USA > New Hampshire > Rockingham County > Windham > The history of Windham in New Hampshire (Rockingham country). 1719-1883. A Scotch settlement (commonly called Scotch-Irish), embracing nearly one third of the ancient settlement and historic township of Londonderry, N.H > Part 11
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Sergt. Samuel Morison suffered from sun-stroke, from which he never fully recovered.
James Wilson was captured by a British soldier, and in turn he captured his captor.
John Kinkead was killed.
Some of the incidents of the Windham soldiers are finely por- trayed by one of Windham's sons, Robert Dinsmoor, the " Rustic Bard." The sad fate of John Kinkead is commemorated, and the brilliant action and romantic experience of James Wilson are wrought into verse. The "Rustic Bard " was not at the battle.
WINDHAM'S SONS AT THE BENNINGTON BATTLE, AUG. 16, 1777.
" Then with Burgoyne they battle join,
There Windham men, placed in the van, Where deadly balls did rattle ! Fell John Kinkead, on grand parade, A soldier brave in battle.
" Jem Wilson stood behind some wood, A Windham man, true-hearted, Who never ran for fear of man, Nor left his post deserted. With joyful eye he saw them fly, Their warriors all retreating ; As they withdrew, Stark's men pursue, And fear no foeman meeting.
" "T was hard to know a friend from foc In such promisenous bustle, But one Jem met who him beset, With whom he had a tussle ! Ile fired his gun, nor thought to run (Ilis foe looked somewhat slender) : The Briton brave then drew his glave, Said ' Die, or else surrender!'
" He choosing terms, threw down his arms, And begged his life's protection ;
* Grandfather of the writer.
84
HISTORY OF WINDHAM IN NEW HAMPSHIRE.
Then slowly crept, and lingering stept, A captive in dejection. But soon he sprung and round him chung With arms and all belayed him, In deadly grasp he held him fast Till our pursners aid him.
" To save his breath, most squeezed to death, Aloud he called for quarter ; Then Jem, right glad, him captive led, - The Briton 'caught a Tartar.' Then glorious Stark cried, . Brave boys, Hark ! Go to your tents renowned. The evening lowers and victory 's ours ; Your feats of valor's crowned.'"
Time of the men's service, most of them, two months and two days; the others, two months, nine days. Wages of privates, £4. 10s. per month.
In the Adjutant General's office at Concord is this return : -
April, 1777, 4 Continental men; Bounties, £120. July, 1777, Stark's Brigade, 14 men; Bounties, £184. 16s. October, 1777, Saratoga, 14 men; Bounties, £30. 10s. 10d. Liquidated.
In Capt. Stephen Dearborn's company, Col. Thomas Stickney's regiment, Stark's brigade, is Robert Dinsmoor, who served from July 19 to Sept. 20, 1777, marched from Chester, and joined the Continental army. This was not the "Rustic Bard "; it was Robert Dinsmoor, of Auburn (or Chester), as is claimed by Benjamin Chase, historian of Chester.
I will introduce a poem from the "Rustic Bard" to welcome back Lient. David Gregg, and his fourteen men, from the battle of Bennington, Sept. 26, 1777. The muse's voice has long been silent, and patriotic verse no longer emanates from his pen; the soldiers no more go forth to battle, nor hear the sound of war's alarms, but poet and soldiers rest, and gently the sod covers them.
LINES ADDRESSED TO LIEUT. DAVID GREGG, ON THE RETURN OF THE SOLDIERS FROM BENNINGTON BATTLE, SEPT. 26, 1777.
". On every side I hear a cheerful sound ; Gladness and mirth this morning doth abound. I'll run and see what all this noise doth mean, Among the crowd that stand upon the green ; But suddenly I'm struck with sweet surprise, For Welcome, welcome, welcome ! each one cries. And Windham's heroes in the midst I see, And hear a friend inquiring after me. I see the fathers welcome home their boys, Their quivering speech fulfils each other's joys. Here comes a mother to embrace her sons, But can't contain, and from their presence runs. And loving brothers here again do meet, With compliments of friendship, others greet;
85
POLITICAL ACTION, -THE EXEMPTED FARMS.
Here sweetest nymphs come in with gentle pace, But generous love beguiles the fairest face.
Those youth in raptures, urged by love's command,
Do meet the fair, and take them by the hand,
While tears of joy do wash their ruddy checks,
Which their fond heart's sweet feeling plainly speaks, And to improve a moment of such bliss, They seal their joys all in one balmy kiss.
Old Windham rears her venerable head,
Wak'd with the news that makes her daughters glad ;
She sees her sons, and thus she does impart The joy and fondness of her noble heart. Hail, martial sons, who dread no dire alarms !
Welcome once more -you're welcome to my arms ! You, to defend me, took the hostile field,
And bravely did compel the foe to yield. At your return my spirits do rejoice;
My daughters, too, shall raise cach lovely voice,
And from each lofty hill and verdant plain
Sing. Welcome home ! to each victorious swain :
And Jenny's Hill shall sound your lasting fame,
Till Cobbett's Pond re-echoes back the same."
POLITICAL ACTION OF THE TOWN.
Sept. 11, 1777. - On the article, to see what the town would allow Robert Stuart for going as a "3 years' man," voted to dis- miss for the present.
Sept. 11, 1777 .- A committee having been appointed "to adjust past services in the present war," reported as follows : -
" That those men who have served at Cambridge have had sufficient allowance, together with those that served at Winter Hill, Portsmouth, and the first expedition to Peeks Kills.
" That those men who went as volunteers to Canada shall be exempted Paying there Poll rate of the Town Bounty for the three years' men, that those who served in the Second Expedi- tion to Peeks Kill shall be allowed £4. lawful money."
Some were dissatisfied, and tried to have the town reconsider its vote to accept, but were unsuccessful.
THE EXEMPTED FARMS SET BACK INTO WINDHAM.
Sept. 26, 1777 .- By a singular arrangement, when Windham was incorporated, Feb. 12, 1742, and the boundaries established, " the polls and estates of John Archibald, James Clark, James Moor, John Hopkins, John Cochran, and their respective fami- lies," though lying within the limits of Windham, were to be con- sidered as lying and being in Londonderry, and were to be taxed in Londonderry, and not taxed in Windham. This was the cause of almost perpetual wrangling between the two towns, and the parties themselves, as oftentimes both towns levied taxes upon them. This became at last a great "thorn in the flesh" to the
86
HISTORY OF WINDHAM IN NEW HAMPSHIRE.
owners of those farms, and in 1777 they petitioned the legislature to be disannexed from Londonderry, and to be annexed to Wind- ham. Sept. 26, 1777, an Act passed the legislature, and received the governor's sanetion, annexing the polls and estates of the fol- lowing persons and their families to Windham, namely, John Cochran, John Cochran, Jr., James Cochran, Isaac Cochran, Wil- liam Dickey, John Armstrong, and David Armstrong.
The Hopkins farm exempted is now owned by Phineas D. Scott. The James Moor farm included the present farms of John A. Moor and Ephraim McDaniels. James Clark's included the land afterwards occupied by his-sons, George and Samnel Clark, on which Henry Clark lives ; also, the Holmes farm, and other land. John Archibald's farm ineluded William H. Armstrong's farm; Caleb Clark's, the places occupied by John Armstrong and his son David, at time of the annexation; the John Cochran farm is not defined ; but William Diekey, another person included in the annexation, lived upon the farm lately occupied by James Smith.
THE DAY BRIGHTENING.
After the glorious success at Bennington, the people of New England and the country were enthusiastic in support of the war. The gallant sons of the " Old Granite State" rallied to join the Northern army " as men floek to a feast," and the American pat- riots were closing in upon the English commander. After the latter's defeat at Bennington, his pathway was filled with diffi- culty and danger. On the 14th of September, 1777, twenty-nine days after the Bennington defeat, he passed the Hudson River, and advanced upon Saratoga and Stillwater in New York. On the 19th of September the armies met and the contest was not decisive, and on the 7th of October it was renewed, but neither army was overcome. But every avenue of escape was closed, the British commander was effectually " bottled up," and on the 17th of October, 1777, he, with 5,700 men, surrendered to General Gates. The joy of the Americans was unbounded.
Windham men mingled in the battles, and helped swell the ranks of the patriot army.
In Capt. Amos Gage's company, Col. Daniel Moore's regiment, which marched from Pelham, Sept. 29, 1777, and joined the Northern Continental Army at Saratoga, N. Y., were, -
Isaac Cochran, lieutenant of the company, enlisted Sept. 29; discharged Oct. 28. Time, 1 month; pay, £8. 2s. Travel out, 170 miles, 3d. per mile ; travel home, 208 miles, 2d. per mile.
James Davidson, sergeant. Time, I month; pay, £4. 18s. Total, £8. 15s. 2d. Received one day's provisions at Bennington, Vt., 3s. 4d. ; left total, £8. 11s. 10d.
Eliphalet Ladd, sergeant. Total pay, £8. 11s. 10d.
Robert Dinsmoor ("Rustic Bard"), ffer, pay per month, £4. Id. ; travel- ling fees. Total, £8. 7s. 10d.
TOWN LEGISLATION, 1777. - THE WAR CONTINUES, 1778. 87
S.
William McCoy. total, s 11 10 Alexander Simpson, total, S
John Campbell. ..
John Dinsmoor, Alexander Gregg. * Daniel Mellvaine. .. John Cochran.
John Williams, corp ..
S
John Armour, .. IO
In Capt. John Duncan's company, same regiment, which marched from Bedford and joined the army at Saratoga, was Robert Dinsmoor ; time, 27 days. This may be the unele of the " Rustic Bard," who served on " Winter Hill" with him in 1775. He is probably a Windham man.
In Capt. JJoseph Finlay's company, Lieutenant-Colonel Weleli's regiment, which marched from Londonderry, and joined the Northern Continental army at Saratoga, were Adam Dunlap, William MeKeen, JJohn McCoy, and David Quentin.t They en- listed Oct. 1, and were discharged Nov. 4, 1777 ; time, 1 month, 4 days.
William Moreland, a soldier of Windham, in Col. Geo. Reid's regiment, was killed Oct. 7, 1777.
TOWN LEGISLATION. - AFRAID OF DEBT.
Nov. 13, 1777 .- " After hearing what the town is in debt, votted that the present selectmen assess so much money as will set the town clear of debt respecting the hireing of soldiers this present year."
Dec. 16, 1777. - " Voted and allowed 20 dollars a man to each of the 14 men that went as volunteers and listed belonging to this town on the 29th of Sept. 1777."
Voted not to allow Daniel Clyde, Jr., anything for his services during the war.
So ends the political and military history of the town for 1777.
THE WAR CONTINUES, 1778.
Windham had not filled her quota in 1777, and March 3, at a town-meeting, $200 bounty was voted for each man who would enlist for three years or the war. At the same meeting, Voted $100 to William Darrah as his hire as a Continental soldier, by the hand of Col. George Reid. Darrah was then in the field.
" J'oted, That Dr. Isaac Thom is to procure the men if possible, to the best advantage of the town, and at the Town's cost."
April 20, 1778. - An article as follows was in the town warrant: "To see what method the town will take to make up their quota of the Continental men yet awanting to complete the Three bat-
* Incorrectly credited to Londonderry, in Parker's history of that town, p. 338.
+ These four soldiers are incorrectly credited to Londonderry, in Par- ker's history of that town.
88
HISTORY OF WINDHAM IN NEW HAMPSHIRE.
talions raised by this state, they being called upon to do it imme- diately by draft or other ways for the space of nine months." The vote was as follows: "Voted to accept of the men as pro- cured by James Betton, Esq., paying one hundred pound to each not exceeding four in number which appears as follows."
During this year some of our Continental soldiers were men un- known to the people of Windham. In modern days they would be known as purchased substitutes for better men.
SUBSTITUTES, -RECEIPT FOR MEN.
Exeter, April 17, 1778. - "This Day Received of James Batten of Wendham fore hundred Pounds Lawful money in full for fore Solgers that I hired to Serve in the Continental Servis for three years and marcht For head Quarters with Col. Dearborn, the mens Names are as Follows: Etinus Auberts, Gamette Antoine, Jaques honores, and Bradhebury Cabery, these are to Serve for the town of Windham in this State. SAM'L FOLSOM."
Hon. George W. Nesmith furnishes me with the name of Arch- ibald Campbell, who enlisted for this town March 3, 1778, and died July 1, 1778.
RAISING MONEY TO PAY THE DEBT.
May 28, 1778. - The town "voted that the Selectmen assess so much money immediately as will set the town clear of debt for the Continental men already raised."
In August, 1778, the French fleet was sent to operate against the British in Rhode Island. New Hampshire furnished a brigade under Mr. William Whipple. The Windham men in that expedi- tion were as follows : -
In Capt. James Aiken's company, Col. Moses Kelley's regiment, who enlisted Aug. 7, and was discharged Ang. 27, 1778, with two days allowed for their return march, and making 23 days' service, as allowed, were John Cochran, corporal, John Dinsmoor, Samuel Morison.
In Capt. James Gilmore's company, in Col. Jacob Gale's regi- ment of volunteers, of Kingston, which marched and joined the Continental army in Rhode Island, Angust, 1778, -
Capt. James Gilmore, enlisted Ang. 6, 1778; discharged Ang. 28. Time, 28 days; pay, £12. per month.
Lient. Joseph Gregg, for 25 days, E10. ; subsistence, 25 ; travelling fees, £6. 13s. 4d. Total, £21. 13s. 4d.
* William Dickey, ensign. John Simpson. David Gregg.
Alexander Simpson.
John Dinsmoor.
Adam Dunlap.
John Graham.
The following is the receipt for bounties of a portion of those men : -
* There was another William Dickey, of Londonderry, who died in the service, June 15, 1778. Ile was in Col. George Reid's regiment.
89
SOLDIERS. - BOUNTIES. - TOWN LEGISLATION, 1779.
Windham, Aug. 6, 1778. - James Gihore, David Gregg, William Gordon, William Smith, Jr., John Simpson, Alexander Simpson, John Dinsmoor, received each €10 lawful money, to join the intended expedition to Providence, R. I.
In Capt. Peter Cross's company, Col. Moses Nichols's regiment, which marched from New Hampshire, and joined the Continental army at Rhode Island, were Samuel Campbell, David Smiley, and Thomas Dunlap.
In Capt. William Boyes's company, of Col. Moses Kelley's regi- ment, in the expedition to Rhode Island, August, 1778, enlisted Ang. 7, discharged Aug. 27, were William Waugh, Robert Waugh, James Waugh.
For the Continental army, 1778, Windham sent five men, names already given.
Nov. 11, 1778, occurred the massacre at Cherry Valley, N. Y., where Col. Samuel Clyde, a native of Windham, so gallantly aided in the defence of the place, and where his wife and children fled to the woods for protection against the Indians, and were covered by the drifting snow, which saved them from perishing in the terrible night .*
At town-meeting, Dec. 4, 1778. - Chose James Betton to represent this town for the year 1779, by a majority of 70 votes. Voted not to vote for Councillors.
So closes the history of Windham for 1778.
SOLDIERS. - BOUNTIES. - TOWN LEGISLATION, 1779.
May 3, 1779. - John Joal received £30 as a bounty from Wind- ham for three years' service in the Continental army.
June 14, 1779. - William MeKeen was a soldier at Fort Wash- ington, N. H., and he and other members petitioned for assistance on account of the alarming rise in price of necessaries of life.
Nathan Shade, or Shedd, was of Windham, but served at one time for Pennacook or Concord.
* The famous Indian chieftain, General Brandt, noted for his eruelties at the massacres at Wyoming, Penn., in 1778, and of Cherry Valley, N. Y., was sent by Sir William Johnston, about 1761, to Rev. Eleazer Wheelock, first president of Dartmouth College, while the latter was principal of Moor's Charity School at Lebanon, Con., and by him he was educated. This school was first established in Lebanon, Conn., and removed, in 1768, to Hanover, N. H. At Hanover, an old account book, with original price paid for Brandt's tuition, board, etc., is in the treasurer's office. About one hundred and thirty Indians were educated by Wheelock, but Brandt and Sampson were the most distinguished. Brandt was a man of ability and address, and was the most influential Indian educated in America who took up arms against us. There is still a Scotch fund at Glasgow, the interest of which is yearly sent to the president of Dartmouth College, to be spent annually in the education of one or two Indians. Moor's Charity School buildings are now occupied by the Chandler Scientific School. - From letter of Hon. George W. Nesmith, Jun. 24, 1881.
7
90
HISTORY OF WINDILAM IN NEW HAMPSHIRE.
HIGHIEST TOWN BOUNTY OF THE WAR.
The highest town bounty paid by any town in the State, ap- pears to have been paid by Windham to Paul Thompson. He enlisted July 6, for one year's service in the Continental army ; was mustered by Lieutenant-Colonel Gregg, of Derry, July 19. He received £90, together with ten bushels of rye and ten bushels of corn. The rye was reckoned at £9 a bushel, and the corn was reckoned at £7. 10s. a bushel.
The selectmen paid Joseph Polley £30 for one year's service. April 30, 1779. - Nathaniel Shedd enlisted for the war.
Julg 13, 1779. - John Hallowell enlisted in Col. Hercules Mooney's regiment, to serve in Rhode Island. He received a bounty of ₺38. James Campbell entered the Continental service .*
Ebenezer MeIlvaine, James Campbell, and Alexander McMas- ters were Continental soldiers for three years.t
David Campbell once enlisted for Pelham.
THE BEGINNING OF THE END, 1780.
In 1780, the three regiments of New Hampshire troops were at West Point, N. Y., part of the year, and subsequently marched into New Jersey.
Feb. 17, 1780. - Voted William Simpson £30. 16s.lawful money, in consequence of his "taking of Eliphalet Ladd and carrying him to Court." ¿
The General Court of New Hampshire passed an Act March 16, 1780, to make up losses to army by depreciation of currency, which was done to the soldiers.
.June 26, 1780. - On the article "to see what method the town will take to procure three men and one fourth of a man, being our part of six hundred men that is to be raised by this State to fill up our New Hampshire battalions in the Continental army, being called for immediately for the term of six months, unless sooner discharged." The town chose Capt. James Gilmore and Lieut. Nathaniel Hemphill a committee "to hire the men as cheap as they can."
The committee secured the men, and reported at adjourned meeting, July 4, 1780. The report was accepted July 4.
The following men enlisted for Windham, June 27, 1780 : Joseph Marshall, discharged Dec. 5, 1780; David Campbell, dis- charged Dec. 6, 1780; David Clough, discharged Dee. 15, 1780.
In Capt. James Aiken's company, Col. Thomas Bartlett's regi- ment, at West Point. They enlisted June 29, 1780, and were discharged Oct. 24, 1780. Time, three months, nineteen days : -
* Incorrectly credited to Londonderry, in Parker's history of that town, p. 3.10.
+ Ibid., p. 338.
# Town Records, 1780, vol. i, p. 232.
91
BOUNTY OF CORN FOR WINDHAM SOLDIERS.
James Hopkins, Sergt. Timothy Ladd. James Mellvaine.
William Mellvaine, Sorgt. James Hemphill. David Campbell.
In Capt. Jonas Kidder's company, Col. Moses Nichols' regi- ment, to join the Continental army at West Point, who enlisted June 29, and were discharged Oct. 23, 1780, were John Campbell, John Simpson, John Stuart. Six of our men were in Nichols's regiment at West Point. Pay received, £97. 10s. Three six months' men at West Point; pay, £95. 15s.
Aug. 29, 1780 .- Joseph Corliss was chosen constable at the annual meeting, 1780, and refused to accept. At an adjourned meeting he gave his reasons, and the town refused to excuse him from serving. The minister rates were assessed, and he declined to collect. The matter was brought before the town, and the selectmen were "authorized to proseente said Corliss for his not paying the Rev. Mr. Williams agreeable to his warrant according to law."
Aug. 29, 1780 .- " Voted to leave it at the discretion of the selectmen to procure the remaining part of the beef for the Con- tinental army."
" Whereas, there is some people that was Drove from their farms at the Eastward Last year, they look upon it hard to be Ratted this year to the State and Continental Tax as also the sol- dier Rates with some others that Likewise complains - they may appear and Lay in their Grievances and let the town act their pleasure." *
It was voted to excuse some of them. This evidently refers to the trouble on account of double taxation by those who lived in Salem, but attended church in Windham, and who belonged to Windham's military company. Some were doubly taxed, which occasioned litigation.
BOUNTY OF CORN FOR WINDHAM SOLDIERS.
Nov. 9, 1780 .- In the warrant was an article, "To see what method the town thinks Proper to be taken to Procure one Hun- dred and Eighty Bush" of Indian Corn to be Delivered on the first of Febry Next to the Continental Soldiers Raised in the Beginning of Last JJuly for the term of Six months." At an adjourned meeting, Dee. 5, it was voted " to accept Henry Camp- bell, Jr.'s offer of fifty Bushels of Indian Corn at his house at Fifty Dollars per Bushell" The selectmen were to procure the rest in best manner possible.
Some towns paid their bounties to soldiers in corn or grain. This was owing to the almost worthless value of the Continental currency. This fact probably explains the above action of the town.
Dec. 5, 1780. - James Betton, Esq., was chosen representative.
* Town Records, vol. i, page 237.
-
92
HISTORY OF WINDHAM IN NEW HAMPSHIRE.
The town declined to vote for five councillors, or county officers. Capt. James Gilmore was in town-meeting elected Major "of the Reg't we belong to,"-the 8th regiment.
" Highlands, Dec. the 6, 1780. - This is to certify the State of New Hampshire, that David Campbell has not received any wages nor sauce nor anything out of Continental nor State Stores During the time he was in the servise.
EBEN'R FRYE - Capt." So closes the military and civil history of Windham for 1780.
BEEF FOR THE ARMY. - BOUNTIES, 1781.
This year part of the New Hampshire troops were stationed in New York, while a part were sent into Virginia, and were present at the surrender of Lord Cornwallis at Yorktown, Oct. 19, 1781. The bright prospects for peace caused New Hampshire to relax somewhat her military preparations ; still several Windham men went as soldiers during the year.
Feb. 1. - The town chose Capt. James Gilmore and Hugh Graham, Jr., a committee "to procure two men to serve in ye Continental army for three years."
WINDHAM SOLDIERS.
George Wilson was mustered Feb. 1781; Hugh Moore was mustered March 10, 1781, into Col. Moses Nichols' regiment.
William Darrah enlisted Feb. 14, 1781, in Capt. Josiah Mon- roe's company, Col. Joseph Cilley's regiment.
BEEF FOR THE ARMY IN 1781.
The town chose, March 12, Dea. Gawin Armour and Dea. John Dinsmoor, a committee to "procure our quota of Beef for the Continental army the ensuing year."
April 23. - " Voted to give George Wilson as much money to go on Windham's Quota as he would have got at Nottingham west."
July 10. - "Voted that the selectmen, James Gilmore, Alex- ander Wilson, and Peter Merrill, be a committee to fill our quota of Continental and three months' men."
James McIlvaine was mustered July 23, 1781, and engaged to serve till the last of December.
" In Lient. Jonathan Adams's company, who marched Oct. 3, 1781, were Samuel Campbell, John Campbell, William Shedd. Testified to by John Bell to Committee of Safety."
BOUNTIES.
New levies, 1781, one six months' man received £30. Two Continental men received £180. In Col. Daniel Reynolds' regi- ment, three men £33. 12.s.
03
LAST WINDHAM SOLDIER OF THE REVOLUTION.
It appears from The Great Return that Windham had seven- teen men in the army in 1781.
TROUBLE WITH THE CURRENCY.
Nov. 27, 1781. - In regard to the money in the hands of con- stables, who then acted as collectors of taxes, it was then voted, " that what money of the old omission they had on hand" and " was received for taxes before they were forbid by the selectmen, the town shall receive the same according as the Constables Received it, and what is Due to the Constables shall be collected according to the Depreciation scale," which was as follows: -
DEPRECIATION SCALE OF PAPER MONEY.
The Legislature, in 1781, adopted "An authorized scale of depreciation of Continental paper money," by which all contracts made at different times during the war might be equitably adjusted with silver money. The annexed table shows the value of £100 of silver in Continental paper currency in different years as fixed by the Legislature. After 1781, Continental was of no value.
June. 1777, £100 in silver equal to £120 Continental money.
..
1778. 100
1779, 100
66
1,342
66
66
1780,
100
66
5,700
66
66
1781, 100
12,000
66
66
425 . 6
Nov. 27, 1781 .- Chose JJames Betton, Esq., representative. End of the history of the town for 1781.
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