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Gc 974.702 N422La v.1 1136707
M. L
GENEALOGY COLLECTION
ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY 3 1833 01145 1736
Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2015
https://archive.org/details/historyofcityofn01lamb_0
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No. 1
4 . 22 1 36
history of t ity of New york.
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Thus was Manhattan Island again left in primeval solitude, waiting till Commerce should come and claim its own. Page 35.
HISTORY
OF THE
CITY OF NEW YORK:
ITS ORIGIN RISE, AND PROGRESS.
BY MRS. MARTHA J. LAMB
AND MRS. BURTON HARRISON.
Illustrated.
IN THREE VOLUMES. VOL. I.
NEW YORK : A. S. BARNES AND COMPANY.
Copyright, 1877, 1880, 1896, by A. S. Barnes & Co.
University Press : JOHN WILSON AND SON, CAMBRIDGE, U. S. A.
4.80
PREFACE.
1136707
THIS work, of which the first volume is now complete in sixteen parts, is the outgrowth of more than a dozen years of careful study and persistent research. The subject is one of unusual interest, and notwithstanding the immense labor involved, it has attracted and diverted rather than wearied the author, and kept the soul stirred with constantly increasing enthusiasm. The outlook will speak for itself to every intelligent reader. A wooded island upon the border of a vast, unexplored, picturesque wild, three thousand miles from civili- zation, becomes within three centuries the seat of the arrogant metropolis of the Western world. The narrative embraces the condition of Europe which contributed to this remarkable result, the origin and birth of the city in which we take so much pride, its early vicissitudes, the various steps of progress through which it became powerful, the con- nection of causes and effects, the rise of churches, schools, colleges, charities, and other institutions, the machinery, commercial and political, with all its crudities, breakages, friction, and modern improvements, ever producing unlooked-for events, its wars and rumors of wars, its public characters and foreign relations, and its social thread, knotting and tangling, but yet running through all the years, spinning its own way and coiling itself into every feature of the structure, - the cable, indeed, to hold the multiplicity of parts together. In the language of a prominent leader of public opinion, "hardly did old Rome herself emerge from a more mysterious and fascinating crucible of legend and tradition."
iv
PREFACE.
It would give me pleasure to mention all the sources from which I have obtained assistance in the preparation of these volumes, but they are legion, and the statement would read like a dictionary. I shall, however, make due acknowledgments, as far as space will permit, in the Preface to Volume II. The most eminent scholars of the land are among those who have given me counsel and encouragement. I have never lost sight of the magnitude and importance of the task before me, New York being the central point in all American history, nor have I in any instance indulged fancy at the expense of historical exactness and symmetry. My first aim has been to reach the truth, in which pursuit I have spared no pains. My original purpose to produce a standard authority has been my latest purpose. Facts be- fore finding a place in my pages have been subjected to a searching ordeal. Occasional errors may have escaped even the closest vigilance,
but such when discovered will be corrected. On all matters where difference of opinion exists I have examined both sides without preju- dice or partiality. I have also listened with deference to and profited by the judgments of the well-informed. But while I have left no stone unturned in the way of securing the broadest light and the most unexceptional aid, I am alone responsible for what I have written.
If, in the treatment of a subject which combines so many sources of thrilling interest, and which is dear to the heart of every American citizen, I have given warmth and color as well as life and expression to realities, and found favor with the great sympathetic reading public, then my labor has not been in vain.
MARTHA J. LAMB.
NEW YORK CITY, June 15, 1877.
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER I.
Manhattan Island. -- Earliest Records of America. - The Icelanders. - The Fifteenth Cen- tury. - Venetian Commerce. - Christopher Columbus. -- England. - The Cabots. - The Portuguese. - Vasco da Gama. - The Fishermen of Brittany and Normandy. - New- foundland. - The Spaniards. - Verrazano Estevan Gomez. - The English Again. - The Dutch. - Belgium. - Usselincx and John of Barneveld. - The East and West India Companies .
11-25
CHAPTER II.
Henry Hudson. - His Voyages. - He discovers Manhattan Island. - His Voyage up the Hudson River. - His Visit to an Indian Chief. - His Tragical Fate. - American Furs. - Settlement of Virginia. - Voyages to Manhattan. - The Fur Trade. - Burning of the Tiger. - Building of a Ship at Manhattan. - Description of Manhattan Island. - The Manhattan Indians. - Customs and Dress. - Money and Politics. - Trading Privileges 26 - 39
CHAPTER III.
The Hague. - John of Barneveld. - New Netherland. - New England. - The First Fort at Manhattan. - Political Commotion in Holland. - John of Barneveld's Execution. - Im- prisonment of Grotius. - The West India Company. - The Amsterdam Chamber. - The First Settlers of New Netherland. - Death of the Prince of Orange. - Death of James I. - The Marriage of Charles I. - The First Governor of New Netherland . 40-52
CHAPTER IV.
Peter Minuet. - The First Buildings. - The Horse-Mill. - The First Girl born in New Netherland. - Diplomatic Correspondence. - The Embassy to Plymouth. - New Neth- erland not a Pecuniary Success. - The Charter of Freedom and Exemptions. - The Ma- norial Lords. - Kiliaen Van Rensselaer. - The Van Rensselaer Manor-House. - The Great Ship. - Governor Minuet and Recall. - Wrangling among the Directors of the Company 53-65
CHAPTER V.
Wouter Van Twiller. - Captain De Vries. - Van Twiller and the English Vessel. - Captain De Vries and the Governor. - The First Minister. - The First Church and Parsonage. - The First Schoolmaster. - Buildings and Improvements. - New Amsterdam. - Begin- nings of Hartford. - Troubles with the English. - Quarrels with the Patroons. - Quar- rels with the English. - Fort Amsterdam. - Excess and Irregularities. - Purchase of Land. - Governor Van Twiller's Recall 66-81
CHAPTER VI.
Governor William Kieft. - The Extraordinary Council. - Abuses. - Proclamations. - The Dominie's Wedding. - A Curious Slander Case. - The First Ferry to Long Island. - En- croachments of the Swedes. - A New Policy. - Captain De Vries's Arrival. - The Pioneer Settlers. - Oloff Stevensen Van Cortlandt. - English Ambition. - Captain De Vries's
vi
CONTENTS.
Travels and what he Saw. - Purchase of Indian Lands. - Trouble with the Indians. - The New Charter of Freedom and Exemptions. - The Store-Keeper. - The Six Murder- ers. - Municipal Regulations. - The First Marine Telegraph in the Harbor 82-96
CHAPTER VII.
Indian Vengeance. - The First Popular Assembly. - Kieft's Disappointment - Death of Peter Minuet. - Effort of the Twelve Men to institute Reforms. - The Governor's Procla- mation. - The Dutch and English Discussion of the Boundary Question. - A Flaw in the Title to New Netherland .- Religious Persecution. - The First Tavern. - The New Church. - Raising Money at a Wedding. - The First English Secretary. - The Year of Blood. - The Blood Atonement. - The Shrove-Tide Dinner-Party. - The Inhuman Massacre. - General Uprising of the Indians. - Overtures for Peace. - The Hollow Truce. - The Sec- ond Representative Body. - A Page of Horrors . 97-115
CHAPTER VIII.
Confiscation of Shoes. - The Doomed Village. - Trials for Want of Money. - Action of the West India Company. - Kieft's Quarrels. - The War Ended. - The Great Indian Treaty of Peace. - Minerals. - The New School. - Adriaen Van der Donck. - Van Rensselaer's Deatlı. - The New Governor: - Stuyvesant's Reception. - Governor Stuy- vesant. - Mrs. Peter Stuyvesant. - Mrs. Bayard . 116-130
CHAPTER IX.
Political Events in Europe. - Holland and the Hollanders. - The Sabbath in New York. - The First Surveyors. - Kuyter and Melyn, and their Trial for Rebellion. - The Wreck of the Princess. - Kip. - Govert Loockermans. - First Fire-Wardens. - Schools and Education. - Rensselaerswick a Power. -- The Governor's Failure. - Civil War in Eng- land. - Van Cortlandt. - Van der Donck. - Melyn. - The Quarrel. - Van der Donck in Holland. - Isaac Allerton 131- 149
CHAPTER X.
The Confiscated Vessel. - Governor Stuyvesant's Body-Guard. - Rensselaerswick. -- The Schuyler Family. - The Navigation Act. - Rev. Samuel Drisius. - African Slavery. - The Birth of the City. - The First City Fathers. - Allard Anthony. - William Beek- man. - The Prayer of the City Fathers. - Military Preparations. - Van der Donck. - Hon. Nicasius De Sille. - The Diet of New Amsterdam. - Oliver Cromwell. - Peace between England and Holland 150-168 .
CHAPTER XI.
City Taxation. - The Swedes. - The Long Island Ferry. -- Thomas Pell. - Lady Moody's Library. - The Gay Repast. - First City Seal. - Christmas. - New Year's. - The City Hall. - The First Church on Long Island. - Dominie Polhemus. - The Expedition against the Swedes. - The Indian Horror. - Van Tienhoven's Downfall. - The Lutheran Persecution. - City Progress. - Dominie Drisius. - Burgher Rights. - Unique Laws. - The Quaker Persecution. - Hodgson at the Wheelbarrow. - Stuyvesant's Interview with the Indian Chiefs. - " Whitehall."- Stuyvesant's Country-Seat. - Indian Hostilities. - Oliver Cromwell's Death .
169-191
CHAPTER XII.
The Restoration. - Charles II. - The Connecticut Charter. - Sir George Downing. - George Baxter and John Scott. - Progress of the City. - The Antiquarian Map. - The Quakers. - Destruction of Esopus. - The Indian War of 1663. - Governor Stuyvesant in Boston. - Thomas Benedict. - The Embassy to Connecticut. - Startling Condition of Affairs. - John Scott. - Hon. Jeremias Van Rensselaer. - The Convention of 1664. - Mrs. Dr. Kiersted. - Planning of Charles II. and his Ministers. - An Unfriendly Expedition. - New Amsterdam in Danger. - Preparations for a Siege. - Winthrop's Interview with Stuyvesant. - The Letter. - The Approaching Storm. - The Crisis. - The Surrender. - New York. - Consequences of the Conquest. - Stuyvesant at the Hague. - The Stuy- vesant Pear-Tree. - The Stuyvesant Family 192-217
CHAPTER XIII.
New York. - The Duke of York. - Governor Nicolls. - Mr. and Mrs. Johannes Van Brugh. - The Brodhead Family. - Albany. - The Taking of the Oath of Allegiance to Eng-
vii
CONTENTS.
land. - Sir Robert Carr at Delaware Bay. - An Extraordinary Complication. - Connect- icut Diplomacy. - The Dividing Line between Connecticut and New York. - New Jer- sey. -- Elizabethtown. - Johannes De Peyster. - Interesting Controversy. - Court of Assizes. - Nicolls a Law-Maker. - The Hempstead Convention. - " The Duke's Laws." -- The First Race-Course on Long Island. - The First Vineyard on Long Island. - The First Mayor of New York. - The First Aldermen. - John Lawrence. - Nicholas Bay- ard. - Symptoms of War. - Secret Orders. - War Declared. - Cornelis Steenwyck. - The Plague in London. - The Great Fire in London. - England's Disgrace. -- Clarendon's Fall. - New York's Miseries. - Nicolls's Wisdom. - Witchcraft. - The Manors of Gar- diner and Shelter Islands. - Nicolls asks for his Recall . 218-240
CHAPTER XIV.
Colonel Francis Lovelace. - Nicolls and Lovelace. - Cornelis Steenwyck's House. - The City Livery. - Nicholas Bayard. - Fever and Ague in New York. - The End of Com- mercial Intercourse with Holland. - Louis XIV. - France. - The Triple Alliance. - So- cial Visiting in New York in 1669. - A Prosperous Era. - The Dutch Reformed Church. - The Sabbath in New York Two Hundred Years Ago. - Dress of the Period. - The Lutheran Minister. - Witchcraft. - The First Exchange. - Rebellion on Long Island. - The Purchase of Staten Island. - Charles II. and Louis XIV. - The Prince of Orange. - Assassination of the De Witts. - War between England and Holland. - Fierce Battles in Europe. - The Death of Colonel Nicolls. - The First Post between New York and Boston. - Lovelace in Hartford. - The Dutch Squadron in New York Bay. - Capture of New York by the Dutch. - New Orange 241-258
CHAPTER XV.
Admiral Evertsen. - The New Municipal Officers. - The Conquered Territory. - Taking the Oath. - Lovelace's Private Losses. - Governor Anthony Colve. - Rumors of War with New England. - Austria and Spain to the Rescue of Holland. - The Famous Test Act. - Mary of Modena. - The Marriage of the Duke of York. - The Sacrifice of New Neth- erland. - The Treaty of Westminster. - Sir Edmund Andros. - Lieutenant-Governor Anthony Brockholls. - New Jersey. - Long Island. - Governor Colve's Farewell. - The Reception of Governor Andros. - Dominie Van Rensselaer. - Frederick Philipse. - Captain Manning. - Stringent Measures. - Imprisonment of Leading Citizens. -- Indian War in New England. - Robert Livingston. - Andros and the Connecticut Delegates. - City Improvements. - Tanneries along Maiden Lane. - Stephanus Van Cortlandt - The Celebrated Bolting Act. - Indian and Negro Slaves . 259-279
CHAPTER XVI.
European Affairs. - Prince of Orange in London. - Marriage of William and Mary. - Peace between Holland and France. - Jacob Leisler. - The Climate of New York. - The Min- ister's Supper. - Conversation in Latin. - Ecclesiastical Troubles. - Hunting Bears be- tween Cedar Street and Maiden Lane. - The two Labadists. - Jean Vigne. - The Trav- elers on Long Island. - Sleeping in a Barn. - The First Classis in America. - Movement to build a New Church. - The Uneasy Indians. - New Jersey. - Arrest and Trial of Governor Carteret. - East and West New Jersey. - Faulty Deeds. - Imperiousness of Andros. - William Penn's Sophistry. - Opinion of Sir William Jones. - Complaints against Andros. - Founding of Pennsylvania. - Recall of Andros. - Clamor for an As- sembly. - Lieutenant-Governor Brockholls. - Almost a Colonial Revolution. - Long Island. - Insubordination. - An Assembly Granted. - Thomas Dongan. - The Trium- phal March .
280-299
CHAPTER XVII.
Governor Thomas Dongan. - Mayor William Beekman. - William Penn in New York. - The First New York Assembly. - Laws enacted by the Assembly. - The New York Courts. - The Acts of the Assembly. - New York Contented and Prosperous. - Dominie Selyns's Parsonage. - The Iroquois a Wall of Defense. - A Brush with Connecticut. - Plot to assassinate Charles II. and the Duke of York. - Confusion in England. - Argu- ments in the Privy Council. - Arbitrary Measures. - The City Charter. - The Sabbath Question in 1684. - Hotels and their Guests. - Funeral Customs. - Powder Magazine. -- Lord Effingham in New York. - The Great Indian Conference. - The Auspicious New Year. - The Sudden Revulsion. - The Death of Charles II. - Scenes and Inci- dents. - James II. proclaimed King of England. - The New King's Promises. - The Gradual Grasp of Power. - Inconsistencies of James II. - Effect upon New York. - Juries in 1685. - Mason and Dixon's Line. - William Penn's Influence at Court. - The Dongan Charter. - New City Seal. - The Albany Charter. - The Livingston Manor. - Philip Livingston . 300-320
viii
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER XVIII.
Catholicism in New York. - Absurd Alarms. - Persecution in France. - The Assembly abolished in New York. - Sir Edmund Andros in Boston. - Connecticut and her Two Wooers. - Connecticut loses lier Charter. - The Post-Route. - Governor Dongan a Statesman. - Albany in Danger. - The English, French, and Iroquois. - Consolidation of the Colonies. - New York swallowed by New England. - Sir Edmund Andros. - The Exiled Huguenots. - Extraordinary Acts of James II. - The Seven Bishops. - Birth of the Prince of Wales. - Mary, Princess of Orange. - The Character of William III. - The Political Marriage. - A Domestic Romance. - William's Purposes. - William's Expedition to England. - Revolution in England. - The King's Despair. - Abdication of the Throne by James II. - William's Reception in London. - William and Mary crowned Sovereigns of England . 321 -336
CHAPTER XIX.
The Revolution. - Sir William Phipps. - Rev. Dr. Increase Mather. - The Bill and its Fate. - The News in New York. - The News in Boston. - Revolution in Boston. - Revolution throughout New England. - New York Alarmed. - The Lieutenant-Gov- ernor and his Council. - The Public Money. - Anxiety and Precautionary Measures. - The Militia of New York. - Jacob Leisler. - The Cargo of Wine. - The Cloud on Long Island. - Wild Rumors. - Plot to destroy New York. - Lieutenant Henry Cuyler. - Revolution in New York. - Confusion. -- Leisler's Declaration. - The Black Saturday. - Events of Monday. - The False Alarm and its Results. - The Disabled Government. - Philip French. - Leisler's Correspondence. - Nicholson sails for England. - Leisler's Infatuation. - Captains De Peyster and Stuyvesant. -- Proclamation of William and Mary. - Drinking the New King's Health. - Riotous Conduct. - The Fight at the Cus- tom-House. - Colonel Bayard's Escape. - Leisler's Convention. - The " Committee of Safety." - The Mayor's Court. 337-358
CHAPTER XX.
New York under Leisler. - The Elections of 1689. - Mrs. Van Cortlandt's Courage. - Leis- ler's Executive Ability. - Albany in Peril. - Independence of Albany. - Mayor Peter Schuyler. - Milborne's Defeat. - Connecticut to the Rescue. - Colonel Nicholas Bay- ard. - Captain Lodwyck in Disgrace. - Captain De Peyster in Disgrace. - The Rough Search for Colonel Bayard. - William III. of England. - The Tangle in New York. - The King's Letter to Nicholson. - New York threatened by the French. - Leisler's Agent at Whitehall. - Matthew Clarkson. - The King's Letter seized by Leisler. - Leis- ler's Assumption. - An Outburst of Rage. - Philip French in a Dungeon. - The Jails and Prisons filled. - Arrest of Colonel Bayard. - Arrest of William Nicolls. - Pursuit of Robert Livingston. - The French on the War-Path. - Burning of Schenectady. -- Shocking Massacre. - Albany Appalled. - Albany submits to Leisler. - The First Colo- nial Congress in America. - Leisler's Vigor. - Wholesale Complaints. - Connecticut's Rebuke. - Despotic Laws. - New Rochelle. - Wedding of Leisler's Daughter. - Ad- vice from Boston. - The Government of New York as ordained by William III. - Ar- rival of Lieutenant-Governor Ingoldsby. - The City in Tumult. - Leisler Aggressive. - Bloodshed in New York. - Governor Sloughter's Arrival. - Leisler Imprisoned. - The Sunday Sermon. - The Trial of Leisler and his Council. - Leisler and Milborne under Sentence of Death. - The Assembly of 1691. - Dr. Gerardus Beekinau. - Sloughter's Character. - Signing of the Death-Warrant. - The Execution of Leisler and Milborne. - Impressive Scenes. - Effects of Leisler's Death. - The French and Indian War. - Death of Sloughter. - Ingoldsby Commander-in-Chief. - Etienne De Lancey. . 359-397
CHAPTER XXI.
Abraham De Peyster. - Effects of the Revolution. - The two Hostile Factions. - The Gar- den Street Church. - Origin of Water Street. - Public Paupers. - City Legislation. - Condition of the Province. - The Corporation Dinner. - Governor Fletcher. - Fletcher studying the Indians. - The Gift of a Gold Cup. - Fletcher's Difficulties. - Boston meddling. - Caleb Heathcote. - A Curious Romance. - The Assembly Stiff-necked. - Fletcher in Temper. - The First Printing in New York. - Sir William Phipps. - Official Stealing. - Livingston in England. - Young Leisler at William's Court. Wrangling in the Assembly. - Accusations and Counter-Accusations. - Fletcher's Speech. - Shock- ing Brutalities. - Fletcher's Character on Trial. - Livingston criticised by Fletcher. -- De Peyster's New House. - De Peyster's Descendants. - Miller's Description of New York. - Dominie Selyns's Piracy. - Mrs. Fletcher and lier Daughters. - Captain Kidd. - The Expedition against Piracy. - Kidd the Prince of Pirates. - The Repeal of Bolting and Baking Acts. - First Opening of Nassau Street. - The First Lighting
ix
CONTENTS.
of the City. - The First Night-Watch. - The Earl of Bellomont. - Bellomont's Re- forms. - Bellomont's Collision with the Merchants. - The Acts of Trade. - The Peace of Ryswick. - The Landed Estates Attacked. - James Graham. - Dominie Dellius. - Bellomont's Mortifications. - The Dutch Church. - Bellomont in Boston. - The Board of Trade. - Deaths of Graham, Van Cortlandt, and Bellomont . . -447
CHAPTER XXII.
Colonel William Smith. - Conflict in the Council. - Lieutenant-Governor Nanfan. - Illegal Voting. - Robert Livingston in Disgrace. - Mrs. Gertrude Van Cortlandt. - The City Elections. - Extraordinary Confusion. - Mayor Noell. - Chief Justice Atwood. - Manor-House of Caleb Heathcote. - Trial of Nicholas Bayard for Treason. - Death of William III. - Lord Cornbury. - Bayard's Sentence Reversed. - The Yellow Fever. - The Church Quarrel. - Lady Bellomont. - The Leisler Bill. - Death of Frederick Phil- ipse. - Philipse Manor. - Philipse Will. - The French Church. - Trinity Church. - Queen Anne. - Excitements. - The Treasurer of the Province. - Death of Lady Corn- bury. - Lord Cornbury and the two Presbyterian Ministers. - The Assembly of 1708. - Spirited Resolutions. - Lord Lovelace. - First Paper Money in New York. - Five In- dian Chiefs at Queen Anne's Court. - The Silver Vase presented to Schuyler by Queen
. 448- 480 Anne . .
CHAPTER XXIII.
Governor Robert Hunter. - Hunter's Life and Character. - Hunter's Correspondence with Swift. - Hunter's Counselors. - John Barbarie. - Rip Van Dam. - The Germans. - Livingston Manor. - Hunter's Country-Seat. - " Androborus." -The City Finances. - Negro Slaves. - Lobsters. - Origin of the Debt of England. - Prophecies. - The Cana- dian Campaign. - The Disappointment. - The Negro Insurrection. - City Improvements. The Assembly. - Death of Queen Anne. - George I. - Chief Justice Lewis Morris. - Robert Watts. - The New York Families. - James Alexander. - First Presbyterian Church. - Wall Street. - Potatoes. - Hunter's Farewell Address. - Peter Schuyler in Command of New York . 481-510
CHAPTER XXIV.
Governor William Burnet. - Social Events. - Burnet's Marriage. - Dr. Cadwallader Col- den. - Robert Livingston Speaker of the Assembly. - John Watson the First Portrait- Painter. - Robert Walters. - Burnet's Indian Policy. - Rev. Jonathan Edwards. - Burnet's Council. - Young Men going West. - Burnet's Theology. - The French Prot- estants. - Stephen De Lancey. - William Bradford. - The First Newspaper in New York. - The Silver-toned Bell. - Burnet and the Indian Chiefs. - Death of George I. - Burnet's Departure for Boston. - The New Powder Magazine. - Governor John Mont- gomery. - Conference with the Indians at Albany. - James DeLancey. - The First Li- brary in New York. - The Jews' Burial-Place. - The City Charter. - First Fire-Engine in New York. - First Engine-House. - Rip Van Dam President of Council and Acting Governor of New York . 511-539
CHAPTER XXV.
Governor Cosby. - Rip Van Dam. - Exciting Lawsuit. - Opinion of Chief Justice Mor- ris. - The Council. - The Judges. - The Removal of Chief Justice Morris. - James De Lancey appointed Chief Justice. - Courtesy to Foreign Visitors. - Lord Fitzroy. - A Little Romance. - Marriage of George Cosby. - Taxes. - Fashions. - Morris at the Court of England. - William Bradford. - The New Newspaper in New York. - John Peter Zenger. - Arrest and Imprisonment of Zenger. - The Famous Trial. - Chief Justice DeLancey. - Andrew Hamilton. - Definition of Libel. - Chambers Address. - Hamilton Arguments. - Acquittal of Zenger. - Exciting Scenes. - Paul Richards. - The City Watch. - Cortlandt Street. - The Poor-House. - Rip Van Dam. - Cosby's Sickness and Death. - Contest between Rip Van Dam and George Clarke. - George Clarke Lieutenant- Governor of New York. - Mrs. Clarke. - Lewis Morris Governor of New Jersey. - Social Life in New York. - The Election of 1737. 540-570
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
FULL-PAGE ENGRAVINGS.
Page
Manhattan Island in Primitive Solitude
...
... .
1
De Vries expressing an Opinion
..
...
70
Council Scene
...
.. .
170
Surrender of New York
. .
213
The First Horse-Race in New York
..
229
The Duke of York and William Penn
302
Revolutionary Scenes (1689)
...
. .
423
Schuyler at the Court of Queen Anne
479
Burnet and the Indian Sachems ...
517
The Zenger Trial
ILLUSTRATIONS IN TEXT.
Page
1. Group of Ladies showing Fashions of the Day 13
2. Group of Gentlemen showing Fashions of the Day. 19
3. East India Company's House 22
4. Portrait of John of Barneveld 25
5. Hudson's Ship 28
6. Burning of the Tiger 34
7. View of the Vyverberg at the Hague ... 39
8. West India Company's House. 47
9. Flag of West India Company 48
10. Landing of the Walloons at Albany 52
11. The First Warehouse 55
12. Dutch Windmills. 59
13. Van Rensselaer Manor-House in 1874 .. 62
14. Purchase of Manhattan Island. 65
15. Autograph of Wonter Van Twiller. 66
16. Portrait of De Vries. 68
17. First View of New Amsterdani. 77
18. Trading with the Indians. 81
19. Autograph of Everdus Bogardus 85
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