock and some of his sons were killed fighting for the independence of the Lone Star Republic. They were each possessed of considerable means. Zadock was a stone-mason, and built the first stone-chimney in Hurricane Township.
Ira Cottle, nicknamed "Muxey, " came from Vermont in 1799, and settled at Old Monroe, in this county, in 1802. His father, Warren Cottle, settled in St. Charles County, and was afterward a soldier in the War of 1812. Ira Cottle married his cousin, Suby Cottle, and after her death he married the widow of John Ewing. During the trouble with the Indians he, unlike the other set- tlers, would not retire into the fort, but remained at home. In 1820 he was the richest man in the county, and paid taxes on 1,000 acres of land. He built the house since occupied by Mrs. Henry Hemmersmeyer, as a store and dwelling, which is one of the finest brick blocks erected in the county, and, at the time it was built, the largest. He died in 1843.
Francis Riffle, born in Virginia, October 14, 1781, came to this county from Kentucky, where he was reared, and settled on the ridge below McLane's Creek, in 1803. He died in this county, May 22, 1858.
William McHugh, whose three sons were murdered by the Indians, was of Scotch ancestry. In 1803 he settled on Sandy Creek, on the farm since owned by Burt J. Cocke. He died a few years after the War of 1812. He and his wife were
15
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buried on the banks of Sandy Creek, about 200 yards north of the site of their cabin. The male line of his family is extinct, except probably a grandson, John McHugh, who was living some years ago on the Des Moines River, in Iowa. Col. David Bailey, the first sheriff of Lincoln County, and who afterward occupied many official positions, came here from Vermont in 1803. He was a captain of rangers in the War of 1812. His death oc- curred in 1864. John Lindsay, from Maine, settled on Sandy Creek in 1803. He possessed an excellent education, was deputy county clerk in 1820, county court justice from 1825 to 1828, and served several years as a justice of the peace. He died in the winter of 1833-34, having survived his two children. His widow went to Wisconsin. James Burnes, about the same time, settled on Sandy Creek, a quarter of a mile above the scene of the McHugh massacre. Roswell Durgee, also, about the same time, settled at the mouth of Durgee Hollow, on the David T. Killam place. The same year, 1803, Frederick Dixon settled in Monroe Township. He married Elizabeth, daughter of James Burnes, and lived here many years after the War of 1812, and died in Iowa.
John Riffle, son-in-law of Alexander McLane, settled in Lin- coln County in 1804. His daughter, Mrs. Nancy Daniels, was with her parents in Fort Howard during the War of 1812, and, being nearly grown, became very familiar with the events of the time, and carried them distinctly in her memory to old age. Benjamin Allen, of Woodstock, Vt., came to St. Louis in 1804, and removed, a few years before the War of 1812, to the Tinbrook place, near Monroe. After the War he settled on Hur- ricane Creek, where he died about the year 1840. He was a prominent citizen, and served many years as a justice of the peace. Ezekiel Downing, an Irishman, and cousin to Gov. McNair, came about the same time. He established the first tanyard in Lin- coln County. It was on the Capt. Wehde place. He was step- father to Freeland Rose, Esq. About this time came John and William Ewing. They were not closely related, if at all. The former settled near the Mississippi River, not far from the line dividing Townships 49 and 50, north. He possessed con- siderable property. He died about 1819-20. Col. Ira Cottle
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HISTORY OF LINCOLN COUNTY.
administered on this estate, and married his widow. William Ewing settled farther down, probably between Sandy and Bob's Creeks. His wife died in 1811, and he then divided out his children and had no settled home thereafter. His youngest child, named after himself, was killed in the O'Neal massacre. Jacob Null came from Cocke County, Tenn., and settled in St. Charles County in 1808. The following year he moved to what is now Lincoln County, and settled on the Jackson farm three miles west of Troy. He afterward moved to a farm one mile south of Troy, where he died in 1819. He was a great bee hunter, and spent much of his time hunting bees on Honey Creek, and in the forks of Cuivre River, and was so successful that the name of the stream was changed to Null's Creek. His brother John, and the latter's son, Jacob Jr., came to the county the same year (1809). The Nulls, like most of their neighbors, left their farms, and abode in Woods' Fort, during the War of 1812-15 They took an active part in the defense of the settlement, and also in the organization of the county.
Several other families settled in the vicinity of Troy before the War of 1812, but the exact dates cannot now be ascertained, nor can all their names be recollected. The following were among them: John and Joseph Hunter, the former being the father of the late John M. Hunter, of New Hope. He settled near West Cuivre, five miles northwest of Troy. Robert McNair, a blacksmith, of Irish parentage, born in Pennsylvania, and brother to Gov. McNair, settled in Troy. After the war he moved to near Auburn and subsequently to Hurricane Township, where he died. Elijah Collard and his father, Joseph Collard, settled in the county in 1811, as did Alambe and Job Williams, Maj. Robert Jameson and his son, George W. The latter, sub- sequently, in 1817, settled on a farm two and a half miles east of Millwood, and was the first settler in the forks of Cuivre. David Porter came from Tennessee and settled on Big Creek in 1810.
As soon as the Indians ceased their hostilities, at the close of the War of 1812-15, the settlers retired from the forts to their respective homes. Some of them, who had only settled tempo- rarily, now selected their permanent homes and moved thereon. Those who became permanent settlers in the vicinity of Auburn,
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in 1815 or 1816, were James S. Lewis, David Meracle, Daniel Draper, Joseph Howdeshell, Samuel and James Gibson. James Clark, Joseph McCoy, Lawrence B. Sitton, Robert McNair, Thacker Vivion and Ezekiel Downing. Some of these, as has already been noted, settled in the county before the war. Levi Brown, from Tennessee, settled in 1815 or 1816, and James Porter, from the same State, in 1817. Freeland Rose from Kentucky, settled in 1817, and remained here until his death, April 27, 1885. William Miller, with his family, left North Carolina in November, 1817, and arrived at Clark's Fort, now the Frederick Wing place, June 5, 1818. About this time, and perhaps earlier, James Wilson came from South Carolina and settled on the farm now owned by James Riley, three miles northeast of Auburn. Both of these old settlers are still living-the latter at Auburn, at the age of ninety-four years-the former on his farm near Moscow. Walton Perkins came to this county with his father in 1818, and settled on the farm known as the old "Bickel place," about two miles south of Troy. In 1820 he visited the land office at St. Louis, to make a payment on his father's land. In the fall of 1817 Philip Sitton settled in the forks of Cuivre. He was born in North Carolina in 1772, and died in this county in 1861. John Hudson, born in Washington County, Ga., in 1796, came to this county in the fall of 1818, and with him came Jarot Ingram and James Owens. The latter settled on what is known as the Daniel Kempler place, and Ingram on a place cor- nering thereto and lying just over the line in Pike County. At this time John R. Gililland was living near the present Sulphur Lick Church, and William Trail on the road where his widow, " Aunt Sallie Trail," now lives, on the road between Troy and Millwood. Capt. Thomas Hammond and his brother, Slade, had also settled in that vicinity. A man named Lowe lived on the Brice H. Wommack farm, and another, named Barnett, lived on the old Beard place near Louisville. The last named settlers, commencing with Philip Sitton, together with George W. Jame- son, who has been noted as the first settler in the forks of Cuivre, and a man who lived near the mouth of Lead Creek, were proba- bly all the people living in the northwest part of the county, not including the Auburn settlement, in 1818.
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HISTORY OF LINCOLN COUNTY.
At this time, Mr. Hudson observed that Indian wigwams were very thick; and after selecting a place on which to locate, he returned to Georgia, married his sweetheart, and, in June, 1819, moved to this county, bringing with him his parents and three brothers. In the interim nearly all the Indians had gone; Col. Meredith Cox had settled at Louisville, and Mr. Moore, father of Fountain Moore, had settled on the Dr. McFarland place. These, with other parties mentioned above, helped Mr. Hudson build his cabin, where he located, in what is now Nineveh Township. There was then no settlement west of him until Grand Prairie was reached, forty miles distant. He settled a quarter of a mile north of Lead Creek and half a mile west of the head of Null Creek. On the ridge between these creeks was the trail road leading to Troy. Samuel Gladney, born July 9, 1789, in South Carolina, settled near the site of Auburn in 1820. He died August 9, 1875, having been a citizen of the county fifty-five years.
In 1826 Charles Hoss came from Kentucky and settled near Louisville. He died at Truxton, December 26, 1879. The same year Samuel Howell settled about four miles northeast of Troy. In an interview published in the Herald in 1876 Mr. Howell stated that when he settled his neighbors were Armstrong Kennedy, John Hunter, Thomas East, John Wilson, Lemon and William Barker, brothers, an old man named Jennings, who soon left the county, and one Hatfield, who also left. These, with Kennedy, lived near Cuivre River, and each had hunted up a spring of water near which to build. Beyond these settlements there were none on the north nearer than the Auburn settlement, on the northwest, those of George W. Jameson and others, and further to the west, the Hudson settlement. Mr. Howell could not remember of any settlements west of Hudson's in 1826. By this time, however, the eastern and southern parts of the county had become much more thickly settled.
In 1828 Stephen A. Stephens, born in Virginia February 6, 1790, came to Lincoln County and settled near Millwood. He says that the grass where Millwood now stands was then tall enough to hide a man on horseback. Daniel Draper was then living in Auburn; and shortly afterward Andrew Cochran and
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STATE OF MISSOURI.
his brother kept a store at Fort Spring, just south of Auburn. The same year Henry Watts, from Tennessee, settled near the site of Elsberry. William Uptegrove, born in North Carolina, October 11, 1785, settled at Louisville November 8, 1829, on the place since owned by Ben. R. Williams, near the old bridge ford of North Cuivre. To Mr. Uptegrove this seemed to be a perfect paradise. The soil was fertile to a wonderful degree, to him who had been used to the red hills and flint stones of North Carolina. Cochran's store at Fort Spring, near Auburn, was then the best one in that part of the county, and had the most custom. James Beck, of South Carolina, and his wife settled in Lincoln County at an early day. He died in 1839, and his widow died December 18, 1879, at the age of eighty-nine. John Britton, a prominent citizen of the county, was born in Virginia, March 12, 1796, came to this county in 1841, remained over forty years, and died at the house of his son, J. R. Britton, in Rock Hill, Mo., March 22, 1882. He was a soldier in the War of 1812, and was engaged at the White House, below Alexandria, on the Potomac, and had the satisfaction of firing seven shots at the British.
SURVIVORS OF THE REVOLUTION.
Among the early settlers of Lincoln County were a number of the survivors of the Revolutionary War, and the following can be mentioned: Noah Rector, Isaac Hudson, John Chambers, John Barco and Alembe Williams. Noah Rector died near Millwood about the year 1849, at the age of one hundred and two years. Isaac Hudson was born in North Carolina, and after the war lived in Washington County, Ga., until 1799; he then went to South Caro- lina, and in 1804 moved to that part of Logan that is now in- cluded in Simpson County, Ky .; in June, 1819, he came with his wife and four sons, John, Thomas, William and Charles, to this county, and settled in what is now Nineveh Township. He died many years ago at an advanced age. He was a blacksmith and farmer, and was much respected for his strict honesty. John Chambers was born in 1740. In 1778 he enlisted in Capt. Alexander Cummins' company of the Fourteenth Virginia Regi- ment, and was in the battle of Monmouth. He died in Clark Township in 1844 or 1845. John Barco was born in 1744;
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HISTORY OF LINCOLN COUNTY.
enlisted May 24, 1877, in Camden County, N. C., as a drummer in Capt. Dempsey Gregory's company of the Tenth North Carolina Infantry, Col. Shepherd commanding; was at Valley Forge and West Point; in 1779 was sent to Charleston with his command and assigned to Gen. Lincoln; surrendered with the other forces to the British, May 12, 1780, and put on board a prison-ship where he remained five months. A short time after exchange he was mustered out of service at Richmond, Va. Alambe Williams was born in 1757; he enlisted from Guilford County, N. C., June 10, 1781, in Capt. Moore's company of the First North Carolina Infantry, commanded by Maj. Armstrong. He was afterward in Capt. Michael Randolph's company in Col. Henry Lee's legion. He was present in several battles, and at the storming of several forts. He received his discharge from Gen. Nathaniel Green.
PIONEER TAXPAYERS IN 1821.
The taxpayers in Lincoln County in 1821, as shown on the tax-list of that year, it being the earliest one preserved among the records, are as follows: [This probably is a complete list of the heads of the pioneer families at that time, as they should ap- pear on the list. Their names are classified, as indicated by the lands described opposite them, in each of their four municipal Townships. ]
In Monroe Township, comprising the southeast quarter of the county, there were David Bailey, Samuel Bailey, Ira Cottle, Almond Cottle, Zachariah Callaway, Ezekiel Downing, Abijah M. Highsmith, David Lard, John Lindsey, Otis Peck, James E. Paddock, Thomas Riffle, Joseph Russell, Barnabas Thornhill, James Turnbull, James Woods, Martin Woods, Allen Woolfolk and A. C. Woolfolk.
In Bedford Township, comprising the southwest quarter of the county, there were John Armstrong, Thomas Armstrong, Seth Allen, Frederick Avery, Jeremiah Beck, John Bell, John Barker, William Brown, Sr., William Brown, Jr., John Black, Emanuel Block, Gabriel Brown, Levi Brown, Benjamin Blanton, Thompson Blanton, David Boyd, John Brunk, John Cannon, Lambert Collier, James Collard, Elijah Collard, Christopher
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STATE OF MISSOURI.
Clark, William Cannon, James Chambers, Joseph Cottle, Sher- man Cottle, Stephen Cottle, Lee F. T. Cottle, Benjamin Cottle, Isaac Cottle, Andrew Cottle, Samuel Cannon, Benjamin Croce, James Duncan, Cary K. Duncan, William S. Duncan, John S. Duncan, Samuel L. Davis, David Erwin, Terah B. Farnsworth, Rufus Fullerton, John Geiger, Samuel Groshong, Jacob Gro- shong, Thomas Gammon, George Guinn, Thomas A. Guinn, William Guinn, Malcolm Henry, Sr., Malcolm Henry, Jr., John Hunter, Joseph Hunter, Horace Harding, Allen Jameson, Armstrong Kennedy, David Keller, Joseph King, James Knox, Sr., James Knox, Jr., David W. McFarland, Thomas Mann, Jonathan D. Morris, Hiram Millsap, John Null, David Pressley, Jehu Piles, John Parkinson, Philander Powers, Elisha Perkins, Nathan Ramy, Bethuel Riggs, Jonathan Riggs, Shapley Ross, Mervin Ross, William H. Robinson, John M. Seymour, James Stanley, John Shrum, John Thurman, John Talbolt, Winslow Turner, Sr., Winslow Turner, Jr., Miles Turner, Elias Turner, John Ward, John Waggoner, Alambe Williams, Levin Williams, Thomas Williams, John Williams, Morgan Wright, Zadock Woods, G. W. Zimmerman, Conrad Yater, Peter Yater, and J. M. Zimmerman.
In Union Township, comprising the northwest quarter of the county, there were Hugh Barnett, John Cantriel, James Can- triel, Meredith Cox, John Cox, Adam Coose, Daniel Draper, Richard Fenton, James Galloway, Sr., James Galloway, Jr., William N. Galloway, John Gililland, Mathias Gililland, Samuel Gibson, James Gibson, Isaac Hudson, John Hudson, Thomas Hudson, Brice Hammock, Martin Hammock, Thomas Hammond, William Harris, Joseph Howdeshell, John Howdeshell, Robert Jameson, Sr., Robert Jameson, Jr., George W. Jameson, Samuel Lewis, James Lewis, Robert McNair, Joseph McCoy, David Merikle, Thomas Merikle, Quinten Moore, Thomas Moore, William Moore, David Porter, Samuel Smiley, Joseph Sitton, Sr., Joseph Sitton, Jr., Philip Sitton, William Sitton, Lawrence B. Sitton, Guian Sitton, James Shaw, William Trail, Nicholas Wells and Josiah Wilson.
In Hurricane Township, comprising the northeast quarter of the county, there were the following: Benjamin Allen, Reuben
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HISTORY OF LINCOLN COUNTY.
Abbott, Benjamin Barton, Thomas Barton, William Burnes, Jona- than Cottle, Ezekiel Downing, David Diggs, John Ezell, Samuel Gladney, John Galloway, Peter Galloway, Sr., Peter Galloway, Jr., Samuel Galloway, William Galloway, William Hammock, Elijah Myers, John Sapp, Jesse Sitton, Jehu L. Sitton, James Sconce, Samuel Sconce, George Turnbaugh, Daniel VanBurklon, Edward Wyatt, David Wilson and Francis Withington.
The following had no description attached to their lands, and consequently it cannot be determined in which township they resided: Sylvanus Allison, Elijah Barton, Charles Broadwater, William Beatty, Joseph Barnett, James Cannon, John Cox, James Downing, John H. Downing, Silas Davis, James Early, Walter Emory, John Griffith, Andrew Gilbert, Benjamin High- smith, William Highsmith, Lovell Harrison, William Harley, George Harley, Martin Harley, James Harley, Henry Howdes- hell, Alexander Hill, Jesse Low, Andrew Love, Andrew Miller, David McCoy, William McCoy, William McLean, Reuben Nowell, Bennet Palmer, Andrew Patterson, William O. Ross,, Moses Rainey, Return Strong, Samuel Sargent, Samuel Shaw, Samuel Smith, Andrew Smith, George W. Smith, Charles Stewart, Thomas Spillman, John Turnbaugh, William Talbert, Peter Teague, Isaac Thurman, Joseph Thurman, Kesiah Woods, John Walker, Jacob Williamson, Thomas Wells, Severn Wallace, James Wilson, and John Wilson. Of all these it is believed that none are now living in the county. This list, together with the widows and the estates of deceased persons, made the number of 276 taxpayers.
MEETING FRIENDLY INDIANS.
About three years after Samuel Howell settled in the county, he went, with a small party, down the Mississippi for a week's hunt. They camped about a hundred yards from the river bank. In the afternoon of the first day, a fine buck was killed not far from the camp. The next morning, after his comrades had been gone some time, Mr. Howell took his rifle and walked down the river about half a mile. Approaching the bank and looking toward the opposite shore, he saw an Indian push his boat out and step into it. For several minutes he remained motionless, as
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if listening. He appeared to be of powerful build. Presently the canoe shot swiftly and noiselessly up the river, closely hug- ging the shore, as if to screen itself in the shadows of the over- hanging bushes. At a point opposite the camp it turned and made directly for the western shore. Mr. Howell rapidly re- turned to camp, and a few minutes later the Indian landed and walked up the bank. He was entirely unarmed, but strode on without showing by his countenance whether he meant friendship or not. Stepping up, he grasped Mr. Howell's hand, and grunted "How do?" which was probably all the English he knew. The next thing he snatched the rifle with an exhibition of rough cor- diality, but smiled complacently as he examined every part of it. Mr. Howell was not sure but that his smiles meant mischief, and to use his own expression, never felt so "spotted " before, nor since. The examination ended with apparent satisfaction, the Indian made signs, by taking aim, imitating the noise of the dis- charge of the piece, going through the antics of a wounded deer, then pointing to the deer skin and the spot where the deer had been killed, to show that he had been a witness on the occasion. He then handed back the rifle and examined, with many nods and smiles, the other paraphernalia of the camp. Mr. Howell invited the Indian to eat of the venison steak, but he declined, made several unintelligible signs, shook hands and departed the way he came.
Shortly after this, Mr. Howell was with another hunting party on the Mississippi, near the mouth of the Cuivre. Riding out one day, they came to an Indian tent, at the door of which sat a. venerable looking old warrior. Inside was an old squaw engaged in cooking, and a young one, who sat some distance off on a mat. of deer skins. Squire Howell thought she was the handsomest woman he ever saw. He and the other hunters could not keep their eyes from her face. Their admiring glances annoyed her; an angry fire gleamed in her beautiful eyes. Her evident dis- pleasure producing no effect, she covered her face and head with one of the skins and remained covered while the interview lasted. The old squaw gave each visitor a piece of jerked venison, at the same time pouring a little salt into the palm of each one's hand. Politeness compelled them to eat, but their politeness was never.
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put to a severer test. The venison was hard dried in the sun and none of the sweetest. The old warrior related in broken English, aided by signs, how the Indians caught great numbers. of deer by driving them into the overflowed bottoms.
THE PIONEER'S CABIN.
This oft-mentioned habitation was always made of logs, sometimes hewed on two sides, and sometimes not hewed at all. When hewed, the logs were put up with the flat surfaces on the inside and outside of the building. The cracks were filled with "chinking," and this was daubed over with mud. The form of the cabin was always an oblong square, with a huge fire-place in one end. The fire-place was set back in a crib composed of logs, with the face even with the inner wall. This crib was heavily lined with stone and mortar, built up on a hearth made of flat stones. On top of the stone and mortar lining was made a stick and mud chimney, the latter always being entirely on the outside of the building, and extending a little above the comb of the roof. The cabin was only one story in height, and was covered with clap-boards resting on poles running the long way of the build- ing, and weighted down with other poles. One or two small openings were cut out for windows, in which greased paper, when it could be had, was often substituted for glass. The floor was made of puncheons, prepared wholly with an ax, and laid down on "sleepers." The door was made of light puncheons or heavy clap-boards fastened together with pins and hung on wooden hinges. This is a fair description of the completed "pioneer's cabin." All the tools required in building it were the ax, broad- ax-frow and auger. Many such a cabin was built without the use of a nail.
Those adventurous pioneers who settled miles in advance of any settlement had to construct their cabins alone, with the assist- ance of their families, unless men advanced from the settlement to help them, but those who settled where a few had gone before were more fortunate. The early settlers were so anxious to have others join them that they would go sometimes twenty miles to help a new comer build his cabin. All the pioneer had to do was to drive to the place selected for his home, unhitch his team,
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go into camp, as he had often done on his journey, then saddle a horse and ride around to his nearest neighbors, and send them for further ones, notifying them of his arrival and when and where to meet to erect his cabin. All who possibly could would be on hand at the "house raising ;" the trees would be felled, the logs and poles prepared, the clap-boards riven, and the building erected, ready for occupancy in a single day. The putting in of the puncheon floor, the making and hanging of the door, the chinking and daubing of the cracks, was usually left for the new comer to do at his leisure; and not unfrequently this finishing of the house was postponed until a truck patch was cleared and planted, and sometimes not until cold weather made it a necessity, the pioneer, meanwhile, occupying all his time in extending his "clearing." If a man wanted two rooms erected, he was considered aristocratic, and could not get that spontaneous assist- ance that one of more moderate desires might command. How- ever, the additional room would be raised if extra inducements were offered, such as a "frolic " and an abundance of whisky. This latter article was always on hand at a "house raising," and was usually as free as water, the price of it being 25 cents per gallon. Mr. Howell relates that before raising his cabin, he went to Troy, and for 50 cents, all the money he had, he pur- chased two gallons of whisky of superior quality, then went to Armstrong Kennedy and bought a hog, promising to pay for it by breaking flax. With these and other provisions, he managed to supply the wants of those who so kindly helped to erect his cabin. The log house is yet a common thing in Lincoln County ; but in many places east of this it has become extinct, and is remembered only as a thing of the past.
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