History of Sussex and Warren counties, New Jersey, with Illustration and Biographical Sketches of its Prominent Men and Pioneers, Part 178

Author: Snell, James P; Clayton, W. W. (W. Woodford)
Publication date: 1881
Publisher: Philadelphia : Everts & Peck
Number of Pages: 1140

USA > New Jersey > Sussex County > History of Sussex and Warren counties, New Jersey, with Illustration and Biographical Sketches of its Prominent Men and Pioneers > Part 178
USA > New Jersey > Warren County > History of Sussex and Warren counties, New Jersey, with Illustration and Biographical Sketches of its Prominent Men and Pioneers > Part 178

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Rev. Jacob Castner settled in Washington in 1818 as pastor of the Presbyterian Church. One of his daughters married Dr. Jacob Winters, son of Jacob Winters, of Broadway, this county, who died at that place soon subsequent to 1855. Mr. Castner died in 1848.

716

WARREN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.

Col. Jacob T. Thomson, a son of Col. Mark Thom- son, was a native of this township. He was born at Changewater, Nov. 26, 1811. He moved to the West, and died Feb. 22, 1876, at Princeton, Bureau Co., Ill.

John M. Sherrerd, before mentioned, was an early lawyer, practicing in Washington village from the time of his admission to the bar, in 1816, until 1826, when he removed to the county-seat.

One of the old landmarks-the ancient Creveling blacksmith-shop-was torn down in 1874, and on its site Dr. Osmun has erected a fine brick building.

Jacob Cole was born in an old house on the Rine- hart farm, on Scott's Mountain, Sept. 17, 1797. In 1820 he married Margaret Prall. He retired from active life by moving from the farm upon a lot situ- ated along the slope of the mountain, which place he occupied most of the time for forty years. He died June 11, 1875. He left seven children, eighteen grandchildren, and eight great-grandchildren. He was buried in the Washington cemetery.

Just north of Changewater, and near where the road from that place to Port Colden crosses the rail- road, are the graves of Carter and Parks, who were hung in the year 1844 for the murder of the Castner family,-John Castner, his wife, and infant child. All were residents of this township, Parks living in the village of Washington. The latter was a brother of Castner's wife. Carter was one of the overseers of highways. The Castner family resided near Change- water, where two sons, the only survivors of the trag- edy, now reside. The Castner farm, of 71 acres, was sold in December, 1880, by Aaron Pence.

Near where is now Gerard's tannery was, early in this century, an old apple distillery, of which Edward Youmans was the owner for many years. Long since -fully forty years ago-it went out of existence.

The first school-house in Washington was, without doubt, an old log building which formerly stood near the old Mansfield-Woodhouse church. This remained from about the period of the Revolution until some time after 1800, when it disappeared. From the tra- ditions concerning this old school-house, handed down to our oldest living residents by their fathers, it may be safely called the pioneer, notwithstanding no defi- nite data can be obtained.

Early physicians in this township have been Dr. Hugh Hughes, at Washington, from 1816 to 1822; Dr. John P. B. Sloan from 1822, as Dr. Hughes' suc- cessor, who finally went to New York and engaged in the drug business ; Dr. Jacob T. Sharpe, from 1828 to 1834, or later, removing then to Camden. Other prominent physicians in Washington were Dr. Wil- liam Johnson, Dr. Glenn (who came from Broadway in 1856), and N. Jennings, who also kept a drug- store. In 1868 he sold to Dr. W. H. Seip, but the following year, associated with J. Arndt, re-embarked in the same line "in the building formerly occupied by J. Shields, Jr., as a dry-goods store." More recently Drs. Mattison, Herrick, Joseph Cook, Joseph J. Sow-

erhy, and William Cole settled, and practiced in this township. See chapter in general history, antecedent, on the medical profession, for sketches of many of the above.

IV .- ORGANIZATION AND CIVIL LIST.

Washington township was set off from Mausfield in 1849. For its civil history prior to that date see history of the latter township. As an integral part of Mansfield this township had passed from infancy into maturity under the jurisdiction of Sussex County, and twenty-four years more of companionship was spent, after Warren was formed, before Washington set up civil and political housekeeping for herself. Although comparatively young, she has grown to be one of the most important townships in the county.

The act of incorporation was approved Feb. 28, 1849, and thus rehearses the boundaries of the newly- formed township :

" AN ACT to set off' from the township of Mansfield, in the County of Warren, a new township, to be called the Township of Washington.

"1. Be it enacted by the Senate and general Assembly of the State of New Jersey, That all that part of the Township of Mansfield, in the Connty of Warren, lying southwesterly of the following line, to wit: Beginning at a point on the Southwest side of the public Road running through the Van Nest Gap near Oxford furnace, where the Mansfield and Oxford line crosses said Road and running nearly an easterly course across eaid Township along the sontherly side of said Road the different courses to the end thereof in the public Road leading from Easton to Taylor's Mill in front of the house of William Gardner and trom thence a straight line to the Northeast end of the eight-square school-house on the Easton and Morris turnpike ; thence continning on the same Conrse till it strikes the Musconetcong River, the dividing line between the said township of Mansfield, in the County of Warren, and the township of Lebanon, in the County of Hunterdon, and to end there, shall be and the same is hereby set off from said Township of Mansfield and estab- lished as a separate Township, to be called ' the Township of Washiog- ton.' ***

The records of the annual town-meetings of this township have gone the way of so many other of our early records,-have been lost or destroyed. The only books now in the possession of the town clerk are one recording the doings of the town committee, and two others in which are recorded the oaths of office and bonds of the officers of the township. From these, by persevering effort, has been extracted the following list of officers of the township from its formation, in 1849, to the present time :

Clerks.

ABBesBOT'S.

Collectors.

1849-50. J. G. Jolinson. 1851. Andrew W. Bray.t 1852. Jonathan Petty.

1853. =

John O. Winter.

1854. J. Q. Johnson.

Jolın B. Woolston. William Cole.

Jonathan G. Robbing. =

1857. Jonathan Petty.

Samuel Shields. =

1858.

A. B. Stewart.

1859. Charles S. Strader.

John Gibson.

1860.

1861. Jonathan Petty.

J. A. Shrope.

Philip Johnson. A. B. Stewart.

* Pamphlet Laws of 1849, page 222.

+ John W. Wyckoff was sworn in as clerk March 27, 1852, probably for the unexpired term of Andrew W. Bray, justice of the peace.

Philip Johnson.

Adam Wandling.

William Cole,

1855. J. W. VanDoren. 1856.

717

WASHINGTON.

Clerks.

AssessorB.

1862-63. Jonathan Petty. 1864. 44 =

1865. John F. Woodruff.

Philip Johnson.

John C. Hartponce. =

Samuel L. Gardner.

William Weller. John C. Hartpence.

Jesse J. Lake. 44

1872,

John Webber.

1873-75.

J. B. Woolston.

A. M. Nunn.

1876-79. John B. Kelsey.

R. A. Osmon.

Sinon W. Nunn.

1880.

Willlam Campbell.

1×81.

John Sheror. John R. Dalrymple.

TOWNSHIP COMMITTEES.

1819 .- S. W. Garrison, James JI. Groff, John W. Wyckoff, James Doolit- tle, Lewis II. Martinis.

1850 .- John Wyckoff, W. L. Ciphers, John W. Wyckoff, James Doolittle, William Weller.

1851 .- John Fitts, W. L. Ciphers, John W. Wyckoff, Daniel Osman, Wil- Ham Weller.

1852 .- John Fitts, W. L. Ciphers, Joseph Vliet, Daniel Osmnn, David P. Shrope.

1853 .- John Fitts, Samuel Shields, Joseph Vliet, Daniel Osmun, David P. Shrope.

1854 .- James II. Groff, Lewis HI. Martenis, John C. Bowers, Philip C. Cook, [S. Shields ?].

1853 .- Jolin O. Winters, Jasper Smith, John C. Bowers, Stophen Yard, [S. Shields ?].

1850 .- Jolin P. Davis, Jusper Smith, Jacob V. Creveling, John C. Bowers, Samuel Shields.

1857 .- James 11. Groff, Samuel Miller, Jacob T. Johnson, Michael Bowers, John C. Bower.

1858,-James II. Groff, Samuel Miller, P. R. Winter, Michael Bowors, John C. Bower.

1859 .- Jacob V. Creveling, Samuel Miller, P. R. WInter, Michael Bowers, John C. Bower.

1860 .- Jacob V. Creveling, B. B. Hotchins, P. R. Winter, William E. Warne, Daniel Osmiun.

1861 .- John P. Davis, B. R. Hutchins, A. P. Rorthond, P. Cramer, Samuel Miller.

1862 .- I'hilip Johnson, John Wyckoff, Jr., Samuel Shields, C. S. Strader, Samuel Miller.

1863 .- Philip Johnson, John Wyckoff, Jr., Unniel Osmun, C. S. Strader, Sammel Miller.

1861 .- Philip Johnson, William II. Boyd, Daniel Osmun, Cornelius Car- hart, Samuel Miller.

1865 .- William G. Dufford, William HI. Boyd, J. D. Taylor, Cornelius Car- hart, Samuel Miller.

1866 .- William G. Dufford, William Shields, John W. Wyckoff, J. D. Taylor, Sutunel Miller,

1867 .- WTHiam G. Dufford, William Shields, William Sweney, James J. Hetzel, Jacob S. Vought.

1868-70 .- Georgo Vossler, William Shields, William Colo, M.D., John K. Wyckoff, William R. Melroy.

1871 .- J1. T. B. Van Atta, George Vossler, William Cole, M.D., John R. Bowlby, William R. Melroy.

1872 .- John C. Hartpence, George Vossler, Christopher Cole, John R. Bowlby, Robert Lisk.

. 1873 .- Peter Crumer, M. B. Bowers, George Vossler, Charles Mayberry, William Miller.

1874 .- l'eter Cramor, John R. Bowlby, George Vossler, II. T. B. Van Atta, William Miller.

1875 .- Peter Cramer, C. P. Colo, William P. Rush, H. T. B. Van Atta, William Miller.

1876,-Peter Cramer, C. P. Cole, William P. Rush, R. D. Bush, George P. Wyckoff.

1877-l'eter Crumer, C. P. Cole, William P. Rush, Michael Roseberry, George P. Wyckoff.

1878 .- Poter Cramer, R. D. Rush, William P. Rush, Michael Roseberry, George I'. Wyckoff.

1870-80 .- Peter Cramer, William P. Rush, George P. Wyckoff.

FREEHOLDERS.

1849-60, Robert P. Strailer, Jnies II. Groff; 1831-62, Wlillam Sweeny ; 1833-61, James Doolittle: 1853, John C. Winter ; 1856-62, William Shields; 1863, Samuel Shields; 1861, Jesse J. Lake ; 1865, John

Arndt; 1866-68, Michael B. Bowers ; 1869-7], William Shields; 1872-76, Dr. William Cole; 1876-78, William Miller; 1579-80, Imla Stewart; 18>1. Robert A. Osmun.

EXTRACTS FROM TOWNSHIP RECORDS.

In 1849, Dr. William Cole was school superintend- ent, and Johnson D. Drake constable. The final settlement between the old township of Mansfield and new township of Washington was as follows:

" Pursuant to an act of the Legislature, the joint committees of the townships of Mansfield and Washington . . . met this 16th day of April, 1×49, at the house of James Doolittle, in Washington, when It was agreed . . . that the township of Mansfield have all the books and other loose property belonging to suid township of Mansfield, together with all the claims the sail township may have against all and every person or por- sous, and that the township of Mansfield shall pay all claims against said township that have accrued previons to the 9th of April, 1849, And for their so doing the town committee of the township of Washington agree to pay to the inhabitants of the township of Mansfeld the sum of Sus, the receipt thereof is hereby acknowledged, and that said town- ship ef Mansfield do hereby agree to indemnify and keep harmless the township of Washington against all claims or suits at law that has or may accrue against the suid township of Mansfield."

The road districts at that date were eight, with the following roadmasters, and sums allowed each, -namely :

No. 1, William Carter, $65; 2, Lewis H. Mmtenis, $70: 3, Samuel Mow- der, $105; 4, John C. Bowers, $65; 5. Jacob Wandling, $100; 6, Joseph Curl, $65; 7, Peter S. Wyckoff, $40; s, Charles Lanning, $40.

In 1863 the war debt of the township was $15,500, and during the same year was expended as bounty money the sum of $16,291.67. The whole amount of duplicate for 1864 was $20,237.85.

In 1868, when the borough was set otl, the number of road districts was eleven, as follows :

No. I, John Opdyke, $75; 2, John Baldwin, $78; 3, William Mowder, 4, Jomes Nixon, $100; 5, William H. Suyder. $100; 6, 11. IHilde- brand, $42; 7, John Webber, $$5; 8, Charles Lanning, 853; 9, Jolin Fitts, $60; 10, George Vossler, $81; 11, J. R. Van Atta, 842.

On the adjustment of the accounts of the township and borough the latter paid to the former the sum of $3338.24 as a final settlement.

Since the borough has been set off the town elec- tions have been held at Port Colden.

V .- CHURCHES.

The old Mansfield-Woodhouse church, of the Pres- byterian connection, was the earliest in this township, being established prior to 1739. An extended ac- count of this ancient church may be found in the history of the borough, elsewhere given, as well as sketches of the later-formed churches in what is now the borough of Washington.

The Episcopal Church formerly had a chapel at Port Colden, but it has been abandoned.

The Methodists of the Washington Church who live at and near Port Colden recently formed a society, and have preaching part of the time in the school-house.

VI .- CEMETERIES.

The churchyard of the old Mansfield-Woodhouse church is, no doubt, the earliest established burial- place in this vicinity. There may have been family

1866-67. Peter R. Winter. 1868. Scaring P. Bowers. 1869. 1870-71. R. A. Omun.

Philip H. Hann. .. 44

Collector. William W. Johnson. Clinrles S. Strader. Willlum H. Boyd.

718

WARREN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.

burying-grounds much earlier, but none of a publie character. This old yard was not only the first, but for many years was the only, cemetery in this town- ship .* In it reposes the dust of many of the early settlers, pioneers, and prominent citizens of the gen- erations agone, as well as many of the patriarchs of the church.

The modern cemeteries are those of the Methodist Episcopal and Roman Catholic churches and that of the Washington Cemetery Association.

St. Joseph's Cemetery is just outside the borough limits, east of Belvidere Avenue, and facing on the Jackson Valley road. The grounds, some 2} acres, were purchased in 1880, and consecrated by Arch- bishop Corrigan in June of that year. Prior to the opening of these grounds the people of the Roman Catholic faith resident here buried their dead in the Oxford cemetery, and occasionally at the Junction.

"The Washington Cemetery Association" was or- ganized in 1872, with the following directors: P. H. Hann, Joseph Vliet, J. D. Taylor, Adam W. Creve- ling, J. C. Stewart, James Lomerson, William G. Dufford, A. Gaylord, and William Sweeny, who elected Hon. P. H. Hann president, and Joseph Vliet secretary and treasurer. They purchased, in 1870, and prior to their incorporation, a twenty-aere tract, on the Easton turnpike, opposite the residence of the late John Carter, of whom the plot was obtained. It was near the town, easily aeeessible by a good road without having to cross the railroad tract, was beau- tifully located, and had every appearance of being a desirable cemetery property ; but when the first grave was dug water was struck, which caused the asso- ciation to abandon the idea of using it for burial purposes. They sold it and purchased the grounds now occupied, on the hill sonth of the town, on the road leading to Asbury. Mr. Grant, engineer, of New York, laid out the grounds. Mrs. Judge Joseph Vliet, originally interred in the old Mansfield ground, was removed to the new cemetery, and was one of the first burials therein. William Allen is the sexton.

An old family burial-place was located on the farm property of the late Jacob Van Horn, Esq., now owned by William Duffern.

VII .- SCHOOLS.

The first school-house in the township is said to have been the one which formerly stood near the old Mansfield church. It was a log building, and tradi- tion assigns its ereetion to about the time of the Revolution. No doubt it was a contemporary of that venerable church. At an early school in what is now known as Pleasant Valley District a Mr. Coen was a pioneer teacher; he was sueeeeded by William Thatcher. J. V. Creveling was one of the latter's pupils, and his recollection is that at that time there

was no other school-house within three or four miles. A brick school-honse now oeeupies its site.

In the year 1810, or thereabouts, Col. William Me- Cullough gave to the township a small strip of ground for school purposes, upon which lot is now located the chapel of the Methodist Episcopal Church in Washington. The original lot was 20 feet wide for a depth of 20 feet, and 1 rod wide for the additional depth of 130 feet. Subsequently, Mr. Bruner, who owned adjoining lands, gave ground sufficient to make it a full lot, 30 feet wide for its whole length of 150 feet. Col. McCullough, who during his lifetime was an earnest friend of the cause of education, caused to be ereeted upon the lot a small building, and, with the co-operation of others, started a school therein. This building, with subsequent repairs, was in use until about twenty years or so ago, when it was rebuilt to the present structure, and continued to be occupied as a school nntil 1862, when a new house was built on another site,-north of the Presbyterian church on Jayne Street. The last-named school- house was destroyed by fire a few years later, but was promptly rebuilt on the same lot, on a much larger scale, at a cost of $26,000.

There have been several other sehools kept in the village of Washington. Esquire Vliet, in connection with others, put up a small building near the location of the present school-house, in which a school was kept for a few years; it was then sold and turned into a dwelling. Among the private or seleet schools of the place may be mentioned one started by Dominie Jelly during his pastorate here, which was kept for two or three years, and quite sueeessfully, in Shields' build- ing. He exercised a supervision over it, and among the teachers there employed were Misses Liddell and Taylor. The latter, a daughter of James D. Taylor (now Mrs. Prouty), and a graduate of the Normal School, taught elocution. Sinee that time until the present she has conducted a select school in Wash- ington.

There are in the township five school districts, named and uumbered as follows: Pleasant Valley, 26; Brass Castle, 27; Fairmount, 28; Jaekson Val- ley, 29; and Port Colden, 30. Their names will readily indicate their location.

From the last annual report of the county superin- tendent, Joseph S. Smith, of Asbury, for 1879, the following is extracted :

The amount received from the State appropriation was $1537.08; die- trict school-tax voted for payment of teachers' salaries, $300; district school-tax voted for building, ropairs, etc., $50; making a total of $1887.08 received from all sources. Balance in the hands of the collector, exclu- sive of money for building and repairing purposes, $395.08.

The present value of the school property in the five districte is $6300. Two male and thres female tenchers are employed,-one teacher to each district. There are 365 children between the ages of five and sighteen years residing in the township, of whom 294 have been enrolled in the school register during the year just passed. The present school accom- modation is very good, the houses being able to comfortably seat 360 pupils. During the past yeur the schools wore kept for an average of nearly ten months, with an average attendance during that time of 172 scholars. Districts 26 and 30 havs each small school libraries.

* The oldest inscription in this burial-ground is said to be the follow- ing : " Elizabeth, wifo of Edward Demund, died June 7, 1772." This was probably the first interment.

719

WASHINGTON.

An account of the Washington public school will be found in the history of the borough.

VIII .- VILLAGES.

The villages of this township are Port Colden, Changewater, and Brass Castle. Oxford Furnace is situated almost entirely within Oxford township, and is described in the history of that civil division.

PORT COLDEN.

This place, a post-village, said to be named in honor of Cadwalader Colden, is located in the east part of the township, upon the Morris Canal and the Morris and Essex Railroad. It contains a hotel, the Ebro House, two or three stores, a blacksmith-shop, wheel- wright -shop, brick-kiln, a distillery (John Opdyke proprietor), and a school-house. Its boat-yard on the eanal-basin, formerly run by A. Gaylord, is now dismantled and inoperative. He is now engaged in the organ business. Simon Nunn is proprietor of one of the stores, and A. M. Nunn is the present post- master.

CHANGEWATER.

A small settlement, early known as the Forge, but more recently as Changewater Post-Office, is located in the south part of the township, on the Musconet- cong, at the point where it is crossed by the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad. It contains a large tlouring-mill, operated by Cornelius Stewart ; a looking-glass and picture-frame factory, formerly an incorporated company, but now owned and operated by the individual enterprise of Marshall K. Burd ; a store, post-otlice, and a few dwellings.

Changewater is noted in Warren County as the scene of the murder of the Castner family, of whom but two little boys (Victor and John P.) escaped. They are now grown to manhood and identified with the business of the thrifty little settlement. Victor is the present postmaster. The graves of the mur- derers, Carter and Parks, hung in 1844, are a short distance north of the village .*

The several linestone-quarries located here and in the vicinity are considered among the best in the county. A very large amount of stone is shipped daily to the Oxford furnace. Considerable flour and feed is also shipped from this point.

BRASS CASTLE.

This settlement, situated northwest of Washington Borough, in the northwest part of the township, is merely a rural hamlet, built upon the north bank of the canal. It contains a school-house, a grist-mill, a saw-mill, blacksmith-shop, etc. It has no post-oflive.

John C. Hartpence relates that when he was a boy he heard old men tell that one Jacob Brass here erected his castle of logs, which led to the name of " Brass Castle." This is the only explanation of its origin which has come to us. The old " canal store," which once did a thriving trade, is a thing of the

past ; was changed into a paper-mill and finally burned down.

There are but two post-offices in the township,- Port Colden and Changewater. Other settlements are Imladale and Fairmount. The former, nearly opposite New Ilampton Junction, contains the grist- mill of Peter Cramer, a store, and several dwellings; the latter consists of a school-house, the foundry of Michael B. Bowers, the old Van Doren ( now Gnrnee) mill, and a few dwelling- and tenant-houses.

IX .- HOTELS.+

A hotel was kept at one time by Joseph Wilson in the stone house now occupied by Joseph Rosenberry on Broad Street.

There was carly a tavern on the hill, kept by a Mr. Butler as its last host. The locality was known as Butlertown.

Imla Drake kept the old Washington House (on the site of the Windsor) for two or three years, about 1813; Jater Nick Emmans and Henry Bogart were landlords in the village.

The " Washington," built by Mccullough, was kept by James Doolittle about 1850; later by Jolin C. Malone and Josiah Linn, a son-in-law of Mr. Bruner, of Easton, who purchased it about 1857 (whose son was landlord for a while), and subsequently sold to Col. Strader. The latter kept it several years, then disposed of it to Samuel Weller in 1864, at which time two stories were added, making it a four-story building. Byron French ran it a while. John Can- field took charge in the spring of 1868, William A. Horn in May, 1869. W. A. Horn and Jacob S. Vought were proprietors at the time it was burned, in 1869. When rebuilt by Van Doren & Son it was christened the "Van Doren House," but its name was changed a few years since to the " Windsor."

The present " Washington House," near the depot, was opened in December, 1879, by James Nolan, who still owns and conducts it.

The " Verandah" was built by Alexander McClary, about 1855, as a dwelling for himself; when Malone left the brick tavern, he purchased of MeClary, and changed it into a tavern, who three or four years later sold it to Jacob Pence, his son-in-law. The latter died and left it to his widow, who leased it to J. S. Gaston, C. Person (1868), and other successive tenants. In July, 1868, its name was changed to " Union Hotel," and more recently to the "St. Cloud." One of its hosts was Nicholas Martenis. U. V. C. Ilong- land purchased it about 1874; it subsequently passed through the hands of Mr. Ward and the late Samuel Weller, and in March, 1879, was purchased by C. F. Staats, the present proprietor. It is 100 feet front, three stories high.

· Ser page 450 of this work.

t There are some discrepancies In the statements of the ohl residenty In regard to the early taverns which the writer cannot reconcile ; henco he gives those which appear to be correct.

720

WARREN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.

X .- INDUSTRIAL, ETC.

The main occupation of the inhabitants of this township is that of husbandry,-the raising of grain, stock, etc. The various mechanic arts are also repre- sented on a small scale, and mills, tanneries, distilleries, quarries, etc., abound in different parts of the town- ship.

There are iron-mines in the northeast corner of the township, near Oxford Furnace; also a stone-quarry, between Washington and Changewater, on the lands of J. Sullivan. Jacob Snyder's quarry is one of the most extensive in the county. There is a brick-kiln at Port Colden. Numerous lime-kilns,-one west of Changewater, owned by S. H. Brown, one at that place, J. Sullivan proprietor, another between Port Colden and Changewater, and one at Brass Castle. James Biddle does a large business in lime-burning at his quarries near the Museoneteong.

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History of Sussex and Warren counties, New Jersey, with Illustration and Biographical Sketches of its Prominent Men and Pioneers, Part 178

Author: Snell, James P; Clayton, W. W. (W. Woodford) Publication date: 1881 Publisher: Philadelphia : Everts & Peck Number of Pages: 1140

Author: Snell, James P; Clayton, W. W. (W. Woodford)
Publication date: 1881
Publisher: Philadelphia : Everts & Peck
Number of Pages: 1140