USA > Missouri > Linn County > The history of Linn county, Missouri. An encyclopedia of useful information > Part 6
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Jasper .
. January 29, 1841
Jefferson. December 8, 1818
Johnson
December 13, 1834
Warren . . January 5, 1833
Laclede .
February 24, 1849
Washington . August 21, 1813
Lafayette .
November 16, 1820
Wayne . December 11, 1818
Lawrence February 25, 1845
Webster . March 3, 1855
Lewis .
. January 2, 1833
Worth . February 8, 1861
Lincoln
December 14, 1818
Wright January 29, 1843
October 1, 1812
Franklin .
December 11, 1818
St. Louis . October 1, 1812
Saline . November 25, 1820
Henry . December 13, 1834
Hickory February 14, 1845
Holt . February 15, 1841
Shannon
Taney . January 16, 1837
Texas . February 14, 1835
Vernon February 17, 1851
Knox .
February 14, 1845
-
St. Charles
Maries . . March 2, 1855
Marion December 23, 1826
Mercer February 14, 1845
39
HISTORY OF MISSOURI.
CHAPTER VIII.
CIVIL WAR IN MISSOURI.
Fort Sumter fired upon-Call for 75,000 men-Gov. Jackson refuses to furnish a man-U. S. Arsenal at Liberty, Mo., seized-Proclamation of Governor Jackson-General Order No. 7-Legislature convenes-Camp Jackson organized- Sterling Price appointed Major-Gen- eral-Frost's letter to Lyon-Lyon's letter to Frost-Surrender of Camp Jackson-Procla- mation of Gen. Harney-Conference between Price and Harney -. Harney superseded by Lyon-Second Conference-Gov. Jackson burns the bridges behind him-Proclamation of Gov. Jackson-Gen. Blair takes possession of Jefferson City-Proclamation of Lyon-Lyon at Springfield-State offices declared vacant-Gen. Fremont assumes com. mand-Proclamation of Lieut. Gov. Reynolds-Proclamation of Jeff. Thompson and Gov. Jackson-Death of Gen. Lyon-Succeeded by Sturgis-Proclamation of McCulloch and Gamble-Martial Law declared-2d Proclamation of Jeff. Thompson-President modifies Fremont's Order-Fremont relieved by Hunter-Proclamation of Price-Hunter's Order of Assessment-Hunter declares Martial Law-Order relating to Newspapers-Halleck succeeds Hunter-Halleck's Order 81-Similar order by Halleck-Boone County Standard confiscated-Execution of prisoners at Macon and Palmyra-Gen. Ewing's Order No. 11- Gen. Rosencrans takes command-Massacre at Centralia-Death of Bill Anderson-Gen. Dodge succeeds Gen. Rosencrans-List of Battles.
" Lastly stood war-
With visage grim, stern looks, and blackly hued, * *
Ah! why will kings forget that they are men? And men that they are brethren ? Why delight In human sacrifice ? Why burst the ties Of nature, that should knit their souls together In one soft bond of amity and love ?"
Fort Sumter was fired upon April 12, 1861. On April 15th, President Lincoln issued a proclamation, calling for 75,000 men, from the militia of the several States to suppress combinations in the Southern States therein named. Simultaneously therewith, the Secretary of War, sent a telegram to all the gov- ernors of the States, excepting those mentioned in the proclamation, requesting them to detail a certain number of militia to serve for three months, Missouri's quota being four regiments.
In response to this telegram, Gov. Jackson sent the following answer :
EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT OF MISSOURI, JEFFERSON CITY, April 17, 1861.
TO THE HON. SIMON CAMERON,
Secretary of War, Washington, D.C. :
SIR: Your dispatch of the 15th inst., making a call on Missouri for four regiments of men for immediate service, has been received. There can be, I apprehend, no doubt but these men are intended to form a part of the President's army to make war upon the people of the seceded States. Your requisition, in my judgment, is illegal, unconstitutional, and cannot be complied with. Not one man will the State of Missouri furnish to carry on such an unholy war.
C. F. JACKSON, Governor of Missouri.
April 21, 1861. U. S. Arsenal at Liberty was seized by order of Governor Jackson.
1
40
HISTORY OF MISSOURI.
April 22, 1861. Governor Jackson issued a proclamation convening the Legis- lature of Missouri, on May following, in extra session, to take into consideration the momentous issues, which were presented, and the attitude to be assumed by the State in the impending struggle.
'On the 22nd of April, 1861, the Adjutant-General of Missouri issued the following military order : -
HEADQUARTERS ADJUTANT-GENERAL'S OFFICE, MO., JEFFERSON CITY, April 22, 1861.
(General Orders No. 7.)
i. 'To attain a greater degree of efficiency and perfection in organization and discipline, the Commanding Officers of the several Military districts in this State, having four or more legally organized companies therein, whose armories are within fifteen miles of each other, will assemble their respective commands at some place to be by them severally designated, on the 3rd day of May, and to go into an encampment for a period of six days, as provided by law. Captains of companies not organized into battalions, will report the strength of their companies immediately to these headquarters, and await further orders.
II. The Quartermaster-General will procure and issue to Quartermasters of Districts, for these commands not now provided for, all necessary tents and camp equipage, to enable the commanding officers thereof to carry the foregoing orders into effect.
III. The Light Battery now attached to the Southwest Battalion, and one company of mounted riflemen, including all officers and soldiers belonging to the First District, will proceed forthwith to St. Louis, and report to Gen. D. M. Frost for duty. The remaining companies of said battalion will be disbanded for the purpose of assisting in the organization of companies upon that frontier. The details in the execution of the foregoing are intrusted to Lieutenant-Colonel John S. Bowen, commanding the Battalion.
IV. The strength, organization, and equipment of the several companies in the Districts will be reported at once to these Headquarters, and District Inspec- tors will furnish all information which may be serviceable in ascertaining the condition of the State forces.
By order of the Governor.
WARWICK HOUGH, Adjutant-General of Missouri.
May 2, 1861. The Legislature convened in extra Session. Many acts were passed, among which was one to authorize the Governor to purchase or lease David Ballentine's foundry at Boonville, for the manufacture of arms and munitions of war ; to authorize the Governor to appoint one Major-General ; to authorize the Governor, when, in his opinion, the security and welfare of the State required it, to take possession of the railroad and telegraph lines of the State : to provide for the organization, government, and support of the military forces ; to borrow one million of dollars to arm and equip the militia of the State to repel invasion, and protect the lives and property of the people. An act was also passed creating a "Military Fund," to consist of all the money then in the treasury or that might thereafter be received from the one-tenth of one per cent. on the hundred dollars, levied by act of November, 1857, to complete certain railroads; also the proceeds of a tax of fifteen cents on the hundred dollars of the assessed value of the taxable property of the several counties in the State, and the proceeds of the two mill tax, which had been theretofore appropriated for educa- tional purposes.
May 3, 1861. " Camp Jackson," was organized.
May 10, 1861. Sterling Price appointed Major-General of State Guard.
A
PRESIDENT'S DWELLING. UNIVERSITY HALL.
OBSERVATORY. SCIENCE HALL. STATE UNIVERSITY, AT COLUMBIA, BOONE COUNTY, MISSOURI.
42
HISTORY OF MISSOURI.
May 10, 1861. General Frost commanding "Camp Jackson" addressed General N. Lyon, as follows :
HEADQUARTERS CAMP JACKSON, MISSOURI MILITIA, MAY 10, 1861. CAPT. N. LYON, Commanding U. S. Troops in and about St. Louis Arsenal :
SIR :-- I am constantly in receipt of information that you contemplate an at- tack upon my camp, whilst I understand that you are impressed with the idea that an attack upon the Arsenal and United States troops is intended on the part of the Militia of Missouri. I am greatly at a loss to know what could justify you in attacking citizens of the United States, who are in lawful performance of their duties, devolving upon them under the Constitution in organizing and instructing the militia of the State in obedience to her laws, and, therefore, have been dis- posed to doubt the correctness of the information I have received.
I would be glad to know from you personally whether there is any truth in the statements that are constantly pouring into my ears. So far as regards any hostility being intended toward the United States, or its property or representa- tives by any portion of my command, or, as far as I can learn, (and I think I am fully informed,) of any other part of the state forces, I can positively say that the idea has never been entertained. On the contrary prior to your taking com- mand of the Arsenal, I proffered to Mayor Bell, then in command of the very few troops constituting its guard, the services of myself and all my command, and, if necessary, the whole power of the State, to protect the United States in the full possession of all her property. Upon General Harney taking command of this department, I made the same proffer of services to him, and authorized his Adjutant-General, Capt. Williams, to communicate the fact that such had been done to the War Department. I have had no occasion since to change any of the views I entertained at the time, neither of my own volition nor through orders of my Constitutional commander.
I trust that after this explicit statement that we may be able, by fully under- standing each other, to keep far from our borders the misfortunes which so unhap- pily affect our common country.
This communication will be handed you by Colonel Bowen, my Chief of Staff, who will be able to explain anything not fully set forth in the foregoing.
I am, sir, very respectfully your obedient servant,
BRIGADIER-GENERAL D. M. FROST, Commanding Camp Jackson, M. V. M.
May 10th, 1861. Gen. Lyon sent the following to Gen. Frost :
HEADQUARTERS UNITED STATES TROOPS, ST. LOUIS, MO., MAY 10, 1861.
GEN. D. M. FROST, Commanding Camp Jackson :
SIR :- Your command is regarded as evidently hostile toward the Govern- ment of the United States.
It is, for the most part, made up of those Secessionists who have openly avowed their hostility to the General Government, and have been plotting at the seizure of its property and the overthrow of its authority. You are openly in communication with the so-called Southern Confederacy, which is now at war with the United States, and you are receiving at your camp, from the said Confederacy and under its flag, large supplies of the material of war, most of which is known to be the property of the United States. These extraordinary preparations plain- ly indicate none other than the well-known purpose of the Governor of this State, under whose orders you are acting, and whose communication to the Legislature has just been responded to by that body in the most unparalleled legislation, hav-
43
HISTORY OF MISSOURI.
ing in direct view hostilities to the General Government and co-operation with its enemies.
In view of these considerations, and of your failure to disperse in obedience to the proclamation of the President, and of the imminent necessities of State policy and warfare, and the obligations imposed upon me by instructions from Washington, it is my duty to demand, and I do hereby demand of you an imme- diate surrender of your command, with no other conditions than that all persons surrendering under this command shall be humanely and kindly treated. Believ- ing myself prepared to enforce this demand, one-half hour's time before doing so will be allowed for your compliance therewith.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
N. LYON,
Capt. 2d Infantry, Commanding Troops. .
May 10, 1861. Camp Jackson surrendered and prisoners all released except- ing Capt. Emmet McDonald, who refused to subscribe the parole.
May 12, 1861. Brigadier-General Wm. S. Harney issued a proclamation to the people of Missouri, saying " he would carefully abstain from the exercise of any unnecessary powers," and only use " the military force stationed in this dis- trict in the last resort to preserve peace."
May 14, 1861. General Harney issued a second proclamation.
May 21, 1861. General Harney held a conference with General Sterling Price of the Missouri State Guards.
May 31, 1861. General Harney superseded by General Lyon.
June II, 1861. A second conference was held between the National and State authorities in St. Louis, which resulted in nothing.
June II, 1861. Gov. Jackson left St. Louis for Jefferson City, burning the railroad bridges behind him, and cutting telegraph wires.
June 12, 1861. Governor Jackson issued a proclamation calling into active service 50,000 militia, " to repel invasion, protect life, property, etc."
June 15, 1861. Col. F. P. Blair took possession of the State Capital, Gov. Jackson, Gen. Price and other officers having left on the 13th of June for Boon- ville.
June 17, 1861. Battle of Boonville took place between the forces of Gen. Lyon and Col. John S. Marmaduke.
June 18, 1861. General Lyon issued a proclamation to the people of Mis- souri.
July 5, 1861. Battle at Carthage between the forces of Gen. Sigel and Gov. Jackson. July 6, 1861. Gen. Lyon reached Springfield.
July 22, 1861. State convention met and declared the offices of Governor, Lieutenant-Governor and Secretary of State vacated.
July 26, 1861. Gen. John C. Fremont assumed command of the Western Department, with headquarters in St. Louis.
July 31, 1861. Lieutenant Governor Thomas C. Reynolds, issued a procla- mation at New Madrid.
August 1, 1861. General Jeff. Thompson issued a proclamation at Bloom- field.
August 2, 1861. Battle of Dug Springs, between Captain Steele's forces and General Rains.
August 5, 1861. Governor Jackson issued a proclamation at New Madrid. August 5, 1861. Battle of Athens."
August 10, 1861. Battle of Wilson's Creek, between the forces under Gen- eral Lyon and General McCulloch. In this engagement General Lyon was killed. General Sturgis succeeded General Lyon.
44
HISTORY OF MISSOURI.
August 12, 1864. McCulloch issued a proclamation, and soon left Missouri.
August 20, 1864. General Price issued a proclamation.
August 24, 1861. Governor Gamble issued a proclamation calling for 32, 000 men for six months to protect the property and lives of the citizens of the State.
August 30, 1861. General Fremont declared martial law, and declared that the slaves of all persons who should thereafter take an active part with the enemies of the Government should be free.
September 2, 1861. General Jeff. Thompson issued a proclamation in re- sponse to Fremont's proclamation.
September 7, 1861. Battle at Drywood creek.
September 11, 1861. President Lincoln modified the clause in Gen. Fre- mont's declaration of martial law, in reference to the confiscation of property and liberation of slaves.
September 12, 1861. General Price begins the attack at Springfield on Colo- nel Mulligan's forces.
September 20, 1861. Colonel Mulligan with 2,640 men surrendered.
October 25, 1861. Second battle at Springfield.
November 2, 1861. General Fremont succeeded by General David Hunter.
November 7, 1861. General Grant attacked Belmont.
November 9, 1861. General Hunter succeeded by General Halleck, who took command on the 19th of same month, with headquarters in St. Louis.
General Price issued proclamation calling for 50,000 men, at Neosho, Missouri.
November 27, 1861.
December 12, 1861. General Hunter issued his order of assessment upon cer- tain wealthy citizens in St. Louis, for feeding and clothing Union refugees.
December 23-25. Declared martial law in St. Louis and the country adja- cent, and covering all the railroad lines.
March 6, 1862. Battle at Pea Ridge between the forces under Generals Curtis and Van Dorn.
January 8, 1862. Provost Marshal Farrar, of St. Louis, issued the following order in reference to newspapers :
OFFICE OF THE PROVOST MARSHAL, GENERAL DEPARTMENT OF MISSOURI. ST. LOUIS, January 8, 1862.
(General Order No. 10.)
It is hereby ordered that from and after this date the publishers of newspapers in the State of Missouri, (St. Louis City papers excepted), furnish to this office, immediately upon publication, one copy of each issue, for inspection. A failure to comply with this order will render the newspaper liable to suppression.
Local Provost Marshals will furnish the proprietors with copies of this order, and attend to its immediate enforcement.
BERNARD G. FARRAR, Provost Marshal General.
January 26, 1862. General Halleck issued order (No. 18) which forbade, among other things, the display of Secession flags in the hands of women or on carriages, in the vicinity of the military prison in McDowell's College, the carriages to be confiscated and the offending women to be arrested.
February 4, 1862. General Halleck issued another order similar to Order No. 18, to railroad companies and to the professors and directors of the State Univer- sity at Columbia, forbidding the funds of the institution to be used "to teach treason or to instruct traitors."
February 20, 1862. Special Order No. 120 convened a military commission, which sat in Columbia, March following, and tried Edmund J. Ellis, of Columbia,
45
HISTORY OF MISSOURI.
editor and proprietor of " The Boone County Standard," for the publication of information for the benefit of the enemy, and encouraging resistance to the United States Government. Ellis was found guilty, was banished during the war from Missouri, and his printing materials confiscated and sold.
April, 1862. General Halleck left for Corinth, Mississippi, leaving General Schofield in command.
June, 1862. Battle at Cherry Grove between the forces under Colonel Jos. C. Porter and Colonel H. S. Lipscomb.
June, 1862. Battle at Pierce's Mill between the forces under Major John Y. Clopper and Colonel Porter.
July 22, 1862. Battle at Florida.
July 28, 1862. Battle at Moore's Mill.
August 6, 1862. Battle near Kirksville.
August II, 1862. Battle at Independence.
August 16, 1862. Battle at Lone Jack.
September 13, 1862.
Battle at Newtonia. .
September 25, 1862. Ten Confederate prisoners were executed at Macon by order of General Merrill.
October 18, 1862. Ten Confederate prisoners executed at Palmyra by order of General McNeill.
January 8, 1863. ยท Battle at Springfield between the forces of General Mar- maduke and General E. B. Brown.
April 26, 1863.
Battle at Cape Girardeau.
August -, 1863. General Jeff. Thompson captured at Pocahontas, Arkan- sas, with his staff.
August 25, 1863. General Thomas Ewing issued his celebrated Order No. II, at Kansas City, Missouri, which is as follows :
HEADQUARTERS DISTRICT OF THE BORDER, KANSAS CITY MO., August 25, 1863.
(General Order No. II.)
First .- All persons living in Cass, Jackson and Bates counties, Missouri, and in that part of Vernon included in this district, except those living within one mile of the limits of Independence, Hickman's Mills, Pleasant Hill and Harrison. ville, and except those in that part of Kaw township, Jackson county, north of Brush Creek and west of the Big Blue, embracing Kansas City and Westport, are hereby ordered to remove from their present places of residence within fifteen days from the date hereof.
Those who, within that time, establish their loyalty to the satisfaction of the commanding officer of the military station nearest their present places of residence, will receive from him certificates stating the fact of their loyalty, and the names of the witnesses by whom it can be shown. All who receive such certificate will be permitted to remove to any military station in this district, or to any part of the State of Kansas, except the counties on the eastern borders of the State. All others shall remove out of this district. Officers commanding companies and detach- ments serving in the counties named, will see that this paragraph is promptly obeyed.
Second .- All grain and hay in the field, or under shelter, in the district from which the inhabitants are required to remove within reach of military stations, after the 9th day of September next, will be taken to such stations and turned over to the proper officer there, and report of the amount so turned over made to district headquarters, specifying the names of all loyal owners and the amount of such produce taken from them. All grain and hay found in such district after the 9th day of September next, not convenient to such stations, will be destroyed.
Third .- The provisions of General Order No. 10, from these headquarters,
46
HISTORY OF MISSOURI.
will at once be vigorously executed by officers commanding in the parts of the district, and at the stations not subject to the operations of paragraph First of this Order-and especially in the towns of Independence, Westport and Kansas City. Fourth -Paragraph 3, General Order No. 10, is revoked as to all who have borne arms against the government in the district since August 20, 1863.
By order of Brigadier-General Ewing.
H. HANNAHS, Adjutant.
October 12-13, Battle of Arrow Creek.
January, 1864, General Rosecrans takes command of the Department. September, 1864, Battle at Pilot Knob, Harrison and Little Morceau River. October 5, 1864, Battle at Prince's Ford and James Gordon's farm.
October 8, 1864, Battle at Glasgow.
October 20, 1864, Battle at Little Blue Creek.
September 27, 1864, Massacre at Centralia, by Captain Bill Anderson.
October 27, 1864, Capt. Anderson killed.
December -, 1864, General Rosecrans relieved, and General Dodge ap- pointed to succeed him.
Nothing occurred specially; of a military character, in the State after Decem- ber, 1864. We have, in the main, given the facts as they occurred without com- ment or entering into details. Many of the minor incidents and skirmishes of the war have been omitted because of our limited space.
It is utterly impossible, at this date, to give the names and dates of all the battles fought in Missouri during the civil war .. It will be found, however, that the list given below, which has been arranged for convenience, contains the prominent battles and skirmishes which took place within the State :
Potosi, May 14, 1861.
Boonville, June 17, 1861.
Carthage, July 5, 1861.
Monroe Station, July 10, 1861.
Overton's Run, July 17, 1861.
Dug Spring, August 2, 1861.
Wilson's Creek, August 9, 1861.
Athens, August 5, 1861.
Moreton, August 20, 1861.
Bennett's Mills, September -, 1861.
Drywood Creek, September 7, 1861. Norfolk, September 10, 1861.
Lexington, September 12-20, 1861.
Blue Mills Landing, September 17, 1861.
Glasgow Mistake, September 20, 1861.
Osceola, September 25, 1861.
Shanghai, Oct. 13, 1861.
Lebanon, Oct. 13, 1861.
Linn Creek, Oct. 15, 1861.
Big River Bridge, Oct. 15, 1861.
Fredericktown, Oct. 21, 1861. Springfield, Oct. 25, 1861. Belmont, Nov. 7, 1861.
Piketon, Nov. 8, 1861.
Little Blue, Nov. 10, 1861.
Clark's Station, Nov. 11, 1861. Zion Church, Dec. 28, 1871.
Silver Creek, Jan. 15, 1862. New Madrid, Feb. 28, 1862. Pea Ridge, March 6, 1862.
Neosho, April 22, 1862.
Rose Hill, July 10, 1862.
Chariton River, July 30, 1862.
Cherry Grove, June -, 1862.
Pierces Mill, June -, 1862.
Florida, July 22, 1862.
Moore's Mill, July 28, 1862. Kirksville, Aug. 6, 1862.
Compton's Ferry, Aug 8, 1862.
Yellow Creek, Aug. 13, 1862.
Independence, Aug. 11, 1862.
Lone Jack, Aug, 16, 1862. Newtonia, Sept. 13, 1862. Springfield, Jan. 8, 1863.
Cape Girardeau, April 29, 1863.
Arrow Rock, Oct. 12 and 13, 1863.
Pilot Knob, Sept. - , 1864. Harrison, Sept. - , 1864.
Moreau River, Oct. 7, 1864. Prince's Ford, Oct. 5, 1864. Glasgow, Oct. 8, 1864.
Little Blue Creek, Oct. 20, 1864. Albany, Oct. 27, 1864.
Near Rocheport, Sept. 23, 1864. Centralia, Sept. 27, 1864.
47
HISTORY OF MISSOURI.
CHAPTER IX.
EARLY MILITARY RECORD.
Black Hawk War-Mormon Difficulties-Florida War-Mexican War.
On the 14th day of May, 1832, a bloody engagement took place between the regular forces of the United States, and a part of the Sacs, Foxes, and Winneba- goe Indians, commanded by Black Hawk and Keokux, near Dixon's Ferry in Illinois.
The Governor (John Miller) of Missouri, fearing these savages would invade the soil of his State, ordered Major-General Richard Gentry to raise one thou- sand volunteers for the defense of the frontier. Five companies were at once raised in Boone county, and in Callaway, Montgomery, St. Charles, Lincoln, Pike, Marion, Ralls, Clay and Monroe other companies were raised.
Two of these companies, commanded respectively by Captain John Jaimison, of Callaway, and Captain David M. Hickman, of Boone county, were mustered into service in July for thirty days, and put under command of Major Thomas W. Conyers.
This detachment, accompanied by General Gentry, arrived at Fort Pike on the 15th of July, 1832. Finding that the Indians had not crossed the Mississippi into Missouri, General Gentry returned to Columbia, leaving the fort in charge of Major Conyers. Thirty days having expired, the command under Major Con- yers was relieved by two other companies under Captains Sinclair Kirtley, of Boone, and Patrick Ewing, of Callaway. This detachment was marched to Fort Pike by Col. Austin A. King, who conducted the two companies under Major Conyers home. Major Conyers was left in charge of the fort, where he remained till September following, at which time the Indian troubles, so far as Missouri was concerned, having all subsided, the frontier forces were mustered out of service.
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