USA > North Carolina > A syllabus of North Carolina history, 1584-1876 > Part 4
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XLIII. CONSTITUTIONAL CONTROVERSIES UNDER JOSIAH MARTIN, 1771-1775
1. Previous life and character of Martin.
2. The Financial Issue (1771 and 1773).
a. The poll tax and excise.
1. Origin and purpose.
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2. Repealed by the Assembly of 1771; Martin's veto.
3. The tax set aside by resolution of the Assem- bly but collection ordered by the governor.
4. Dissolution of the Assembly.
b. Repetition of the controversy in 1773.
c. Failure to collect the tax.
3. The South Carolina Boundary.
a. The existing line in 1763.
b. Martin's instructions.
c. The Assembly of 1771 refuses appropriation to con- tinue the line.
d. Martin's Commission; the Assembly refuses to pay expenses.
4. The Court Controversy (1773).
a. Review of previous conflicts concerning courts.
b. Instructions of Governor Martin concerning attach- ment of foreign debtor's property.
c. The court bill of 1773 and the attachment clause; amendments of the Council; rejected by the House; veto of Martin; prorogation of the As- sembly ; second session and dissolution.
d. Prerogative Courts; Temporary court law of 1774. 5. Significance of the Controversies.
a. Deadlock between the Governor, Council, and the House.
b. The Administration of Justice crippled.
c. The leaders of the House drawn into the revolu- tionary movement.
1. Visit of Josiah Quincey (C. R. IX, 610, 612).
2. The Committee of Correspondence (Nov., 1773).
6. Martin and the Regulators.
REFERENCES : Ashe, 396-414; Sikes, Transition of North Carolina from Colony to Commonwealth, pp. 1-35; (Johns Hopkins Studies, Series, XVI, Nos. X, XI) ; Connor, Cornelius Harnett, pp. 68-81, and John Harvey, (Booklet, July, 1908) ; Raper, North Carolina, A Study in English Colonial Government, passim.
SOURCES : Colonial Records, Vol. IX, passim.
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XLIV. THE RISE OF THE REVOLUTION ORGANI- ZATION AND THE FIRST PROVINCIAL CONGRESS
1. England and the Colonies in 1774.
2. The Movement for a Convention.
a. Governor Martin decides not to call another Assembly.
b. Plans of Harvey, Samuel Johnston, Edward Bun- combe, etc.
c. The Committee of Correspondence endorses the idea of a Continental Congress.
d. The Wilmington Meeting and the call of the Gen- eral Convention (C. R. IX, 1016).
3. The Response of the Counties.
a. Meetings to elect Deputies in all counties except Edgecombe, Guilford, Hertford, Surrey, and Wake).
b. The resolutions and their political theories (C. R. IX 1024-1027; 1031-1041).
4. Work of the First Provincial Congress (Convention). August, 1774.
a. Delegates to the First Continental Congress.
b. Resolutions denouncing the British Policy toward the Colonists and endorsing Non-Importation.
c. Local Committees authorized.
d. Provisions for a Second Convention.
5. Results; Activity of the Committees of Safety.
a. Resistance to the use of tea in Edenton and Wil- mington.
b. Non-importation enforced.
c. Militia organized.
REFERENCES : Ashe, 417-427; Sikes, Transition of North Carolina from Colony to Commonwealth, pp. 35-41; Pittman, The Provincial Congresses, (Booklet, October, 1902); Connor, Cornelius Harnett 81-83, idem; John Harvey, (Booklet, July, 1908).
SOURCES : Colonial Records, Vol. IX, passim.
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XLV. THE SECOND PROVINCIAL CONGRESS (CON- VENTION) AND THE COLAPSE OF THE ROYAL GOVERNMENT
1. Aim.
2. The Last Assembly under the Crown (April, 1775).
a. Relation of members to the Convention.
b. Governor Martin's proclamation against illegal bodies; reply of the Assembly.
c. Endorsement of the Continental Association.
d. Dissolution by Martin.
3. Work of the second Provincial Congress (April, 1775).
a. Adopts the Association of the Continental Cong- ress.
b. Re-elects Hooper Hewes and Caswell to the Con- tinental Congress.
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c. Recommendation on manufactures; the right of petition.
4. Flight of Governor Martin.
a. News of the Battle of Lexington in North Carolina (Edenton, May 3; May 8th, Wilmington).
b. Military Companies organized.
c. Governor Martin retires to Fort Johnson on the Cape Fear.
5. Activity of the Local Committees of Safety.
a. The Mecklenburg Resolve of May 31, 1775; Prior- ity in organizing government independent of the Crown.
b. Military preparations in Rowan.
c. The Tryon County Association (C. R. X, 163).
d. The Pitt County Resolves (C. R. X, 61).
VI. Results.
a. Collapse of the Royal Administration.
b. Rise of the Revolutionary Organization.
REFERENCES : Ashe, pp. 432-462; Sikes, Transition from Colony to Commonwealth, 38-41; Hoyt, Mecklenburg Declaration of Indepen- dence; Whitaker, Provincial Council and Committees of Safety in North Carolina (James Sprunt Historical Monographs, No. 8) ; Jones, Defense of the Revolutionary Record of North Carolina; Conner, Cornelius Harnett, 127-142.
SOURCES : Colonial Records, Vol. X; Hoyt, The Papers and Corres- pondence of Archibald DeBow Murphey, II. 196-202.
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XLVI. THE CONFLICT OF INTERESTS AND THE THIRD CONGRESS
1. Basis of the Loyalist Sentiment in North Carolina.
a. The official class.
b. The Highland Scotch and recent settlers.
c. The Regulators.
2. Early Loyalist Activities.
a. Addresses from Rowan, Surrey, and Anson counties (C. R. IX, 1160-1167).
b. Military organization in Anson.
c. Governor Martin on the Cape Fear; plans for the invasion and the co-operation of Loyalists.
3. Armed Resistance by the Patriots of the Cape Fear.
a. The New Hanover Association of June 20th; adopted in Duplin, Onslow, Bladen, and Bruns- wick (C. R. X, 25-26).
b. The seizure of Fort Johnston (July 18, 1775).
4. The Third Congress (Hillsboro, August, 1775; C. R. X, 164-220).
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a. Congress vs. Convention : new features in organiza- tion.
b. Conciliation of the disaffected.
c. Rejects the proposed plan of General Confederation.
d. Military plans.
e. A Permanent Revolutionary Organization.
1. The Provincial Council.
2. The Committees of Safety, District and County ; Delegates to the Continental Con- gress.
g. Financial policy.
REFERENCES : Ashe, 463-487; Sikes, Transition from Colony to Com- monwealth, 42-55; Pittman, Revolutionary Congresses (Booklet, Vol., II, No. 6) ; Whitaker, Provincial Council and Committees of Safety; Waddell, History of New Hanover County.
XLVII. EARLY MILITARY ACTIVITIES
1. The Snow Campaign (December, 1775).
a. Mission of the Continental Congress to the Chero- kees and Creeks ; gifts seized by the "Scovellites" of South Carolina.
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b. The Campaign of Alexander Martin.
2. Aid to Virginia.
a. Colonel Robert Howe.
3. The Cape Fear Campaign.
a. Governor Martin secures support on the Cape Fear and in the West.
b. Organization of Loyalists by McLean and Mac- Donald.
c. Rendezvous at Cross Creek (Feb. 12, 1776).
d. The march on Wilmington ; Battle of Moore's Creek Bridge (Feb. 27).
e. Significance of the result.
1. Invasion checked.
2. Revolutionary cause strengthened.
3. Issue of Independence (Hooper's letter ; Ashe, pp. 507-8).
4. Rutherford's Expedition against the Cherokees.
REFERENCES : Ashe, pp. 487-491 ; 496-505; 510-512; Noble, Battle of Moore's Creek Bridge, (Booklet, Vol. III, Publication of the North Carolina Historical Commission, Vol. I, pp. 215-238) ; Foote, Sketches of N. C .; Swain, The British Invasion of 1776, (Cooke Revolutionary History of N. C.) ; McLean, Flora MacDonald in America.
SOURCES : Colonial Records, Vol. X, passim.
XLVIII. FOURTH PROVINCIAL CONGRESS: FIRST INSTRUCTION FOR INDEPENDENCE
1. The Instruction for Independence.
a. Causes.
1. The rise of the Loyalists.
2. The attempted invasion.
3. Need for better military system.
4. Question of Foreign Alliances.
b. The Committee on Usurpations and Violence; its report adopted April 12, 1776 (C. R. X, 512).
c. North Carolina's priority ; action of other colonies prior to April 12.
2. Treatment of Loyalists.
3. New Military Organization.
a. The four Continental battalions.
b. The militia.
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4. The Problem of a State Constitution.
a. Factions.
b. Plan proposed by the Committee rejected.
c. New temporary plan of government ; the Council of Safety.
REFERENCES : Ashe, 512-531; Connor, Cornelius Harnett, ch. VIII; (idem), North Carolina's Priority in the Demand for Independence, (South Atlantic Quarterly, July, 1909), idem; Joseph Hewes and the Declaration of Independence, (North Carolina Review, December, 1909; Booklet, January, 1911); Sikes, Transition from Colony to Commonwealth, 58-65.
SOURCES : Colonial Records, Vol. X.
XLIX. THE FIFTH CONGRESS AND THE FIRST STATE CONSTITUTION
1. The Factions and the Elections.
2. Organization.
a. Method of voting.
b. Committtee on the Constitution.
3. Precedents and Guides for framing a Constitution.
a. The Mecklenburg and Orange instructions (C. R. X, 870-115).
b. The constitutions of Virginia, Deleware, Maryland, and Pennsylvania.
c. The Letter and Works of John Adams.
4. Report of the Committee on a Constitution.
a. The Bill of Rights.
b. The Constitution proper.
1. The executive.
2. The legislative.
3. The Judiciary.
4. Suffrage.
5. Religion.
5. Nature of the Constitution. .
a. Influence of other State Constitutions.
b. . Influence of Colonial politics.
c. Compromises.
d. Deficiencies.
REFERENCES : Ashe, ch. XXXII; Sikes, Transition from Colony to Commonwealth, ch. III; Sikes, Our First State Constitution, (Booklet,
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October, 1907) ; Jones, Defense of the Revolutionary History of N. C., ch. 13; Nash, The Constitution of 1776 and Its Makers, (James Sprunt Historical Publication, Vol. XI, No. 2).
SOURCES : Colonial Records, Vol. X; McRee, Life and Letters of James Iredell, Vol. I. Debates in the Convention of 1835, passim.
L. THE INVASION OF 1780-81. I.
1. Causes of the Invasion of the South 1778-1783.
a. Failure of the war in the North.
b. The French Alliance; Reconciliation rejected.
c. Southern products a resource of the Confederation.
d. Loyalists.
2. Capture of Charleston, 1780.
a. Fate of the North Carolina troops.
3. Cornwallis' First Invasion.
a. Rally of the Loyalists by Patrick Ferguson.
b. New draft of North Carolina Militia; Continentals under Gates.
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c. Ramsour's Mill, Colson's Mill, Rocky Mount, Hang- ing Rock.
d. Battle of Camden (August 14, 1780).
e. Cornwallis at Charlotte; Governor Martin.
4. The Battle of King's Mountain.
a. Ferguson's pursuit of Robertson, Shelby, and Mc- Dowell.
b. Rally of the mountain men; leaders.
c. The march and the battle; results.
d. King's Mountain Controversies.
REFERENCES : Ashe, 608-624; 629-636; Draper, King's Mountain and its Heroes; Boyd, Battle of King's Mountain (Booklet, April, 1909) ; Shenck, North Carolina 1780-81, (chs. I-II) ; Roosevelt, Winning of the West, II, ch. IX; Graham, General Joseph Graham and His Revo- lutionary Papers, pp. 211-283; Graham ,The British Invasion of 1780- 1781, (Cooke, Revolutionary History of North Carolina) ; De Peyster, The affair at King's Mountain (Magazine of American History, Vol. V.
SOURCES : Henry, King's Mountain Narrative (Papers of the Trinity College Historical Society, Series III) ; see following section.
LI. THE INVASION OF 1780-81. II.
1. Recuperation.
a. Militia.
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b. The Board of War.
c. General Greene and Daniel Morgan.
d. Battle of Cowpens.
2. Cornwallis' Second Invasion.
a. Retreat of Morgan and Greene; rout.
b. Pursuit of Cornwallis.
1. Race for the Dan River.
c. Cornwallis at Hillsboro.
d. Return of Greene; Battle of Guilford Courthouse.
1. Outline of the battle.
2. Controversies.
3. The Guilford Battle Ground Association.
e. Retreat of Cornwallis.
3. The Tory War.
a. Major Craig on the Cape Fear.
b. David Fanning in the West.
c. Battle of Elizabethtown.
d. Capture of Governor Burke.
e. General Rutherford's Campaign.
REFERENCES : Ashe, 638-643 : 648-670 : 676-703; Shenck, North Caro- lina, 1780-81, ch. IV-VII; Graham, The British Invasion of 1780-81, (Cooke Revolutionary History of N. C .; ) Graham, General Joseph Graham, 284-377; Caruthers, The Old North State (Series I, and II) ; Hamilton, Thomas Burke (Booklet, October, 1906) ; idem, Abner Nash, (N. C. Review, June, 1910) ; Schenck, North Carolina, 1780-81, (passim) ; Lossing, Field Book of the Revolution; Stevens, The Clin- ton-Cornwallis Controversy; Greene, Life of Daniel Morgan; Johnston, Life of Nathaniel Greene; Schenck, North Carolina, 1780-81.
SOURCES : Lee, Memoir of the War in the Southern Department; Tarleton, History of the Campaign of 1780-81; Clinton, Narrative of the Campaign of 1781 in North Carolina; idem, Observations on Earl Cornwallis Answer; Cornwallis, Answer to Sir Henry Clinton's Narrative of the Campaign of 1781. Fanning, David, Adventures in North Carolina, (S. R. XXII, p. 180,) ; Hoyt, The Papers of Archbald DeBow Murphey, I, 190-191; 203-204; 369-374; II, 254-311; 389-400; 405-408.
LII. POLITICAL PROBLEMS OF THE REVOLUTION, I FINANCES
1. Chief features of Revolutionary Finance.
a. Paper money.
b. Taxation and Administration of the Revenue dur- ing the Revolution.
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c. Sinking of Continental currency.
d. Continental requisitions.
2. Paper Money.
a, $125,000 in 1774; relation to old currency ; redemp- tion tax.
b. $1,250,000 in 1776; redemption tax.
c. $2,125,000 in 1778; no redemption tax.
d. $3,100,000 in 1780; no redemption tax.
e. Depreciation; redemption taxes of 1774 and 1776 repealed in 1781; counterfeiting.
3. The Certificates.
4. Taxation.
a. Colonial precedents.
b. Return of poll taxes collected in 1771 (1774).
c. Tax Laws of 1778, 1781, 1782.
1. General property.
2. Poll.
3. Increase of tax rate with depreciation of cur- rency.
4. Products accepted.
5. The Continental Obligations.
a. Funding the Continenetal money.
1. $248,139.83 (1775).
2. $250,000 (1777).
b. The requisitions (1779-1783).
1. Amount levied.
2. Amount paid.
3. Balance.
4. The Continental Debt.
c. The Continental Loan Office.
6. Administration of the Revenue.
a. Assessment and collection.
b. The Treasurers.
c. Board of Auditors (1780) ; Ten boards of auditors (1782).
d. The Treasurer and Comptroller (1784).
REFERENCES : Bullock, Essays in the Monetary System of the United States, Part II, ch. 3; Stubbs, Financial Side of the Revolution in North Carolina (N. C. Review, July-December, 1910) ; Ashe, Vol. I, passim.
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SOURCES : Laws of North Carolina, State Records, Vol. XXIV, 1777-1788; State Records Vols. XI-XIX, passim.
LIII. POLITICAL PROBLEMS OF THE REVOLU- TION, II
MILITARY SUPPORT
1. The Continental Battalions.
a. The nine battalions of 1775-1776.
b. The tenth battalion, 1777.
c. Deficiency in enlistment; bounties ; desertions.
d. The four new battalions of 1781 ; drafting.
e. Miscellaneous artillery and cavalry organizations.
f. Service in the North (Brandywine, Germantown, Stony Point).
2. The Militia.
3. Numbers.
a. Continental enlistment.
b. Militia.
4. Relations to Continental Congress.
a. Appointment of officers (Sec. 14, State Consti- tution).
b. Assertions of sovereignty over State troops.
REFERENCES : Ashe, 719-722; Davis, North Carolina's part in the Revolution, (South Atlantic Quarterly, Vol. II, No. 4, Vol. III, Nos. I and 2); King, Military Organizations of North Carolina during the Revolution, (Booklet, Vol. VIII, No. 1).
LIV. POLITICAL PROBLEMS OF THE REVOLU- TION, III
THE LOYALISTS
1. Sources of Loyalist sentiment.
2. Numbers.
3. Periods of Activity.
4. Legislation against Loyalists.
a. Treason and the misprision of treason.
b. Confiscation.
c. Banishment.
5. The Loyalists and the Courts (Bayard vs. Singleton).
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REFERENCES : Sabine, Biographical Sketches of Loyalists of the American Revolution, passim; Van Tyne, The Loyalists of the Ameri- can Revolution ; Ashe, History of North Carolina, I, passim.
SOURCES : Laws of North Carolina, (See Index of Iredell's Digest under Confiscation, Treason, and Misprision of Treason) ; Supreme Court Reports, Vol. I; Carr, The Dickson Letters.
LV. POLITICAL PROBLEMS OF THE NEW COMMONWEALTH
1. State Currency.
a. Revival of specie.
b. The currency of 1783-1785.
1. Standard.
2. Redemption.
c. Redemption of the Revolutionary currency ; table of depreciation.
d. The tobacco scandal.
2. The Certificates.
. a. Redemption tax; public lands.
b. Frauds in settlements of army accounts.
3. The Continental Debt.
4. Finances an issue in State politics.
5. The Confiscated Property.
a. Summary of legislation.
b. The Treaty of Peace.
c. Interpretations of the courts.
6. The Judiciary.
a. The court system.
b. Personnel.
c. Decisions on finances and confiscation.
d. The political issue (McRee's Iredell II, 145-149).
7. The Transmontane Lands.
a. The Military Reservation (Laws of 1780, State Records, Vol. XXIV, pp. 337, 419; 1783, p. 478).
b. Reserve for redemption of paper money.
c. Western lands and federal politics.
1. The Continental Debt.
2. Proposed reforms in the Revenue; Requi- sitions ; the Impost; Direct Taxes; Cession of Western Lands.
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d. The First Act of Cession 1784 (State Records, XXIV, p. 361).
1. Objections (State Records XVII 94, XIX, 712-714; XXIV 361-363).
2. Repeal.
3. Final Act of Cession.
e. Subsequent land controversies with Tennessee.
REFERENCES : Bullock, Essays in the Monetary History of the United States, pp. 193-200; Battle, History of the Supreme Court of North Carolina (Supreme Court Reports, Vol. 103) ; Sioussat, The North Carolina Session of 1784 and its Federal Aspects (Proceedings of the Mississippi Valley Historical Association 1908-1909.)
SOURCES : Laws of North Carolina; State Records, Vols. XVI-XX, passim; McRee, Life and Letters of James Iredell, Vol. II; Hoyt, Papers of Archibald DeBow Murphey I, 28-29; 89-90; 176-177 241 et seq; II, 320-332.
LVI. THE STATE OF FRANKLIN
1. Reasons for Separation from North Carolina.
a. Social and economic and political cleavage.
b. The Ordinance of 1784.
c. The North Carolina Cession of 1784.
2. Organization of the New State.
a. The Conventions and the Constitution.
b. The Legislature and the Laws.
3. Problems of the New State.
a. Territorial.
b. The Mississippi.
c. Membership in the Confederation.
4. Relations with North Carolina.
a. Repeal of the Cession of 1784.
b. North Carolina sovereignty reasserted.
c. Parties; Sevier and Tipton.
d. Conflicts, judicial and physical.
5. Reconciliation under Governor Caswell.
REFERENCES : Phelan, History of Tennessee, chs. X, XI, XII; Cald- well, Constitutional History of Tennessee, ch. 3; Haywood, Civil and Political History of Tennessee, ch. VI; Ramsay, Annals of Tennessee, Alden, The State of Franklin (American Historical Review, Vol. VIII, pp. 271-289) ; Boyd, Early Relations of North Carolina and the West
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(Booklet, January, 1908) ; Ashe, State of Franklin, (North Carolina Review, December, 1910-January, 1911); Fitch, State of Franklin (ibid, November, 1910) ; Turner, Life of General John Sevier.
SOURCES : State Records, Vol. XXII.
LVII. NORTH CAROLINA AND THE FEDERAL CONSTITUTION
1. Parties and Issues.
a. Radical Democracy.
1. Willie Jones.
b. Conservatives.
1. Samuel Johnston.
2. North Carolina Delegates in the Constitutional Convention.
a. Instructions.
b. Changes in personnel.
c. Activity in the Convention.
3. The Constitution before the People.
a. Federalist leaders; Johnston, Iredell, Maclaine, Davie.
b. The Anti-Federalists : Jones, Bloodworth, Caldwell, Spencer.
c. Process of ratification in the States to July, 1788.
4. The State Convention at Hillsboro, July, 1788.
a. How convened.
b. The Anti-Federalist majority : procedure.
c. Objections to the Constitution ; its defense.
d. Failure to raitfy : the proposed Bill of Rights and Amendments.
5. The Reaction in favor of Ratification.
a. Ratification of New York; position of N. C. and Rhode Island.
b. Federalism and State's Rights.
c. The State Convention at Fayetteville (April, 1789).
7. Social and Political Factors in North Carolina's Attitude toward the Constitution.
a. Individualism.
b. Lack of unity.
c. Problems of Confiscation.
d. Financial policy.
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REFERENCES : Wagstaff, State Rights and Political Parties in North Carolina, 14-31, (Johns Hopkins Studies, Series XXIV, Nos. 7, 8) ; Raper, Why North Carolina at First Refused to Ratify the Federal Constitution, (Reports of the American Historical Association, 1905, Vol. I,) ; Best, The Adoption of the Federal Constitution in N. C., (Papers of the Trinity College Historical Society, Series V) ; Connor, H. G., The Convention of 1788-89 and the Federal Constitution, (Book- let, August, 1904) ; Hamilton, William R. Davie, (James Sprunt Mono- graphs, No. 7); Connor, (R. D. W.), Samuel Johnston, (Booklet, April, 1912) ; Connor, H. G., James Iredell, (Booklet, ibid) ; Person- nel of the North Carolina Convention of 1788 (Publications of the Southern History Association III, No. 2.)
SOURCES : Elliott's Debates in the Federal Constitution, Vol. IV, (Debates in the Hillsboro Convention) ; McRee, Life and Corres- pondence of James Iredell, Vol. II, passim; State Records Vol. XXII, (Journal of the Fayetteville Convention) ; The Papers of Archbald D. Murphy, I, 204-205.
LVIII. POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT (1790-1800) I.
1. The Political parties and leaders. 1
a. Federalists and Anti-Federalists.
2. State and Federal Powers.
a. The Legislature and the Oath to support the Consti- tution of the United States.
b. The Superior Court of Law and Equity, District of Edenton, and the Federal Courts.
3. Opposition to the Financial Policy of Alexander Hamilton. c. Iredell's opinion in Chisholm vs. Georgia.
a. Samuel Johnston and Hugh Williamson on Assump- tion of State Debts.
b. The resolutions and instructions of the legislature.
c. The Excise.
d. Division among the Federalists.
4. The Republican Revival.
a. Alexander Martin elected Senator, 1792.
b. Congressional elections, 1793.
c. Rise of Nathaniel Macon.
REFERENCES : Wagstaff, State Rights and Political Parties in North Carolina, pp. 32-38, (Johns Hopkins Studies, Series XXIV, Nos. 7, 8,) idem; Federalism in North Carolina, (James Sprunt Publication, Vol. IX, No. 2) ; Dodd, Life of Nathaniel Macon, passim; Blanchard, North Carolina in the First National Congress; Connor, (H. G.), James Iredell; Connor, (R. D. W.), Samuel Johnston; Nelson, The
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Congressional Career of Nathaniel Macon, (Sprunt Historical Mono- graphs, No. 2).
SOURCES : McRee, Life and Correspondence of James Iredell; The Annals of Congress.
LIX. POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT (1790-1800) II
1. The Federalist Revival of 1798.
a. Causes.
2. The Alien and Sedition Laws ; the Kentucky-Virginia Reso- lutions.
a. Policy of the North Carolina Legislature; influence of Davie.
3. The Elections of 1800.
a. Davie Ambassador to France.
b. Joseph Gales and the Raleigh Register.
c. The Land Tax.
d. Results.
4. The Federalist Party after 1800."
REFERENCES : Wagstaff, State Rights and Political Parties, pp. 36-40, and Federalism in North Carolina, (James Sprunt Historical Publi- cations, Vol. IX, No. 2, pp. 28-43) ; Hamilton, William R. Davie, (James Sprunt Monographs, No. 7.)
SOURCES : Letters of William Barry Grove, (James Sprunt Histori- cal Publication, Vol. IX No. 2) ; McRee, Life and Correspondence of James Iredell, Vol. II, passim ; Letters of Macon, (Sprunt Monograph, No. 3), and Branch Historical Papers, (Randolph Macon College), Vol. III, No. I.
LX. REPUBLICAN POLITICS AND THE WAR OF 1812
1. Nathaniel Macon and the "Quids."
2. Foreign Affairs; the Macon Bills.
3. The Federalist Reaction of 1811.
4. The Electoral law of 1811 and the Presidential Election of 1812.
5. Macon and Gaston on the War of 1812.
6. Revision of Militia Laws; loans of $25,000 and $55,000 (Laws 1813, chs. I, III; 1814, chs. I, III, IV).
7. North Carolina Troops in the War.
8. Prominent North Carolinians in the War; Otway Burns, Johnston Blakeley, Capt. Forsythe.
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REFERENCES : Dodd, Life of Nathaniel Macon, passim; Burns, Cap- tain Otway Burns; Boyd, Nathaniel Macon's Place in North Carolina History, (Papers of the Trinity College Historical Society, Series, IV) ; Connor, Makers of North Carolina History.
SOURCES : Hoyt, The Murphey Papers, I, 35-6, 46-47, 60-63, 77-78, II, 6-12; Letters of Nathaniel Macon (Branch Historical Papers) Annals of Congress.
LXI. STATE PROBLEMS, 1790-1836, I
DEVELOPMENT OF THE JUDICIARY
1. Review of the Colonial Court System.
2. Collapse of the Courts at the Opening of the Revolution.
3. The Court Laws of 1776-77.
a. The Superior Courts; County Courts of Pleas and Quarter Sessions; the Attorney General; the So- licitor General.
b. Unpopularity of the Courts.
c. Revisions in the Court Laws. Ridings (1790) ; Ad- ditional Judges (1790-1805).
4. Genesis of the Supreme Court.
a. Accumulation of Equity Cases.
b. James Glasgow and the Land Frauds.
c. The Extraordinary Court (1799) ; Conviction of Glasgow.
d. The Court of Conference, (1801) ; The Supreme Court (1805) ; Written Decisions Compulsory ; The Chief Justice and Appellate Jurisdiction (1810).
e. The Reorganization of 1818.
5. Opposition to the Supreme Court.
6. Movement to Reform Penal Laws; Imprisonment for Debt; the Penitentiary Idea.
7. Leadership of North Carolina Judges in American Juris- prudence.
REFERENCES : Battle, History of the Supreme Court (N. C. Reports 103) ; Idem, Trial of James Glasgow and the Supreme Court (Booklet, Vol. III, No. 1) ; Clark, The Supreme Court of North Carolina (The Green Bag Vol. IV) ; Corwin, Doctrine of Due Process of Law before the Civil War (Harvard Law Review, March, April, 1911).
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