USA > Nebraska > Buffalo County > Buffalo County, Nebraska, and its people : a record of settlement, organization, progress and achievement, Volume I > Part 3
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BLEW THE BUGLE
It is related that each day an officer and guard were detailed to visit the timber sections of the reservation and see if unauthorized persons were cutting Government timber. It is also related that on such duty, at intervals, the clear notes of a bugle rang out over the islands and the prairie, and hearing the bugle unauthorized wood choppers ceased from their labors while the inspection guard passed by. On return to the fort the officer reported that he saw no one engaged in cutting timber on the reservation, and yet as the years came and went, and before the fort was finally abandoned, the islands of the Platte and the banks of Wood River within the bounds of the reservation were entirely stripped of timber suitable for cordwood or a railroad tie.
It should also be mentioned that this timbered reservation furnished all tim- ber needed for fuel and other purposes at the fort for some twenty-three years.
SERGT. MICHAEL COADY
The name of Sergt. Michael Coady and mention of his deeds is well worthy a place and to be made of record in a history of Buffalo County, although in a legal sense it can hardly be said he was ever a resident of the county. Sergeant Coady was kind and helpful to early settlers in Central Nebraska when kindness on the part of those in authority was appreciated and help needed.
Early settlers could not tell the names of the commanding officers at Fort Kearney, but every man, woman and child knew of Sergeant Coady, that he seemed to exert much authority and that he was a friend to all pioneer settlers.
It will be noted in this history of Buffalo County that Sergeant Coady was active in the reorganization of the county in 1870, and that he was elected and served as county clerk. It is related that when the first elections were held in the reorganized county, the poll books were taken to Fort Kearney, and Sergeant Coady helped to make out the election returns, for the reason that Sergeant Coady was accustomed to making reports, the keeping of records, while the resi- dents of the county were not. It will be noted, in this history, that Michael Coady was a charter member, helped to organize the first I. O. O. F. lodge insti- tuted in the county in 1873. It will also be noted that he was a charter member, and helped to organize the first Masonic lodge in the county in 1873.
Sergeant Coady was of a sociable disposition, and enjoyed a wide acquaintance both in army circles and in the state.
While he was forceful, energetic, a born fighter, he was of a most kindly dis- position. It is related that Sergeant Coady was offered a commission as officer
SCENE ON LAKE KEARNEY-SLEEPY HOLLOW IN THE DISTANCE
1
( Photo by S. D. Buteben)
PICNIC SCENE AT OLD FORT KEARNEY IN 1906
The trees shown were planted when the fort was established in 1848. Beyond the log and counting from the left are: Mrs. Jane Gilmore, Mrs. S. C. Bassett, Mrs. Thomas Kirk. In the center, Moses Sydenham.
"
SERGEANT MICHAEL COADY
A soldier of the Mexican and Civil wars. Served at Foit Kearney. A charter member of the first Masonic and Independent Order of Foresters lodges instituted in Buffalo County. Served as clerk of Buffalo County, 1870-71.
OLD SOLDIERS AT PICNIC AT OLD FORT KEARNEY IN 1906
7
HISTORY OF BUFFALO COUNTY
in the regular army of the United States and declined, giving as his reason that his early advantages and training were such that were he an officer, invited to social functions, his brother officers might feel humiliated, while if not invited he should feel offended.
"Leave me be a sergeant," he is reported to have said, "and I'll be satisfied," and a sergeant to the end of his army days he was.
When, as a military post Fort Kearney was abandoned in 1870, Sergeant Coady was left in command, in charge of the Government property until August, 1874, when he was ordered to take station at Fort Omaha, Neb., where, in addition to his duties as ordnance sergeant, he was postmaster of the fort. After his retirement from the army he remained postmaster at the post until it was abandoned in 1896, when he moved out of the post and settled down, living a quiet life until his death, September 10, 1900.
He was accorded a military funeral with full honors due a commissioned officer.
Michael Coady was born January 1, 1828, in Tipperary, Ireland, and when a small boy emigrated to America. He entered the United States army in 1846, serving through the Mexican war, Rebellion and numerous Indian campaigns.
In 1862 Sergeant Coady was appointed ordnance sergeant, which position he held until he was retired, June 16, 1885.
He was married in July, 1860, at Washington, D. C.
There were born to Mr. and Mrs. Coady five daughters, Julia, Mary, Mar- garet Elizabeth, Anna, and Catherine; three sons, John J., Edward V., and William F. In 1916 his widow and living children were residents of Omaha.
The following is a list of battles in which Sergeant Coady participated :
Palo Alto 1846
Rasaca de la Palma 1846
Monterey 1846
Vera Cruz 1846
Contreras and Cherubusco 1846
Molino del Rey 1846
City of Mexico 1846
Indian campaigns in New Mexico and Texas and the Overland boundary survey, from 1848 to 1860.
BATTLES OF THE REBELLION
First and Second Bull Run 1862
Savage Station .1862
Glen Dale 1862
White Oak Swamp 1862
Glen Mills 1862
Hanover Courthouse 1862
Malvern Hill 1862
Charles City Cross Roads 1862
Mechanicsville 1862
S
HISTORY OF BUFFALO COUNTY
Discharges bear the following characters: "Excellent in every respect. Remarks: His performance of every duty marked by the same faithfulness and zeal which has always characterized him."
Discharges signed by the following officers: Gen. John Gibbon, Dangerfield Parker, John H. King, William P. Carlin, Edwin Pollock and others.
CHAPTER III
BUFFALO COUNTY; HALL COUNTY-IN TERRITORIAL DAYS HALL COUNTY OFFICIALS TRANSACT THE FINANCIAL AFFAIRS OF BUFFALO COUNTY-EQUALIZE ASSESS- MENT OF PROPERTY ; LEVY TAXES; COLLECT TAXES; AUDIT AND PAY CLAIMS AGAINST BUFFALO COUNTY-COPIES OF DUPLICATE TAX RECEIPTS-LIST OF TAX PAYERS IN BUFFALO COUNTY WHO PAID THEIR TAXES TO THE TREASURER OF HALL COUNTY.
BUFFALO COUNTY; HALL COUNTY
While there are records and publications (election returns in the office of the secretary of state, special legislation relating to Buffalo County, a proclamation in the office of the governor, copies of the Huntsman's Echo in the library of the state historical society) which seem to disclose that there was a county organization in Buffalo County, dating possibly from the year 1855, quite certainly from the year 1858, and that a complete list of county officials were elected in and for Buffalo County, and while these officers doubtless did on occasions act in an official capacity, yet there are no county records of Buffalo County of an earlier date than the year 1870, and so far as the writer has knowledge, the only records relating to the conduct of county business in Buffalo County previous to 1870 are the county records of Hall County. The county records of Hall County date from 1858, the year the county was organized, and these records seem to disclose that while the political existence of Buffalo County was recognized, that the county business of and for Buffalo County was transacted by the officials of Hall County. It appears that the county commissioners of Hall County audited and allowed the claim of the assessor of property in Buffalo County and ordered the same paid out of the general fund of Buffalo County. It appears that the commissioners of Hall County equalized the assessment of property in Buffalo County at the same meeting as was equalized the assessment of property of Hall County, and then proceeded to make the levy of taxes in and for Buffalo County. It appears from records in the treasurer's office of Hall County that taxpayers in Buffalo County paid their taxes to the treasurer of Hall County, who issued receipts therefor, the duplicate tax receipt showing it was for taxes due Buffalo County.
The proceedings of the county commissioners of Hall County disclose that when a term of court was held at Grand Island, the expense of said term of court was paid out of the general fund of both Hall and Buffalo counties. In considering this matter it should be kept in mind that in territorial days in Nebraska, there were but few people residing in either Buffalo or Hall County;
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HISTORY OF BUFFALO COUNTY
that there was but little county business to transact ; that lands were not taxable and that the value of the personal property to be taxed was small. In Buffalo County it appears that the value of all property for taxation purposes in the year 1867, was $22,520, on which the commissioners of Hall County levied a tax of six (6) mills on the dollar, the total county tax amounting to $135.12. In the year 1868 it appears that the value of all property in Buffalo County for purposes of taxation was $12,448, on which the commissioners of Hall County levied a tax of six (6) mills on the dollar for county general fund and three (3) mills for county sinking fund; from this levy the total tax paid into the county general fund would be $74.69, and into the sinking fund $37.34. It appears that all the tax levied was for the county general fund, no levy being made for school, road, bridge or poor fund purposes.
From the proceedings of the county commissioners of Hall County are copied the following items as relating to the county business of Buffalo County :
"Date, July 1, 1867.
"Total valuation of property in Buffalo County, $22,520.
"Voted to levy a tax of six (6) mills on the dollar."
"Date, January 6, 1868.
"Claim of Wm. Eldridge for services as assessor in Buffalo County, $9 (three days at $3 per day) allowed and ordered paid out of general fund of Buffalo County."
"Date, April 20, 1868.
"Commissioners' proceedings show one precinct in Buffalo County."
"Date July 6, 1868.
"Total valuation of Buffalo County, $12,448.
"Voted to levy six (6) mills on the dollar for county general fund.
"Voted to levy three (3) mills on the dollar for county sinking fund." "Date December 8, 1868.
"Buffalo County and Hall County to pay from the general fund of each county, to pay in proportion :
Rent holding district court
$100.00
Boarding jurors 24.00
Advertising in Fremont Tribune. 4.00
Sheriff fees
31.00
John Jones, services as bailiff. 6.00
Total for term. $165.00"
A duplicate tax receipt in the office of the treasurer of Hall County shows that James E. Boyd, of Buffalo County, paid of taxes for the year 1868:
State general fund $ 1.60 .80
State sinking fund
State school fund
1.20
County general fund 4.80
County sinking fund 2.40
Total
$10.80
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HISTORY OF BUFFALO COUNTY
A duplicate tax receipt in the office of the treasurer of Hall County shows that Thomas K. Wood, of Buffalo County, paid of taxes for the year 1869:
State general fund $0.32
State sinking fund
.19
State school fund .29
State university .19
County general fund
I.II
County sinking fund
.18
Dog
2.00
Total
$4.28
A duplicate tax receipt shows that Wesley Folsom, of Buffalo County, paid of taxes for the year 1868, $21.08.
John O'Connell, 1868, $5.95.
The following communication from W. G. Partridge, deputy county treasurer of Hall County, gives a list of taxpayers in Buffalo County for the year 1867, · the assessed value of their porperty and the amount of tax paid by each ; it will be noted the rate of taxation was approximately ten mills on the dollar valuation (.0105).
"Grand Island, Nebr., November 22, 1915.
"S. C. Bassett, Gibbon, Nebr.
"Dear sir: After you were here a few days ago, I hunted through our vault and found the Tax List for 1867 for Buffalo County, and am giving you below, the names-valuation-taxes-date paid.
Value
Amount
Beach, D. W.
$1,080.00
$11.34
Paid March 17, 1868 Gone
May 7, 1868
Boyd, Jos.
600.00
6.30
May 7, 1868
Champlain, D. R ..
750.00
7.88
March 21, 1868
Dugdale, Hy (Henry)
940.00
9.87
Eddy, C.
715.00
7.52
Estey, Wm.
1,140.00
II.97
May 9, 1868
Gardner, G. G ..
650.00
6.83
June 24, 1868
Johnson, C. S.
475.00
5.00
March 21, 1868
Myers, A ..
425.00
4.47
Oliver, Ed.
335.00
3.52
Oliver, Sarah
540.00
5.67
Statts & Wilson.
3,760.00
39.48
May 14, 1868
Thomas, Wm. D.
2,800.00
29.40
May 18, 1868
Tague, Thos.
355.00
3.74
Teats, J. H.
650.00
6.82
May 1, 1868 Gone
Williams, A. J.
825.00
8.67
February 24, 1868
"The above is a correct list of the taxes for Buffalo County according to the assessors return, to the best of my knowledge and belief.
"FRED EVANS, County Clerk.
"WM. H. PLATT, Deputy.
-
Britt, Jno.
I 50.00
Boyd, Jas. E.
6,830.00
71.72
March 21, 1868 Gone
April 20, 1868 Paid March 21, 1868
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HISTORY OF BUFFALO COUNTY
"If you wish the next year or two following this, I think I can find it for you.
"Yours truly, "W. G. PARTRIDGE, "Deputy County Treasurer."
Map showing boundaries of Buffalo County as defined when the county was created by act of Territorial Legislature, approved March 14, 1855. At that date no other county in the territory bordered on Buffalo County.
Those interested in the early history of Buffalo County will find the follow- ing references of much value.
(Note-The accompanying map and references are kindly contributed by Mr. E. L. Sayre, Sr., Stapleton, Nebr.)
References : Session laws of Nebraska Territory for 1859.
Page 193-Ferry across Platte River at Kearney City to Alonzo D. Luce and Theadore H. Dodd.
Page 141-Creation of Kearney County.
Page 142-Creation of Dawson County.
Page 203-Mill dam across Wood River in Hall County.
Page 166-To incorporate Kearney City in Kearney County.
Pages 207-8 and 218-Relative to Pawnee Indian depredations.
Page 219-Relative to navigation of Platte River to New Fort Kearney.
Session laws of Nebraska Territory for 1861 :
Page 107-Election district in Hall, Buffalo, Kearney and Lincoln counties. Session laws of 1865 :
Page 69-Election of assessor in Buffalo and other counties.
Statutes of Nebraska, 1867, compiled by E. Estabrook :
Page 710-To continue organization in Buffalo County.
MAP OF BUFFALO COUNTY Courtesy of H. A. Webbert. Kearney
Map showing townships, ranges, names of townships, names of towns, loca- tion of rivers, location of railroads, number, and location of school districts in Buffalo County.
Issued from the office of County Superintendent J. S. Elliott for the school year 1914-1915.
NEW CHANGES OF BOUNDARY NOT SHOWN ON MAP
SWV14 34-11-18 from District No. 101 to 76. E1/2 of NW1/4, W1/2 of NE1/4 and NE14 of NEJ4 21-11-14 from District 39 to 92. All of District No. 37 attached to District No. 101. E1/2 of NW14 and NW1/4 of NW14 21-11-15 from District No. 66 to 23. SW14 15-12-13 from District No. 91 to 106.
BUFFALO COUNTY, NEBRASKA.
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CHAPTER IV
BOUNDARIES OF BUFFALO COUNTY, ACT OF THE TERRITORIAL L , LEGISLATURE- NEBRASKA CENTRE THE SEAT OF JUSTICE (COUNTY SEAT )-ORIGINAL SURVEY OF THE COUNTY-NEBRASKA CENTRE ITS EXACT LOCATION-CENTRALIA AND NEBRASKA CENTRE PRECINCTS-TERRITORIAL ELECTION HELD IN 1859-POLL- BOOKS AND ELECTION RETURNS- THE EARLY SETTLEMENT IN THE PLATTE VALLEY-DOBYTOWN AND THE FAMOUS TOM KEELER RANCH-DAVID ANDERSON SPENDS THREE DAYS AT TIIE BOYD RANCH-TELLS OF AN ELECTION HELD THERE IN FALL OF 1859-WITNESSES TESTIFY AT CONGRESSIONAL INVESTIGATION AS TO LOCATION OF NEBRASKA CENTRE-LETTER FROM JOSEPH OWEN.
BOUNDARIES OF BUFFALO COUNTY
The County of Buffalo, one of the first eight counties named and boundaries established, was named and its boundaries first defined at the second session of the Territorial Legislature of Nebraska which convened at Omaha, Tuesday, December 18, 1855, at 10 o'clock in the forenoon. Hon. Mark W. Izzard was territorial governor, Benjamine R. Folsom was president of the council and Erastus G. McNeely, chief clerk. The speaker of the House was William Lari- mer, Jr., and Joseph W. Paddock, chief clerk.
The act of the Territorial Legislature providing for the organization of Buffalo County follows :
AN ACT To Organize Buffalo County.
Section 1. Be it enacted by the Council and House of Representatives of the Territory of Nebraska, That all that portion of Territory included in the follow- ing limits, is hereby declared organized into a county to be called Buffalo, com- mencing at a point in the centre of the Platte River, ten miles east from the mouth of Wood River, running thence westward up the southern channel of the Platte, to the mouth of Buffalo Creek, thence north thirty miles-thence east to a point directly north of the place of beginning, thence south to the place of beginning. The seat of justice is hereby located at Nebraska Centre.
Sec. 2. This act to take effect from and after its passage. Approved March 14, 1855.
In a general way it can be said the east line of the county thus established began at a point approximately south of the present City of Grand Island, and the western line of the county was near the present Village of Overton in Dawson County. Later, 1858-1871, the boundaries were changed to conform to the present boundaries.
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14
HISTORY OF BUFFALO COUNTY
ORIGINAL SURVEY OF BUFFALO COUNTY
On the establishment of Fort Kearney in 1848, the war department ordered a military reservation of ten miles square surrounding the fort to be surveyed and established. Accordingly the Fort Kearney military reservation was sur- veyed in 1848, (Morton history), this being the first survey of record in the county, and it appears that the lines thus established were recognized in all future surveys in both Buffalo and Kearney counties. In 1866 the second and third standard township lines in the county were surveyed and established by H. C. F. Hackbusch, the third standard being the present north line of the county and the second standard the line between townships eight (8) and nine (9). In 1866 range lines 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18 were run by George F. McClure. In the same year, 1866, the township and section lines in ranges 13, 14, 15 and 16 were run by Edwin R. Farnsworth and H. C. F. Hackbusch and in 1868 the township and section lines in ranges 17 and 18 were run by W. J. Allason. This completed the original survey of the county.
It will be noted that in the act organizing the county Nebraska Centre is named as the "Seat of Justice," the county seat ; a history of Nebraska Centre somewhat in detail and as near as can be determined its exact location is herewith given :
NEBRASKA CENTRE
In the first published account of Buffalo County, Territory of Nebraska,, mention is made of Nebraska Centre, and in the maps of Central Nebrasand Buffalo County of that date a rather indefinite location is given of Nebraska Centre, which is not to be wondered at, as there had been no official survey made of this portion of the territory, but few people (squatters) resided here and of necessity the hamlet named "Nebraska Centre" could have consisted of only a few log habitations.
It has been generally understood, and the editor of this history has so under- stood and written, that the place known as Nebraska Centre from 1855 to 1860 was from 1860 to 1873 known as Wood River Centre, and from 1873 to date (1916) as Shelton. But such seems not to have been the case. History seems to disclose that Nebraska Centre was located at that point known since about 1860 as "Boyd's Ranch," which, when the lands in the county were surveyed in 1868, can best be described as the southwest one-quarter, section No. 14, town No. 9, range No. 14, now Gibbon Township, Buffalo County. Possibly a descrip- tion, somewhat in detail, of settlements in Buffalo County previous to 1868, when the lands were surveyed and thrown open to settlement, may be of interest to a student of a history of our county. It appears that all travel in the Platte River Valley over the Overland-California-Mormon trail through what is now Buffalo County was south of Wood River. Until the building of the Union Pacific Railroad through the county in 1867 all settlements in the county were south of Wood River and adjacent to the above mentioned trail, and in the eastern portion of the county.
Fort Kearney was established in 1848. It was located on a military reserva- ton ten miles square lying on both sides of the Platte River. The northeast
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HISTORY OF BUFFALO COUNTY
corner of the reservation was on section No. 26, town No. 9, range No. 14, and the northwest corner of the reservation was on section No. 29, town No. 9, range No. 15. The military regulations in force at Fort Kearney did not permit any civilian to live upon the reservation-the ten miles square; in fact, no civilian was permitted to so camp over night. Reference to a map will disclose that the north line of the Fort Kearney Military Reservation was south of the Boyd ranch and less than two miles distant, and hence it was that all travel over the Overland-California-Mormon trail up and down the Platte Valley passed through what might be termed the "door yard" of the Boyd ranch. West of the Boyd ranch Wood River bears towards the north and west, while the above men- tioned trail bore towards the south and west. Also about a mile west of the Boyd ranch, and south of Wood River, begins a low bluff, extending westward between the trail and Wood River, which is doubtless the reason there were few, if any, settlers in the early days along Wood River west of the Boyd ranch, as such settlers would have been distant from and out of sight of the trail traveled by emigrants.
Going west the trail divided at the Boyd ranch, or Nebraska Centre, one trail continuing up the Platte Valley, passing through where is now the City of Kear- ney, the villages of Odessa and Elm Creek. The other trail was to Fort Kearney, some eleven miles distant, being eight miles west and six miles south of the Boyd ranch, and on the south bank of the Platte. Quite naturally there would have been a "ranch," a "center," at the crossing of the Platte opposite Fort Kearney, but as the crossing point was on the military reservation, there could be no "ranch," no "hamlet," at that point.
History seems to disclose that previous to 1860 Nebraska Centre was located at the point later known as Boyd ranch; that it was the county seat of Buffalo County dating from the year 1855, when the county was named and bounded ; that all the travel over the trail, on the north side of the Platte River, passed this point ; that there was here a ranch and store where grain and provisions could be purchased, a saloon, and a "townhouse," where elections were held.
It appears that beginning with the year 1860 Wood River Centre became a center of recognized importance in Buffalo County, and Nebraska Centre ceased to be known to have a name in Central Nebraska and along the Overland trail. In the year 1858 Joseph E. Johnson located at a point on Wood River named Wood River Centre. In April, 1860, he established a newspaper called the Huntsman's Echo. He established a store, a tintype gallery, a blacksmith shop, a wagon repair shop, and most important of all, in the same year, a postoffice named Wood River Centre, himself as postmaster.
About that time the Western Stage Company extended its stage line from Iowa points through Omaha, up the north valley of the Platte to Fort Kearney, making their first stage station out of Fort Kearney at Wood River Centre on the farm now owned by Joseph Owen, and the station in charge of August Meyer, 110W (1916) living in Shelton.
It appears that beginning with the year 1860 Nebraska Centre ceased to have a legal existence, its name but a memory, and its exact location not with certainty determined by those of us residing in Buffalo County in the year 1916.
In the year 1859 an election for territorial officers was held in Buffalo County,
16
HISTORY OF BUFFALO COUNTY
and to Albert Watkins, historian for the State Historical Society, we are indebted for the returns of said election, including the names of the voters as copied from the poll books. These returns are as follows :
"At an election held in the townhouse of Nebraska Centre, in the Precinct of Nebraska Centre, County of Buffalo, and Territory of Nebraska, on Tuesday, the TIth day of October, 1859, the following named persons received the number of votes annexed to their respective names for the following described offices :
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