USA > New York > Franklin County > A history of St. Lawrence and Franklin counties, New York : from the earliest period to the present time > Part 54
USA > New York > St Lawrence County > A history of St. Lawrence and Franklin counties, New York : from the earliest period to the present time > Part 54
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464
HISTORY OF ST. LAWRENCE
The following statement of yield, was drawn up by Mr. Charles L. Lum, who kept the books of Moss & Knapp, and had accurate means for knowing the product of their furnace. The numbers show the pounds of lead smelted in each mouth, for the two sections of the Coal hill mine.
Western Section. 1837
1838
Eastern Section. 1837
1838
To J. 1, 110,434
(Slags,) 7,412
Jan .. 3, 60,690
Jan.,
29,915
50.901
Jan., 110,292
Feb. 2 )
Feb.,
38,222
F. &. M. 68,880
Feb., 48,613.
Mar., 5 80,872
Mar., 52 864
(Slags),
8,382
Mar., 68,954
Apr.,
121,888
(Slags)
5,285
Apr.,
39,214
Apr.,
34,609
May, S
Apr.,
54,963
May,
25,836
May,
80,534
June,
60.714
May,
49,460
June,
90,298
June,
67.892
July,
45,071
June,
35,641
July,
76,113
July,
90,486
Aug.,
60,802
July,
40,664
Aug.,
73,749
Aug .. 111,349
Sept,
43.965
Aug.,
51,921
Sept.,
118,058
(Slags) 6,503
Oct.,
83,753
Sept.,
44,422
Oct.,
188,788
Sept. 111,271
Nov.
16,927
Oct.
Nov.,
54,842
Oct., 67,575
Dec.,
20,996
Nov., &
Dec ..
101,211
Nov., 32,892
afterwards, 405,559
Total yield,
1,845,088
Total yicld,
1,405,683
Making in all 3,250,690 lbs. or 1625 tons of metalic lead, the average yield of the ore, being 67 per cent, or 10} tons per fathom .* The ore is associated with beautiful white calcareous spar, free from any mineral in intimate combination with it, which renders it very easy for dressing, and the smelting of it in the large way has been found not to exceed three dollars per ton of metalic lead. It is so favorable for smelting that it can be reduced for three dollars per ton of metal, which, when suitably dressed, yields seventy per cent of lead.
Botli of these companies discontinued working about 1840, and num- bers lost large sums from the depreciation of stock and loss from va- rious causes, among which was the low price of lead in market.
An incident occurred during the earlier workings of the mines, that well nigh resulted in blood-shed. During the spring of 1837, nearly five hundred Irish laborers were employed in and about the mines, who may be supposed to have been actuated by the peculiar prejudices com- mon to the lower classes of that people. On the evening preceding " St. Patrick's day in the morning," some mischievous persons had sus- pended by the neck, an effigy in Irish costume, before a house ocenpied by laborers as a boarding house, and affixed a label " St. Patrick," and a wish that this might be the fate of every Irishman. This had its natural effect, and the indignation towards the authors of this act knew no bounds. Those living near the place accused others from a neighbor- ing locality of doing it, and mutual accusations led to threats of ven- geance, and the whole crowd had armed themselves with such weapons as chanced to fall in their way, and were disuaded from acts of violence with the greatest difficulty, on the part of the overseers, who to appease them, offered large rewards for the offenders. Had the latter been dis- covered, nothing would have saved them from a violent death. This gave origin to a feud, which subsisted for a long time, and the laborers in the smelting house, in some way became obnoxious to the Irish, as
* Miners estimate by the fathom which is 6 feet in length and depth, without regard to thick- ness.
MASSENA
AL
SECTI from GEOLOGICAL MAP
FERASHER
OF
ST. LAWRENCE COUNTY.'
LAURENCE
N
O
D
S
ORRISS
TO
GANTON
D
ALB
PIERREPON
E
"MACOMB
LEROMINES
CPAURILE COVERNEL MINES
R
RUSSEY
HERMON
0
A COPPER
FOWLER
EDWARDS
ORLEANS
ANTWERP
RIVER
VOCDENSBURGY
LAWRENCE
Lakem
megalchie R.
C
HAMMOND
S T.
LEXANDRIA
A
-
A
١
ל
SECTION OF UNION MINE. ROSSIE.
SECTION OF WORKINGS AT THE UNION VEIN, ST. LAWRENCE CO., N. Y.
PRODUCT OF EXCAVATION, - $19,170
NUMBER OF FATHOMS EXCAVATED, 136
YIELD PER CUBIC FATHOM,
$141
48
96 144
SCALE OF FEET
PROPOSED PLAN OF WORKING THE COAL HILL MINE.
PROPOSED PLAN OF WORKING THE UNION MINE.
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AND FRANKLIN COUNTIES.
the supposed authors of the insult. Being in constant apprehension of an attack, the smelters provided means for throwing melted lead from their furnace, and hot water from the boilers of the engine, and the knowledge of these precautions is said to have saved them from an at- tack. Some time after this, two of the Irish laborers were directed to drill a hole for a blast in the immediate vicinity of the smelting house, for the purpose of forming a new channel for the water. Strict orders were given not to charge the hole in the absence of the foreman, but this was disregarded, and the drilled hole and a crevice in the rock, were heavily charged with powder. A third one coming up emptied the most of another keg into the seam, and hastily filling it up with sand applied a match. The authors of the mischief having fled, the blast took effect with tremendous energy, casting vast quantities of rock into the air to an immense height, and jarring the ground to a great distance. A shower of these projectiles, falling upon the roof of the smelting house, perforated it in many places, but fortunately the boiler escaped, and no one was injured by the terrible explosion. All suspicious parties were forthwith discharged, and the immediate authors of this infamous act having fled, the quarrel was ended.
These lead mines having been discontinued more than ten years, and having reverted to Mr. Parish, during the summer of 1852, the shaded portion of the premises, shown in the accompanying map, was leased by R. P. Remington, for ten years, with a privilege of ten years more, with one twelfth royalty, and a company styled the Great Northern Lead Company, was incorporated under a general act, Sept. 8, 1852, for a term of fifty years, for the purpose of working mines of lead and other ores in St. Lawrence county. Capital fixed at $500,000, in shares of $10 each. The number of directors nine, three of whom will re- side in the vicinity of the mines, the remainder and the officers of the company in New York city. The underground work will be in charge of an agent of extensive experience, tried ability, character and judg- inent, who comes directly from the management of one of the largest mines in Cornwall. The capital in hand to commence operations will be fifty thousand dollars.
The directors named were James C. Forsyth, Ernest Tiedler, P. Strachan, John F. Sanford, S. T. Jones, Silas M. Stillwell, Charles G. Myers, R.P. Remington, and James G. Hopkins.
This company have commenced active operations, and erected a Cornish engine of sixty horse power, with improved and very perfect machinery ; imported a large number of practical miners from Corn- wall, who are under the direction of an experienced captain, and intend to prosecute the business of mining on an extensive scale. New dis- coveries of ore have been made, and the bottom of the mines are very rich. We present in the accompanying cut, the sections and plans which are proposed for future operations. Taking into view all the ad- vantages of this section of our county-the rich developments in min- eral wealth-the ease in preparing the ore for the furnace, and the sim- plicity and cheapness of its reduction to metal-the convenience of ac- cess by plank and good turnpike roads to the various mining localities-' a healthy climate-abundance of fuel and products of the soil-alto- gether present it as a decided mining region, and worthy the attention of the miner and adventurer.
Religious Societies .- But two incorporated societies exist in town. The first Universalist society of Somerville, was formed Aug. 20, 1842, with
468
HISTORY OF ST. LAWRENCE
Lyman Merriman, Alva Weeks, and Wm. Ayers, trustees. In 1846 they erected a church, which in the last census is reported worth $1,700.
The Methodist Episcopal church of Somerville, was incorporated Dec. 16, 1845, with Hiram Hall, Orin Freeman, John Johnson, Freedom Free- man, Augustus Preston, and A. C. Van Dycke, trustees. They erected in 1846, a chapel, reported in the census worth $1,500.
The Catholics several years since commenced a church at Rossie Iron Works, which was not enclosed.
RUSSELL,
Was formed by an act of March 27, 1807, embracing the whole of Great tract No. 3, except so much of township 3 as is now included in Pierrepont, which by this act was attached to Potsdam. The first town meeting was directed to be held at the house of Reuben Ashman.
By an act of April 10, 1818, the townships of Edwards and Fitz Wil- liam (now Hermon and Edwards), were transferred from Russell to Fowler. The first town officers were: Russell Attwater, supervisor; Reuben Ashman, clerk; Ezra Moore, Jos. Hutchinson, Philip Viall, asses- sors ; Calvin Hill, constable and collector ; John Knox, Jos. Hutchinson, overseers of the poor ; Sam'l Eaton, John Watson, John Knox, commis- sioners highways ; John Watson, Thos. Gillinore, fence viewers; Azel Clark, Simeon Stiles, Elihu Morgan, Joel Clark, overseers of highways.
Supervisors .- 1808-10, Russell Attwater; 1810, at special town meet- ing, R. Ashman; 1810-14, Reuben Ashman; 1815-18, Anthony C. Brown ; 1819-21, Phinneas Attwater; 1822, R. Ashman; 1823-7, James Williams; 1828-33, Rollin Smith; 1834-8, Elihu Phelps; 1839-40, Holmes Nevin; 1841-2, R. Smith; 1843-6, Benjamin Smith; 1847, R. Smith; 1848, J. Williams; 1849-50, Nelson Doolittle; 1851-2, Rollin C. Jackson.
Notes .- 1809, $250 raised for the poor, $250 for schools. 1810, $5 for wolf bounties, and $150 voted for this purpose; $250 raised for the poor, to be let on good security. 1811, same wolf tax and poor tax as 1810. Voted that the books sent to the town of Russell, by the Hampshire Mis- sionary Society, be left in the care of Moses A. Bunnel, and to be re- turned to him within three months after taken away. Voted, that a sled shall be four feet wide. A fine of $2 for going on the public highway with a sled that is not four feet wide the present year. The same in 1812. $5 wolf bounty, $100 to pay these bounties; $250 for the poor; $1 penalty for allowing Canada thistles to grow and go to seed. 1813, $5 wolf bounty, payable out of the money previously raised for this pur- pose. 1814, $250 for the poor. 1815 to 1819, voted to raise three times the amount for schools that the town receives from the state. 1820, $5 bounty for wolves, payable from the money raised for this purpose in 1810, 1811 and 1812. In 1821, a committee of three appointed to ex- amine and see if there is any money in town raised for the destruction of wolves in 1810, 1811 and 1812. Resolved, That such balance as may be found due, shall be collected and paid to the supervisor for the purpose of paying a bounty on noxious animals at the rate of $2.50 for each wolf, pan- ther and bear, and $1 for each fox. In 1822 the money paid for bounties raised in 1810-12 to be paid in work on roads and bridges. 1823, voted to give up to Reuben Ashman $150, raised in 1810, for the destruction of wolves, on his securing the remainder. In 1832, voted that the ter- ritory called Scriba, and Bloomfield, be set off into a separate town, on
469
AND FRANKLIN COUNTIES.
condition that they will not call for any of the public funds of money now on hand, except road money. In 1838, remonstrated against the petition of the inhabitants of the town of Edwards, to have the town- ships Nos. 12 and 14, now belonging to this town, set off to the town of Edwards. In 1839, voted in favor of abolishing the poor house system, and agreed to unite in a petition to the legislature to that effect.
This town is named from Russell Attwater, and now embraces a part · of Dewitt, the whole of Ballybeen, and the north half of Sarahsburgh. It was McCormick's wish that the town should bear the name of Bally- been, after his native place in Ireland. Mr. Attwater had purchased of McCormick, in 1798, the north half of No. 5, a quarter of No. 6, a quar- ter of No. 14, of tract No. 2, and a quarter of No. 22 in Franklin county All but the half of No. 5, were subsequently reconveyed. This em- braced about 13,600 acres, and was purchased at about forty cents per acre.
The town was first explored with the view of settlement by Mr. Rus- sell Attwater, in the summer of 1804. In 1805, Timothy Blair, a sur- veyor from Blanford, (the former residence of Mr. A. and many of the first settlers), came on, and surveyed most of the town into farms. The party who came this year, arrived in the spring, and spent the whole summer in opening roads, surveying, and in clearing a field of about twelve acres, on a farm now owned by George L. Horsford. The com- pany who spent the season of of 1805 in town, were mostly young men in the hire of Mr. Attwater, who boarded themselves in a shanty, and pro- cured their provisions from Canada. The first family that settled in town was that of Nathaniel Higgens, who in the spring of 1805 commenced a clearing on a small lot near the village. Joel Clark and family, from Granby, Mass., came in the fall of 1805, and the first saw mill in the town of Russell was erected by him the same year, on Plum creek, half a mile from its mouth. These two families spent the winter of 1805-6 in town, with no neighbors within many miles.
The names of those who accompanied Mr. Attwater the first summer (1805), were Nathan Knox, Heman Morgan, Elias Hayden, Loren Knox, Reuben Ashman, Jesse Bunnell, Elihu Morgan, and David Knox. In April, 1806, Mr. Attwater returned with many others who proposed to form a settlement, and proceeded by way of the Black river country, and the State road, to Washburn's, in Macomb, and thence crossed to Foote's settlement, in Canton, and proceeded thence to their destination in the present village of Russell. A Mr. Alvin White, from Granville, Mass., lived near the south line of Canton, and was the only settler on the route. Dea. Joseph Hutchinson, of Shoreham, Vt., Michael Coffin, of Vt., Philip and Sampson Vial, John Potter, and John Cooper, from
470
HISTORY OF ST. LAWRENCE
Willsborough, N. Y., and a few others joined them. A field of corn, planted among the logs in the month of June, yielded at a surprising rate, which greatly encouraged the emigrants, and led them to look for- ward with pleasing anticipations to the future. The reports of the fer- · tility of the soil, carried back to New England, had an influence in in- ducing others to emigrate to the new settlement. Jacob Hutchins com- menced the erection of a log grist mill, on Van Rensselaer creek, in De- witt, about half a mile from the south line of Canton, in the summer of 1806, and this was the second mill erected in town.
The first child born in the town, was a son of Reuben Ashman, in October, 1806. The second was a daughter in the family of Nathaniel Higgens, in May, 1807. The first death was that of one Curtis, in the year 1807. The settlement was increased in 1807, by the ad- dition of the following families: Simeon Stiles, Elihu Phelps, in the winter of that year; Samuel Clark, and several other families of the the same name; John Watson, Horace Dickenson, Enos Bunnell, Luther and David Phelps, and many others. Dr. Plinny Goddard, from Ver- mont, was the first physician who in 1807 located in town. In the win- ter of 1808-9, the first school was taught in town by Rollin Smith. The first religions meetings were conducted by the Rev. Royal Phelps, a Pres- byterian missionary, in 1806, at the house of Mr. Attwater. The first Episcopal services were conducted by Bishop Hobart, about 1807. The earliest meetings of the Baptist church were held by a man named Sawyer. Calvin Hill and Harriet Knox, were the first persons married in the town of. Russell. The ceremony was performed by the Rev. Mr. Phelps in the summer of 1806. The first saw mill at the village of Rus- sell, was erected by Mr. Attwater in 1807, and a grist mill not long after.
An act was passed Feb. 24, 1809, which directed the governor to cause to be deposited, if he should deem necessary, an amount not exceeding 500 stands of arms, in such place in St. Lawrence county as he should select, with such quantities of ammunition and military stores as in his opinion would be necessary in case of invasion. The village, from its being interior and on the St. Lawrence turnpike, was selected, and a building erected. It stands on a commanding elevation, a little north of the village, on a lot given to the state by Mr. Attwater for the purpose of an arsenal, and is a massive stone building, three stories high, thirty by fifty feet on the ground, and originally surrounded by a high stone wall, bristling with iron spikes. The lower story was destined for artillery, the' second for small arms, and the third for ammunition. During the war, a guard was posted around the premises for its protection, but since that period no further supervision has been maintained than the care of a
AND FRANKLIN COUNTIES. 471
keeper, who was a citizen residing in the vicinity. In the summer of 1850 the arsenal building was sold at auction, in pursuance of a general law, for the sum of $525. The arms, amounting to four hundred stand, and some twenty thousand cartridges, were sold in small lots at the same time. It is contemplated to convert the arsenal building into a high school, for which it is well adapted, and the surrounding country is abundantly able to sustain such an enterprise in a creditable manner.
During the first year of the war, the settlement at Russell village ex- hibited an activity and enterprise which has never been surpassed by any settlement in the county. The erection of the arsenal, and the opening of the roads towards Lake George and Albany, which concentrating in town were supposed to promise prospects of future greatness, and the St. Lawrence turnpike then in course of completion, by its enormous business during the first one or two years of its existence, gave encourage- ment that this prosperity would last; but the latter lost its importance on the close of the war, and the two southern roads soon fell into ruin from disuse, and their route can now be traced only with difficulty.
By an act passed April 26, 1831, the overseers of the poor were direct- ed to pay over on the first day of January of each year, to the commis- sioners of common schools, the interest of all moneys arising from the poor fund, to be by them applied for the use of schools.
A forge was erected at the village on Grass river in 1846. It has two fires and is capable of making about 400 pounds of bar iron a day. It has been worked with bog and magnetic ores, and with scrap iron. The ores with which it is supplied are drawn from three to eleven miles from their localities, and can be obtained in unlimited quantities.
Religious Societies .- The Baptists organized July 15, 1809, under the Rev. Samuel Rowley, a missionary, and the early meetings were held at the house of Philip Viall. First number, seven; whole number, one hundred and eighty-five; present number, forty-two. A church was built in 1845, at a cost of $900, and dedicated October 15, 1845. The present pastor is the Rev. Myron R. Slater. A society was incorporated December 29, 1846, with Harry Van Aernam, Win. G. Gibbons, and Gilbert Stewart, trustees. 'The Presbyterian and Episcopal denomina- tions have formed societies in town. The latter under the name of Sion church, April 10, 1819, with Russell Attwater and Jesse Bunnell, wardens; Justis Ives, Levi Frost, John Boyd, Moses Bunnell, Reuben Ashman, Phineas Attwater, William Attwater, and Nathan Knox, vestry- men. The Wesleyan Methodists formed a church September 9, 1843. The following is a list of their clergymen: Hiram Wing (deceased), Joel Grennell, W. W. Sterricker, S. Soper, and Harvey Miles, the present pastor. A Methodist Episcopal society was incorporated Feb. 19, 1851, Hiram Derby, M. Van Brocklin and Charles Rundell, trustees.
29
472
HISTORY OF ST. LAWRENCE
STOCKHOLM,
Embracing the original township, was formed from Massena, Feb. 21, 1806, the first town meeting being directed to be held at the house of Luman Pettibone. By an act of April 15, 1834, mile squares 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and the north half of 14 and 19, were annexed to Norfolk. A petition had been sent in 1805, to form the town, which was referred to the members from Oneida, who then represented this county, but nothing was done. The day of the first town meeting having passed without an election, Nathan Walker, of Canton, Gurdon Smith and Benjamin Ray- mond, of Potsdam, magistrates, proceeded to appoint under their hands and seals, town officers in pursuance of powers granted in an act of March 7, 1801, viz :
Ebenezer Hulburd, supervisor; Win. Staples, clerk; Stephen A. Tam- bling, Benjamin Wright and Arba Woodward, assessors; Samuel Web- ster, constable and collector; S. A. Tambling, Luman Pettibone, overseers of the poor ; S. A. Tambling, E. Hulburd and W. Webster, com'rs of high- ways ; S. A. Tambling, B. Wright, fence viewers; E. Hulburd, pound- master ; L. Pettibone, overseer of highways. We regret that our space will not allow the publication of this instrument entire.
Supervisors,-1806, Ebenezer Hulburd; 1807, Simeon Nash; 1808-9, Zephianiah French; 1810-11, Stephen A. Tambling; 1812-13, Warren Webster; 1814-22, Nathaniel F. Winslow; 1823, at a special meeting, Chauncey Pettibone; 1823-9, Chauncey Pettibone; 1830-2, Shiverick Holmes; 1833, Joseph H. Sanford; 1834, Benjamin Holmes; 1835, Wm. T. Osborne; 1837-8, Joseph H. Sanford; 1839, Dorus Pettibone; 1840, Thomas Dunton; 1841-2, J. H. Sanford; 1843-5, Ziba L. Smith; 1846, Sidney Kelsey; 1847, B. Holmes; 1848-9, Allen Lyman ; 1850-1, Daniel P. Rose; 1852, Hiram Hulburd.
Notes from the Records .- Wolf bounties of $5 offered in 1808, '9, '11, until the meeting of the supervisors, when it was to be increased or less- ened to make it $20. $5 in 1814, '17; $10 in 1819, '20. On several years panther bounties. In 1817, voted against division, and in 1824, a strong remonstrance against annexing a part to Norfolk. In 1828, six ballot boxes to be provided for town elections, to be numbered, No. 1, supervisor and clerk; No. 2, assessors; No. 3, overseers of poor; No. 4, commissioners of highways; No. 5, constables and collector; No. 6, commissioners and inspectors of schools.
In 1830, clerk requested to endeavor to get Stockholm excepted from law requiring one ballot box for town elections. In 1833, supervisor and clerk to petition for a repeal of the law abolishing imprisonment for debt.
An adjourned town meeting was held March 19, 1822, to receive the , report of a committee of five, consisting of Ebenezer Hulburd, Chauncey Pettibone, N. F. Winslow, John Simons and W. Webster, appointed to examine into the situation of the public Jands in town. Ralph P. Stearns and Chauncey Pettibone were appointed the first commissioners of pub- lic lands. A committee was appointed to draw up a petition to the legislature to authorize these lands to be granted on durable leases.
An act passed Feb. 8, 1823, created the office of trustees of public lands in the town of Stockholm, who were to be elected by the inhabit- ants and to constitute a body politic for the care and preservation of
1
473
AND FRANKLIN COUNTIES.
gospel and school lot in the town of Stockholm. They were to have the powers of similar officers in Madrid.
Arrangements for settling this town began to be made in 1800 and 1801. In 1802, Ebenezer Hulburd and Dr. Luman Pettibone, agents, from Orwell, Vt., with Benj. Wright, Isaac Kelsey, Abram Sheldon, and others, came into town and commenced improvements. Mrs. Sheldon was the first woman in town. On the 7th of March, 1803, seven families, of which six were from Orwell, Vt., moved in. The heads of these were Isaac Kelsey, Wm. Staples, Abraham Sheldon, Luman Pettibone, John and Robert Bisbee, and Benj. Wright. They had the first year, raised some corn, oats and potatoes, which had been secured as well as circumstances allowed. They came by way of Chateaugay and St. Regis, and up that river on the ice. The houses and furniture constructed, were all of the rudest kind, and such as saws, axes and augers would make. With strips of elm bark, they made bedsteads and chairs, and all their furniture was of the rudest and simplest pattern.
In September, 1804, occurred the greatest flood ever known in the country, produced by heavy rains and swelling the St. Regis river far above its ordinary flood level. Four of the seven families living near the bank of the river, were compelled to flee from their homes. One family living near Trout brook, remained within doors until the under floor was raised from the sleepers, and the wood was floated from the fire-place, and with the greatest peril and difficulty they escaped with their lives.
The first saw mill in town was built in 1804, by Samuel Reynolds, a proprietor of several mile squares, about one and a half miles above the east village.
The first school was taught in the winter of 1807. Among the early settlers not above named were Stephen A. Tambling, Warren Webster, Alba Woodward, Samuel Webster, Simeon Nash, Luther Hulburd, Zephaniah French, Alpheus Johnson, Jolın Graves, Josiah L. Hill, Ralpis P. Stearns, Reuben Kelsey, and others.
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