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Gc 974.701 K61ro v.1 1254230
M. L.
GENEALOGY COLLECTION
1
ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY 3 1833 01178 3161
МАЗОК
2
2
A HISTORY
OF
LONG
ISLAND,
NEW YORK
FROM ITS EARLIEST SETTLEMENT TO THE PRESENT TIME
:
BY
PETER ROSS, LL. D.
VOL. I
THE LEWIS PUBLISHING COMPANY NEW YORK AND CHICAGO
1902
COPYRIGHT, 1902, THE LEWIS PUBLISHING COMPANY, NEW YORK AND CHICAGO.
1254230
SONS OF LONG ISLAND.
O God of Columbia! O Shield of the Free! More grateful to you than the fanes of old story Must the blood-bedewed soil, the red battle-ground, be Where our forefathers championed America's glory! Then how priceless the worth of the sanctified earth We are standing on now !* Lo! the slope of its girth Where the martyrs were buried; nor prayers, tears or stones Marked their crumbled-in coffins, their white holy bones.
Say, Sons of Long Island, in legend or song, Keep ye aught of its record, that day dark and cheerless, That cruel of days when, hope weak, the foe strong, Was seen the Serene One, still faithful, still fearless, Defending the worth of the sanctified earth We are standing on now? &c.
Ah, Yes! be the answer. In memory still We have placed in our hearts and embalmed there forever The battle, the prison ship martyrs and hill. Oh, may it be preserved till those hearts shall sever, For how priceless the worth, &c.
And shall not the years, as they sweep o'er and o'er, Shall they not even here bring the children of ages, To exult as their fathers exulted before In the freedom achieved by our ancestral sages? And the prayer rise to heaven with gratitude given And the sky by the thunder of cannon be riven? Yea! Yea! let the echo responsively roll, The echo that starts from the patriot's soul.
W'alt Whitman, 1846.
*Fort Greene, Brooklyn.
PREFACE.
N the following pages an effort has been made to present the history of the whole of Long Island in such a way as to combine all the salient facts of the long and interesting story in a manner that might be acceptable to the general reader and at the same time include much of that purely antiquarian lore which is to many the most delightful feature of local history. Long Island has played a most important part in the history of the State of New York and, through New York, in the annals of the Nation. It was one of the first places in the Colonies to give formal utterance to the doctrine that taxation without representation is unjust and should not be borne by men claiming to be free-the doctrine that gradually went deep into the hearts and consciences of men and led to discussion, opposition and war; to the declaration of independence, the achievement of liberty and the founding of a new nation. It took an active part in all that glorious movement, the most signifi- cant movement in modern history, and though handicapped by the merciless occupa- tion of the British troops after the disaster of August, 1776, it continued to do what it could to help along the cause to which so many of its citizens had devoted their fortunes, their lives.
On Long Island, too, the old theory of government by town meeting found full scope, even in those sections where the Dutch rule was closest and the story of these little republics with their laws and limitations is worthy of careful study at the present day. They present us, as in the case of Southold, with specimens of pure theocracies flourishing and progressing in spite of the watchful and pre-eminent rule of the local church directorate, or possibly rather as a consequence of it, and they also present us, as in Jamaica, with townships founded on somewhat less religious lines but in which the edict of the church authorities was a matter that commanded primal respect. But, one and all, these communities showed that the view of the people as expressed in town meeting was the supreme local law, the origin of all local power, even though a fussy Director General now and again made his authority and dignity known by interference, or a Proprietary or Colonial Governor attempted to tax the people or impose a minister or a religious system without other warrant than his own sweet will and his own imperious necessities, or the wishes of his superiors-in London.
VI
PREFACE.
In compiling this history all previous works relating to the story of Long Island have been laid under contribution, notably such volumes as those of Wood, Thomson, Onderdonk, Furman and Spooner. The invaluable labors of Dr. Henry R. Stiles, whose "History of Brooklyn" and other works are storehouses of local history, have been drawn upon freely, for no story of Brooklyn could now be written that would not be under the deepest obligation to the patient and learned writings of that most painstaking of antiquarians and local historians. The chapter on "Dentists in Brooklyn " was written for this volume by Dr. William Jarvie, and is the result of many years' research. The chapter on medical history by Dr. William Schroder froms another valuable feature.
Of local histories nearly all those accessible have been consulted. From the published writings of Mr. William S. Pelletreau, the erudite historian of Suffolk County, and the author of several valuable works illustrating the long, eventful, and highly honorable story in peace and war of that grand section of Long Island, many details have been gathered. From the writings of Dr. W. Wallace Tooker, of Sag Harbor, the indefatigable student of Indian lore on Long Island, much that is deeply interesting concerning the red man and his remains has been gleaned, and thanks are due both these gentlemen for their freely given permission to make their studies avail- able for this volume. The cordial manner in which the Flatbush Trust Company permitted the use of several illustrations from its interesting work on "Flatbush, Past and Present," also demands an expression of thanks.
The files of the Brooklyn Eagle have been freely consulted and proved a most invaluable storehouse; in fact almost since its origin, in 1841, the Eagle has been, as every local newspaper should be, the best possible historian of Brooklyn, and indeed of Long Island. It has the happy art in these modern days of knowing how to combine those personal details which we look for in a local paper with the wide reaching world-news which is the feature of a metropolitan daily. From the col- umns of the "Standard-Union " and the "The Brooklyn Times " much has also been gathered.
The author desires also to thank the numerous correspondents to whom he is much indebted for details of considerable interest in the various township histories. In following the windings of family history, to which considerable space has been devoted, much curious matter would have been overlooked but from details received as the result of correspondence with the modern representatives of many of these old families. Thanks are given for all this in its proper place, and indeed an effort has been made throughout the work to quote every authority and give full credit to previous writers and to all who have in anyway, directly or indirectly, rendered assistance.
PETER ROSS.
CONTENTS.
Proem.
CHAPTER I.
Topography of the Island-Natural History-Botany-Geology.
3
Indians and Their Lands.
11
The Decadence of the Aborigines
30
CHAPTER IV.
Discovery-Early White Settlements and Political and Financial Relations- - The Importance of the Wampum Industry
43
CHAPTER V.
The Dutch-Some Early Governors-Peter Stuyvesant. 53
CHAPTER VI. .
The British Government.
63
CHAPTER VII.
Some Early Families and Their Descendants-Some Pioneer Settlers -- The Stirling Ownership and Colonizing Schemes-Lion Gardiner and His Purchase-A Long Island "Queen of the White House" -- The Blue Smiths and Other Smiths, The Tangier Smiths and Other Branches of the Smith Family -- The Floyds.
CHAPTER VIII.
+ Some Old Families in Queens and Kings) The Lloyds-The Jones Family-The Record of a Bit of Brooklyn Real Estate -- The Rapalyes-The Livingstons -- The Pierrepont, Lefferts and Other Holdings.
CHAPTER IX.
Some Primitive Characteristics-Early Laws-The Administration of Justice.
105
CHAPTER X.
Slavery on Long Island.
119
CHAPTER XI.
134
Early Congregational and Presbyterian Churches ....
CHAPTER XII.
Religious Progress in Kings County.
. ..
146
1
CHAPTER II.
CHAPTER III. .
VIII
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER XIII.
Persecutions-Religious-The Troubles of the Early Quakers-Trials For Witchcraft. 165
CHAPTER XIV.
Captain Kidd and Other Navigators 176
CHAPTER XV.
The Ante-Revolution Struggle.
CHAPTER XVI.
199
The Battle of Brooklyn.
CHAPTER XVII. 209
The British Occupation
CHAPTER XVIII. 211
Some Long Island Loyalists-Richard Hewlett-John Rapalye-Mayor Mathews-Governor Colden- Colonel Axtell-Lindley Murray and Others. 226
CHAPTER XX.
A Few Revolutionary Heroes-General Woodhull-Colonel Tallmadge-General Parsons-Colonel Meigs. 237
CHAPTER XXI.
The War of 1812-Naval Operations Around Long Island.
CHAPTER XXII.
The Chain of Forts-Military Activity in Kings County-The Katydids and Other Heroes-The Popular Uprising.
256
CHAPTER XXIII.
The Story of Educational Progress. 266
CHAPTER XXIV.
Internal Communications-Roads and Railroads-The Magnificent Outlook For The Future
279
CHAPTER XXV.
307
Kings County
CHAPTER XXVI.
310
Flatlands
CHAPTER XXVII.
317
. Flatbush.
New Utrecht
CHAPTER XXVIII. 329
CHAPTER XXIX.
Bushwick-Williamsburg-Greenpoint-The Adventurous Life of Neziah Bliss. 337
250
CHAPTER XIX.
182
The Retreat From Long Island-A Strategic Triumph
IX
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER XXX.
Gravesend-The English Town of Kings County-Lady Moody-Early Settlers and Laws-A Religious Community with a Sad Closing Record .. 354
CHAPTER XXXI.
Coney Island-Rise of the Famous Resort-The Democratic Watering Place of New York-A Revolution- ary Reminiscence-Piracy and Plunder. 373
CHAPTER XXXII.
The Story of Brooklyn Village to The Beginning of the Revolutionary Movement 381
CHAPTER XXXIII.
Brooklyn-From the Close of the Revolution to the Incorporation of the Village-Pre-Eminence of the Ferry-The Beginning of the Navy Yard. 395
CHAPTER XXXIV.
The Village of Brooklyn. 399
CHAPTER XXXV.
The First City-Mayors Hall, Trotter, Johnson, Smith, Murphy and Others-Disastrous Fires -- Business Extension-The Grand City Hall-Literature and the Press.
409
CHAPTER XXXVI.
Church" Development-Loughlin -Dr. Bethune-St. Ann's-Holy Trinity-Dr. Storrs-Henry Ward Beecher-Land Operations-Greeuwood and Other Cemeteries-The Ferries-Work at the Navy Yard
126
CHAPTER XXXVII.
The Era of the Civil War-1865-1870-A Succession of Capable Executives -The Metropolitan Police -- J. S. T. Stranahan-Prospect Park-Street Railways-Libraries-Rapid Extension of the City Cholera
442
CHAPTER XXXVIII.
Intellectual and Spiritual Life-Literature-Brooklyn Public Library-Rev. Dr. Cuyler-Rev. Dr. Talmage-Father Malone. 153
CHAPTER XXXIX.
The Civil War-The Troops in the Field-The Enthusiasm in Brooklyn-Brooklyn's Contributions to the Navy
163
CHAPTER XL.
The Death Grapple of the Struggle-Brooklyn's Meetings and Contributions-The Sanitary Fair -- The War Fund Committee -Repairing the Losses-The Grand Army of the Republic. 470
CHAPTER XLI.
The Splendid Closing Record-Mayors Low, Whitney, Chapin, Boody, Schieren and Wurster-The Bridge -- Some Interesting Statistics.
182
CHAPTER XLII.
The End of an Auld Sang-Literature and the Drama-Higher Education-National Guard -The Navy Yard -Architectural Progress-Wallabout -Public Statues-The Passing of Brooklyn City .. 198
x
CONTENTS
CHAPTER XLIII.
Queens -- Development from Rural to Urban Life -The Future of the Borough-Horse Racing-An Interesting Story of the Consolidation. 5521
CHAPTER XLIV.
Flushing-The Patentees of 1645-Freeholders in 1683-The Lawrences The Churches-Modern Changes and Developments.
528
CHAPTER XLV.
Newtown-The Step-Child of the Metropolitan Area-Mespath and Mr. Doughty-Middleburg-De Witt Clinton-Middle Village and Other Settlements, 538
CHAPTER XLVI.
Jamaica-The Little Republic of Rusdorp-Ministerial Troubles-Mr. Poyer's Trials-The Revolution - Educational and Business Progress. 548
CHAPTER XLVII.
Long Island City-A Loose Aggregation -- Anneke Jans-Captain Praa-Long Island Railroad's Terminus -Astoria and Its Namesake-Grant Thorburn-+Hell Gate-A Picturesque Mayor. 567
CHAPTER XLVIII.
Summer Resorts-FA Cosmopolitan Pleasure Resort-Health, Excitement, Society and Solitude-Modern Baronial Estates-Patchogue-Peconic Bay-The Land Boomers and the Railway ..
CHAPTER XLIX.
The Medical Profession on Long Island-Early Medical Legislation-A Southampton Doctor and His Fees-Noted Physicians of the Olden Times Brooklyn's Pioneer Doctors . 585
CHAPTER L.
The Medical Society of the County of Kings-Brooklyn's City Hospital and Similar Institutions -A Long Roll of Honorable Professional Names. 594.
CHAPTER LI.
Various Medical Societies-Brooklyn Hospitals-Dispensaries.
607
Dentists in Brooklyn
CHAPTER LII. 617
CHAPTER LIII.
The Bench and Bar-The Old Courts and Judges-Alden T. Spooner, Judge Furman-The Tilton-Beecher Case-Judge Neilson, Judge Beach-A Group of Modern Judges and Jurists. 624
CHAPTER LIV.
Freemasonry on Long Island -Social-Tiny Beginnings of a Great Institution-Sketches of Representative Early Lodges Some Distinguished Long Island Craftsmen 647
CHAPTER LV.
The Social World of Long Island-A Grand Array of Associations of all Sorts-Assessment Insurance Fashionable Clubs-Sporting and Hunting Organizations 672
CHAPTER LVI.
Old Country Families- Family History and Story-Pioneers, Heroes, Merchants and Their Descendants. 696
CONTENTS.
XI
CHAPTER LVII.
Notes and Illustrations -- The Long Island Campaign-Dutch Names of Places and Persons Historical Gleanings and Documents-Early Nineteenth Century Descriptions 728
CHAPTER LVIII.
The Catholic Church on Long Island
CHAPTER LIX.
Nassau County.
869
Hempstead.
CHAPTER LXI.
North Hempstead
903
CHAPTER LXII.
919-
CHAPTER LXIII.
935
CHAPTER LXIV.
965
Huntington
CHAPTER LXV.
975
Babylon
CHAPTER LXVI.
978
Smithtown
CHAPTER LXVII.
985
Islip
CHAPTER LXVIII.
990
Brookhaven.
CHAPTER LXIX.
998
Riverhead
CHAPTER LXX.
1013
Southold.
CHAPTER LXXI.
1020
Shelter Island.
CHAPTER LXXII.
1033
Southampton.
CHAPTER LXXIII.
1048
East Hampton.
APPENDIX: Long Island Troops in the Revolutionary War.
1073
CHAPTER LY.
880
Oyster Bay - Sketch of President Roosevelt. .
Suffolk County.
INDEX.
Abbott-Ex-Surrogate, 64I. Abbott, Dr. Lyman .- 434. Academy of Music, Brooklyn .- 450. Ackerly, Orville B .- 1005.
Agriculture .- Indian, 25; in the days of the occupa- tion, 22I (see also under various towns and vil- lages); land and soil, 792; fish as fertilizers, 793; small versus large farms, 793. Agriculture in Suffolk county .- 998; the Suffolk County Agricultural Society, 100I.
Ainslee, James .- Justice in Williamsburg, 349. Alberti, Caesar .- 18.
Albertson, Albert (Terhune)-Early settlers at New Utrecht, 329.
Alexander, Rev. Dr. S. D .- quoted, 138. Allefonsce, Jean of Saintonge, sails through Long Is- land Sound in 1542 .- 44.
Alsop, Rev. B. F .- 427. Alsop family-709. Amagansett .- village of, 1056; 1071. Amersfort, or Amersfoort ( Flatlands)-311. Amityville .- village of, 977.
Andrews, Samuel .- 89. Andriese, David of Bushwick .- 337. Andros, Governor .- 68; 70; 83.
Antonides, Rev. Vincentius .- 150. Apprentices' Library, Brooklyn .- 402; 505. Aquebogue-Prehistoric remains found at, 34; 580. Architectural features-Early, 107; in Gravesend, 364; in modern Brooklyn, 510; 680. Arden, Dr. Charles .- 196. Arts and Sciences-Institute of, 505. Astor, John Jacob .- 569. Astoria-538; 568; sketch of, 569. Athenaeum, Brooklyn .-- 422. Atlantic Docks, the .- 418. Aurora Grata Club .- 659. Axtel, Colonel .- 196; 232; 323.
Babylon .- In War of 1812, 252. Babylon, old mill at .- 879; History of, 974; land boom- ers, 974; village beginning, 976; hotel keeping, 976; a princely visitor, 976; churches, 977; vil- lages, 977. Backer, Jacobs-New Utrecht, 330. Bacon, Col. A. S., Brooklyn .- 371. Bader, F., of Gravesend .- 371. Baird, Colonel A. D .- 485. Baldwin, David .- 314. Baldwin, Rev. J. A .- 313. Baldwin, W. H., Jr .- Pres. Long Island Railroad, 303. Barber, Rev. Jonathan -1024. Barburin, Captain .- 256.
Barker, John G .- 668. Barren Island .- Deed surrendering, 27. Bartlett, Justice Willard .- 643. Bartow, Edgar J .- Sketch of, 427. Basset, Rev. John .- 260.
Bath .- 328; 335.
Baxter, George (of Bushwick) .- 337. Baxter, George (of Gravesend) .- 60; 61; 362. Baxter, John .- teacher, 314. Bayberry Point .- Moorish houses at, 989.
Bayles, David .- shipbuilder, 994.
Bayles, R. M .- quoted, 993; 995.
Bay Ridge .- 328; ferry to Staten Island, 334; 335. Bayside .- 535. Beattie, Rev. John .- 333.
Beatty, A. Chester .- 83.
Beatty, Robert C .- 83. Beatty, W. Gedney .- 83.
Bedford .- Beginning of village of, 390.
Bedford Corners. - School at, 270.
Beecher, Henry Ward .- 410; sketch of, 431; trial of case of Tilton vs. Beecher, 633.
Beeck man, Cornelis .- New Utrecht, 330.
Beekman, Cornelis .- 62.
Beekman, Gerardus .- 73.
Beekman, Col. Gerardus .- 151.
Beekman, William .- 60; 385. Bell, James A. H .- 500.
Bell, Oliver Bunce .- 424; 453.
Bellomont,Governor .- 72; relations with Captain Kidd, 177. Bench and Bar .- 625.
Bench and bar of Kings county; of Suffolk county, 963.
Bennett, Arien Willemsen .-- 332. Bennett, William Adriaense .- 54; 381. Benson, Judge Egbert .- 626. Bensonhurst,-Village, 334; 335. Bentyn, Jacques. - 54; 58; 381.
Bergen Beach .- 316. Bergen, Hans Hansen .- 58; 280.
Bergen, Captain J. T .- 335.
Bergen, Teunis G .- 54; 58; 266; sketch, 727.
Bergen, Tunis G .- 643.
Berry, Abraham J., Mayor of Williamsburg .- 350. Berry, Ed .- 314. Bescher (or Beets), Thomas .- 58. Bethpage .- village of, 938. Bethune, Rev. Dr .- 426. Betts, Captain Richard-709. Billeting of British troops .- 222; 223. Bishop, Rev. Alexander H .- 572. Blackwell, Captain Jacob .- 570.
XIV
INDEX.
Bliss, Neziah .- Sketch of, 352; 568. Blissville .- 568.
Block, Adriaen .- 45. Block Island discovered .- 43.
Blue Laws of Connecticut .- 115. Blues, the Dirty .- 340.
Blythebourne .- 328. Boerum, Willem Jacobse Van .- 321.
Bogardus, Rev. Everardus .- 146; 568.
Bohemia .- village of, 996.
Bonaparte, Prince Joseph, at Babylon .- 976.
Boody, Mayor .- 485.
Books, Dutch .- Used in Divine service, 149.
Booth, Edwin .- Last appearance on any stage, 508.
Booth, Samuel, Mayor of Brooklyn .- 445.
Boston Tea Party .- 187.
Bostwick, Arthur E .- 455.
Bout, Jan Evertsen, founder of Brooklyn .- Sketch of, 383; 385; Stuyvesant's ultimatum, 390.
Bout, Jan Eversen .- 59.
Bownas, Samuel, Quaker Missionary .- 172.
Bredenblut, William .- 62.
Breslau .-- village of, 977.
Bresser, Henry .- 58. Brewster, Rev. Nathaniel. 991,
Bridge, The Brooklyn .- 487.
Brighton Beach, Coney Island .-- 374.
Brighton Beach Racing Association .-- 369.
Brockholles, Lieutenant Governor .- 69.
Brookhaven Artillery Company in War of 1812 .- 254. Brookhaven .- Pioneers, 990; Setauket founded, 990; Richard Woodhull, 991; early ministers, 991; some patents, 992; Smith purchase, the, 992; Revolutionary heroes, 992; Setauket's " Green," 992; churches, 992; Queen Caroline's gifts, 993; Strong's Neck, 994; Patchogue, 994; Port Jef- ferson, 994; other villages, 996.
Brooklyn .- Battle of, 199; fortifications, 202; landing of the British, 203; the leaders of the Continent- als, 203; Putnam in command, 204; Grant plays with Stirling, 205; capture of Flatbush, 205; Howe's strategic night march, 206; defeat all along the line, 207; the gallant Maryland- ers, 207; Sullivan and Stirling captured, 208; rush for the inner fortifications, 208.
-Notes and Illustrations .- Elias Bayles, 746; How- ard House, 746; Thompson's story of the battle, 747.
-Retreat .- Washington's memorable movement a military triumph, 209.
-Results of the battle .- 213.
-British Occupation .- 214; Silas Wood on, 221 ; Long Island famed for its misfortunes, 221; Onder- donk quoted on, 223; billeting the troops, 223; Flatbush, 324; New Utrecht, 334; Bushwick, 339,
-
-Fortifications in War of 1812, 257; plan, 259; work
begun, 259; peace celebrations, 263.
- -Origin of Brooklyn, 58; Carl De Bevoise, first schoolmaster, 268; population, 3; slaves and their owners, 122; church squabbles with Flat- bush, 157; first church, 159; early preachers, 160.
-Early history, 381; the annexation fever covers its whole story, 381; original districts, 381; Gov- ernor Kieft's proclamation, 382; Harrington Putnam on "Origin of Breuckelen," 383; ap- pointment of Schout, 384; first preacher, 387; palisade around village, 384; Governor Nicolls' charter, fac simile, 386; administration, 390; charter from Dongan, 390; taxation of the five Dutch towns, road making, beginning of Ful-
ton street, 391; description of village in Moore's Gazetteer, 392; the ferry, 592.
History from the Revolution to incorporation, 395; recognized as a town, 395; fire department or- ganized, 395; first newspaper, 395; other jour- nalistic ventures, 395; shipping and shipbuild-
' ing, 396; trades in 1796, 396; yellow fever, 396; the medical profession, 396; shitting center of trade, 397; navy yard established, 397; results of the war of 1812, 398; the territory covered by the village act of incorporation, 398.
-Story of "the Village," 399; first trustees, 398; meetings, 401; population statistics, 399; Board of Health, 400; a prosperous era, 400; Long Island Bank, 401; almshouse, 401; great men who visited Brooklyn, 402; Guy's snow scene, 403; schools, 404; temperance society, 404; the Heights, 404; real estate development, 405; city charter, nine wards, 406.
-The First City .-- Manifestations of civic pride, 409; first board of aldermen, 408; a succession of Mayors, 409; City Hall project, 417; Atlantic Docks, 418; street stages, 419; water supply, 419; the great fire of 1848, 419; cholera epidemic, 420; Know-Nothingism, 420; police, 422; statis- tics of progress, 422; city of homes, 423; news- papers, 423; Walt Whitman, 425; Gabriel Fur- man, 425; church development, 426; the city of churches, 428; annexation of Bushwick and Williamsburgh, 440; Mayor Hall's report of progress, 440.
- -The Consolidated City, 443; Mayors Hall, Powell, Kalbfleisch (the " War Mayor "), Wood, Booth, 444; The Metropolitan Police act, 446; Mr. Stranahan's service, 447; Prospect Park, 447: growth of the city, 450; Erie Basin, 451; Gow- anus Canal, 451; Some statistics, 452; Gabriel Harrison, 453.
Public Libraries, 454; Rev. Dr. Cuyler, 455; Rev. Dr. Talmage, 458; Rev. Father Malone, 459; The Civil War, Patriotism of the city, 464; Splendid service of Brooklyn troops, 466; Ship- building. 468; Navy Yard Scare, 466; The Death grapple of the Struggle, 471; draft riots, 471; generosity of the citizens, 471; help- ful organizations, 472; the Sanitary fair, 472; United States Christian Commission, 478; war fund committee, 479; the close of the struggle, 479; honoring the heroes, 480.
The Splendid Closing Record, 483; Mayor Low, 483; Mayor Whitney, 485; Mayor Chapin, 485; Mayor Boody, 486; Mayor Schieren, 486; Mayor Wurster, 487; opening of the Brooklyn bridge, 487; elevated roads and other means of transit, 488; statistics of all sorts, 489; valuation, 490; mechanical and manufacturing industries, 493; educational matters, 503; the drama, 507; archi- tectural development, 510; Wallabout market, 511; statues and memorials, 512; honoring Mr. Stranahan, 512; annexation of Kings county towns, 517; consolidation with Manhattan, 517; the end of an auld sang, 518.
Early school regulations, 268; School at Bedford corners, 270; John Clark's school at Ferry, 270; Punderson Ansten's school at Ferry, 270 ; first school at Wallabout, 270; early schools, 270; care of roads, 280.
City Hospital and similar institutions, 595; Patho- logical Society, 609 ; Dispensaries, 612; Dent- ists, 617.
Social Clubs-Architectural Features, 680; Ham-
XV
INDEX.
ilton Club, 681 ; Brooklyn Club, 681 ; Union League, 684; Lincoln, 684; Hanover, 685; Mon- tauk, 686; other social clubs, 686. -The Future Of, 518. Brooklyn Masonic Veterans .- 659. Brotherton. 36.
Brouwer, Jan .- 314. Brown, Edward, of Gravesend .- 362.
Bruce, Hon. Wallace .- 499.
Brush, Rev. Alfred .- 333. Brush, Conklin .- Mayor of Brooklyn, 411, 412. Bryant, William Cullen .- 907.
Buel, Rev. Samuel. - 271.
Building and Loan Associations, Brooklyn .- 492.
Bull, Ralph .- 276. Bunce, Joel .- First postmaster, 510. Burnet, Governor .- 74. Burns, John .- 314.
Burr, Colonel Aaron .- 627.
Burroughs Family .- 709.
Burton, Mary, and her "confessions."-120.
Bushwick .- Case of sedition, 116; women assault a cap- tain of militia, 116; slaves, 121; resolutions in War of 1812, 260; first school, 268; general sketch, 337; early settlers, 337; petition for a schoolmaster, 338; trouble with Governor Nic- olls over minister, 338; charter, 339; Dongan's charter, 339; Revolutionary War, 339; peace rejoicings and toasts, 340; modern changes, 341. Buys, Peter .- Early settler of New Utrecht, 329.
Calvary cemetery .- 7. Campbell, Rev. William H .- 274. Camp Wickoff. 1072. Canarsie .-- 316, 317. Canarsie Indians .- Deed to Flatbush settlers, 318. Canoe Place .- village of, 1046.
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