USA > New Hampshire > Rockingham County > Exeter > History of the town of Exeter, New Hampshire > Part 22
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It is on this occasion that the town, for the first time, granted partial exemption from taxation to volunteer soldiers. On the third of February, 1745-6, it was
Voted, That all who went in the first embarkation against Cape Breton be exempted from their town poll-tax rate the present year, and that all who yet remain at Cape Breton be exempted from pay- ing their province rate for their polls the present year.
Major Gilman distinguished himself by his ingenious device for transporting the artillery over the swamps, into which the wheels of the gun carriages sank so deeply that they could not be moved. He had been engaged in lumbering, and was used to drawing masts by teams of men over boggy ground upon sleds, and advised the same course with the artillery. It was adopted, and with
Clement Moody
232
HISTORY OF EXETER.
complete success, and the expedient contributed greatly to the speedy reduction of the town.
Dr. Gilman was severely wounded near Louisburg by a piece of shell, and returned to his home.
OCCURRENCES OF 1746.
In 1746 a regiment of eight hundred men was raised in New Hampshire for an expedition against Canada, and placed under the command of Colonel Theodore Atkinson. One of the companies was raised by Captain Dudley Odlin of Exeter ; but no further in- formation in reference to it is to be found. The expedition accomplished nothing.
On the first of June, in the same year, Captain Daniel Ladd of Exeter commanded a company of about fifty men to perform scout duty at Canterbury and vicinity. His lieutenant, Jonathan Bradley, and a part of his men were from Exeter. They were on duty through June, August and September. On the tenth of August they were at Rumford, now Concord, and Lieutenant Bradley, with a party of seven, started for a garrison two miles distant, and fell into an ambush of a large party of savages, who killed the lieutenant, fighting valiantly till the last, and five of his companions, and carried two into captivity, one only escaping.
Two days after Captain Ladd's company set out, a squad of fourteen men, all from Exeter it is believed, marched under the command of Sergeant Joseph Rollins, from Portsmouth to Canter- bury, to carry provisions to the soldiers there stationed. They took with them a train of sixteen horses. The roll comprises the names of Jeremiah Bean, Wadleigh Cram, Joshua Folsom, Josiah Folsom, Daniel Grant, Samuel Hall, Thomas Kimball, Joseph Leavitt, Samuel Norris, Jonathan Robinson, Josiah Robinson, Josiah Rollins, Josiah Sanborn and Benjamin Smith. They were absent three days.
On the twenty-first of August, 1746, John (or Nathaniel) Folsom of Exeter was shot dead by Indians at Nottingham, where he was stationed for the defence of the inhabitants. The tradi- tion is that he volunteered to take the place of a neighbor who had been drafted for the service, but whose sweetheart was unwilling that he should go ; and that he was left alone at Nottingham by his companion soldiers, before those drawn to succeed them had arrived there ; also that two of the Indians in the party who killed
233
HISTORY OF EXETER.
him were Sabatis and Plausawa, who were, in the fall of 1753, slain by Peter Bowen and one Morrill at Contoocook.
THE CROWN POINT EXPEDITIONS.
In 1755, war having broken out again between the English and the French, and an expedition being projected against Crown Point, under the command of General William Johnson, New Hampshire raised a regiment of five hundred men for the purpose, and put it under the command of Colonel Joseph Blanchard. The Exeter company consisted of eighty-four men.
The following is a roll of the company, being the imperfect list given in Potter's Military History, completed from papers left by Captain Folsom, who, during the Revolution, was a major general in command of the State militia :
Nathaniel Folsom, Captain
Nicholas Dolloff
Jeremiah Gilman, Lieutenant
Benjamin Dow
Jonathan Folsom, Ensign
Samuel Dudley
David Page, Ensign
Trueworthy Dudley
John Cartee, Sergeant
Benjamin Folsom
Gilman Dudley, Sergeant
John Folsom
Jonathan Norris, Sergeant
Benjamin Fox
Elias Smith, Sergeant
Edward Fox
Jacob Smith, Sergeant
Caleb Gilman
Moses Gilman, Corporal
Jeremiah Gilman, Jr.
William Gilman, Corporal
Joseph Goodhue
Dudley Hardy, Corporal
Benjamin Green
Solomon Smith, Corporal
Ambrose Hinds
Nathaniel Folsom, Jr., Clerk
Jacob Hobbs John Holland
Moses Baker
Ebenezer Hutchinson
Benjamin Batchelder
John Kimball
William Batchelder
Nathaniel Kimball
Ebenezer Bean
Benjamin Kimming
Dudley Becket
Joseph Leavitt
Jacob Bridgham
Nathaniel Leavitt
Daniel Cartee
Green Longfellow
Benjamin Cass
Nathaniel Meloon
Francis Coombs
Isaac Perkins
Robert Cram
Thomas Perkins
Thomas Creighton
Ephraim Pettingill
William Davis
Joseph Pettit
David Dolloff
Jacob Pike
Joseph Dolloff
James Piper
William Moore, Drummer
234
HISTORY OF EXETER.
Jeremiah Prescott
Jonathan Smith
Samuel Pulsifer
Solomon Smith, Jr.
Joseph Purington Robert Rollins
Thomas Smith
William Smith
Daniel Sanborn
John Steel
Tristram Sanborn
Nathaniel Stevens
Joseph Scribner
John Taylor
Robert Seldon
John Thing
Abraham Sheriff
Caleb Thurston
Abraham Smart
John Thurston
Edward Smith
Matthias Towle
Israel Smith
Samuel Webb
Jacob Smith, Jr.
Josiah Wiggin
Jacob Smith, 3d.
Samuel Winslow
John Smith
John Whittum
CAPTAIN FOLSOM AT LAKE GEORGE.
On the eighth of September General Johnson was attacked in his camp at Lake George by Baron Dieskau at the head of the French troops and Indians, who met with a disastrous repulse. The New Hampshire regiment was stationed at Fort Edward, several miles away, but a scouting party having reported that there were indications of a conflict, Captain Folsom was ordered out with eighty men of the New Hampshire regiment (presumably the Exeter company) and forty men of New York under Captain McGinnis. They attacked and dispersed the guard placed over the baggage of the French army, and when the retreating troops of Dieskau appeared, Folsom stationed his men among the trees, and kept up a fire upon the enemy till night, inflicting much damage. This exploit, in which Folsom lost but six men, and deprived the enemy of their baggage and ammunition, gained great credit to that officer and his command.
After the engagement at Lake George it was deemed necessary to reinforce General Johnson, and New Hampshire put in the field a second regiment, of three hundred men, commanded by Colonel Peter Gilman of Exeter. The first company had for its officers two Exeter men, Jethro Pearson, captain, and Nicholas Gilman, lien- tenant, and was composed of inhabitants of the town and vicinity.
A contribution by several of the citizens of the town in Septem- ber, 1755, produced the sum of two hundred and seventy pounds, to be divided as bounty between six volunteer troopers in the Crown Point expedition. The names of five of the volunteers
235
HISTORY OF EXETER.
appear by a contemporaneous document to have been Nathaniel Thing, Eliphalet Giddinge, Samuel Conner, Jr., Joseph Smith and Robert Smith. It is not known who was the sixth.
About the same time a scout was led into the vicinity of Number Four (Charlestown), by Captain Summersbee Gilman. It is un- certain who or how many others of the citizens of Exeter were of the party, but tradition gives the names of Dr. Robert Gilman and Captain James Leavitt as among them.
The regiment contributed by New Hampshire in 1756 for the expedition against Crown Point, and commanded by Colonel Nathaniel Meserve, contained these three subaltern officers, Samuel Folsom, David Page and Trueworthy Ladd, and a number of men, belonging to Exeter, several of whom were attached to a company of carpenters, under the command of Captain John Giddinge. Toward the close of the campaign Captain John Gilman joined the regiment with a company of seventy-three men, recruited from Exeter and neighboring places. Little was accom- plished by the expedition.
Another " Crown Point " expedition was organized in 1757, and a New Hampshire regiment under the same colonel took part in it. John Gilman was the major, and John Lamson the surgeon's mate, of the regiment, both of Exeter. A company under Captain Richard Emery was raised in Exeter and the adjacent towns. The greater part of the regiment with its lieutenant colonel and major, including this company, were surrendered at Fort William Henry on the ninth of August, by the English Colonel Monroe, to the French General Montcalm. The capitulation provided that the English and provincials should be allowed the honors of war and a safe escort with their baggage to Fort Edward. This stip- ulation was shamefully violated. The Indian allies of the French fell upon the defenceless prisoners, and plundered and butchered or made prisoners of a great portion of them. The New Hamp- shire regiment lost eighty of its two hundred men.
CAPITULATION OF FORT WILLIAM HENRY.
Of Exeter men, Dr. John Lamson, James Calfe, Antipas - Gilman, Thomas Parker and Cæsar Nero (a slave of Major Gilman) are known to have been carried captive to Canada. It is believed that they all, excepting Calfe, eventually returned to their homes, though Cæsar Nero continued a prisoner for three
236
HISTORY OF EXETER.
years or more. As for Dr. Lamson, his adventures deserve espe- cial mention. When the savages were let loose upon the prisoners he allowed himself to be stripped of his clothing, rather than lose his fife, and was taken a captive to Canada. His Indian master there, when under the influence of strong drink, repeatedly threatened his life, and the doctor, upon application to the French governor at Montreal, was ransomed, and despatched to France in a cartel ship, whence he was exchanged and sent to England. There, by reason of his familiarity with the French language, he was suspected of being a spy, but a letter which he wrote in exon- eration of himself attracted the attention of General Edward Wolfe, the father of the future captor of Quebec, and Lamson was appointed surgeon's mate in the king's regiment which the elder Wolfe commanded. But Lamson desired to return to his home, and the general procured him a position on the Norwich man-of-war bound to America. He thus returned to Exeter after an absence of less than two years. He was not deterred by his hard experience from subsequently serving as surgeon of another New Hampshire regiment, as will appear.
At the same massacre at Fort William Henry, Major John Gilman was fortunate enough to escape captivity, but at the cost of losing his clothing and of suffering great hardships. It is said that to avoid the savages he was obliged to swim the Hudson river three several times.
His statement of the loss of property which he sustained on the occasion, and for which he was reimbursed by the province, is here given, as evidence of the style in which an officer of rank, at that day, took the field.
An Inventory of Cloaths &c Taken by the Indians from Major John Gilman after the Capitulation at Fort William Henry in August, 1757 .- Viz.
To 1 Great Coat £15,-three other Coats £40- £55. 0. 0
3 Jackets £30-2 Waiste Coats £12- 42. 0. 0
1 Gown £9-2 pr breeches £14- 23. 0. 0
5 White Shirts £25-4 Striped Do £10- 35. 0. 0
1 pr boots 90s .- 2 pr shoes 50s-
7. 0.0
2 Worsted Caps 22s 6-3 Linnen Do 20s-
2. 2. 6
2 black ribbands 22s 6-2 Silk handk'fs 60s
4. 2. 6
1 Tea pot 15s-1 Coffe pot 9s-2 tin pint pots 7s 6-
1 Do 2 pint 2s 1 Do Jill 1s 6 1 Tunnel 2s-Grater 1s 6
2 Tin Sause 6s-3 Tea Spoons 1s 9 2. 6. 6
237
HISTORY OF EXETER.
4 lb. Chocolate 20s 1lb. Tea 35s-8 lb. Coffee 32s 4. 7.0
3 pr worsted stockins 100s-3 pr Cotton Do. 75s- 3 pr yarn Do. 52s 6- 11. 7.6
1 gold Laced Hatt £12 1 Ditto plain £4 16. 0. 0
1 Wigg 90s-2 tin Canisters 10s 1 lb Ginger 5s 5. 5.0
Bible 2 Vols 60s Sermon book 10s Ivory book 15s 4. 5.0
1 book of Military discipline 0. 15. 0
2 c Pump nails 2s 6 ¿c 10d Ditto 3s-1 brass Ink pot 10s- 0. 15. 6 12. 0
1 Pocket knife & fork 7s-1 paper Ink powder 5s
2 pr gloves 20s-1 bridle 20s-Saddle baggs 40s
4. 0. 0
1 Comb 1s 6 2 blankets £6-1 Chest Loek 20s-
7. 1.6
1 gun £17. 10 1 Sword Silver hilted £20-1 Flask 30s
39. 0. 0
1 Watch £20 1 Tin paper Case 7s 6
20. 7.6
1 Pocket book 5s Cash 50s-Table Cloth 15s
1 glass bottle 2s-1 wooden Ditto 4s-
3. 16.0
2 flat Irons 33s 9, 1 Punch bowl 13s 3d-
2. 7.0
63 lb Pewter 60s 9d-§ Doz Tea Cups & Sausers 15s-
3.15.9
¿ Doz knives & forks 33s 9d ¿ Doz wine glasses 33s 9
3. 7.6
1 pepper box 2s-a Cuttoo 6s -¿ Pins 4s-
0. 12. 0
¿ yd Quality for gunstring 3s- 1 hodd 12s 6
0.15. 6
1 Sword belt 15s-6 lb Soap 18s
1. 13. 0
To my Negro boy's Gun & Cloathing
he being taken & carryd to Canada
30. 0. 0
New Tenor 330. 13. 3
Errors Excepted per
JOIIN GILMAN
Sworn to in ye house May 5, 1758-
MEMORANDUM
The Great Coat within mentioned was of Drabb Kersey almost new - one of the other Three Coats & one pair of the Breeches were of blue broad Cloth Fine (lately made) such as is now sold for £27 old Tenor per yard -another of the said Three Coats was of Fine Duroy lined with the same -about one Quarter worn - The other of said Coats was of Light Coloured broad Cloth had been Turn'd & New lined-one of the Jackets was of Scarlet broad cloth fine and new lined with white Tammy-another of the Jackets was of Cutt Velvet Figured -The other Jacket was of Green Silk Camblet Trimmed with Silver Twist on Vellum-the other pair of the Breeches were of New Deer Skin -both of the waiste Coats was of broad cloth light coloured about half worn.
LATER EXPEDITIONS AGAINST FRENCH POSTS.
Immediately after the capitulation of Fort William Henry, a battalion of two hundred and fifty men was recruited and placed under the command of Major Thomas Tash. One of the com- panies had for its captain, John Ladd of Exeter. A small part of the company, apparently, came from the same place. The bat-
238
HISTORY OF EXETER.
talion was stationed at Number Four in the western part of the province.
Yet another regiment for the Crown Point expedition under Colonel John Hart was contributed in 1758 by the province. Its surgeon's mate was Dr. John Odlin of Exeter, and from the same place went Captain Summersbee Gilman and Captain Trueworthy Ladd, and a considerable proportion of the members of their re- spective companies, as well as Ensign Trueworthy Dudley of Captain Ladd's company. The regiment was divided, a part join- ing the expedition against Louisburg, and the residue, under the lieutenant colonel, performing gnard duty on the western frontier.
In the year 1759 New Hampshire sent a regiment of a thousand men, under the command of Colonel Zaccheus Lovewell, to serve under General Amherst against the French stations on Lake Champlain. Exeter was the headquarters of the regiment, and among its officers were Richard Emery, major, Dr. John Lamson, surgeon, and Winthrop Odlin and Samuel Folsom, captains, all of Exeter. The company of the last was undoubtedly composed in great measure of men from the same town. The regiment partic- ipated in the reduction of Ticonderoga, and in the capture of Quebec, under General James Wolfe.
The next year, another New Hampshire regiment was raised for an expedition against Canada. John Goffe was its colonel, and Richard Emery served again as major, and John Lamson as sur- geon. A company from Exeter and vicinity was commanded by Captain Jacob Tilton, whose ensign was Eliphalet Hale. This campaign resulted in the capture of Montreal and the reduction of Canada, so that peace once more allowed the American colonies to turn their entire attention to the promotion of their material prosperity.
After every war there is a manifest improvement in the militia. Those who have served and returned from the field, are not satisfied until they impart some of the soldierly discipline and drill which they there acquired to the citizens' military organizations at home. There had always been a militia in New Hampshire from the earliest settlement. The officers prided themselves very much on their titles, but the exercise of their commands was not very regular or imposing. If a man could shoot, and was ready to perform his tour of duty, the absence of uniform and ignorance of facing and wheeling were excusable.
239
HISTORY OF EXETER.
TIIE EXETER CADETS.
But after the French wars, more attention was paid to the niceties of the military art. Governor John Wentworth took pride in a fine display of soldiery, and in 1769, encouraged the people of Exeter to form a corps d'élite as a sort of exemplar to improve the character of the militia in general. It consisted of a battal- ion, termed the "Cadets," and was handsomely uniformed and equipped. Several gentlemen of the town, of age and position, joined it ; among them George Odiorne, Christopher Rymes, James Hackett, John Emery, Ephraim Robinson, Caleb Robinson, Nathaniel Gookin and William Elliott. They were allowed to choose their officers, who were commissioned by the governor ; John Phillips as colonel, Samuel Folsom as lieutenant, Colonel and Peter Coffin as major. In 1770 the governor came up from Ports- mouth with his lady and suite, when the commissions were pub- lished, and dined with Colonel Phillips ; and two years after- wards, paid another visit to his Cadets, as he termed them, and was much pleased with their military proficiency. The colonel paid great attention to the discipline and appearance of the bat- talion, and called them out often for exercise.
The governor furnished new bright muskets and equipments to the corps, and, perhaps, flattered himself that he could rely upon their support under any and all circumstances. How entirely he mistook his men, a few short years were to demonstrate.
CHAPTER XII.
THE REVOLUTION, AND THE WAR OF 1812.
IN New Hampshire, the American Revolution may be fairly said to have begun with the armed raid upon Fort William and Mary, at Newcastle, in December, 1774. This was strictly an uprising of the people, at the bidding of no higher authority than an ad- visory committee ; and as those engaged in it were liable to be visited with condign punishment if it led to no change of govern- ment, it well bespeaks the intensity of the popular feeling of re- sistance to the coercive measures of the mother country.
In this enterprise a considerable number of Exeter men were concerned, though the occasion did not require that they should contribute anything beyond their presence and moral support. The following account of the part they took was drawn in sub- stance from the lips of Gideon Lamson of Exeter, about fifty years after the occurrence :
A private scheme was laid by a few, the last of November, to get the powder and cannon from Fort William and Mary. General Sullivan, Colonel Langdon and Major Gaines and a few that could be trusted in Portsmouth, went down the river in boats in the night, and were to be supported early in the morning from Exeter. General Folsom, Colonel Nicholas Gilman and Dr. John Giddinge, with about twenty-five, who carried their arms, set off in the night agreed on. We rode into Portsmouth after daybreak, and stopped at Major Stoodley's inn ; no appearance of the design ; nothing was said about Sullivan's party. We had coffee about sunrise. Major Stoodley looked queer on such guests, with guns and bay- onets. Colonel Hackett, with fifty or sixty foot, soon after eight o'clock, stopped at the hay-market, and waited for information from General Folsom. The inhabitants, on Hackett's arrival, looked on with wonder. Little was said in answer to inquiries. At nine, Colonel Langdon came to Stoodley's and acquainted General Folsom and company with the success of the enterprise, - that General Sullivan was then passing up the river with the loaded boats of powder and cannon. The guard at the fort was small ; no resistance was made. Governor Wentworth knew nothing of
240
241
HISTORY OF EXETER.
the affair till it was too late. The narrator was the youngest per- son in the company of horse, and the only survivor of the party .*
While this account, as might be expected from the lapse of time, and the age of the relater, is incorrect as to some of the details of the transaction, there is no doubt that it is true in the main. A large party of Exeter men, seventy-five or upwards in number, marched to Portsmouth under arms, in pursuance of a concerted plan to render any necessary aid in stripping the fort of its armament, and in the movement they were headed by some of the principal citizens of the town, whose names are given in the foregoing account. For this, as well as for other demonstrations of his sympathy with the patriotic party, Colonel Nathaniel Fol- som, two months later, was, by order of the royal governor, John Wentworth, deprived of his commission as a justice of the peace.
THE POWDER FROM FORT WILLIAM AND MARY.
There were taken from Fort William and Mary, besides cannon and small arms, about one hundred barrels of gunpowder. This was conveyed up the river to places of safety. There is a popu- lar tradition that it was deposited under the pulpit of the Rev. Mr. Adams's meeting-house in Durham. Quite likely some part of it was hidden there ; but as it was important to put it out of the reach of any party that might be sent to recover it, prudence would dictate, instead of storing it all in one place, to distribute it, and at rather distant points. A letter of the time, which has for- tunately been preserved, seems to indicate such a disposition of it, in Exeter and the neighboring towns.
The letter contains an application from the chairman of the Portsmouth Committee of Correspondence to the like committee of Exeter, for four barrels of powder, under the apprehension that Portsmouth was in danger of being attacked. This was on the twenty-first of April, 1775, two days after the opening of hostil- ities at Concord and Lexington. The request was duly honored, and on the blank leaf of the application is a statement made at the time, of the quantity of powder stored in Exeter and the vicinity, as follows :
* A corroboration of this statement is found in the account presented afterwards by the town to the State of New Hampshire, as follows: To Capt. James Hackett's company to Portsmouth to take the cannon, etc., £27.11.4
To Capt. John Giddings' company to ditto, etc.,
10.11.2
To Capt. Eliphalet Ladd's account, do.
6. 0.0
16
242
HISTORY OF EXETER.
Kingston, in possession of Ebenr Long,
12 barrels.
Epping, do. David Lawrence & others, per rect. 8
Poplin,
Zach. Clough, 4
Nottingham,
Maj. Jos. Cilley, Jr. 8
Brentwood,
Capt. Marshall & James Robinson, 6
Londonderry,
Messrs. Sam1 Allison & John Bell,
1
Exeter,
Col. Sam1 Folsom, 2
Col. Nathi Folsom,
1
Col. Poor,
66
Theophilus Gilman,
Thomas Odiorne, 2
66
Ephraim Robinson,
John Rice, Esq.
66
Samuel Brooks,
Nath1 Gordon,
66
John Row, 4
66
[James Pickering,
4
Portsmouth,
Jos. Ayers, deld by Col. Gilman &
Dr. Giddings,
4
72
22222264 2 2 2 6
There can be little doubt, from all the circumstances, that this return indicates the depositaries of the greater portion of the spoils of Fort William and Mary.
THE EXETER VOLUNTEERS MARCH TO CAMBRIDGE.
Events now crowded fast upon one another. On the evening of the nineteenth of the same April, came a flying rumor to Exeter that the British regulars had marched forth from Boston, and had opened hostilities at Concord. Very soon afterward the news was confirmed from Haverhill, with the addition that the country was gathering, and a severe action was raging, when the messenger left to alarm the towns. The inhabitants of Exeter were put in great commotion. Men thronged the streets, discussing the mo- mentous intelligence until a late hour of the night. About day- break the next morning an express arrived summoning volunteers to march at once for Cambridge. The bells rang, and the drums beat to arms. There was no hesitation in the men of Exeter. Notwithstanding the absence of their trusted leaders, Nathaniel Folsom, Nicholas Gilman and Enoch Poor, who happened to be in Dover, they made haste to be ready. Some cast bullets, others made up cartridges, and every preparation was completed in the
243
HISTORY OF EXETER.
shortest time possible. At nine o'clock in the morning one hun- dred and eight men paraded near the court-house, armed and equipped. No time was wasted in preliminaries. Which road shall we take? The nearest, through Haverhill. Who shall command us? Captain Hackett. Are you ready ? demanded the newly chosen officer. Yes. March ! And they were off.
The mothers and wives and sisters of the volunteers had busied themselves in fitting them out for the march, and bade them adieu with tearful eyes, but no word of discouragement. The Exeter company spent the first night at Andover, having crossed the Merrimac by ferry at Haverhill. They found the latter town shrouded in gloom, for in addition to the prospect of a war, the best part of their village had just been laid in ruins by a destruc- tive conflagration. The company reached Cambridge about two o'clock in the afternoon of the second day. They were assigned quarters in one of the college buildings, the floor of which, as one of the men quaintly remarked, they found as hard as any other floor !
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