History of Carroll County, New Hampshire, Part 62

Author: Merrill, Georgia Drew
Publication date: 1889
Publisher: Boston : W.A. Fergusson & Co.
Number of Pages: 1124


USA > New Hampshire > Carroll County > History of Carroll County, New Hampshire > Part 62


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Academies. - The town will never lose by giving the best of common school education to its boys and girls. At the "deestrict " school many have had started and fed aspirations for something higher. Some of the fathers were themselves college learned, and the first minister and other leading men took a great interest in education. In some towns the parish minister was the only educated man. Not so in Wakefield. College graduates this town had right along. At Dartmouth, Harvard, Bowdoin, and Yale not a few graduates have hailed from Wakefield, not to speak of those other graduates, the sons of other towns, who have entered the bowers of our Edens and carried off the fair daughters of Wakefield.


In 1815 a rare opportunity came to the youth. Mr Josiah Dow, a leading


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merchant of Boston, in high business and social position, built and established upon his father's farm, at his own expense, Dow Academy. This was dedicated November 6, 1815, in the presence of over five hundred spectators. The founder gave the address, broad and liberal in its educational and religious sentiment, designed to arouse in the community a larger interest in higher education, setting forth his motive in establishing a school for the benefit of his children in the county, and to extend its advantages to all around. Rev. Andrew E. Thayer made the invocation ; Rev. Joseph Haven, of Rochester, the closing prayer. The "Ode on Science " was performed by the Wakefield band ; and two hymns were sung, after which the company partook of refresh- ments at Captain Richard Dow's. This institution flourished for several years, having an extensive patronage from some of the first families in and out of the state, and I have heard that the first stage-coach was put on for their benefit. The room itself is placed over the church room to fulfil the condition of the gift of the land that "the meeting-house should always be used for ecclesias- tical and educational purposes." Not a few still cherish " memories of the old academy room, with the mellow autumn sunlight streaming through its broad southern windows upon busy pupils, all happy and free from care." Since its incorporation, it has had two or three lives, with temporary deaths intervening.


The Dow Academy building stood for many years, until removed to the Junction in 1886, and now serves as a hall for the societies, and is called " Brackett's hall." In 1820 that school-life went out, but nearly sixty years later the son of the founder's daughter revived the Wakefield Academy by the gift of one hundred dollars annually ; providing, in case of failure to sustain the school, the amount to go one half to the Dow district, the other half to the Corner. So that, to-day, this time-honored institution, through the gener- osity of the Hon. Seth Low, is taking a new lease of life, having had as prin- cipals Dr A. P. Chesley, Dartmouth, 1880: Emery Pinkham, Bates College, 1883; Arthur P. Greeley, Dartmouth College, 1882; Professor Joseph A. De Boer, Dartmouth College, 1884; Rev. James C. Flanders, Dartmouth College, 1884. Elmer Ellsworth French, Tufts, 1890, has taught some four or five terms ; John F. Manson, Fred. A. Fernald, Dartmouth, 1887, John Gage, and Justin L. Moore at present.


The roll of students in the male and female departments of Dow Academy, dated August, 1819, exhibits sixty-three students in all, a large number for that day. They came from Portsmouth, Rochester, Dover, Wolfeborough, and from Roxbury, Boston, Charlestown, and Salem, Mass., etc. "Men learned in their professions, examples of good breeding and high character, when advanced in years never tired of talking of their days spent at Dow Academy, and there was no praise too high for them to bestow on its teachers and its founder. They not only remembered the excellence of the work done daily in the classroom, but they delighted to dwell on the pomp and circum-


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stance of exhibition days, which the founder always attended, and when they had martial music and a procession." The first preceptor was Rev. Andrew E. Thayer, afterwards the first principal of Franklin Academy, Dover. In 1819, Adam Gordon, A.B., was preceptor, Miss Rebecca Phippen and Miss Eliza Bailey, preceptresses, and at one time the late Hon. John Aiken, of Andover, Mass., was preceptor.


In 1827 Wakefield Academy was incorporated through its trustees, Josiah H. Hobbs, William Sawyer, Joseph P. Wiggin, Alvah H. Sawyer, Henry L. Wiggin, George W. Carter, Charles Carter, William Sawyer, Jr, Ichabod Richards, Elisha Rollins, Porter R. Wiggin, Thomas Lindsay, Jr, Benjamin Pierce Gove, William Sawyer, president of trustees. According to catalogue of 1832, the year of the first term, Nathaniel Shotswell Dodge was preceptor, and there were thirty-two male and twenty-six female students.


Parson Barker, in the first years of his Wakefield life, was principal of Wakefield Academy in perhaps its palmiest days. His gifted wife, once Katharine Knight, of Boscawen, was his assistant. From 1840 to 1885 the following were preceptors : Charles G. Weeks, Caleb Emery, Charles Cum- mings, George Copp, E. B. O. Jewett, in 1845; F. A. Dean, with an assistant, now Rev. Jotham B. Sewall, Samuel W. Roberts, J. E. Swallow, Daniel R. Carter, and E. P. Hodgdon.


Collegiates. - Early the boys got into the habit of going to college, and it has been kept up. The first minister was a graduate of Harvard, 1778; Avery Hall, of Yale, 1759. The first native graduate was from Dartmouth, in 1811, Amasa Copp, the youngest son of Captain David, at the age of twenty-three. Josiah Hilton Hobbs, the lawyer, was a graduate of Bowdoin in 1820. From Dartmouth, 1822, came Rev. Nathaniel Barker, minister from 1835; Bowdoin, 1826, George Yeaton Sawyer, son of William ; Bowdoin, 1828, Luther Dearborn Sawyer, son of Timothy; Bowdoin. 1832, John Copp; Bowdoin, 1842, George W. J. Copp; Yale, 1847, Frederick Augustus Copp, - three sons of George W. Copp; Dartmouth, 1847, John Paul; Dartmouth, 1850, Edward Ashton Rollins, son of Hon. Daniel G., and living in Wakefield in 1828 ; Dartmouth, 1851, Joshua Gilman Hall, Jr; Bowdoin, 1852, Charles Chesley, son of Isaac B .; Dartmouth, 1857, Daniel R. Carter, who died 1865, at thirty ; Harvard, 1858, George Albert Wentworth; Dartmouth, 1859, Josiah Hilton Hobbs; Dartmouth, 1860, John Tredick; Dartmouth, 1862, George Frank Hobbs ; Dartmouth, 1862, Augustus Wiswall Wiggin ; Dartmouth, 1872, Charles William Sanborn ; Harvard, 1874, Robert William Sawyer, son of Charles H. and grandson of William ; Dartmouth, 1876, Edward Angus. tus Paul, son of Hiram ; Tufts, 1877, Daniel Rollins Brown, son of Asa; Dartmouth, 1887, Sidney E. Junkins, son of Edwin W; Dartmouth, 1887, Aziah C. Willey, Jr. Henry A. Roberts, son of Dr S. W., graduates from Dartmouth in 1890, and Walter J. Weeks, son of Algernon S., from Bowdoin,


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1890. Herbert Mansur is a graduate of Bates Theological School, Lewiston, 1888. John H. Mordough graduated from a three years' course at Yale Theological Seminary, 1836; Jonathan B. Cook, from Bangor, 1849.


Of those who became physicians, Augustus W. Wiggin took M.D. at Georgetown Medical College : surgeon in the army; died in 1875, at thirty- three. John Trediek, M.D., 1867, Jefferson Medical College, practised at Perry- mansville, Md; dead. Benjamin Hobbs, M.D., 1863, Dartmouth, died three years later at twenty-six. Daniel R. Brown, M.D., 1881, Bellevue, is in prac- tice in Brooklyn, N. Y. George A. Smith, M.D., 1881, Bellevue, was of Wakefield stock. Charles C. Barker, D.D.S., at Meriden, Conn.


Of the teachers John Copp was one of the finest before taking up agri- culture and horticulture. He is spending the evening of his days in a genial old age at Wakefield. George W. Copp died in 1864, at forty-four. Fred- eriek A. Copp has continued farming, milling, and some years the duties of superintending school committee, and at times been one of the town fathers of Wakefield or of Brookfield.


Professor George Albert Wentworth, youngest son of Edmund and Eliza (Lang) Wentworth, born July 31, 1835, a graduate of Phillips Exeter Acad- emy, 1855, entered the sophomore class in Harvard and graduated in elass of 1858, being then, since April, tutor in Greek at Phillips Exeter Academy, with which he has been connected since 1859 as professor of mathematies, in which realm he has no peer in this country. He has helped to fit more boys for college than any other living man and is the author of many superior textbooks. Alvah Sawyer, brother of William, born 1799, was a graduate of neither college nor professional school, but was regarded as a man of extensive knowledge, acquired by reading. He was the " learned blacksmith," of keen intellect, and a mind of grand cast; died May, 1882.


Libraries, Societies, etc. - In 1797, under the influence of Parson Piper and others, a charter was secured for the Wakefield and Brookfield Union Library, - shares $3, later $4, - which had a vigorous life until in its sixtieth year. November 3, 1856, the then twelve members, William Sawyer, Jr, Amasa Copp, Alvah H. Sawyer, Jonathan Gage, John Wingate, John Clark, Theodore W. Lyford, Mandana Carter, John A. Chamberlain, Freeman A. Chamberlain, and Hubartis Neal, agreed to divide the books and dissolve and annul the act of incorporation, which they did March 15, 1857. Only one shareholder of that number now survives, Hubartis Neal. Since 1879 the Wakefield Publie Library has had life, due to the Hon. Seth Low and others, including Mrs E. A. Rollins, and is becoming of considerable value as the years roll on. For some years Union Village had a library to gratify the taste for reading (from 1854 to 1886), but it has been divided among stockholders. Wolfboro Junetion has its " village library," started in 1881.


A musical society was incorporated in 1815.1 " Brookfield Social Library "


1 Laws of N. II., vol. xx, p. 370.


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TOWN OF WAKEFIELD.


was incorporated in 1811; called in 1833, " Brookfield, Wolfeborough, and Wakefield Social Library." Union Manufacturing Company was incorporated in 1833; Union River Manufacturing Company, 1868; Unity Lodge of Free- masons, 1875; Pine River Lumber Company, 1857 and 1877. - From index to laws of state, 1679-1883.


The lodge of Independent Order of Good Templars, instituted at Union Village October 9, 1879, now numbers ninety-six members, and has done a vig- orous, aggressive, and helpful work. The first chief templar was Rev. C. F. Goldsmith ; the last, Fred. E. Stevens; C. W. Horne was chief templar for several years, also grand secretary of the Grand Lodge; Mrs C. W. Horne was secretary for sixteen years. Grand Chief Templar George A. Bailey, who instituted the Union lodge, also instituted the "Newichiwannock " at Wolfboro Junction, February, 1886, but it had a short life.


The Law and Order League of Wakefield, Brookfield, and Milton, under the leadership of Daniel S. Burley, Esq., has strengthened public sentiment.


The Woman's Christian Temperance Union and Band of Hope had for some years an active lodge at Woodman's Mills.


Union Village has " Lovewell" lodge, No. 1185, Knights of Honor, thirteen members ; and for some three years near 1876, Council No. 28, Sovereigns of Industry. Wolfboro Junction has "Syracuse " lodge, No. 27, Knights of Pythias, which was instituted March 17, 1886, by Grand Chancellor John P. Young ; a large number of knights were present from various New Hampshire and Maine lodges; thirty charter members, and ten since added; leased Brackett's hall. The first officers were: P. C., G. F. Mathes; C. C., G. M. Smith; V. C., A. D. Robinson ; prelate, J. F. Tucker.


Improved Order of Red Men, on the sleep of the first sun, worm moon, G. S. D. 397, Songonombee Tribe, No. 15, was instituted (in the language of the palefaces) March 1, 1888, in the Hunting Grounds of Wolfboro Junc- tion, by G. S., C. C. Bunce, of Dover. The tribe started with thirty-six charter members and has rapidly gained in valuable membership. The first chiefs were: prophet, G. S. Dow; sachem, Arthur L. Foote; senior saga- more, Eli W. Nute.


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HISTORY OF CARROLL COUNTY.


CHAPTER XLV.


Development - Union Village - Railroads - Wolfboro Junction - Manufacturing - Population - Politics - East Wakefield - Taverners and Traders - Early Prices - North Wakefield and Wakefieldl Corner - Physicians - Longevity, etc.


W AKEFIELD increased rapidly in population and wealth until 1837, when many of the leading citizens became embarrassed by the eastern land purchases ; but with these heavy losses they tried to keep up their former position, but as there was no railroad communication it became an isolated town, and for several years made little progress in either population or wealth.


The railway at last came to Union Village. This place, which had since 1820 been of some importance, having a factory for spinning yarn, a tannery, sawmill, gristmill, carding-works, store, and blacksmith's shop, improved rapidly. Many were the loaded teams that brought their wheat, butter, cheese, etc., to the station, and left their money with the merchants, and gladdened the hearts of the hotel-keepers, prominent of whom was Robert H. Pike, who has accumulated a fortune from the proximity of his house to the station, and has to-day one of the most elegant hotel offices and dining- rooms in northern New Hampshire. Business thrived, demanded more men, and families moved in.


Union Village, with its trim houses and manufacturing industries, is a decided growth on the few houses it had up to 1827. Noah Barker was here a clothier as early as 1802; he also in 1817 set up, near John Paul's, a carding-mill. James Hardy did a large business in cloth dressing. He had one of the first, if not the first, cotton-mills in the state. Ira Fish followed Noah Barker, and Dr Lindsay's sons, John and James, succeeded Hardy. Joshua (. Hall followed both, and was one of the leaders in society. "He was one of the brightest men this town ever raised," says one who knew him well. July 4, 1822, a party met here to celebrate the day and name the place. It was proposed to call it Federal Village from one of the political parties of that day. A Republican, however, objected, and a compromise was effected on Union Village.


Hon. John W. Sanborn and others were not satisfied with the facilities afforded at Union, and labored for the extension of the road. By the energy of Mr Sanborn this was accomplished, and the Wolfeborough Branch railroad constructed. This was the beginning of a new and a prosperous era. The junction of this last road with the main line is near the head of Lovewell's pond, and in the vicinity of the spot where Captain Copp's grist and saw mills alone broke the silence one hundred years ago.


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TOWN OF WAKEFIELD.


Originally the site of the thriving village of Wolfboro Junction, fed by and feeding the railroad, was full of ravines and huge bowlders, and covered with a dense forest. A small clearing was made, rocks and stumps cleared away, and buildings erected to accommodate the business and mechanical works of the Conway or Northern division of the railroad that were moved to this place. A hotel, the Sanborn House, was built, a fine schoolhouse has been erected, and an Episcopal chapel now graces the roadside on the hill. From its start in 1871 the village has progressed rapidly and solidly. Hon. John W. Sanborn, superintendent of the Northern Division of the Boston & Maine railroad, here has his home and offices, and supervises his many and important business interests. Albert O. Robinson is assistant superintendent, and performs his duties with rapidity and accuracy. The railroad shops of the Northern division are here located. James Tucker is chief of engineers ; Charles A. Hackett, master mechanic; Edward Leavitt, roadmaster. All of the officials and employés are courteous, gentlemanly, and capable.


The Sanborn House, heated by steam, is kept by C. B. Remick, and accommodates thirty guests. James W. Garvin & Co. is one of the veteran mercantile houses. Besides trading, Mr Garvin has an extensive manufactory of sale clothing, and furnishes employment to many. John M. Haynes deals in stoves and tinware. John T. Garland supplies the meats for the commu- nity. P. O. Cottle has a general store. William H. Willey carries a stock of grain, groceries, etc. Edwin A. Himes is the new postmaster, succeeding J. W. Garvin, who followed George F. Piper. Beacham and Foote attend to law and insurance ; and George S. Dorr, one of our most busy men, is editor and proprietor of the Carroll County Pioneer, established October 4, 1881. " The PIONEER labors to remove the underbrush from the Forest of Humanity."


A majority of the people are engaged in farming, but manufacturing and mercantile trade are becoming important branches of business. I need not trace the manufacturing industries, great or small, from the first rude cornmills of Captain Copp and Joseph Haines to the Union Brass Foundry looking for gains. Sawmills appeared early ; perhaps, in order, Copp's first, and Haines's, the Allen, Captain Hall's, and so on down to the latest of the portable steam- mills which take away some of the beauty of the forests to transform it into homes for men. At Union are the excelsior mills of George E. Hart & Co., and Samuel L. Hutchins's feltmills, now silent, Stevens's marble shop, and others. Reuben Sanborn for thirteen years has had a chair factory, employing twenty persons, and turning out yearly some six thousand or more chairs, and several thousand sawhorses.


In 1868 there were seven mills in town ; one near the Ossipee line running a gang of saws, where lumber, heading, and sugar-boxes were produced.


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This was owned by the Pine River Lumber Company. One was at Union, operated by Luther G. Cate; and one cutting a thousand feet an hour was near Wakefield Corner, run by John W. Sanborn and others. Six shingle- mills were in operation, and shoe and salt boxes, flannel boards, etc., were made. Tinware was quite extensively manufactured, and so were shoes. In 1872 Wakefield ranked in point of wealth the fourth, and in mechanical business the third, town in the county.


Population. - East Town, 1773: Unmarried men from 16 to 60, 20; mar- ried men, 16 to 60, 49 ; boys, 16 and under, 65; men, 60 and over, 1; unmar- ried females, 64; married females, 48; no widows: 1 male slave. Total, males, 156 : females, 112; 248 in all. 1775 showed 320 population ; May, 1786, 505; 1790, 446; 1830, 1,470; 1840, 1,596: 1850, 1,405; 1860, 1,470; 1870, 1,185 ; 1880, 1,392. The families in town in 1767 numbered 2; in 1769, 11; 1770, 30; 1784, 90; 1800, 150.


Politics. - Since 1800 the town has flourished under the different banners of Federalist and Republican, Whig, Democratic, and Republican, about as follows: From 1800 to 1850 the Federalists and Whigs had it two thirds of the years : from 1850 to 1890 the Democrats have had thirty years, three quarters of the time.


The tide of business first struck Piper road and Wakefield Corner in 1800, Union in 1855, and Wolfboro Junction in 1871. The Piper road, once the village, is now a delightful locality to visit; Wakefield Corner is quiet and beautiful; East Wakefield is a distributing station for stages. Ilere come many summer visitors to get our balmy air and enjoy the beauties of nature. It has two hotels, Davis House and Sunnyside.


Taverners and Traders. - Taverners were not few, if we judge by licenses granted by the selectmen from 1793 to 1803 to sell ardent spirits - in varied phrase, as "retailer of spirituous liquors ; " " to keep public house and liquor ; " "on account of his situation and employment of a public nature ; " " pro- vided he keeps a good orderly house;" "to sell rum;" "to keep spirituous liquor and mix the same, or in other words to keep a public house of enter- tainment ;" "at his store, under such rules as the law directs."


Under taverners are David Copp (his "flip-stick " survives, but it has lost its cun- ning ), Joseph Leavitt, and Samuel Sherborn before 1780, and running in 1793 to 1798, perhaps later ; Mrs. Eunice Leavitt, 1801. In 1794 and on, Stephen Watson, Captain Andrew Gilman, Josiah Robinson, Thomas Cloutman, 1799; David Horn, Benjamin Dearborn, Joshua G. Hall, 1808; Jacob Welch, Ensign James Hardy, 1806; George Whitton, 1813; Samuel Pike, 1811; Israel Hodgdon, John Dame, Porter K. Wiggin, 1819. In 1827 five licenses were granted - one reading " wine and spirits in any quanity not less than one


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pint, to be sold, delivered, and carried away." About this time a "Temper- ance Society " was formed. Ten years later temperance sentiment in the state is said to have been at its highest point, under the reign of no law.


Of the taverns, some were rather unpretentious, aiming to supply a felt need of the public, both traveling and local, and the chief ones were also a combination of a market-place, auction-block, and lyceum where the great questions of the day were diseussed, if not settled, as well as at the country grocery stores. It would be interesting to compare prices then with now - of molasses, cambric, crackers, rum, and cheese, thread, sugar, salt, and calico. In 1750 four hanks thread and one gill rum cost 8 shillings ; four yards linen, £2; four pounds sugar, £1 6s. ; one gallon molasses, 22 shillings ; fifteen hundred shingle nails, 52s. 6d .; 2 1-2 punch, 20 shillings ; 1,000 "bord nales," £4 10s. ; one handkerchief, 35 shillings. That was " old tenor." From 1775 to 1800 prices were up, and continental money between 1777 and 1781 became so depreciated that $100 of it were only equal to one dollar in gold, and it became practically worthless. In 1818 : one gross pins, 1s. 6d. = 25 cents ; one pound tobacco, 2 shillings ; one mug " egg pop," 1s. 6d. ; one straw bonnet, $1.50 ; one yard ribbon, 25 cents; one yard cotton cloth, 30 cents ; one yard calico, 2s. 3d. ; one pound of rice, 10 cents ; one gallon rum, 9 shillings ; one- fourth yard crape, 27 cents ; one almanac, 4s. 2d .; two quarts molasses, 2s. 3d. ; one vest pattern, 4s. 6d .; one ounce indigo, 25 cents. In 1802: "1 yard tobacco," a selectmen's bill, seven half-pints rum, 7 shillings ; four dinners, 4 shillings ; six suppers, 6 shillings. In 1770 a man got two pounds for " one day plowen." In 1819: a bushel corn, 5 shillings ; one pint New England rum, 12 to 14 cents ; one glass, 4 cents ; one gill, 8 cents ; one pint brandy, 20 cents ; one yard cambric, 5 shillings ; one yard calico, 2 shillings ; one New Hamp- shire Register, 20 cents; carding nineteen pounds wool, $1.19; one pound cheese, 9 cents ; one bowl punch, 25 cents ; one-half yard shirting, 23 cents ; butter, 12 1-2 cents; sugar, 18 cents ; tea, 84 cents ; No. 8 yarn, 72 cents ; one-half pound salt, 4 shillings ; lamb, 5 cents ; broom, 25 cents. Of traders, Captain David Copp was very likely the first. James Hardy had a store at Union about 1800. Joshua G. Hall had one near the Piper schoolhouse, but followed Hardy to Union in 1827. His son Andrew Gilman Hall, Joseph Pike Gilman, Elijah Wadleigh, and A. F. Wood were among the other traders.


At Wakefield Corner about 1800 Captain Robert Calder, William C. Frost for some ten years from 1807; Captain Salter, Chesley Drew, Captain Joseph Manson. In 1810, John Wingate, for himself or for Mr. Upham, on Russell Hill. In 1818, Henry L. Wiggin ; he and Joseph P. Wiggin were in business in 1827; Daniel G. Rollins, 1826; William Sawyer, Jr, for many years ; Henry R. Chamberlain, Joseph Pike, Otis Wiswall, Asa P. Wiggin, Amasa Copp, Asa Brown, George Gage ; A. J. Milliken, who was deputy and sheriff for many years and in trade twenty-one years. George A. Yeaton, Porter K.


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Wiggin, Henry L. Wiggin, Joseph P. Wiggin, and George H. Wiggin have kept the town records; also, William Sawyer, Jr, Asa Brown, George A. Yeaton, and A. J. Milliken.


At North Wakefield several have traded, the latest, Daniel M. Emerson, postmaster. The postoffice has usually been kept in one of the stores. At Union from 1827 Major Joshua G. Hall, John Tredick, C. E. Swinerton ; John Tredick, 1861 to 1866; Joseph P. Gilman, 1866 to 1869; Charles A. Varney and Elijah Wadleigh to 1885; Joseph P. Gilman to 1889; Jacob S. Adams. At Wakefield Corner were Henry L. Wiggin, William Sawyer, Jr, Samuel Yeaton, Hiram Paul, 1885; A. J. Milliken, 1889; George E. Goodhue. At Woodman's Mills, J. M. Woodman is postmaster; East Wakefield station, Ivory S. Loud ; Horn's Mills, John G. Sanborn.


Wakefield is not a seaport, and few have made their home upon the deep; but one of our citizens, Captain Samuel Yeaton, was a prosperous sea-captain for years, commanding the swift "clipper" ships once so famous in the East India carrying trade.


James A. Chesley entered the United States naval service October 30, 1861, and served twenty-two years on ships, monitors, and ironclads as assistant- navigator, navigator, watch and division officer, navigator, and first lieutenant, first lieutenant in command on the ironclads " Manhattan " and " Mahopac " for eight years, until retired as lieutenant January 22, 1884.




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