USA > New Jersey > Hudson County > Jersey City > Memorial of the centennial celebration of the battle of Paulus Hook, August 19th, 1879 : with a history of the early settlement and present condition of Jersey City, N.J. > Part 14
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The hands employed in the various branches of the company are more than 500 in number, but so extensive and improved is their patented machinery that the above figures afford only a small idea of their operations. The following statistics of the company's business during the present year will much better show the position held by the firm in the manufacturing world :
PRODUCTS OF THE JOSEPH DIXON CRUCIBLE CO. IN 1879.
Lead Pencils. 24,000,000 Stove polish :.. 6,000,000 cakes, ¿ 1b. each.
Axle grease. 2 tons per day.
Crucibles for brass melting. Nine-tenths of all made in U. S.
Graphite for other purposes 1.000 tons.
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DIXON'S. GRAPHITE WORKS. [CRUCIBLES .STOVE' POLISH . PENCILS. C
STOVE POLISH
GRAPHIE PLUMBAGO BLACK LEAD for Electrotyping Lubricating and prepared for all purposes FOR THE TRADE
BURGON'SCarburetor lion STOVE POLISH DIXON'S Black Lead CRUCIBLES | DIXON'S American Graphite PENCILS
Photo End-TO N.Y.
MATTIHESSEN & WIECHER'S SUGAR REFINERY.
169
THE MATTHIESSEN-WIECHERS SUGAR REFINERY.
It would be eminently proper to regard this colossal estab- lishment as a typical exemplification of the progress of our city, with whose fortunes it has been intimately associated since 1863. The above firm commenced the manufacture of sugar in that year, with only a single factory ; in 1868, they added a second one, larger than the first, and a third in 1875; until, what with joining their buildings together by means of bridges, annexes and wings, and heightening previous erections with additional stories, their vast range of premises resembles. some huge edifice of Cyclopean antiquity. The area of ground occu- pied by these muunerous buildings covers no less than eighty (80) city lots, or 200,000 square feet ; but this statement affords a very moderate idea of the firm's capabilities, for stories are constantly being added to the various factories, and more land being occupied.
The manufacture of sugar requires a large area, and the machinery employed is of the most labor-saving description. The number of hands employed must therefore be an unreliable criterion of a firm's business; but the trade of this company is on such an extended scale as to require the employment of 600 men. Messrs. Matthiessen and Wiechers use 1,000,000 pounds of raw sugar per day, from which is produced 85 to 90 per cent. of refined sugar, besides a large quantity of molasses ; and our city may therefore take. pride in possessing one of the largest sugar refineries in the Union.
170
HAVEMEYERS, EASTWICK & CO'S SUGAR REFINERY.
The name of Havemeyer has long been associated throughout New York and its vicinity with the manufacture of sugar; and although the 'refinery of the above firm in this city has only ex- isted since 1873, it already promises to shortly equal other estab- lishments of a similar character, both in the extent of ground occupied and the amount of business transacted. So rapid has its progress been, that the company had to extend their works two years after opening, and again in 1876, the entire area now occupied being 15,200 square feet. This, however gives but a . very moderate idea of the firm's capabilities; for the main building, with its wings and numerous annexes, rises to an immense height, forming a conspicuous object from the bay and its approaches,
The machinery employed in this refinery is of the most im- proved construction, thus lessening the amount of manual labor required. There are 200 hands constantly employed in the works; the contiguity of the Morris canal affording the com- company unusual facilities for the transportation of their goods. The amount of sugar manufactured by Messrs. Havemeyers, Eastwick & Co., during the preceding twelve months, reached 89,000,000 pounds, besides molasses, and their business is yearly increasing,
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ROUSE & TURNER'S POTTERY WORKS. ..
171
ROUSE & TURNER'S POTTERY WORKS.
The inhabitants of Jersey City look with justifiable pride upon the above establishment, for it is not merely the oldest one of the kind in the United States, but also the most. exten- sive, and by far the best known. It was established in 1825, the original buildings having been largely added to, until they now cover 22,500 square feet. The multiplicity of articles here manufactured, ranging from common potteryware to the most elaborate percelain and bisque, require the consumption of twenty tons of clay weekly, a considerable portion of which is obtained by Messrs. Rouse & Turner from the celebrated mines at Westchester, Penn., and is probably unequalled for ceramic purposes by any similar clay in Europe. The number of hands employed by the firm is seventy, many of whom belong to the highest rank of skilled labor, being designers and decorators.
The ivory white-ware produced at these works from the Westchester clay is unsurpassed for artistic purposes by any European importations; and it is highly glazed by a process unused elsewhere as to be impervious to injury by any liquid whatever. The productions of Messrs. Rouse & Turner are rapidly supplanting those of European manufacturers among the virtuosi and art-lovers of our people.
22
172
THE CENTRAL STOCK YARD AND TRANSIT COM- PANY'S BUILDINGS.
This immense aggregation of cattle-yards, pens, sheds, slaugh- terhouses, refrigerating buildings and numerous other annexes, forms one of the most important business establishments in our State, and is naturally looked upon with pride by the enterpris- ing inhabitants of Jersey City. ' Commonly known as the "Abattoir," it was originally located at Communipaw in Octo- ber, 1866, but the business grew so rapidly as soon to require more convenient quarters, and the company, therefore, removed in January, 1874, to their present commodious premises on the shore of Harsimus cove, at foot of Sixth street. The various buildings, yards, &c., cover a vast area of ground and water, the entire construction being on the most improved scientific principles.
No healthier locality for the production of wholesome human food could possibly be imagined. It is far removed and com- pletely isolated from other buildings, besides being open on every side to all the winds of heaven ; whilst its proximity to the wharves of the great trans-Atlantic steamship lines gives full facility for carrying on the vast and constantly increasing European cattle and meat trades. Some idea may be formed of the extent of business transacted here when it is known that more than 1,000 beef-cattle, 1,300 sheep and 2,000 hogs reach the yard daily. The following official returns of the last five years will be interesting and instructive in this connection :
RECEIVED.
SLAUGHTERED.
Year.
Cattle.
Hogs.
Sheep.
Cattle,
Hogs.
Sheep.
1874.
250,146
547,747
435,315
78,894
543,919
431,241
1875
258,550
640,149
.685,724
73,101
635,023
684,114
1876
279,993
567,448
602,565
113,867
555,735
600,917
1877
310,454
624,802
480,461
78,577
611,834
484,889
1878.
317,002
788,239
427,565
70,620
780,271
426,371
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CENTRAL STOCK YARD AND TRANSIT CO.
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Photo. By, T. Gubelman Jersey City.
HARROUN & BIERSTADT N. F.
ARTOTYPE
COLGATE & Co. Soap Manufactory 1879.
173
COLGATE & CO'S SOAP WORKS.
The extensive range of buildings occupied by the above firm covers no less than a block and a half, or 120,000 square feet. Their present factory was erected in 1847; but the company is one of the oldest in the State, for its establishment dates as far back as 1806.
The products of this firm, in all grades of soap manufacture, have long been household requisites; and no other manufac- turers in their line of business are more widely known, or sur- pass them in the extent of their transactions. They employ 350 hands in their Jersey City factory, besides 50 additional in their sales department at New York. The quantity of soaps manu- factured by them during the last twelve months reached the enormous aggregate of 25,000,000 pounds. Messrs. Colgate & Co. justly claim to possess the largest soap factory in the Union.
174
HUDSON COUNTY NATIONAL BANK.
The Hudson County Bank was chartered by the State July 7th, 1851, and was incorporated as a national bank in 1865. Capital, $250,000. Surplus fund and other undivided profits, $236,918.93. President, Aug. A. Hardenbergh ; Vice-President, Thomas Earle ; Cashier, David W. Taylor. Directors, Matthew Armstrong, Robert C. Bacot, Peter Bentley, Jr., Hampton A. Coursen, Thomas Earle, Peter Henderson, Job Male, Titus B. Meigs, James R. Thompson, Garret D. Van Reipen, Lansing Zabriskie, Aug. A. Hardenbergh, Richard O. Washburne.
HUDSON COUNTY NATIONAL BANK)
HUDSON COUNTY NATIONAL BANK.
FIRST NATIONAL BANK.
ЖНАЯ ЗЛИВІТАЙ ТЕЛА
175
FIRST NATIONAL BANK.
Originally the Mechanics and Traders, and chartered as such, in July, 1853. Incorporated as a national bank, April 18th, 1864. Capital, $400,000. Surplus and undivided profits, $362,026.06. Its officers are : President, Edward F. C. Young ; Vice-President, James L. Ogden ; Cashier, George W. Conklin ; Assistant-Cashier, John W. Omberson. Directors, Edward F. C. Young, James L. Ogden, Benj. G. Clarke, Andrew Clerk, Jas. S. Davenport, B. F. Randolph, William Brinkerhoff, W. 1 A. Wiechers, A. M. Fuller, Joseph D. Bedle, Hamilton Wallis, Charles Siedler.
176
SECOND NATIONAL BANK.
Incorporated as the "Bank of Jersey City," June 25, 1856, and became a national bank in 1865. Capital, $500,000. Sur- plus and other undivided profits, $334,072.33. President, : W. Hogencamp ; Vice-President, I. I. Vanderbeek ; Cashier, E. N. Wilson. Directors, Joseph M. Brown, Henry M. Trap- 'hagen, Isaac I. Vanderbeek, Horatio N. Ege, Orestes Cleveland, W. Hogencamp, Thomas E. Bray, Morillo H. Gillette, Wm. M. . Force, Isaac W. Scudder, F. O. Matthiessen, Alfred A. Lutkins, Edward N. Wilson ..
.
SECOND NATIONAL BANK.
P. LORILLARD & CO'S TOBACCO WORKS.
177
P. LORILLARD & CO'S TOBACCO WORKS.
The above celebrated firm, whose transactions are carried on in every civilized country of our globe, possess not merely the largest tobacco factory in the United States or elsewhere, but, so far as we can learn, they are the oldest business house continu- ing under the same name in the Union, having been first estab- lished in 1760. Their vast factory, with its many dependencies in the immediate vicinity, covers three acres of our city's area ; but even this fact will give only a faint. idea of the magnitude of their operations, for they employ more than 3,000 hands, manufacturing annually 20,000,000 pounds of tobacco. They have paid the Government, during the last fourteen years, a gross revenue exceeding $26,000,000, and yet their business is rapidly increasing.
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178
JERSEY CITY DRUG AND SPICE MILLS.
(R. HILLIER'S SON & CO.)
This firm, whose productions are known throughout the Union, was established in 1860 by Mr. Richard Hillier, and upon his retirement from business in 1874, his son, George R. Hillier, and Mr. Francis A. Moore entered into partnership under the above style and title.
The mills of the firm stand on the original site in Hudson street, and now cover an area of 7,500 square feet, the number of hands employed therein being thirty-nine. The business transacted during the preceding twelve months amounted to upwards of 3,000,000 pounds.
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179
JERSEY CITY MACHINE WORKS.
(NICHOLAS B. CUSHING.)
The above factory, established in 1866, is known particularly among the various ocean steamship lines whose termini are located on the river front of our city. The machinery manu- factured here consists of portable, yacht, horizontal and hoisting engines ; hydraulic and hydro pneumatic elevators, together with those known. as power or belt, and hand-and collar; besides dredging and mining machinery of every description. The present works were erected in 1876 and cover an area of 5,000 square feet ; the various floors of the factory being filled with the heaviest machinery used in this peculiar branch of construc- tion. The number of hands employed is eighty, most of them being skilled artificers.
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180
THE EVENING JOURNAL.
The Evening Journal of Jersey City was established in May, 1867, by Major Z. K. Pangborn and William B. Dunning. The publication and editorial office of the newspaper shared one small room at No. 13 Exchange place, and its available capital, after paying for its equipment of stands and cases for six compositors and a hand "railway " press, was $119.00. In 1868 Joseph A. Dear, previously editor of the Jersey City Times, joined the con- cern and the firm of Pangborn, Dunning & Dear was formed . November 16th of that year. The offices of the Journal were removed to No. 142 Greene street in May, 1869, and an engine and a double cylinder press procured. The increase of business soon made the two floors first used inadequate, a third was occupied, and then the next building was acquired. . In 1872 a lot was bought, and in 1874 the erection of the fine building, of which an illustration is given, was commenced. The building comprises a basement and four stories, 90x25 feet, and is solidly built of brick and granite. Under the sidewalk is the coal vault and boiler room, containing two 20-horse boilers. In the front half of the basement is a fine and compact engine, the office for sales to newsdealers, and space for newsboys and the newspaper press. This machine, the invention of Andrew Campbell, of Williamsburg, L. I., is remarkable as the first web printing machine made in this country capable of printing from one set of plates over ten thousand perfect copies. of the newspaper per hour, and folding the same as fast as printed, and though the first of their kind, both press and folder have been a success from the start. The machines for wetting the paper and for planing and trimming the newspaper stereotype plates are also in this room. The rear half of the basement is occupied as a job pressroom and contains eight large and small job presses and a powerful paper cuttor. On the floor above are the job composition room, 40x25x13 feet, a room 15x25 feet, used for storage of paper, and in the front is the business and publication office, one of the handsomest rooms of the kind in the country. The two next floors are divided into handsome offices, with all modern conveniences and heated by steam, which are rented. On the top floor are the editorial, reporters', newspaper composition and stereotyping rooms, reached froin, the floors below by stairs and one of Otis's elevators. In the stereotyping room is a small steam engine for driving the machinery for finishing the stereotype plates for the job department, and here also the plates for the newspaper are moulded and cast. The newspaper composition room is a lofty, well lighted and ventilated room, with space for working-twenty-five men. In 1877 Win. B. Dunning died soon after the dissolution of the firm of Pang- born, Dunning & Dear, and the formation of The Evening Journal Associa- tion, by which the business is now carried on. The officers of the Associa- tion are Z. K. Pangborn, president and editor-in-chief; F. W. Pangborn, secretary and city editor ; Joseph A. Dear, treasurer and business manager.
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INDEX.
Preface. PAGE Introductory 5
Exercises at the Tabernacle 11
Invocation
14
Address, Mayor Hopper
15
Jas. B. Vredenburgh, Esq.
17
Oration, Hon. C. H. Winfield 21
Appendix to Oration.
59
Address, B. W. Throckmorton, Esq. 92
Benediction 97
The Parade 99
The Collation
103
Speech, Col. D. S. Gregory . Ex-Gov. Price. 105
103
.. Ilon. A. A. Hardenbergh. 108
Rev. Dr. Abercrombie. . 111
.. Rev. P. D. Van Cleef. 113
F. G. Wolbert, Esq 115
Maj. D. A. Peloubet .. 116
Gen. John Ramsey 118
5
.. Hon. J. A. Blair. 119
6. Mr. J. M. Noon 123
The Fireworks 125
Henry Lee-Memoir 127
Lord Stirling-Memoir. 131
The Lay of. Paulus Hook. 135
Extraets from the Press 139
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PAGE
Historical Sketch of Jersey City
153
Anthony Dey . 155
Richard Varick 156
Jacob Radcliff. 156
Population, Vote, &c 158
Churches, Schools, Police. 159
Fire Department, Post Office, Militia. 160 Savings Banks. 161
Dudley S. Gregory 163
Henry J. Hopper. 164
The Steel Manufacturers of Jersey City. 165
Jersey City Steel Works. 166
Adirondac Steel Works
167
Joseph Dixon Crucible Company. 168
Matthiessen & Wiechers' Rugar Refinery 169
Havemeyers, Eastwick & Co.'s Sugar Refinery. 170
Rouse & Turner's Pottery . 171
Central Stock Yard and Transit Company 172
Colgate & Co.'s Soap Works. 173
Hudson County National Bank 174
First National Bank.
175
Second National Bank 176
Lorillard & Co.'s Tobacco Works. 177
Jersey City Drug and Spice Mills 178
Jersey City Machine Works.
179
The Evening Journal.
180
PAULUS HOOK'S GLORY MARKED
D. A. n. MONUMENT ON LIGHT HORSE HARRY'S BATTLEFIELD. Sun nov 24.1903
Light Horse Harry's Grandson There to Make the Oration of the Day-Wives of Two New Jersey Governors and Mrs. Fairbanks Help in the Celebration,
Jersey City put on holiday attire yester- day afternoon and a townful of people turned out to witness exercises attending the unveiling of a memorial shaft at Grand and Washington streets, which was erected under the auspices of the New Jersey Daughters of the American Revolution to commemorate the battle of Paulus Hook, fought on that spot on Aug. 19, 1779,
The erection of the monument, a rough- hewn granite shaft 26 feet high, was made possible by the efforts of Mrs. John J. Toffey, vice-regent of Paulus Hook Chapter, D. A. R., and chairman of a special committee of that society, who worked for nearly two years before she succeeded in getting the Legislature to appropriate $1,500 for it.
She was aided by other members of the chapter in buttonholing legislators to vote for the appropriation and in prevailing upon the Jersey City authorities to grant permission to place the shaft in the middle of a public square situated within the lines of the old fort where "Light Horse" Harry Lee and his 300 men surprised the British under the command of Major Sutherland.
A feature of yesterday's celebration was a parade, in which 2,000 men partici- pated. Frank O."Cole, a veteran of the civil war and one of Jersey City's leading men, was grand marshal. The paraders included a battalion of United States In- fantry from Governors Island, the Fourth Regiment, National Guard of New Jersey; Naval Reserves of New Jersey, local G. A. R. posts, several companies of the Boys' Bri- gade, veterans of the civil war, Knights of Phtyias, Knights of Columbus and numer- ous fraternal organizations.
When the head of the procession stopped at the monument the Rev. Dr. Cornelius Brett, pastor of the Bergen Reformed Church, which was founded in old Bergen 139 years before the battle of Paulus Hook, made a short prayer.
Mrs. Althea Randolph Bedle, widow of ex-Gov. Joseph D. Bedle of New Jersey, and vice-president of the New Jersey Society of the D. A. R., made an address from, a decorated stand near the memorial shaft. She said:
Monuments not only mark but make the progress of a nation. They are milestones
There have never been so many historical spots commemorated by monuments and tablets as since the organization ol the Sons. and Daughters of the American Revolution and other patriotic societies.
The monument was formally presented to Paulus Hook Chapter by Mrs. John J. Toffey, and then Mrs. Bedle left the stand and pulled the cord which unveiled the shaft. "As the flag fell, an officer on horseback wig-wagged to the battleship Indiana, lying at the foot of Grand' street, three blocks away. Fifteen seconds later the guns on the Indiana boomed forth a national salute, and the big crowd cheered. A band struck
up "America.""
Mrs. George T. Werts, wife of a former New Jersey Governor, who is regent of Paulus Hook Chapter, formally. accepted the monument, and the parade passed on.
Patriotic exercises were held in Elks Hall, York and Henderson streets, after the pa- rade had disbanded. The Rev. Dr. Brett presided. The Rev. Dr. Charles Herr, pas- tor of the First Presbyterian Church, gave the invocation. Then Mrs. Werts presented the monument to the city, and Mayor Mark M. Fagan accepted it on behalf of the mu- nicipality.
The Fourth Regiment Band played the much discussed Cincinnati March, intro- ducing "America," the new national hymn written by Dr. A. R. Parsons, who was present. Sixty voices from the' Woman's Choral Society joined in the chorus.
Mrs. Charles W. Fairbanks, wife of Sena- tor Fairbanks of Indiana, and president" general of the D. A. R., said she was de, lighted to do honor to one who led his men in the successful attack on Paulus Hook. When she exclaimed "All honor to Light Horse Harry!": the audience cheered and waved'handkerchiefs.
Mrs. Fairbanks gave a brief history of the D. A. R., which, she said, was organized thirteen years ago by eighteen patriotio women. The organization now has a membership of 43,600.
"What may these 43,600 not do," she said, "to create a true patriotic spirit in this country of ours! The Daughters of the American Revolution are democratio. We invite every woman, whether rich or poor, who has the registered lineal de- scent, to join us. We only demand that she be good and pure."
Mrs. Fairbanks closed by making a plea for the erection of a national Continental Hall in Washington.
Gen. Fitzhugh Lee of Virginia, a grand- son of the hero of Paulus Hook, received a typical Jersey welcome when he arose to deliver the oration of the day. He spoke for over an hour. Gen. Lee told the story of Paulus Hook and eulogized George Wash- ington. He dwelt on the heroic deeds of "Light House Harry;" Gen. Robert E. Lee, and Commodore Sydney Smith Lee. Of Gan. R, E. Lee he said:
He took a prominent part in the olvil war and, whatever opinion may be held by those who differed with him at that time, all admit that when he had fought his last battle he sheathed a stainless sword ??
The exercises closed with a soprano solo, "Star Spangled Banner," by Miss Luoy Nelson. The audience joined In the chorus. A dinner was given at the Union League 'Club last night in honor of Gen. Fitzhugh Lee.
GENEALOGICAL DEPARTMENT
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