USA > New York > Colonial records of the New York Chamber of Commerce, 1768-1784 : with historical and biographical sketches > Part 29
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CAPTAIN ARCHIBALD KENNEDY received his commission as Captain in the Royal Navy, 4th April, 1757. In December, 1763, he was in command of the Blonde, 32 guns. He is best known as, for many years, the Captain of the Coventry, a 28 gun ship. During the Stamp Act excitement Governor Col- den proposed to put the instruments on board this ship, but Captain Ken- nedy declined to receive them.
He married as his second wife Anne, eldest daughter of Hon. John Watts, of New York. His property consisted of several houses situated at the lower end of Broadway and near the Battery. The old Kennedy House, No. I Broadway, is still standing. It was for a time occupied by Washington as his headquarters, and is now called the Washington Hotel. On the death, in 1792, of the great-grandfather of Captain Kennedy, the 2d Earl of Car- lisle (a Scotch earldom), he succeeded to the title. He died 29th December, 1794 .- Col. Doc. vii. 822 ; Valentine's Manual, 1864, 590.
NOTE c, PAGE 37. JOHN HOLT .- This New York printer was born in Virginia. He commenced life as a merchant, and was at one time the Mayor of Williamsburg, Virginia. Failing in business, he came to New York, and formed a connection with James Parker, then about to open a press in New Haven. Returning to New York in 1760, he managed the New York Gazette and Post Boy, first for Parker, and later on his own account. In
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1766 he established the New York Journal, the well-known liberal paper of the Stamp Act period. When the British entered New York in 1776 he re- moved to Kingston, where his press was destroyed in Vaughan's expedi- tion. He re-established himself at Poughkeepsie. In 1783 he resumed the publication of his paper in New York. A memorial card, issued shortly after his death by his wife, says he "patiently obeyed Death's awful sum- mons on the 30th of January, 1784, in the 64th year of his Age."-Thomas's History of Printing, ii. 105.
NOTE d, PAGE 38. WHITEHEAD HICKS, Mayor of New York .- The eldest son of Thomas and Margaret Hicks was born at Flushing, L. I., August 24th, 1728. Destined for the legal profession, he was placed in the office of the Hon. William Smith, and was the fellow-student of William Smith, junior, the historian, and William Livingston, afterwards Governor of New Jersey. Mr. Hicks was admitted to the Bar of New York October 22d, 1750, and soon received a share of the best practice of the city.
In October, 1766, he was chosen by Sir Henry Moore to succeed Mr. John Cruger as Mayor of the City of New York, and held the office until 14th February, 1776, when he was appointed one of the Judges of the Su- preme Court of the Colony. He immediately retired to Bay-Side, Flushing, where he remained until his death, on the 4th October, 1780. Quiet from timidity, he was unmolested during the War. He married Charlotte, the only child of John Brevoort, October 5, 1757 .- Col. Doc. viii. 594.
NOTE e, PAGE 61. DAVID RITTENHOUSE .- An American ma- thematician and astronomer, born in Germantown, Penn., April 8, 1732. His knowledge and abilities having attracted public attention, he was commission- ed by the Proprietary Government, in 1763, to determine the initial and most difficult portion of the boundary line since known as Mason and Dixon's. He was subsequently employed in determining the boundaries between New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania, and several other States, both before and after the Revolution. In 1777 he was made Treasurer of Pennsylvania, and held that office till 1789. In 1791 he was chosen to succeed Dr. Frank- lin as President of the American Philosophical Society, and in 1792 was made Director of the United States Mint, which position he resigned in 1795, and in that year was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Lon- don. He died in Philadelphia, June 26, 1796 .- New American Cyclopedia, xiv. 98.
NOTE f, PAGE 61. JOHN MONTRESOR .- An ensign in the 48th Regi- ment in the Braddock expedition, where he was wounded, and was appointed to a lieutenantcy in the same corps on the 4th July, 1755. He obtained a grant of land in Willsboro, Essex Co., N, Y., in 1764, and in 1766 quitted the army. He seems later to have occasionally practised the profession of a civil engi- neer. In the year 1772 he purchased the island then known as Little Barne's or Talbot's, now called Randall's Island, and resided there with his family until the close of the War, when he returned to England with the British troops .- Col. Doc. vii. 533 ; Valentine's Manual, 1855, 499.
NOTE g, PAGE 61. JAMES BRADLEY, DR .- An English Astron- omer, born at Sherbourne, Gloucestershire, March, 1692. In 1721 he was appointed Savilian professor of Astronomy, and in 1727 published his bril- liant discovery of the aberration of light. Ten years afterwards he publish- ed the equally valuable discovery of the nutation of the earth's axis. In 1742 he succeeded Dr. Halley as Astronomer Royal, and in 1752 he received
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a pension in consideration of the " advantage of his astronomical labors to the commerce and navigation of Great Britain." He died at Chatford, 13th July, 1762 .- New American Cyclopedia, iii. 612.
NOTE h, PAGE 63. ARCHIBALD McLEAN .- A Civil Engineer of distinction in Pennsylvania. In 1777 he was appointed Prothonotary or Register and Recorder of Deeds for York County. In 1779 he was one of the persons appointed to receive subscriptions in Pennsylvania, agreeably to the resolve of Congress, for procuring Twenty Millions of Dollars on Inter- est. In Feb., 1781, he was appointed with John Lukins to extend the line commonly called Mason and Dixon's line five degrees of longitude from Del- aware river, and to run a meridian line north to the Ohio river from the western termination of the same for a perpetual boundary between Virginia and Pennsylvania .- Pennsylvania Archives.
NOTE i, PAGE 70. CADWALLADER COLDEN, Lieutenant Gover- nor of the Colony of New York .- He was the son of the Rev. Alexander Colden, of Dunse, in Scotland, where he was born Feb. 17, 1688 ; graduated in Edinburgh in 1705, and engaged in the study of medicine and mathematics till 1708. He then emigrated to America, and practised physic in Philadel- phia till 1715. On his return to Scotland that year, he married Alice Chris- tie, daughter of a clergyman at Kelso. In 1716 he returned to his practice in Philadelphia, and in 1718 removed to New York, and, abandoning his pro- fession, turned his attention to public affairs. He was successively appointed Surveyor General of the Colony, Master in Chancery, Member of the Coun- cil, and Lieutenant Governor. His name is connected with the Stamp Act period, one of the most instructive in New York history. He was a skilful politician. He died at his residence at Flushing, called Spring Hill, on the 20th September, 1776, at the age of eighty-eight years .- Thompson's History of Long Island, ii. 87.
NOTE j, PAGE 79. JOHN TABOR KEMPE, Attorney General of the Province of New York .- This gentleman was the son of William Kempe, an English Barrister who was appointed His Majesty's Advocate and Attorney General for New York in 1751, and whose arrival with his family is announced in the New York Gazette for Nov. 6, 1752. The father did not live long to enjoy his honors, and upon his death, in 1759, his son John Tabor Kempe, who had been admitted to practice at the New York Bar the pre- ceding year, succeeded him in the office. John Tabor Kempe married Grace, daughter of Hon. Daniel Coxe, of New Jersey, through whom he became possessed of a large landed estate in that Colony. Mr. Kempe remained in New York during the War and took the King's side. His estate was confis- cated. He returned to England at the Peace .- Col. Doc. vii. 926.
NOTE k, PAGE 82. GOLDSBROW BANYAR, Deputy Clerk of his Majesty's Council .- He was born in London, in the year 1724, and is said to have come to this country about 1737. He was appointed Auditor Gen- eral in 1746, and sworn in as Deputy Secretary of the Province, Deputy Clerk of the Council, etc., which office he retained until the year 1747, when he was succeeded by Samuel Bayard, Jr. In 1752 he was appointed Register of the Court of Chancery, and the next year Judge of the Probate. At the breaking out of the War he retired to Rhinebeck. In 1767 he married Eliz- abeth Mortier, daughter of the Paymaster General and widow of John Appy, Judge Advocate of the British Army. After the Peace he removed to Albany,
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where he died on the 4th November, 1815, at the age of 91, leaving to his descendants a large estate .- Col. Doc. viii. 189.
NOTE 1, PAGE 89. GEORGE THE THIRD .- Son of Frederick, Prince of Wales, and of Augusta, Princess of Saxe-Gotha, was born 24th May, 1738. On the death of his grandfather, October 25, 1780, he was pro- claimed King of Great Britain and Ireland, under the name of George III. On the 8th September, 1761, he married Princess Charlotte, of Mecklen- burgh Strelitz (born May 19, 1744, crowned Sept. 22, 1761). From 1787 to 1789 there was an interregnum in the affairs of England, the King's reason being obscured. He died at Windsor Castle, Jan. 29, 1820, in the 82d year of his age and 60th of his reign. His reign was marked by the loss of the Colonies, the acquisition of India, and the Continental War which followed the French Revolution .- Blake's Biographical Dictionary, p. 379.
NOTE m, PAGE IOI. THOMAS PETTIT .- Appointed Messenger and Doorkeeper of the Chamber as early as 1770 ; was a favorite person in this class of employment. On the 30th May, 1774, he was chosen Messen- ger of the Committee of Correspondence of Fifty-one, and his name is to be found on the Journals of the Council of Safety, 14th May, 1777, as their Doorkeeper. In 1780 he lived next door to the Theatre Royal, and sold tickets of admission. He died October 13th, 1780 .- Gaine's New York Ga- zette, Oct. 16, 1780.
NOTE n, PAGE 108. HUGH GAINE .- This well known Printer and Bookseller was an Irishman by birth. He served his apprenticeship in Belfast. In 1752 he established the New York Mercury, and located him- self in Hanover Square, where his sign of the " Bible and Crown " was one of the well-known landmarks of old New York. Here he remained for fifty years. When the British came into the city he crossed to Newark with his! press, but soon returned. The New York Mercury was discontinued after the Peace in 1783. He died in New York April 25, 1807, aged eighty-one years, and was buried in Trinity Church Yard .- Thomas's History of Print- ing, ii. 103.
NOTE 0, PAGE 108. CAPTAIN WARDEN, of the Rose, arrived in New York in 42 days from Madeira, on the 2d August, 1770, and sailed for Leith on the IIth October following .- Holt's New York Journal, Nos. 1439 and 1449.
It was, no doubt, upon his arrival trip, that he saved the crew of the ves- sel bound from Lisbon to Philadelphia, alluded to in the text.
NOTE p, PAGE 113. FRANCIS MAERSCHALK .- By an Act of the General Assembly, passed May 20, 1769, FRANCIS MAERSCHALK and Henry Bryant were named Inspectors of all Flour to be shipped for exportation. Their names are recorded in Gaine's Register for 1775 .- Gaine's Laws of New York, 537.
The family of MAERSCHALK were interested in the flour-trade in dif- ferent ways. In 1740 the Council authorized JOHN MAERSCHALK to store meal in the Meal Market .- Devoe's Market Book, 250.
NOTE q, PAGE 116. JOHN MURRAY, IVTH EARL OF DUN- MORE .- The grandson of Lord Charles Murray, Master of the Horse to Queen Mary, who was raised to the peerage of Scotland 16th August, 1686, as Earl of Dunmore. His two sons, John and William, succeeded him in
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turn. John, IVth Earl of Dunmore, was the son of William, IIId Earl, and Catharine, daughter of Lord William Murray. He was one of the Representative Peers of Scotland from 1761 to 1784. He married, 2Ist February, 1759, Lady Charlotte Stewart, daughter of Alexander, Vth Earl of Galloway. Commissioned Governor of New York on the 2d Janu- ary, 1770, he commenced his rule October 19th, 1770, and continued in power until July 9th, 1771. Lord Botetourt, Governor of Virginia, having died, he was promoted to the Government of that Province. He did not assume his new government until 1772.
On the 22d April, 1776, he went on board the Foway Man of War, and carried on predatory excursions against the neighboring country. Forced to retire to St. Augustine, he fired Norfolk. At the request of the Assem- bly of Virginia, he had named one of his daughters Virginia. He was in 1786 appointed Governor of the Bahama Islands : he died in England in March 1809. One of his daughters, Augusta, married Prince Augustus Frederick, Duke of Sussex .- Burke's Peerage ; N. Y. Col. Doc. viii. 209.
NOTE r, PAGE 119. FREDERICK SMYTH, Chief Justice of the Colony of New Jersey .-. On the death of Robert Hunter Morris, February 20th, 1764, Charles Read was appointed to succeed him as Chief Justice. He officiated, however, but a few months. Whether the appointment gave dissatisfaction, or was designed only as a temporary one, the fact is he was soon displaced and consented again to take the place of Second Judge which he had held for some time before Mr. Morris's death. The last Chief Justice of the Colony of New Jersey was FREDERICK SMYTH. He was appointed on the 17th October, 1764, and continued in office until the adop- tion of the Constitution of 1776. In 1772 he was one of the Commission- ers to examine into the burning of the Gaspee by the Whigs of Rhode Island. When the War broke out he removed to Philadelphia. His repu- tation as a judge was considerable, and he maintained the character of a firm and consistent loyalist .- New Jersey Hist. Soc. Coll. iii. 159.
NOTE S, PAGE 132 .- WILLIAM FOXCROFT .- The Deputy Post- masters General for the Northern District were in 1771 Benjamin Franklin and William Foxcroft. They were succeeded in 1775 by John Foxcroft and Hugh Finley .- Gaine's New York Almanacs, 1771-1775.
NOTE t, PAGE 133. WILLIAM TRYON .- Governor of the Colony of New York. He entered the British army as Lieutenant and Captain of the Ist Regiment of Foot Guards 12th October, 1751; in 1757 married Miss Wake, a lady of fortune, and on 30th Sept. 1758, became Captain and Lieutenant Colonel in the Guards. He was appointed Lieut. Governor of North Carolina in 1764, and Governor in July, 1765. In July, 1771, he was promoted to the administration of the New York Colony. He resigned the government on the 21st July, and was appointed Lieutenant General 20th November, 1782. Before the War he seems to have been generally esteemed, but his subsequent career in America is " as notorious as it was odious." He died in London, 27th January, 1788 .- Col. Doc. viii. 798.
NOTE u, PAGE 144. LEWIS JOHNSTON .- The sixth son of the well-known Dr. John Johnstone, a druggist of Edinburgh, who emigrated to America, and, settling first at New York in 1685, removed about 1707 to Amboy, New Jersey. Through his wife, Eupham Scot, he became posses- sed of a grant from the proprietors of Jersey of five hundred acres, on con- dition of residence upon it. He died 7th September, 1732. LEWIS was born in
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October, 1704, and adopting the profession of his father, was much respected, both as a man and a physician. His education was received in Holland. He married Martha, daughter of Caleb Heathcote, of New York. He died November 22, 1773, and it was said of him that "he was a physician of the highest reputation and very greatly beloved by all who knew him."-White- head's Contributions to East Jersey History, 71.
NOTE V, PAGE 144. WILLIAM BAYARD .- An eminent merchant and head of the house of William Bayard and Company. He was one of the Committee of Correspondence appointed in 1774, upon the news of the passage of the Boston Port Bill ; but it does not appear that he had any strong sympathy with the Whig movement. He remained in the city dur- ing the British occupation, and signed the loyal address to Lord Howe in the fall of 1776. At the close of the War he went to England. His property in New York was confiscated. Governor Franklin, of New Jersey, recom- mended him to Lord George Germaine for relief. He died very aged, in 1804, at his seat, Greenwich House, Southampton, England .- Sabine's Loyalists, i. 217.
NOTE W, PAGE 144. ROBERT HUNTER MORRIS .- One of the proprietors of New Jersey. He was the second son of Lewis Morris (pro- prietor of Morrisania, and first Governor of the Province of New Jersey), and Isabella, daughter of James Graham, Attorney General of New York. He was for nearly twenty-six years one of the Council of the Colony, and was also Lieutenant Governor of Pennsylvania from October, 1754, to Au- gust, 1756. He was also Chief Justice of New Jersey, which office he re- signed in the fall of 1757. He died February 20th, 1764 .- Smith's New Jersey, 438, 439.
NOTE x, PAGE 156. ISAAC L. WINN .- A captain in one of the London merchant vessels. His arrival in the Downs with his ship, the Duchess of Gordon, is noticed in Holt's New York Journal, February 27th, 1772. An announcement of her arrival on Saturday evening, 11th April, 1772, in eight weeks from London, with the newest advices, appeared in the same journal, 16th of same month. It was, no doubt, upon this ship that Captain Winn brought out the SEAL for the Chamber. The Duchess of Gordon has an interesting record. It was on board this ship, in New York Harbor, under protection of the Asia Man of War, that Governor Tryon took refuge on the 30th October, 1775, and in her cabin the Council meetings were for a time held. Captain Winn also appears in the Revo- lutionary period. In September, 1775, having sailed in a sloop bound to the eastward, and suspected of a design for furnishing the army and navy of the enemy, he was overtaken by Isaac Sears, who pursued him, by order of the General Committee, above Hellgate, and brought before the Committee of Safety. He cleared himself so entirely of suspicion, that he received a certificate of good conduct .- N. Y. Col. Doc. viii. 643; Fournal of Prov. Congress, i. 14I.
NOTE y, PAGE 162. PETER MERSILLIS, a Master Carpenter .- The family continued in this branch of mechanics for a long period. Their names may be found, as carpenters, in the New York Directories until quite recently.
NOTE Z, PAGE 167. MATTHEW PRATT .- This early American painter was born in Philadelphia on the 23d September, 1734. His taste for
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portrait painting showed itself when he was still quite young, but he did not adopt it as a profession until he became a member of the family of Mr. Ben- jamin West, then living in London, with whom there was a distant matrimo- nial connection. In 1768 he returned to Philadelphia, and, under the pa- tronage of the leading families of the city, soon rose to a considerable local eminence. Art was so little encouraged that he was compelled to add sign painting to portrait painting. He occasionally painted in New York .- Dunlap's Arts of Design, i. 98.
NOTE aa, PAGE 169. JONATHAN BLAKE .- A leading and patri- otic mechanic. His name appears on the Journals of the New York Com- mittee of Correspondence as Chairman of the Body of Mechanics, signify- ing "their concurrence with the other inhabitants of the City in the nomina- tion of the Committee."-Force's American Archives, i. 295.
NOTE bb, PAGE 181. THOMAS GAGE, General and Commander in Chief of His Majesty's Forces in North America .- An active officer during the French War, he was appointed Governor of Montreal in 1760, and suc- ceeded General Amherst, in 1763, in the chief command of the British forces in America. He resided for many years in New York, and greatly endeared himself to the people by his peremptory orders to the troops not to fire on the citizens who threatened the Fort in New York, in the Stamp Act excitement of the fall of 1765. He sailed from New York for England on 8th June, 1773. On the news of the destruction of the tea reaching England, he was sent for by the King (George III.), and engaged with four regiments to reduce the Colonies to submission. Appointed Military Governor of the Massachusetts Bay, he arrived in Boston on the 17th May, 1774. The expedition to Concord to seize the stores there, which resulted in the Battle of Lexington, was made by his command. After the disastrous Battle of Bunker Hill, June 17th, 1775, he was superseded by General Howe, and sailed for England Ioth October of same year. He died at his home, in Portland Place, London, April 2d, 1787.
NOTE cc, PAGE 191. BERNARD ROMANS .- Born in Holland. Re- moving to England, when quite young, he there received his education as an engineer. He was employed on various occasions by the British Govern- ment. While engaged in the map and history of Florida (1773), he made some investigations on the Compass, which were printed in the Transactions of the American Philosophical Society. He was aided in the construction of the map by Abel Buell, of Killingworth, Conn., an ingenious mechanician. On the breaking out of the War, he was appointed, by the New York Com- mittee of Safety, to fortify the Hudson River, and on the 29th August, 1775, commenced the erection of the first of the "Fortifications in the High- lands." On the 18th September of the same year he submitted his plans to Congress. On the 8th February, 1776, he was appointed, by the Committee of Safety of Pennsylvania, Captain of the Company of Matrosses (Artillery), raised by order of Congress. He remained in service until near the close of the War, when he was captured at sea by the British on his way from Con- necticut to the Carolinas. He is said to have died about 1783 .- Boynton's West Point, 21 ; Journals of N. Y. Prov. Congress ; Minutes of Prov. Council Penn. x. 479.
NOTE dd, PAGE 204. DANIEL JONES, of the Second Foot .- He received the appointment of Lieutenant General in the Army in 1779 .- Annual Register, xxii. 243.
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NOTE ee, PAGE 206. ANDREW ELLIOT, Superintendent General. -He was the third son of Sir Gilbert Elliot, Baronet, Lord Justice Clerk of Scotland. On the death of Archibald Kennedy, Collector of the Port of New York, he was appointed to the vacant post by a Commission dated 19th January, 1764, and held the office till the evacuation of the city. He also held the office of Superintendent General during the War, and, together with the Mayor and a Magistrate of Police, administered the civil government of the City. He was appointed Lieutenant Governor in 1780, and held the chief power from 17th April to 25th November, 1783. He married a Philadelphia lady. His daughter Elizabeth married Lord, after- wards Earl, Cathcart in 1779 .- N. Y. Col. Doc. viii. 96.
NOTE ff, PAGE 206. JAMES PATTISON, Major General .- He was appointed Captain of the Artillery, Ist August, 1747; Lieutenant Colonel in the army in 1761 ; Colonel Commandant of Artillery, 25th April, 1777 ; Major General 19th February, 1779. He accompanied the expedition against Charleston in 1780 ; was raised to the rank of Lieutenant General, 28th September, 1787, and of General in the army, 26th January, 1797. He died in London, March Ist, 1805, aged 81 years .- Gentleman's Magazine, 1xxv. 291.
NOTE gg, PAGE 212. JOHN NORRIS .- This name appears as early as 1735, in the following curious advertisement. "To be sold, Wrought or Unwrought, Curious fine flat purple Stones brought from Hide Park for Tombs-Stones, Head-Stones, Hearth-stones, Step-stones, Paving-stones, &c. Whoever has occasion for any of the afore said Stones may apply to John Norris, at the house of Mr. Edward Hicks, merchant in New York .- Brad- ford's N. Y. Gazette, No. 492, March 24th to 31st, 1735.
The doorkeeper of the Chamber was a maker of Wigs, as appears by a notice of his death. "Last week died at his House in this City, Mr. JOHN NORRIS, Peruke Maker."-Gaine's N. Y. Gazette, April 24th, 1780.
His death is incidentally mentioned in connection with the appointment of his successor by the Chamber, May 2d, 1780 (see page 229).
NOTE hh, PAGE 224. LIEUTENANT WALTER .- This gentleman, who received the thanks of the Chamber for his care of the Powder Ship, was probably connected with the British Navy, and detailed for this service. Whose agent he was does not appear.
NOTE ii, PAGE 229. RICHARD HARRIS .- The doorkeepers of the Chamber were unfortunate this year. The death of Richard Harris is re- corded on the same day with that of his predecessor, Thomas Pettit. He died Friday, 13th October, 1780 .- Gaine's New York Gazette, October 16th, 1780.
NOTE jj, PAGE 229. JAMES ROBERTSON, Lieutenant General and Governor in Chief .- He was appointed Major of the Ist Battalion of the 60th or Royal American Regiment, December, 1755 ; was at Louisbourg in 1758 ; promoted to be Lieutenant Colonel 8th July, 1758 ; with Amherst on Lakes George and Champlain in 1759. In 1772 he became Colonel in the army. In July, 1775, he was stationed at Boston ; appointed Major General in America, Ist January, 1776. He was with Lord Howe at Staten Island. He returned to England in 1777, and became Major General in the army, 29th August of that year. On the 4th May, 1779, he was commissioned Governor of New York, and was sworn in 23d March, 1780. He became
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