History of Sussex and Warren counties, New Jersey, with Illustration and Biographical Sketches of its Prominent Men and Pioneers, Part 125

Author: Snell, James P; Clayton, W. W. (W. Woodford)
Publication date: 1881
Publisher: Philadelphia : Everts & Peck
Number of Pages: 1140

USA > New Jersey > Sussex County > History of Sussex and Warren counties, New Jersey, with Illustration and Biographical Sketches of its Prominent Men and Pioneers > Part 125
USA > New Jersey > Warren County > History of Sussex and Warren counties, New Jersey, with Illustration and Biographical Sketches of its Prominent Men and Pioneers > Part 125

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THE WARREN COUNTY RING.

During the last three years so much has appeared in the newspapers of the country respecting the frauds in this county that it has been suggested that this history would not be complete without some refer- ence to the ring by and through which these frands were made possible and carried on so successfully for a number of years.

It is not intended to intimate that these frauds were of a kind peculiar to Warren County alone. The daily press throughout the entire country gave- and still gives, though not to so great an extent --- alarming evidence as to the low moral tone pervading official circles everywhere. Nor is it the purpose to discuss here the causes of these frauds. Such dis- quisition belongs to another department. We can only state facts.

The county debt of Warren in 1867 amounted to but about twenty-five thousand dollars. In 1877 the official tables given out by the committees of the board of chosen freeholders showed that this debt had increased to nearly eighty thousand dollars. During these ten years the tax-rate for county pur- poses had been the highest ever known, and under its levies hundreds of thousands of dollars had been paid into the county treasury. The taxes for county and State purposes had increased from thirty-five

501

BENCH AND BAR OF WARREN COUNTY.

thousand dollars to one hundred and fifty thousand dollars. When the incomes of farmers, producers, and manufacturers began to lessen after the panic made itself felt here and taxes were not so easily paid, people began to ask themselves, What has become of the large amounts already levied ? They had observed improvements in the county buildings, and that a number of costly bridges had been erected over the streams in various parts of the county, and, though the bills of expenses rendered for these seemed disproportionately high, they did not account for all the public moneys.

The character of the persons having in charge the management of the county finances was not of a kind to inspire confidence in their integrity ; but, al- though there was an almost universal murmmr of dis- content, so strongly was the ring intrenched in power that they could neither be dislodged from their places nor could the public get an insight into their meth- ods. It is not to be considered that cither political party was responsible for the state of affairs ; the fact most probably is that the politicians and wire-pullers of the lowest grade in cach party contributed either consciously or unconsciously to the success of the ring. Subsequent developments seemed to indicate that a part of the plunder was regularly set apart to control the primaries held just before the annual town-meetings at which the chosen freeholders were elected, and thus the ring succeeded in electing them- selves or their friends almost indefinitely.

Whether a majority of these officials were of the ring set or not, it is certain that they managed for years to control the organization of the official board. They elected one of their own number director and another clerk, and another county collector or treas- urer. The director appointed the committee to settle with the collector ; the collector took his false vouch- ers before this committee, who added them together and reported the gross amount to the board, which in turn approved the auditing, when the vouchers were lodged in the hands of the clerk for safe-keeping. All this auditing was carried on in secret, in a back room of the court-house, or in a retired quarter at one of the town hotels.

In the spring of 1878 the Greenback party polled so many votes in some townships and wards that reg- ular tickets were defeated and independent men elected in their places; in other townships local feuds di- vided the ranks; so that when the members of the board of freeholders came to Belvidere at the an- nual meeting, the ring found itself in a minority, though the reformers were not strong enough to elect more than the director.

Immediately upon the organization of the board a resolution was adopted requiring that all accounts should be settled at open board. Then the ring, knowing that this was for them the crack of doom, abandoned the contest and turned their attention to concealing their frauds. To get a breathing-spell, and

to settle upon some line of action, they procured an adjournment for a fortnight, and upon reassembling, on May 20, 1878, the county collector produced a book which he elaimed was the one in which he had kept his original accounts and had produced to the board on the first day of its meeting. But those who had seen and carefully examined the first book declared that the one produced was not the one it purported to be, and then it transpired that in the interval the collector had made an entirely new book, in which he had omitted many of the account- con- tained in the original. He declared that the old book had been destroyed and he could not produce it.

The board then began a systematic investigation of the manner in which the affairs of the county had been carried on for some years, and, notwithstanding the obstacles put in the way, enough was developed to show that the county had been plundered on a most enormous scale. It was ascertained that pre- vious statements respecting the county debt were false; that the amount had been carefully under- stated in order to disarm suspicion, and the real in- debtedness was found to be nearly one hundred and sixty thousand dollars. Every imaginable way that could be devised for depleting the county treasury had been tried. Bills had been paid again and again. An undertaker's bill for burying an indigent person had been altered in its date and name of payee, and then paid again and again for four successive years. County orders had been paid to the person present- ing them, and then raised in amount from tens to hundreds of dollars. Notes for hundreds and thou- sands of dollars which had been paid in former years were taken out from the clerk's desk and altered in date, in payce, and frequently in amount, and paid again, and the money divided between the director, the clerk, and other county officials. Property bought by freeholders for their personal use had been paid for by the county ; Brussels carpets, upholstery of all kinds, bedding, rugs, cook-stoves, and lamps furnished the private residences of the ring at the expense of the county.

At the September term of the County Courts the grand jury were specially charged by Chief Justice Beasley with reference to their duty as to these frauds. He said to them that he was glad to know that there was a determination to wipe out the stain resting on the county, as far as possible, by putting the matter in the courts for investigation, and, if fraud existed, of insisting upon the punishment of the offenders. Ile told them it was their duty to investigate these mat- ters,-to investigate them with care,-and to stand firm and steadfast on the ground of duty. Ile re- minded them of the oath they had just taken to pre- sent every man, no matter who he may be, no matter what his position, or what his influence, or what his wealth.

The grand jury remained in session about two weeks, and at last returned to the court with seventy-

502

WARREN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.

six bills of indictment. The trial of the indictments began Jan. 3, 1879, before Chief Justice Beasley and his associates. The prosecution was conducted by Henry S. Howes, Esq., prosecutor of the pleas, and with him were associated Attorney-General John P. Stockton and R. Byington, Esq., of Newark. The indicted officials were defended by J. G. Shipman and J. M. Robeson, Esqs., of Belvidere, and Wm. H. Morrow, Esq., Newark, N. J. The trials continned for nearly four weeks. The only acquittals had were those of Jacob J. Stone, defended by B. C. Frost ; Gershom Trimmer and Charles S. Stroder, defended by Wm. H. Morrow. There were, in all, ten per- sons convicted of crimes against the county, and on Saturday, Jan. 25, 1879, these were sentenced to hard labor in the State prison for terms ranging from one to four years. It is said that more people came to Belvidere on that day than had been there at any one time since the execution of Harden.

In an earnest appeal made to the court for mercy towards his clients, J. G. Shipman, Esq., said,-

" I have often stood up, as Your Honors well know, in behalf of crim- inals before this court for almost every grade of erime and interceded for them, but in all my life of practice-which is not very short-1 have Dever witnessed a scene like this, and I trust in God I shall never be called upon again to witoess another like it. It rends the very heart- strings out to look upon it, and I cannot trust myself to speak further."

Chief Justice Beasley in passing sentence made use of language worthy of being perpetuated in the history of the county :

"This transaction is certainly a remarkable one. It is not surprising that it has excited such a degree of attention and amount of interest. This series of crimes which you and your associates have perpetrated stands unexampled, fortunately, io the history of this State, and I think I may say in the history of all the States of this country. It seeme that a number of men reputed to be respectable, holding elovated social posi- tions, have handed themselves together for the purpose of plundering their fellow-citizens. Now, such occurrences as these, from sad experi- ence, take place at times in our crowded cities, where men of desperate fortunes are congregated,-men who have had small advantages of moral instruction : we know that they sometimes band together for these dis- honorable purposes,-but io an agricultural community, where men are brought up with the school-house and the church almost at their doors, living in moral neighborhoods, surrounded by all the best influences that can surround men,-when we see men under such circumstances uniting for evil purposes of this kind it astounds and frightens society ; nien feel that they have no safety in their trusts, and the ground seems to shake under their feet.

" Now, what led to this crime ?

" It is difficult to imagine what was the cause of this series of crimes. I think that the citizens of this county, like the citizens of most of our counties, have been remiss in their duties. They have forgotten that it is their business as citizens to supervise and watch all public affairs. A eteru lesson has been taught to them, and I trust it will do them good. I suppose they have learned that it will not do for them to permit one eet of knaves to nominate for office another set of knaves, and then for respectable men to affirm und sanction such an act by their votes. This remissness, supineness, of your neighbors and fellow-citizens no doubt gave you the opportunity of perpetrating these crimes for a time with joipuoity, but what led you to undertake it is certainly a mystery.

" You are of mature years, acquainted with tho uffuirs of life and the world, and you therefore cannot eny that you perpetrated these crimes through inexperience or throogh the thoughtlessness of youth, nor can you say It was a sudden lapse,-that your virtue was overcome in a moment of temptation. You cannot say that, because you made crime your business. It was schemed and planned, thought over and arranged. You had your secret meetings, and you used the worst kind of instin- mentalities. You resorted to forgeries and the ordinary instrumentali-

ties of the cheat. All these things were devised, and then the crime was deliberately again and again executed.

" Now, such a course of conduct is enough to excite any community, and the court, in looking over the matter, can find hardly any circum- stances of mitigation."

CHAPTER VII.

THE MEDICAL PROFESSION OF WARREN COUNTY.

I .- PIONEER PRACTITIONERS.

THE first practitioner in Warren County of whom there is record was Dr. Samuel Kennedy, who is men- tioned in the chapter devoted to this subject in the Sussex County portion of this work. He early fixed his location at Johnsonsburg, near what, after 1824, was the dividing line between the counties of Warren and Sussex. He practiced here for many years prior to the Revolution, and was the only physician located in the county. He often made professional trips of twenty or thirty miles, and his ride extended east and west beyond the borders of the county. It is probable that the southern portions of the county were sup- plied from Easton and some points (Lebanon and Bethlehem) in Northern Hunterdon. The northern and eastern parts of what is now the county of War- ren, in addition to the labors of Dr. Kennedy, un- doubtedly received visits from the doctors located in Morris. This applies more particularly to the Revo- lutionary period and antecedent.

Dr. William Hampton was cotemporary with part of Dr. Kennedy's career. He was located at Hack- ettstown, and during the last quarter of the eighteenth century shared with the pioneer Kennedy in minis- tering to the physical ailments of the people of the northeastern part of Warren County. The next gen- eration of doctors were those of whom our immediate ancestors, and some now living, tell, who, by lives of toil and ardnous devotion to duty, founded solid and lasting reputations as practitioners, and were as highly esteemed as the most prominent of the day. Throngh- out the county the names of Gwinnup, Leeds, Palmer, Kennedy, Sloan, Hughes, Stewart, Green, and Clark are familiar to many a household .*

The period from 1769 to 1809 includes the duration at Hope of the Moravian settlements, the history of whose location here is now mainly recorded in the substantial stone structures erected by the industry of their members, which structures are prominent fea- tures of the present village. The medical men among the Hope Moravians, so far as known, were Drs. Shu- man (or Shureman), Kampman, and Bridgen. Dr. Shuman practiced there, but removed with the Mo- ravian congregation to Bethlehem, Pa., and from thence to Salem, N. C., where he died .; Dr. Kamp-

# Dr. J. C. Johnson's Report to State Soc., 1866.

" He was known by the Rev. E. F. Black, who has kindly given the facts.

503

THE MEDICAL PROFESSION OF WARREN COUNTY.

man is remembered by some elderly people as prac- ticing at Hope, and also beyond the bounds of the congregation ; his descendants are still supposed to live at Bethlehem. Dr. Bridgen lived and practiced and died on a farm three miles below Hope, on the road to Belvidere. He died about 1805. Dr. John C. Johnson, in his manuscript notes, says, "A lady patient of mine, seventy-eight years of age, has a blue-glass egg-cup which belonged to the doctor. Hle was from Philadelphia, and was a friend of and visited by Professor William Shippen, of the University of Pennsylvania, who at that time was a part-owner of the Oxford Furnace. The deed of the farm from his heirs to the late John Schwander sustains the above history."

II .- THE COUNTY MEDICAL SOCIETY.

"The District Medical Society for the County of Warren" was organized in 1826. The basis of this society was the following warrant, obtained from the Medical Society of the State of New Jersey :

" A petition presented to the Medical Society of the State of New Jersey by physicians In the county of Warren, praying a warinnt to form a district society in wald county. It was ordered that Jabez Gwinnup, W. P. Clark, George Green, Stewart Kennedy, s. C. Couk, J. P. B. sloau, Thomas P. Stewart, David P. Hunt, Gideon Leeds, and David Green be authorized to constitute a District Medical Society for the county of Warren.

'S JNO. W. C'RAIG, " Sec. pro tem.

" TRENTON, NOV. 8, 2×25."

Pursuant to public notice, and in accordance with this warrant, a number of physicians (being nearly all of those above named) met, Feb. 15, 1826, at the house of John P'. Ribble, in Mansfield, to form a district medical society. Dr. Jabez Gwinnup was chosen president, Dr. John Ball vice-president, Dr. Stewart Kennedy secretary, and Dr. Gideon Leeds treasurer. Drs. George Green and John P. B. Sloan were ap- pointed a committee to draft a constitution and by- laws and report at the next meeting, which was voted to be hell on April 25th, at the house of Joseph Nor- ton, in Belvidere. At that meeting the rules as re- ported by the committee, with slight alterations, were adopted. In 1835 a new set of by-laws was adopted, which, with a few amendments, are still in force.

The names of the members of the society, from the date of organization to the present time, as given in the record-book, are as follows :

1×26 .- Jubez Gwinup,t John Hall,t Gideon Leeds, $.I. Hughes, *W'm. P'. Clark, "David P. Hunt, "Silawy C. Cook, "S. Kennedy,t *Goo. Green,t "Thomas P. Stewart, "John P. B. Sloan.]

1×27 .-* Roderick Byington.

1828,-Jacob T. Sharp.t 1×29 .- James C. Fitch. 1×30 .- Thomas Darling,t Jus. C. Kennedy. 1834,-11. 11. Abernethy,+ Wm. J. Johnson. t 1835 .-* Houry Sonthurd.t 1837 .-* Wm. B. Mccullough,f Mexander K. Gaston, t .W. B. Dey. 1845 .- William Colo.

+ Removed from county.

* Deceased.

Į Withdrew from society.

¿ Did not sign the constitution or rules.

1846 .- P. F. Brakeley.

1848 .-* Dewitt C. Wilson,t "Lewis C. Cook .¡

1849 .- Samuel S. Clark.

1850 .- James D. Dewitt.

1851 .- Garner HI. Cline.

1853 .-* William Kennedy,t John C. Johnson, P. F. Hnlshlzer, John S. Cook.

1857 .-* Redford Sharp,t *Edwin Byington.

1862 .- Goo. I. Fitch,t L. C. Ommuon, Jr., Peter N. Jacobus.t

1865 .- Theodore Crane, L. C. Cook, Henry Ialshizert, *Lather C. Bowlby, Samuel S. Kennedy.

1866 .- I. M. Ommin.

1867 .- J. F. Sheppard.

1868 .- George S. Dearborn.

1870 .- E. T. Blackwell, Wm. M. Hartpence.

1871 .- Henry 11. Rinehart, J. Marshall Paul, Jr., D. D. Dildine, John N. Hanh.t

1872 .- Henry S. Harris.

1873 .- William H. McGee.

1871 .- T. T. Mutchler, William J. Roe.

1875 .- John Il. Griffith.

1×76 .- George II. Jones, Jocob J. Hoe, Milton N. Armstrong.

1878 .- Win. M. Baird, Robert Bond, Jr.

1879 .- Indic Barber, Robert A. Stewart.

1680,-J. Wm. Dalrymple.

The successive presidents and secretaries have been :

PRESIDENTS.

1826-27, Jubez Gwinnup; 1828-20, George Leeds; 1:30-33, Thes. P. Stewart ; 1834-35, no record ; 1836-37, H. Hughes; 1838, no record; 1830-41, R. Byington ; 1542-44, no record; 1845-46, Thos. Stewart; 1-48-57, Wm. P. Clark ; 1858-59, Jas. C. Fitch; 1860-61, R. Bying- tou ; 1862-64, John (. Johnson ; 1865, S. S. Clark ; 1866, P. F. Hul- shiver; 1x67, 12. C. Cook ; 1808, L. C. Bowlby ; 1869, S. S. Kennedy ; 1570, Theodore Crane; 1871, L. C. Osmun ; 1872, Geo. S. Dearborn ; 1873, Wm. M. Hartpence ; 1974, J. MI. Paul, Jr. ; IST5, H. Il. Rine- hart ; 1876, W'm. II. McGee ; 1877, L. M. Osmun ; 1>78, Win. J. Hoe; 1879-80, John H. Griffith ; 1881, Milton N. Armstrong.

SECRETARIES.

1826-29, Stewart Kennedy ; 1830-37, Wm. P'. Clark : 1838, no record ; 1830-41, W'm. J. Johnson; 1845-46, James C. Fitch ; 1847-81, P. F. Brakeley.

The following members have served as presidents of the Medical Society of the State of New Jersey : Thomas P. Stewart, 1840; John C. Johnson, 1867; and John S. Cook, 1878. W. P. Clark has officiated as vice-president of the State Society.

At the annual session of 1867, Drs. James C. Fitch and Roderick Byington were complimented for their forty years' attendance upon the sessions of the society and their devotion to its interests ; and by resolutions, unanimously adopted, they were for the future ab- solved from paying annual dnes, without abatement of their rights or privileges as members.

The annual sessions are held at Belvidere, generally in June. Semi-annual meetings are also frequently held, at different places, in the month of October.

In 1872 (June 4th) it was unanimously resolved that a committee be appointed to collect material for a history of this society, designed to be read at its semi-centennial anniversary, and Drs. Johnson, Brake- ley, Fitch, Paul, P. F. Hulshizer, L. M. Osmun, L. C. Cook, Griffith, and Crane were made such committee. The labor being greater than was anticipated, the committee were not ready at the time designated, and asked further time. Much material has been gathered,

1 By certificate from District Medical Society of Sussex County.

501

WARREN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.

which will most likely be submitted to the society this year (1881), and then be printed for the benefit of its members.

The following list of places where physicians are or have been resident, with date of locating and time of removal, is given from data in possession of Drs. Grif- fiths and Johnson :

GREENWICH TOWNSHIP.

Hughesville (Forge) .- John S. Hughes, about 1792, until death, in 1825. John B. Hughes, son of John S., 1820, for few years; then went to Fines- ville.

Finesville (including Middleville and Musconetcong) .- John B. Hughes, 1825, until decease, 1858. Abram O. Stiles, 1840-41; went back to Har- mony. William Shipman, 1837-42; now at Springtown. J. C. Purcell, a short time ; went to Frenchtown. Simeon S. Dana, 1852-54; decensed. Joho Leavitt, 1847-54; decessed. John Sharp, 1854-58; deceased. Luther C. Bowlsby, 1857-60; went to Viennn; deceased. Amos Harris, 1860-62; returned to Pennsylvania. W. H. Drnke, 1863-71; retired. Nathan Case, 1871, to present time, 1881.

"Straw Tavern."-Stewart Kennedy, 1822-29. H. H. Abernethy, 1832 -35: now in Eastoo, Pa.

Bloomsbury .- Hugh Hughes, 1822-56. Isaac Stewart, 1852, to present time, but now retired. W. R. Little, 1878, to present time, 1881.

Stewartsville .- James C. Kennedy, 1829-51. P. F. Hulshizer, 1851, to present time. S. S. Kennedy, 1859, to present; not now in practice. S. A. McCosh, 1875, to present time, 1881.

Springtown .- William Shipman, 1842, to present time, 1881.

Old Maxwell Farm .- H. H. Abernethy, 1854-67.

HARMONY TOWNSHIP.

Harmony .- A. O. Stiles, 1828, to present time (except one year at Fines- ville); now retired. Alexander K. Gaston, 1835-36. Dr. Mills, 1837-38. Garner H. Cline, 1840, to present time. James D. Dewitt, 1849, to present time, 1881.

Montana .- Daniel W. Fangboner, 1870-72; died there.

FRANKLIN TOWNSHIP.

Asbury .- James Holmes, abont 1790, to about 1810; went to New Hamp- ton. Joho Ball, about 1794-1834; went to Newark. Dr. Heintzelman, about 1800, for short timo. Heory H. Southard, 1834-37; went to Belvi- dere. Alfred Gale, 1834, to present time. William B. McCullongh, 1834- 37; went to Ohio; deceased. John P. B. Sloan, about 1837, a short time; went to Easton, Pa. William E. Mnlhollan, 1841-44; went to Brooklyn, N. Y .; deceased. Thomas Darling, 1844-47; went to Virginia; died in Easton. John Leavitt, 1846-47; went to Finesville; deceased. Robert B. Brown, 1846-61; went into army. Christopher Mackey, 1859-60; went to Danville: returned and died. Thomas M. Bartolette, 1864-66 ; deceased. Frederick P. Sheppard, 1866-69; deceased. S. A. Welch, 1869, to present time, 1881. Nathan Case, 1869-71; went to Musconetcong.

Broadway .- W. B. McCullongh, 1842-43. Henry Weller, 1842-45; went West. Samuel Glenn, short time in 1856; went to Washington, this county. P. G. Creveling, 1859-66; went to Hampton Junction. Daniel R. Delong, 1867-68; went to Phillipsburg. John C. Purcell, 1867 -71; went to New York City. Thomas T. Mutchler, 1871-76; gave up practice aud entered the ministry. P. G. Creveling, 1876, to present time, 1881.

New Village .- Samuel Glenn, 1852-56; went to Broadway.

PHILLIPSBURG.

David Brainerd, about 1770, when preaching as a missionary to the Indians here. John Cooper, 1791-95; went to Easton. (From this time until 1843, Phillipsburg was dependent upon Easton and physiciane of Greenwich township for medical aid.) Il. H. Southard, 1843-45; ro- moved to Renville, N. J. No resident physicinn again until T. Stewart, 1850; soon removed; is now in Scranton, Pn. Ashor Reiley, 1854, a short time; removed to Frenchtown. J. F. Sheppard, 1854, to present time, 1881. K. Espy, 1855-57. Dr. Dayton (son of Hon. W. L.), 1857, n short time. Dr. Hart, 1857-59 ; now in Pennington, N. J. L. M. Osmun, 1865, to present time, 1881. D. R. Delong, 1867-69; now in Pennsyl- vania. Dr. O'Brien, 1867-71 ; now in Scranton, Pa. A. II. Lee, 1868, to present time, 1881. A. H. Purcell, 1868, a short time; retired. D. X. J. Brittain, in 1868. 11. II. Abernethy, 1867-69, and from 1875-77; now in Easton. E. H. Beiber, 1869, to present time, 1881. J. H. Griffith, 1870, to present time, 1881. J. C. Strader, 1872-76 ; now in Lafayette, Sussex

Co. P. G. Creveling, 1872-76; now at Broadway. Dr. Mulreany, a ehort time in 1872. George H. Jones, 1873, to present time, 1881. L. D. Bei- ber, 1877, to present time, 1881.

HOPE.

James C. Fitch, 1827, to present time. Thomas Darling, about 1830. Joseph Hedges, 1844-48; removed to Stanhope. Richard P. Cooke, a few months ; now practicing dentistry in New York City. Dr. Perry, a short time, after Dr. Hedges; removed West. Daniel L. Duncan, 1849-52; subsequently, for a short time, just before the civil war; is now in New- ton, N. J. George D. Fitch, 1860-65; now in Philadelphia, Pa. Henry Hulshiser, 1861-71 ; now at Port Oram, N. J. Robert M. Rea, about & year; then went to Georgia ; is now practiciog in the West. William E. Mattison, for two years, during the service of Dr. Duucan; went to Mill- stone, N. J .; now in the city of New Brunswick, N. J. David D. Dil- dine, 1870, until death, in 1872. Heury H. Rinehart, 1872, until his de- cease, in 1878. P. E. Swartzweller, 1878-80; removed to Belvidere.

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History of Sussex and Warren counties, New Jersey, with Illustration and Biographical Sketches of its Prominent Men and Pioneers, Part 125

Author: Snell, James P; Clayton, W. W. (W. Woodford) Publication date: 1881 Publisher: Philadelphia : Everts & Peck Number of Pages: 1140

Author: Snell, James P; Clayton, W. W. (W. Woodford)
Publication date: 1881
Publisher: Philadelphia : Everts & Peck
Number of Pages: 1140