History of Cheshire and Sullivan counties, New Hampshire, Part 27

Author: Hurd, D. Hamilton (Duane Hamilton)
Publication date: 1886
Publisher: Philadelphia : J. W. Lewis
Number of Pages: 1200

USA > New Hampshire > Sullivan County > History of Cheshire and Sullivan counties, New Hampshire > Part 27
USA > New Hampshire > Cheshire County > History of Cheshire and Sullivan counties, New Hampshire > Part 27

Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).

Methodist Episcopal Church .- The organiza- tion of the present Methodist Episcopal Society of Chesterfield dates from June 18, 1842.

It is said that Jesse Lee visited the town as early as 1793, and from that time to the present it has been a " preaching-place." In 1796 the first circuit in New Hampshire was formed, called the " Chesterfield Circuit," and which had only sixty-eight members.

The names of but few of the early Methodist preachers in this town are now known.

Rev. Jonathan Nichols, of Thompson, Conn., preached here at an early period, and Rev. Martin Rutter is said to have preached his first sermon in James Robertson's house (now owned and occupied by his grandson, Timothy N. Robertson). One of the earliest Methodist preachers at Factory village is said to have been a Rev. Mr. House.

In 1844 the Methodists built a meeting- house at the Centre village. Before that time they worshiped in private houses, school- houses and sometimes in the old Congregational meeting-house. Since 1839 the pastors of this society, as far as ascertained, have been as fol- lows : Rev. C. L. McCurdy, 1839-40 ; Rev. Alonzo Webster, 1842-43; Rev. C. Holman, 1848; Rev. D. P. Leavitt, 1852; Rev. E. Adams, 1853; Rev. J. Hayes, 1854-55 ; Rev. A. K. Howard, 1856-57 ; Rev. J. P. Stinch- field, 1858-59; Rev. N. Green, 1860; Rev. Thomas L. Fowler, 1861-67; Rev. W. H.

Cummings, 1869; Rev. James H. Copp, 1870; Rev. N. Fisk, 1871; Rev. Andrew L. Ken- dall, 1872-75; Rev. Edward P. F. Dearborn, 1875-77 ; Rev. John A. Parker, 1877; Rev. William W. Le Seur, 1878-81 ; Rev. Julius M. Buffum, 1881-82; Rev. Thomas L. Fow- ler, at the present time.

A Unitarian Church was organized in Ches- terfield about 1834, and existed a few years. It was composed, in part, of persons who had withdrawn from the Congregational Society. Rev. Stephen A. Barnard was pastor of this church in 1835, '36 and '37, preaching every alternate Sunday in the old meeting-house at the Centre village. As already stated, he also preached for the Universalists at the West vil- lage during the same years.

The meeting-house at Factory village was erected in 1853. It is a " union " house (so- called), the expense of building which was de- frayed by the sale of pews, which were pur- chased by Congregationalists, Methodists and Universalists, on condition that each denomina- tion represented should have the privilege of using the house to a certain extent. For a number of years the Methodists have alter- nately held their services in this house and in their church at the Centre village.

MANUFACTURES .- The manufacture of any kind of goods or wares has never been carried on very extensively in Chesterfield ; yet consi- derable manufacturing has been done in the eastern part of the town, and a less amount in the western. In December, 1805, Ebenezer Stearns, Moses Smith, Ebenezer Cheney and seventeen others were incorporated into a com- pany called the Chesterfield Manufactory, for the purpose of manufacturing "cotton yarn, cloth and woolens."

At the June session of the Legislature in 1809 an additional act was passed empowering the corporation to raise the sum of fifty thou- sand dollars, to be employed as should be thought proper. It appears that the shares were fixed at one hundred dollars cach, and that

156

HISTORY OF CHESHIRE COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE.

Ebenezer Stearns held, in 1809, ten thousand dollars' worth of the stock; the rest of the shareholders, of whom there were about twenty, held from five to fifty shares each.

In 1810 the company erected a factory at the village, which has ever since been called " Factory Village," or " Chesterfield Factory," the latter being the correct post-office name. This building, which is one hundred feet long by thirty feet wide, and two stories high (ex- clusive of the basement), was built by Presson Farwell for seven hundred dollars.

For a few years after the factory was built cotton yarn is said to have been made in it ; then it was closed for a while. In 1821, Cap- tain William S. Brooks, who settled in Ches- terfield that year, was chosen agent of the cor- poration, and began the manufacture of cotton shirting. Captain Brooks continued to manage the affairs of the corporation, as agent, till 1839, when he removed to Brattleborough ; but he re- tained his connection with the factory till 1850.

The manufacture of shirting was afterwards continued in this factory for some time by Olney Goff and by Barton Skinner.

The building was next converted into a manufactory of doors, window-sashes and blinds by R. Henry Hopkins and Horace Howe. It is used for this purpose at present by George L. Hamilton, who employs ten men.

About 1820 the manufacture of "patent accelerating spinning-wheel heads" was begun at Factory village by Ezekiel P. Pierce, with whom were associated Asahel Porter and George Metcalf. The manufacture of these articles has since been conducted at that village by Jonathan S. Hopkins, Elliot P. and Samuel F. Hopkins, Ezekiel P. Pierce, Jr., Richard Hopkins, Jr., Sidney S. Campbell, Benjamin Pierce and Frederick B. Pierce. At one time during the Civil War Benjamin Pierce employed about seventy-five hands in this business. Spin- ning-wheel heads were also made at the West village for a while, many years ago, by John

Pierce and his son Alfred, and by Alanson and Alfred Chamberlain.

In 1834 or 1835 the manufacture of angers, bits and gimlets was commenced, near the West village, by Joshua Richardson and Oliver B. Huggins, with whom appears to have been as- sociated E. P. Pierce, Sr. After a year or two they were succeeded by E. P. Pierce, Jr., and Charles Cross. Subsequently the business was carried on for a while, at the same place, by Pierce, Cross and Alonzo Farr.

In 1836 or 1837 the making of bits, augers, etc., was begun at Factory village by Richard- son & Huggins. Afterwards the same business was carried on by George Goodrich alone, and by him and George Atherton for a few years.

About 1853, Benjamin Pierce, who had pre- viously been employed by Richardson & Hug- gins, commenced the manufacture of bits, etc., in the same shop, having purchased it of Barton Skinner. For many years Mr. Pierce con- ducted the business alone, employing a consid- erable number of hands, and producing yearly a large number of bits, augers and other wood- boring tools. In 1870 his son, Frederick B. Pierce, began to manufacture the same kind of goods for his father (who conducted the sales of the same), having previously been in com- pany with R. Henry Hopkins for about two years.

In July, 1882, F. B. Pierce was succeeded in this business by the Currier Brothers (Albert E. and F. Eugene), who give employment at present to twenty-three men. Their total pro- duction amounts to about one hundred and fifty thousand pieces per annum.

F. B. Pierce is pretty extensively engaged in the manufacture of brush-handles at Factory village, employing at present about thirty hands. At the West village Olin R. Farr makes tables, and prepares stuff for boxes, brush-handles, etc. Other articles that have been made in Chesterfield, many years ago, but not to any great extent, are gunpowder, seythes, hoes, pegs, etc.

157

CHESTERFIELD.

Charles S. Kendall made pegs a few years in the building in which E. P. Pierce, Jr., for- merly manufactured spinning-wheel heads, and which has been used since 1866 by Ira P. Bux- ton for the manufacture of pail-staves, shin- gles, etc.

In 1863, Rev. T. L. Fowler purchased the building at Factory village which had for- merly been used many years by Joshua Graves for a blacksmith's shop, and fitted it up for the manufacture of clothes-pins, and used it for this purpose until November, 1868, when he con- verted it into a saw-mill.

In 1874, Mr. Fowler sold the mill to his son, Herschel J. Fowler, who engaged in the manu- facture of pail-staves. The latter afterwards erected a two-story building close to the old one, in which he manufactured packing-boxes. This building is now used by B. F. Pierce in the manufacture of paint and varnish brush handles.

About 1815 (probably), David and William Arnold engaged in tanning hides at the Centre village.

About 1817 their tannery was bought by Moses Dudley, who continued the business till about 1851.

About 1832 Lloyd Stearns and David Arnold began the same business in the present tannery building at Factory village. Stearns removed to Illinois about 1835, when the busi- ness was continued by Arnold, at first associated with Nathaniel Walton for a few years, and then alone. From 1844 to 1865 this tannery was owned by Sumner Warren, now of Keene, who carried on a pretty extensive business.

The business was afterwards continued for a while by Earl Warren, of Westmoreland.

At present there is no tannery in operation in Chesterfield.

There are now only three grist-mills in the town,-Bradford C. Farr's, at Factory village, Prusha W. Strong's and Warren W. Farr's, at the West village.

The largest saw-mill in Chesterfield was built

by the Steam Mill Company, at the former vil- lage, in 1872. In 1878 this mill was burned, but was rebuilt the same year by James H. & George Goodrich. It has an engine of forty- five horse-power, and is now owned and run by James H. Goodrich. The Butlers' steam saw- mill is located on the upper part of Catsbane Brook ; O. R. Farr's and W. W. Farr's saw- mills are at the West village.

TAVERNS AND HOTELS .- The earliest tav- erns were merely private houses situated near the principal highways, and whose owners availed themselves of the opportunity to add to the income derived from their farms by provid- ing food and lodging for hungry and weary travelers, and an abundance of spirituous and fermented drinks for the thirsty.

After a while a law was passed compelling tavern-keepers and retailers of spiritnous liquors to obtain a license from the selectmen. The first recorded licenses for this purpose were granted in 1792, in which year four persons were licensed as taverners and one to sell spirituous liquors. It is not at all probable, however, that one person enjoyed a monopoly of the trade in strong drink that year.

In 1793 there were only two licensed tavern- ers, while five persons were licensed to retail spirits; and in 1794 the number of tavern-keep- ers was three, the number of retailers of spirits remaining the same. In 1800 there were seven licensed tavern-keepers and only two licensed retailers of liquors.

Among the earliest tavern-keepers were Oli- ver Cobleigh, Nathaniel Stone, Andrew Hast- ings, Abraham Stearns, Nathaniel Bingham and Ebenezer Harvey, Sr.

Ebenezer Harvey's tavern stood on the site of the late Parker D. Cressey's residence at the Centre village, and was probably one of the old- est taverns in the town.

In 1801, Levi Mead came to Chesterfield, from Lexington, Mass., and lived in the house now occupied by Roswell Butler, at the Centre village, which he kept as a tavern. In 1816

158

HISTORY OF CHESHIRE COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE.

he built at the same village what was known for many years as the Mead tavern, and which is now called the Chesterfield Hotel. Since his death, in 1828, this tavern has had several dif- ferent owners, among them his sons, Bradley and Elias. From 1860 to 1868 it was owned and kept by Parker D. Cressey, and since 1876 it has been owned by Lucius Thatcher.

The present hotel at Factory village, known as the Spafford House, was built in 1807 by Elnathan Gorham for a dwelling-house. It was first used as a tavern by Presson Farwell. Afterwards it was owned and kept many years by Samuel Burt, who, in 1867, sold it to San- ford Guernsey. In 1880, it was purchased of Mr. Guernsey by Walter J. Wheeler. Its present proprietor is Alfred L. Proctor.

In 1831, Ezekiel P. Pierce, Sr., built a large stone house on the old Pierce homestead, near the lake, which he kept as a tavern several years.

The tavern which Amos Smith kept near the river, in the northwestern quarter of the town, and which was afterwards kept by his son, George Smith, was frequented by boatmen and raftsmen in the days when merchandise was transported up and down the river by means of boats, and logs were conducted down in rafts. The same is true of the old Snow tavern, after- wards the town poor-house.

The Prospect House, situated on an eminence near the southern shore of Spafford's Lake, of which it commands a fine view, was built in 1873 by the late John W. Herrick, of Keene. Since its erection it has been enlarged and other- wise improved. This hotel is kept open only during the summer, and is now owned by Hon. Charles A. Rapallo, of New York City, one of the judges of the Court of Appeals for the State of New York. It has been managed, since 1879, by A. R. Mason, of Keene.

POST-OFFICES .- The post-office at the Centre village (Chesterfield) was established August 12, 1802.

The following persons have been postmasters at this village :

Ebenezer Harvey, commissioned August 12, 1802. Asa Britton, commissioned November 16, 1810.

Daniel Waldo, commissioned December 30, 1830. Warham R. Platts, commissioned October 4, 1833. Nelson W. Herrick, commissioned August 6, 1841. Warham R. Platts, commissioned September 11, 1843.

Charles J. Amidon, commissioned May 29, 1849. Henry O. Coolidge, commissioned April 2, 1851. Warham R. Platts, commissioned May 20, 1853.

Henry O. Coolidge, commissioned Angust 10, 1861.

James M. Herrick, commissioned February 27, 1867.

Romanzo C. Cressey, commissioned April 9, 1868. Murray Davis, commissioned October 24, 1873.

James H. Goodrich (2d), commissioned October 6, 1875.

Sewall F. Rugg, commissioned August 5, 1881.

The post-office at Factory village (Chester- field Factory) was established January 12, 1828.

The postmasters at this village have been as follows :

George S. Root, commissioned January 12, 1828. Horatio N. Chandler, commissioned December 14, 1835.

Samuel Burt, Jr., commissioned July 28, 1838. Bela Chase, commissioned August 6, 1841. Samuel Burt, commissioned December 30, 1844. David W. Beckley, commissioned April 26, 1850. Samuel Burt, commissioned September 11, 1854. David W. Beckley, commissioned July 20, 1861. James C. Farwell, commissioned January 15, 1866.

The post-office at the West village (West Chesterfield) was established April 17, 1866, at which time James H. Ford was commissioned postmaster. He held the office till November, 1870. Since December 19, 1870, Emory H. Colburn has been postmaster at this village.

PHYSICIANS .- The following are the names of some of the physicians who have practiced their profession in Chesterfield for longer or shorter periods : Dr. Elkanah Day, 1767 (or carlier) till -; Dr. Moses Ellis, before 1787; Dr. Samuel King, 1785 (or earlier) till -; Dr. Solomon Harvey, about 1775-1821 (or later) ; Dr. - Barnard, about 1779; Dr. Joshua Tyler, from between 1776 and 1781 till 1807; Dr. Oliver Atherton, from about 1787 till 1812; Dr. Prescott Hall, about 1806 ; Dr.

159

CHESTERFIELD.

James R. Grow, about 1812; Dr. Oliver Baker, 1809-40; Dr. George Farrington, 1814-16 ; Dr. Joshua Converse, - to 1833; Dr. Jason Farr, several years previous to 1825; Dr. Jerry Lyons, 1814-25; Dr. Philip Hall, a number of years previous to 1828 ; Dr. Harvey Car- penter, 1827 or 1828 till 1852; Dr. John P. Warren, 1842-44; Dr. Algernon Sidney Car- penter, 1841 ; Dr. John O. French, about ten years, from 1844 or 1845 ; Dr. John F. But- ler, 1854 to the present time; Dr. Daniel F. Randall, 1855 to the present time; Dr. Willie G. Cain, August, 1884, to the present time.

Dr. George Farrington died in Chesterfield July 29, 1816, aged forty-seven years. The fol- lowing epitaph is inscribed on his gravestone in the old town burying-ground at the Centre village :

" Here lies beneath this monument

The dear remains of one who spent His days and years in doing good ; Gave ease to those oppress'd with pain ; Restor'd the sick to Health again,

And purifi'd their wasting blood. He was respected while on Earth By all who knew his real worth In practice and superior skill. The means he us'd were truly blest- His wondrous cures do well attest.

Who can his vacant mansion fill ? Borne on some shining cherub's wing To his grand master, God and King,

To the grand lodge in Heaven above, Where angels smile to see him join His brethren in that lodge Divine,

Where all is harmony and love."

Dr. John F. Butler is the son of Jonathan and Martha (Russell) Butler, of Marlow, and was born June 14, 1831 ; graduated at the Harvard Med- ical School March, 1854, and came to Chester- field the next April. In the spring of 1864 he joined the Thirty-ninth Regiment Massachusetts Volunteers as assistant surgeon, and served till the war closed, when he returned to Chesterfield. He married, in 1857, Julia, daughter of Rev. Silas Quimby, of Lebanon, and who died August 19, 1861. In 1863 he married Celia A., daugh- ter of John L. Brewster, of Lowell, Mass.

Dr. Daniel F. Randall has resided in Ches- terfield since 1855, engaged in the practice of his profession. He was born May 24, 1829, and is the son of Menzias R. Randall, M.D., a veteran physician of Rehoboth, Mass. He graduated at the medical school in Woodstock, Vt., in 1852, and settled in this town in 1855, where he has ever since resided. He married Miss Amelia C. French, of Berkley, Mass.

LAWYERS .- Hon. Phineas Handerson was probably the first lawyer who practiced his pro- fession in Chesterfield. His office was at the Centre village, where he resided from 1805 or 1806 till 1833, when he removed to Keene. (See Biographical Notices.)

Hon. Larkin G. Mead, who read law with Mr. Handerson, also practiced in this town till 1839, when he removed to Brattleborough, Vt. (See Biographical Notices.)

Charles C. Webster, Esq., late of Keene, practiced law in Chesterfield from July, 1839, to January, 1846.

Hon. Harvey Carlton, now of Winchester, engaged in the practice of law in this town from 1841 to 1854.

Allen P. Dudley, Esq., now of San Fran- cisco, Cal., practiced law in Chesterfield a while previous to 1855, about which time he removed to California.

William L. Dudley, Esq., commenced the practice of law in this town in 1846, but re- moved to California in 1849, and resides at present in Stockton, engaged in the practice of his profession.

SPAFFORD'S LAKE AS A SUMMER RESORT .- A brief description of Spafford's Lake has been given in another place. Though it had been for many years a favorite resort for local fisher- men and the students of the academy, and had occasionally been visited by pleasure-seekers from abroad, it was not till within the past twelve years that any measures were taken to establish a hotel, boat-house, cottages, etc., for the accommodation of persons who desire to with- draw from the noise and tumult of the "mad-

160

HISTORY OF CHESHIRE COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE.

ding crowd," and spend a few weeks in the quietness of the country.

It is true that

"Old Captain Bulky, 1a sailor by trade,

Who round the world many voyages had made,"

had a sail-boat on this lake many years ago ; as did afterwards Ezekiel P. Pierce, Sr., whose boat, sometimes manned by an experienced sea- man, was used more or less by sailing-parties for several years. Pierce's Island, too, has been for a long time a resort for students and others who desire to enjoy camp-life for a few days at a time. Nevertheless, as stated above, it was not till within the past twelve years that people have resorted to the lake in large numbers (excepting, perhaps, a few instances) for recrea- tion and diversion, and for the holding of religious, and even political meetings.

In 1873 the Prospect House, as mentioned in another place, was built by John W. Herrick, of Keene, and was designed for the accommoda- tion of persons who might come to the lake seeking health or pleasure.

The boat-house, on the southern shore of the lake, was finished in 1875. Near it are a skat- ing-rink, dining-hall, lodging-house, etc., now managed by Frank H. Farr, as is also the boat- house.

On the southern and western shores are pretty extensive pienie-grounds. On the one west of the lake Lucius Thatcher has a large stable for horses, a lodging-house, restaurant and skating- rink.

A number of individuals have also erected private cottages near the lake, which are occu- pied most of the time during the hot season.

The little steamer " Enterprise," the con- struction of which was mainly due to the efforts of John W. White, was finished in 1876. " Her model was drafted by D. J. Lawlor, of East Boston, Mass. Her length is 40 feet, breadth of beam 15 feet, depth of hold 4 feet,

draft 28 inches, diameter of propeller-wheel 32 inches. Her engine is of 8 horse-power, boiler of 12 horse-power. Her carrying capacity is about 125 persons, though upon occasion as many as 150 have been on board at a single trip."

No serious accident has occurred on or about the lake since it has become popular as a resort, except the drowning of the musicians Conly and Reitzel.

In the afternoon of Friday, the 26th day of May, 1882, George A. Conly, basso, and Her- man Reitzel, pianist, of Clara Louise Kellogg's concert company, were drowned in the lake while rowing for pleasure. These gentlemen, with others, came over from Brattleborough, where the company had an engagement to give a concert in the evening of the next day. Having procured a boat at F. H. Farr's boat-house, Conly and Reitzel started out, leaving the rest of the party on land, and were last seen by the latter off the northern point of the island. Not having returned at the proper time, fears were entertained for their safety, as a strong southerly wind was blowing, and the waves were running pretty high. Search was consequently made for them, and their boat found bottom upwards ; but not till the next day was unmistakable evi- dence obtained that they had been drowned. Vigorous efforts were then made to recover the bodies of the unfortunate men, by dredging, by firing a cannon, by exploding dynamite car- tridges in the lake and by the employment of various other devices.

The bodies were not found, however, till they rose, Reitzel's being discovered floating Wed- nesday forenoon, the 7th day of the follow- ing June, and Conly's Wednesday morning, the 14th day of the same month. The latter was without coat or shoes, and had evidently made a desperate effort to save his own and, perhaps, his companion's life. The place of the disaster seems to have been about sixty rods northeast of the northern point of the island.

Mr. Conly was a native of Southwark, now

1 "Captain Bulky" was the sobriquet of Captain -. who is said to have put the first sail-boat on the lake.

161

CHESTERFIELD.

part of Philadelphia, and was thirty-seven years old ; Mr. Reitzel was a native of New York, and was only nineteen years old.

AGED PERSONS .- The following is proba- bly an incomplete list of the persons who have died in Chesterfield at an age of ninety years or more :

Mrs. Mary Hamilton, December 16, 1842, aged ninety.

Mrs. Lydia Cheney, April 4, 1859, aged ninety.

Mrs. Orpha Presho, April 17, 1856, aged ninety.

Thomas Dunham, March 20, 1870, aged ninety.

Mrs. Sarah Johnson, December 31, 1837, aged ninety.

Mrs. Sally Hinds, August 24, 1864, aged ninety.

Asa Fullam, December 14, 1870, aged ninety.

Mrs. Persis Dudley, January 13, 1885, aged ninety.

Mrs. Judith Tyler, August 11, 1854, aged ninety- one.

Elisha Rockwood, February 13, 1832, aged ninety- one.

Mrs. Betsey Smith, January 26, 1863, aged ninety- one.

Mrs. Sophia Day, November 11, 1883, aged ninety- one.

Mrs. Grata Thomas, August 5, 1884, aged ninety- one.

Samuel Hamilton, October 19, 1878, aged ninety- one.

Jonathan Cressy, April 26, 1824, aged ninety- one.

Mrs. Polly Spaulding, February 22, 1885, aged ninety-one (very nearly).

Mrs. Mary Putnam, January 30, 1830, aged ninety- two.

Stephen Streeter, Sr., March 11, 1845, aged ninety- two.

William Clark, Sr., February 19, 1849, aged ninety- two.

Amos Crouch, August 18, 1861, aged ninety-two.

Mrs. Submit Sanderson, June 27, 1822, aged ninety- three.

Ebenezer Robertson, April 22, 1882, aged ninety- four.

Nathaniel Bacon, September 10, 1823, aged ninety- five.

Mrs. Mary Titus, May 7, 1845, aged ninety-five.

Mrs. Clarissa Norcross, May 30, 1877, aged ninety- five.

Mrs. Rachel Jackson, March 12, 1836, aged ninety- six.

Timothy Ladd, August 30, 1834, aged ninety-six. 11

John Butler, September 10, 1883, aged ninety- seven.

Mrs. Esther Faulkner, November 29, 1876, aged one hundred and one years, one month, seven days.

Mrs. Sarah Draper, December 19, 1863, aged one hundred and one years, five months, sixteen days.

Mrs. Hannah Bailey, November, 1822, aged one hun- dred and four years, three months.

The oldest person now living in the town is Mrs. Sophronia (Mann) Pieree, born in Smith- field, R. I., June 14, 1785.

CIVIL LIST .-

TOWN CLERKS OF CHESTERFIELD (1770-1885).

Ephraim Baldwin, 1770 to 1784.

Jacob Amidon, 1785 to 1799.

Solomon Harvey, 1800 to 1817.

Abraham Wood, Jr., 1818 to 1833.

George H. Fitch, 1834 to 1835.

Need help finding more records? Try our genealogical records directory which has more than 1 million sources to help you more easily locate the available records.

History of Cheshire and Sullivan counties, New Hampshire, Part 27

Author: Hurd, D. Hamilton (Duane Hamilton) Publication date: 1886 Publisher: Philadelphia : J. W. Lewis Number of Pages: 1200

Author: Hurd, D. Hamilton (Duane Hamilton)
Publication date: 1886
Publisher: Philadelphia : J. W. Lewis
Number of Pages: 1200