USA > New Hampshire > Rockingham County > Candia > History of the town of Candia, Rockingham County, N.H., from its first settlement to the present time > Part 10
Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).
Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Part 17 | Part 18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22 | Part 23 | Part 24 | Part 25 | Part 26 | Part 27 | Part 28 | Part 29 | Part 30 | Part 31 | Part 32 | Part 33 | Part 34 | Part 35 | Part 36 | Part 37 | Part 38 | Part 39 | Part 40 | Part 41 | Part 42
Section 2. The President shall preserve order and deco- rum, and definitely decide on questions of order.
Section 3. Questions shall be definitely put in the affirm- ative and negative, if the President doubts or a division is called for, those in the affirmative shall first rise from their seats, and afterwards those in the negative.
Section 4. All committees, except the Standing Commit- tee, shall be appointed by the President, unless a majority of the members present shall otherwise direct.
ADMISSION OF MEMBERS.
ARTICLE II.
Section I. The names of persons proposed for admit- tance shall be given to the President in writing, signed by two of the Standing Committee, and the paper containing the recommendations shall be filed by the Secretary.
Section 2. The candidates shall be admitted, not exceed- ing six at one time, by a Steward, under the direction of the President. On the entry of the candidates, the mem- bers shall rise from their seats and stand, until the candi- dates are presented to the chair. The President or some other of the Standing Committee, shall address the candi- dates in the following manner :
.
I21
HISTORY OF CANDIA.
GENTLEMEN :-
You have been balloted for and admitted thus far into this society ; but before you are admitted to all the privi- leges of the society, it becomes my duty to inform you on what principles this society was established.
We believe the cause of Benevolence is better promoted among our fellow citizens, by forming in their minds the true principles of moralty and integrity, than by charitable distributions of money. We believe the best method to prevent distress among the citizens of any country, is to adopt a government for themselves, which shall secure them rights and privileges, and we think the Constitution of the United States establishes such a government. But no system of government can be so properly formed, that by being badly administered it may not be corrupted and perverted to improper uses.
While the Government of the United States was adminis- tered by that illustrious patriot, George Washington, it was conducted with purity, honesty, a due regard to the Consti- tution and the best interests of the citizens, as proved by our general prosperity. It is, therefore, the duty of every good citizen to use all lawful exertions to prevent corrup- tion under every spurious mark from destroying our Con- stitution, and to place the administration of the govern- ment in the hands of the disciples of Washington. Having observed with regret the baleful effects of combinations against the morals and habits of our fellow-citizens, the dangerous influence of designing men, and the popular de- ception they practice by pretending to be the friends of the people, and of Liberty and equality, we have adopted as our .motto, "By their fruits ye shall know them." Con- vinced that when bad men combine good men should unite, this society has thought it necessary to associatefor the purpose of preserving inviolate the true principles of our Federal Government, more effectually to establish among our fellow-citizens Morality, Harmony, Benevo- lence, and a union of sentiments to support sound principles, to aid the distressed, and diffuse such useful information as may promote the general good.
He shall then ask the candidates the following questions :
.
-
122
HISTORY OF CANDIA.
I. Are you willing to join a society supporting these principles ?
If this question is answered in the affirmative, the candi- dates must be directed to answer on their honor the follow ing questions, which are to be put separate, and the assent of the candidates required to each :
2. Are you firmly attached to the Constitution of the United States ?
3. Are you willing to use your exertions to preserve it against the inroads of Despotism, Monarchy, Aristocracy and Democracy, and endeavor to have it administered on the principles of our beloved Washington ?
4. Will you endeavor to divest yourself of all partiality to foreign nations, which shall interfere with the interests. of the United States ?
5. Will you agree to use your privilege as citizens, and , vote at elections for such men as you conscientiously be- lieve will be faithful to the Constitution, and attached to those political principles which distinguished the adminis- tration of Washington ?
6. Will you endeavor to aid and assist the members of this society in their several callings, when it will not inter- fere with your duty to others or your own interests ?
7. Will you promise never to communicate, unless it be to a member of this society or when compelled by due pro- cess of law, anything said or done in this society ?
The candidates shall then be requested to repeat the fol- lowing : "All these things I do most solemnly declare on my honor, and call on all those who are present to wit- ness."
The President shall then address the candidates, and tak- ing each by the right hand, shall, in a low voice, divulge to them the Pass-Word and Countersign of the society, and charge them never to divulge or mention them as the Pass- Word and Countersign of the society to any person, not even a member, excepting within the room where the soci- ety is assembled and to the door-keeper, for the purpose of gaining admittance, and then only in a whisper.
The newly admitted members shall then subscribe to the Constitution, pay the initiation fee to the Treasurer, and re-
123
HISTORY OF CANDIA.
ceive a certificate of admission with a copy of Washing- ton's Farewell Address.
MEETINGS.
ARTICLE III.
Section 1. The monthly meetings of this society, ap- pointed by the Constitution, shall be holden on the first Monday of each month.
Section 2. The Secretary shall cause notice to be pub- lished the week preceding the monthly meeting, of the · time and place of holding such meeting.
Section 3. It shall be the duty of the President, whenev - er it shall be recommended by two or more of the Standing Committee of the society, and direct the Secretary to give notice of the meeting to as many members as the time will admit.
BUSINESS.
ARTICLE IV.
Section 1. It shall be the duty of the Standing Commit- tee to appoint one or more persons to deliver an address at each monthly meeting.
The committee shall also propose at each monthly meet- ing, a subject or question of discussion at the next succeed- ing monthly meeting, and appoint two disputants on each side of the question, whose particular duty it shall be to discuss the question, any other members, however, to be at liberty to deliver his sentiments.
ORDER.
ARTICLE V.
Section 1. When any member is about to speak in de- bate and deliver his sentiments on any matter to the socie- ty, he shall rise from his seat and respectfully address him- self to the President.
Section 2. When two or more members happen to rise at once, the President is to name the member who is first to speak.
Section 3. No member shall speak more than twice on the same subject, without the leave of the meeting.
124
HISTORY OF CANDIA.
Section 4. When a member is speaking, no private dis- course shall be held in the room, nor shall any person pass between him and the President.
Section 5. While the President is putting the question or addressing the meeting, or while the ceremony of initiation is performing, no person shall enter or go out, or walk across the room, or hold any conversation or private dis- course in the room.
Section 6. When the reading of any paper is called for, and objection is made thereto by any member, the society shall determine it.
Section 7. No smoking, either of cigars or pipes, shall be allowed in the room when the society is assembled on business; nor shall any liquors or other refreshments be in- troduced.
Section 8. Any member guilty of riotous, indecorous or improper conduct shall be publicly reprimanded by the President, or expelled from the society at the discretion of those present ; but no member shall be expelled except twenty members are present, and the votes of two-thirds of all members present shall be necessary to expel a member.
ARTICLE VI.
Section I. It shall be the particular duty of one of the Stewards to superintend the door.
Section 2. The doorkeeper shall attend at least half-an hour before the time appointed for the meeting of the socie- ty, shall see the room is lighted and a fire kindled when necessary.
Section 3. The doorkeeper shall receive the pass-word from all the persons wishing to enter the society, after the meeting is opened for business, and the countersign from all persons not members of this society, and on meeting them shall admit them under the direction of the President.
Section 4. When a member of any other society shall ask for admission, he shall report his name, together with the evidence of his membership to the Steward, and the Steward shall inform the President, who may direct his ad- mission, if satisfied of his being a brother.
125
HISTORY OF CANDIA.
AUDITING ACCOUNTS.
ARTICLE . VII.
Section 1. All accounts for auditing shall be endorsed with the names of two of the Stewards.
Section 2. The Treasurer shall pay no accounts or bills out of the funds of the society, unless they shall have been audited by three of the Standing Commit- tee one of whom shall be the President, and the names of the auditors shall be signed with their own hands to the amount audited.
Section 3. No accounts shall be audited without the persons auditing shall be present at a meeting appointed for that purpose.
ARTICLE VIII.
. Every alteration or amendment of the By-Laws that may hereafter be proposed, shall be made in writing and laid on the Secretary's table for consideration one month previous to its adoption.
NAMES OF MEMBERS.
Moses Fitts, Samuel Foster, Daniel Fitts, Henry Eaton, John Clay, Samuel Fitts, William Robie, Samuel Clough, Jesse Eaton, Samuel Sargent, 'Peter Eaton, Samuel Ander- son, Moses Patten, Ichabod Cass, Josiah Shannon, Parker Hills, John Buswell, Joseph Hubbard, John Lane, Jr., Nathaniel Wheat, Josiah Sargent, John Prince, Joshua Hub- bard, Joseph Prince, Benjamin Cass, Nathaniel Rowe, Thomas Remington, William Eaton, Reuben Fitts, Moses Emerson, Jr., Moses Chase, Jr., Nathan Brown, Jr., Samu- el Cass, Jr., Daniel Fitts, Jr., Caleb Prince, Samuel Cass, Moses Sargent, 3d., Joshua Lane, Thomas Wason, Thom- as Hobbs, Isaac Libby, Jeremiah Brown, Tiltons H. Bur- pee, Eben Eaton, Abraham Fitts, Jacob Buswell, Jesse Merrill, Moses Barnard, Walter Clay, Thomas Wilson, Amos Knowles, George Titcomb, John Robie, 3d., Asa Ea- ton, Benjamin Eaton, Jr., Jacob P. Sargent, Nehemiah Brown, Ezekiel Lane, John Emerson, John Fitts, Moses Sargent, Jr., Elijah Clough, Samuel Anderson, Jr., Robert Crawford, Henry Clark, Nicholas French, Jr., Theophilus Currier, Stephen Smith, Joseph Burpee.
I26.
HISTORY OF CANDIA.
The above document is copied here as a part of the polit- ical history of Candia. The sentiments contained in the preamble are patriotic and well expressed. The men who signed their names to the paper were among the most in- telligent and worthy in the town, and there is no reason to doubt that in joining the society they were endeavoring to promote the welfare of their country. The meetings of the society were probably held in a hall in the second story of Moses Fitts' store. Why the members of the society deemed it expedient to keep their deliberations upon public affairs a profound secret, can only be surmised.
It may be mentioned here that about the beginning of the present century, many prominent men belonging to New England favored secession from the southern states. Among them were some of the most eminent men of New Hampshire. The late Governor Plumer, in a letter to John Quincy Adams says : "During the session of Congress in 1804, I was a member of the United States Sen- ate, and was at Washington every day. In the course of the session, at different times and places, several of the Federal Senators and Representatives from the New Eng- land states informed me that they thought it necessary to establish a separate government in New England, and if it should be found to be practicable, to extend as far south as to include Pennsylvania. They complained that the slave holding states had acquired, by means of their slaves, a great increase of representatives in Congress." Governor Plumer added : "I was myself in favor of a separate gov- ernment for New England."
The biographer of Governor Plumer has quoted from the published letters of many New England statesmen, jurists and divines, similar sentiments.
THE WAR OF 1812.
The British Government became more aggressive towards the United States from year to year, and at length it became evident that their emissaries were employed in exciting the western Indians against the Americans. The frontier settlers were greatly alarmed, and it soon became appar- ent that a majority of the people of the country demanded
1
127
HISTORY OF CANDIA.
that the outrageous conduct of the British rulers should be resisted by the force of arms. War was declared against England, June 18, 1812, and Congress passed an act au- thorizing the President to enlist 75, 000 volunteers, and to no- tify the governors of the several states to call out 100,000 men belonging to the local militia, to defend the sea coast and the frontiers.
New Hampshire responded to the call of President Madi- son, and Governor Langdon issued a general order for de- taching 3, 500 men from the militia of the state. The order was obeyed, and the companies and regiments were duly or- ganized.
In the latter part of June, 1812, Governor Plumer ordered General Clement Storer, of the First Brigade, to detach two companies from his command to be stationed at Portsmouth for the defence of the sea coast. Subsequently, two other companies were detached and stationed at Portsmouth. In July, 1812, Governor Plumer ordered Brigadier-General Robinson, of the Third Brigade, to detach a company of artillery for the defence of Portsmouth. This company was under the command of Captain John Leonard, of Lon- donderry, and was stationed at Jaffrey's Point, where a bat- tery of two nine pounders had been erected. The men en- listed in this company belonged to the several regiments which constituted the Third Brigade, among which was the Seventeenth regiment. Among the members of the compa- ny from Candia, were William Turner, Winthrop S. Dear- born, Josiah Whicher, and Enoch Worthen. The company served three months, and was discharged November 30, 1812. Winthrop S. Dearborn subsequently enlisted in an- other regiment, and was present at the battle of Plattsburg.
In August, 1812, a company of artillery was detached from the Third Brigade for the defence of Portsmouth. The company was stationed at Jaffrey's Point, which commands Little Harbor, where a battery of two nine pounders had been erected. John Leonard, of Londonderry, was Cap- tain of the company, Winthrop S. Dearborn and Enoch Worthen, of Candia, were privates.
In the summer of 1814, great fears were entertained of an attack upon Portsmouth, as many British men-of-war
I28
HISTORY OF CANDIA.
were constantly cruising near the coast in plain sight of the people in that vicinity. ' At the call of the Governor, a large body of troops was detached from the various regiments of the State. These troops, which were enlisted for ninety days, were under the command of Brigadier-General Mont- gomery. The following is a list of the names of the Can- dia men, who were members of the company commanded by Captain Samuel Aiken :
Joseph Hubbard, Ist. Lieutenant ; William Turner, Ser- geant ; Abel Reed, Sergeant ; Benjamin Rowe, Corporal ; Richard Eaton, Josiah Turner, Daniel Taylor, Gilman Richardson, Josiah Lane, John Clark, Willis Patten, Mos- es Patten, Jonathan Robie, Nathan Thorn, John Colby, Jeremiah Brown, Parker Hills, Benjamin Eaton, Moses Stevens, Sewell Brown, John Moore, Moses Critchett, Biley Smith, Sargent French, James Wilson, Aaron Rowe, Will- iam Eaton, Joseph Rand.
The following are the names of the Candia men, who served in the company commanded by Captain Collins, of Deerfield :
Jonathan Cass, Sergeant ; Josiah Whicher, Corporal ; Squires Batchelder, Joseph Clifford, Richard. Currier, Gil- man D. Cass, Jonathan Emerson, James P. French, Reu ben Gale, Phinehas Healey, John Towle.
DRAFTED MEN.
In May, 1814, a company of men was drafted from the Seventeeth regiment to defend Portsmouth Harbor. The following are the names of the members of the company who belonged in Candia :
Reuben Bean, Sergeant ; Moses Dudley, Corporal ; Mos- es Critchett, Musician. Privates : Josiah Anderson, Jona- than Cass, Richard Cass, Richard Robie, Wadley Richard- son, Enoch Worthen.
Thomas D. Morrison, of Candia, was a member of Cap- tain Charles E. Tobey's Company, of the 21st Regiment, of United States Infantry, commanded by Colonel James Mill- er. Mr. Morrison was present at the bloody battle of Bridgewater, sometimes called the battle of Niagara, be- cause it was fought near the great cataract of that name.
JOHN MOORE.
Sketch, page 501.
MARY MOORE.
7
CHAPTER XVII.
SCHOOLS.
IN 1647, when New Hampshire was a British Province, a law in relation to public schools was enacted, of which the following is a part :
It is ordered that every township in the jurisdiction, after the Lord has increased them to the number of fifty house- holders, shall then forthwith appoint one within their town to teach all children as shall resort to him to write and read, whose wages shall be paid either by the parents or masters of such children ; or by the inhabitants in gen- eral, by way of supply, as the major part of those that or-' dered the prudentials of the town shall appoint, provided those that send their children be not oppressed by paying much more than they can have them taught for in other towns.
And it is further ordered that when any town shall in- crease to the number of one hundred families or household- ers, they shall set up a grammar school, the master, thereof, being able to instruct youth so far as they may be fitted for the University ; provided, that if any town neglect the per- formance hereof, above one year, that every such town shall pay £5 to the next school, till they shall perform this order.
In 1719, an act was passed which provided that every town within this province having the number of fifty house- holders or upwards, shall be constantly provided with a schoolmaster to teach children and youth to read and write. And when any town or towns shall have the num- ber of one hundred families or householders, there shall be a grammar school set up and kept in every such town, and by some discreet person of good conversation, well in- structed in the tongues, shall be procured to be the master thereof ; and every such schoolmaster to be suitably en- couraged and paid by the inhabitants.
129
9
1
130
HISTORY OF CANDIA.
When the proprietors of old Chester surveyed and laid out the town, they reserved lots in the several divisions for the support of public schools ; but the schools were not established in the first settlement until 1737, about fourteen years after the charter was obtained. In that year, it was voted to raise thirty pounds to hire a schoolmaster. Before that date, some of the children were taught at private houses. In 1738, twenty pounds were raised for the support of schools, and in 1740, it was voted that there should be a school maintained in the town that year throughout ; partly by schoolmasters and partly by school dames, as the se- lectmen should judge best.
In 1748, the first settlement was made in Candia. This settlement remained a parish of old Chester for a period of fifteen years. During a part of that time, two or three schools were maintained in the parish by the town of Ches- ter.
In the selectmen's accounts in Chester, in 1757, the follow- 1 ing item appeared :
"Paid to Charming Fare (the first name of Candia) {26 for schooling." Samuel Mooers, who had previously moved from Chester to Candia, was a school teacher at the latter place in 1757, and he was probably the first school teacher in the town.
In 1763, Candia became an independent township. At the annual town meeting in Chester, in 1763, soon after Candia, then sometimes called Charming Fare, was incor- porated, it was voted :
That it be left with the selectmen to inquire into and see how much is justly due to Charming Fare, so called, for their proportion of the school money raised in this town for three years past, and if they have not had their share then to deliver the same to them, provided they lay out the same for schooling among themselves; and also all the other parts of the town that have not had their proportion of the schooling, nor money as above mentioned, shall be consid- ered, and have their proportion on the same conditions.
THE FIRST SCHOOL.
Soon after the town of Candia was organized, measures
131
HISTORY OF CANDIA.
were taken to provide for the education of the young. Among the first entries in the selectmen's accounts in 1764, is the following item :
" Paid Dr. Samuel Mooers for keeping school, 40 pounds. The salary of Dr. Mooers, the teacher, was doubtless paid in paper currency, which had become considerably depre- ciated. The town appropriated a sum of money from year to year, until the outbreak of the War of the Revolution. For sometime after that event no appropriations were made.
The following are the names of some of the teachers in the schools from 1764 to 1776 :
Samuel Mooers, Daniel Rowe, Mrs. Zachariah Clifford, Master Haselton, Mrs. Isaac Clifford, Mrs. Bowen, Master Shaw, Nathaniel Emerson, Mrs. Israel Gilman, Master Jew- ett, Mrs. Richard Clifford, Paul Jewett, Samuel Buswell, Ezekiel Worthen, Walter Robie, Elizabeth Smith, Abraham Fitts, William Dowlan, Ebenezer Eaton, Master Forsaith, Master Hassard, Master Otis, Master Sawyer, Master Hoyt, Huldah Sanborn.
In the early days, the schools were mostly kept in rooms hired of the citizens in various parts of the town, and some- times a teacher, after teaching a school in one quarter of the town a short time, would open a school in another sec- tion during the same season of the year. Reading, writing and arithmetic were the principal studies in the school dur- ing the first forty years.
The following are the names of some of the teachers, who had charge of the schools between the years 1780 and 1800 :
Master Severance, Master Condy, Ichabod Robie, Mas- ter True, Master Melville, Master Allen, Dolly Sanborn, Master Perley, Lydia Fitts, Dr. Kelly, Mrs. Burbank, Debo- rah Hobbs, Master Jenkins, Master Prince. Sarah Thorn. Mrs. Smith, Mrs. Peabody, Mrs. Plumer, Molly Ordway, Master Moses Fitts, Dr. Samuel Foster, Master Brown, Sa- rah Bean, Master Howe, Abigail Clifford, Jonathan Bean, Master Towle, Master Mitchell, Molly Silver, Master Batch- elder, Richard Emerson, Master Bagley, Master Hall, Mas- er Gilman, Master Clark, Master Sargent, Master Coffin,
132
HISTORY OF CANDIA.
Master Huntoon, Ruth Lane, Master Randall, Joanna Da- vis, Molly Chase.
The locations or districts, where the schools were estab- lished, were called quarters for many years. Thus there was the center quarter at the Corner, the west quarter at the west end of High Street, the southwest quarter, after- wards called the South Road district, the southeast quarter at Patten's Hill, the northeast quarter, now called the Island district, the east quarter, now East Candia district, the south quarter, now called the Chester Road district, the north quarter, afterwards called the Walnut Hill district, the northeast quarter, now the Village district, the north,- west quarter, afterwards the North Road district or Dis- trict No. 7. The school district in the neighborhood of the Congregational Church was called the United district for several years, and sometimes the Meeting House district.
About the year 1825, the districts in the town had in- creased to the number of thirteen. At about that time these districts were numbered in the following manner :
District No. I was that part of the town in the vicinity of the Corner. District No. 2 was the territory lying near the Congregational Meeting House. District No. 3 was that section which borders upon the south end of the South Road. District No. 4 was that part of the town, which is situated upon the south end of the road which extends from Chester to Deerfield. District No. 5 was made up of the territory lying on the east end of High Street, be- ginning at a point about two-fifths of a mile west of the
Congregational Meeting House. District No. 6 was the territory which borders upon the west end of High Street. District No. 7 was constituted of territory situated at the northwest section of the town. District No. 8 was made up of territory situated near Walnut Hill. This district was originally a part of district No. 2. The territory was organized as a separate district about the year 1814.
District No.9 was made up of territory situated in the Village and the immediate vicinity. District No. 10, which was sometimes called the Critchett district and sometimes the Colcord district, included the territory situated in the northeast section of the town. It is now called th
Need help finding more records? Try our genealogical records directory which has more than 1 million sources to help you more easily locate the available records.