USA > New York > Cayuga County > History of Cayuga County, New York : with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers > Part 19
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FORMATION OF THE IIITH REGIMENT .- The committee designated General Jesse Segoine as regimental commander, and appointed sub-com- mittees to promote enlistments ; these committees called war-meetings in different parts of the dis- trict, which were well attended, and at which spirited addresses were delivered. A mass-meet- ing was called at Auburn, on the 17th and at Lyons, Wayne county, on the 19th of July. Both were largely attended, the one at Auburn was especially enthusiastic, and stirring appeals were made by Gen. Segoine, Theodore M. Pome- roy, Rev. Mr. Warner, and others. E. E. Mar- vine offered ten dollars each to ten volunteers ; and Col. E. B Morgan said he was authorized to offer two hundred dollars to the first company organized under the call, one hundred to the second, and fifty to the third. The authorization, it was believed, came from Col. Morgan's own patriotic and liberal impulses.
These efforts of the war committees, gave a new impulse to enlistments, which, especially in Wayne county, were rapidly progressing. The in- ducement of a national bounty of one hundred dollars, of a State bounty of fifty dollars, and a town, or ward bounty of twenty-five dollars, the latter paid by individual subscriptions, filled the
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CAYUGA COUNTY IN THE REBELLION.
quota of the regiment in about four weeks.
Its official organization was as follows :
FIELD AND STAFF.
Colonel, Jesse Segoine ; Lieutenant- Colonel, Clinton D. McDougall ; Adjutant, Henry H. Segoine ; Surgeon, William Vosburgh ; Quarter- master, James Trulan.
COMPANY OFFICERS.
Company A-Captain, Aaron P. Seely ; Ist Lieutenant, Samuel B. McIntyre ; 2d Lieuten- ant, Ezra A. Hibbard.
Company B-Captain, John S. Coe ; Ist Lieu- tenant, Jacob T. Van Buskirk ; 2d Lieutenant, John Tremper.
Company C-Captain, Ed. A. Thomas; Ist Lieutenant, Ira Jones ; 2d Lieutenant, Theodore Lamson.
Company D-Captain, Sebastian D. Holmes ; Ist Lieutenant, Hasseltine S. Moore ; 2d Lieu- tenant, Erastus M. Granger.
Company E-Captain, Isaac M. Lusk; Ist Lieutenant, Andrew D. Soverill ; 2d Lieutenant, John A. Lanig.
Company F-Captain, Benjamin W. Thomp- son ; Ist Lieutenant, Robert C. Perry ; 2d Lieutenant, John H. Drake.
Company G-Captain, Lewis A. Husk ; Ist Lieutenant, John I. Brinkerhoff ; 2d Lieutenant, Edgar J. A. Hueston.
Company H-Captain, Ezra H. Northrop; Ist Lieutenant, Frank Rich ; 2d Lieutenant, Reuben J, Myres.
Company I-Captain, Sidney Mead ; Ist Lieu- tenant, Merrill W. Murdock; 2d Lieutenant, Arthur W. Marshall.
Company K-Captain, S. A. Tremaine; Ist Lieutenant, George M. Smith ; 2d Lieutenant, A. B. Capron.
ANOTHER CALL, 138TH REGIMENT FORMED .- The call of Aug. 4th for "three hundred thousand more" quickly followed ; and full and prompt com- pliance therewith, was the only condition by which a draft could be avoided. Efforts were, therefore, at once directed to the formation of a fourth regi- ment, for which authority was obtained, on the application of Wm. H. Seward, Jr., Gen, Segoine and Capt. N. T. Stephens, who had proceeded to Albany for that purpose.
Joseph Welling, of Wayne county, was selected as regimental commander, and enlistments were
made with great rapidity. Ten full companies were mustered in, within eighteen days from the issuance of the order, of which number, about three hundred were enrolled before the order was made. Its officers were :
FIELD AND STAFF.
Colonel, Joseph Welling ; Lieutenant-Colonel, Wm. H. Seward, Jr .; Major, Edward P. Taft ; Adjutant, Wm. R. Wasson ; Sergeant-Major, Lyman C. Comstock ; Quartermaster, Henry P. Knowles.
COMPANY OFFICERS.
Company A-Captain, James W. Snyder ; Ist Lieutenant, James H. Hyde ; 2d Lieutenant, Rufus M. Campbell.
Company B-Captain, Truman Gregory ; Ist Lieutenant, Nelson F. Strickland ; 2d Lieuten- ant, William E. Greenwood.
Company C-Captain, Loyal W. Alden ; Ist Lieutenant, Harvey Follett ; 2d Lieutenant, Marshall B. Burke.
Company D-Captain, Charles L. Lyon ; Ist Lieutenant, Anson S. Wood ; 2d Lieutenant, Samuel C. Redgrave,
Company E- Captain, Selah Cornwell; Ist Lieutenant, Seth F. Swift; 2d Lieutenant, George C. Stoyell.
Company F-Captain, Charles Burgess ; Ist Lieutenant, Geo. W. Bacon ; 2d Lieutenant, Sullivan B. Lamereaux.
Company G- Captain, William Wood ; Ist Lieutenant, Wm. Hawley ; 2d Lieutenant, Sey- mour Woodward.
Company H- Captain, John L. Crane; Ist Lieutenant, Tunis Vosburgh ; 2d Lieutenant, Daniel B. Harmon.
Company I-Captain, Hugh Hughes ; Ist Lieutenant, Orson Howard; 2d Lieutenant, Philip R. Freeoff.
Company K-Captain, Irwin Sawyer ; Ist Lieu- tenant, Dennis E. Flynn ; 2d Lieutenant, Geo. P. Knapp.
160TH REGIMENT .- Although this military . district, Cayuga and Wayne counties, had now sent into the field four full regiments and a bat- tery of artillery, besides supplying many recruits to the old regiments, her quota on the call of Au- gust 4th was not yet full, and a dreaded draft was therefore impending. To avoid that the most strenuous efforts were now made. The super-
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160TH REGIMENT - A DRAFT ORDERED.
visors of Cayuga County, convened, by whom a bounty of fifty dollars was offered to volunteers. The stores in Auburn were, by agreement, closed at four o'clock each afternoon, that the energies of all might be directed to filling our quota. The mayor, by proclamation, urged the cooperation of all our citizens. Public meetings were held on the streets, and the flags of recruiting stations waved in all parts of the town. War commit- tees were appointed to aid the work. The gen- eral committee decided to raise a full regiment, and selected Capt. Charles C. Dwight, of the 75th regiment, then in New Orleans, as its Colonel. He reached Auburn on the 20th of October, was received with flattering honors and took com- mand of the camp, in which the enlisted men were quartered. The regiment was completed and mustered into service as the 160th New York Volunteers, November 22d, 1862, with the following officers :
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FIELD AND STAFF.
Colonel, Charles C. Dwight ; Lieutenant-Col- onel, John B. VanPatten ; Major, William H. Sentell ; Adjutant, Gordon W. Allen ; Surgeon, Cyrus Powers ; Assistant-Surgeon, David H. Armstrong ; Chaplain, William Pultman ; Quar- termaster, Dighton H. Winans.
COMPANY OFFICERS.
Company A-Captain, William Potter; Ist Lieutenant, William J. VanDeusen ; 2d Lieuten- ant, James B. Vaughn.
Company B-Captain, H. P. Underhill; Ist Lieutenant, L. L. Wheelock ; 2d Lieutenant, James Kelly.
Company C-Captain, B. B. Rogers ; Ist Lieu- tenant, Robert B. Ennis ; 2d Lieutenant, James V. D. Westfall.
Company D-Captain, J. D. Bunerd; Ist Lieutenant, Myron H. Shirts ; 2d Lieutenant, E. H. Sentell.
Company E-Captain, Henry Moore; Ist Lieutenant, James Gray ; 2d Lieutenant, Nicho- las McDonough.
Company F-Captain, Josiah C. Jewett ; Ist Lieutenant, Gideon F. Moorey ; 2d Lieutenant, Edwin Kirby.
Company G-Captain, Malcom Wright; Ist Lieutenant, Horace Silsby; 2d Lieutenant, A. S. Stillman.
Company H-Captain, Daniel S. Vaughn ; Ist Lieutenant, Charles R. Caltord ; 2d Lieutenant, Miles I. Jones.
Company I-Captain, Allen L. Burr; Ist Lieutenant, Newton Dexter ; 2d Lieutenant, Robert R. Seeley.
Company K-Captain, L. B. Hunt ; Ist Lieu- tenant, George L. Merrill ; 2d Lieutenant, John H. Shaver.
This ended the efforts at recruiting in this district, for 1862. Great efforts had been made and they had been crowned with gratifying suc- cess.
A DRAFT ORDERED .- In April, 1863, John N. Knapp, Esq., of Auburn, was appointed provost- marshal for this military district ; James M. Ser- vis, of Wayne, commissioner of enrollment ; and D. R. Davis, M. D., of Seneca Falls, surgeon. They proceeded to make a complete enrollment of the entire district. A draft was ordered to take place on July 23, to fill the places of the two years' men whose term of service would soon ex- pire. While the dreaded ballots were being drawn at the Court House in Auburn, the terrible New York riots were in progress, and intense agita- tion prevailed. Precautions were taken against apprehended resistance here but the draft was quietly concluded, resulting in drawing about two thousand conscripts. On the payment of three hundred dollars each, they could be relieved, and all but about four hundred and fifty did so.
The general failure of this draft to supply men led to another call for three hundred thousand men. On October 17th, 1863, another draft was ordered, and the most vigorous efforts were made to escape it by filling the quota with volunteers.
Cayuga County offered a bounty of three hun- dred dollars, issuing its bonds to raise the neces- sary funds ; the effort succeeded and by the 10th of January the quota of the district was filled. But two hundred thousand additional troops were called for on February Ist 1864, and our quota was filled within twenty days. The recruits realized from the last two calls went mainly to supply deficiences in the old regiments.
Two other calls were made, the first for five hundred thousand one year's men in July 1864, and the second, and last on December 19th of that year, for three hundred thousand men, and fifty days were given in each case to fill the quotas by volunteering.
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CAYUGA COUNTY IN THE REBELLION.
IMMENSE BOUNTIES .- The times were very eventful. Organizations were making for what was believed to be the closing movements of the war, which were to finally crush armed rebellion. On August 18th the Supervisors granted a bounty of three hundred dollars to each volunteer, and the common council of Auburn one hundred and fifty dollars for each recruit credited to the city. On the 19th the Supervisors raised the bounty to six hundred, six hundred and fifty and seven hundred dollars respectively, for one, two and three years' men. Individuals, expecting and dreading a draft, offered and paid enormous sums for substitutes, as high as ten, twelve and even fifteen hundred dollars. It was the golden harvest for bounty brokers, and they vigorously plied their vocation.
All these various and energetic efforts, the enormous bounties offered, and the conviction that the war would soon close, succeeded in filling the quota under the call of July, by Sept. 10th.
FINAL EFFORTS .- Another struggle was yet to be made, the final call of December 19th, for three hundred thousand men, followed ; final, as we afterwards knew it to be, but then known only as one of a mighty series of exhaustive drafts, the end of which could not then be determined.
It produced great depression. The energy and spirit of the people had, for nearly four terrible years, borne them up and there had been no sign of faltering ; but after all they had done, after all the sacrifices of time, money and life which they had made, each effort in raising troops having, for sometime, been regarded as the last which they would be required to make, and, after hav- ing put forth nearly all their remaining strength in raising their quota of the last five hundred thousand men, the immediate call for another three hundred thousand was very disheartening.
Renewed, but relatively unsuccessful efforts were made to recruit another regiment by vol- unteering. In the city of Auburn efficient and active ward committees were formed as follows : First ward, J. M. Hurd, E. C. Selover, and William Lamey ; Second ward, Richard C. Steel, E. H. Avery, Albert H. Goss, John S. Fowler, B. B. Snow, and Wm. B. Woodin ; Third ward, John Choate, E. G. Miles, Rolin Tracy, Enos Bostwick, Josiah Field, Chas. Wellner, William J. Moses, William B. Stevenson, Chas. A. Myers, and John S. Brown ; Fourth ward,
Myron Cowell, Chester Wier. In the country towns, corresponding efforts were made.
DRAFT ORDERED .- Every preparation for a draft had, for some time, been in complete readi- ness, and the fated ballots must again be drawn. Captain John N. Knapp had resigned the office of provost-marshal of the 24th district on January Ist, 1865, and was succeeded by B. B. Snow.
Volunteering was continued until March 15th, when Capt. Snow began the draft at the Court House in Auburn, in the presence of a deeply interested audience. The draft was continued about ten days, for a few hours each day, recruit- ing filling the intervals, and drafting resorted to only when the officers were not engaged in the business of mustering recruits.
Richmond fell on the 2d of April and volun- teering was thereafter greatly increased until ordered closed on April 14th, 1865, just four years after news had reached us of the fall of Sumter.
THE 193D REGIMENT was rapidly organizing in camp, and very soon had its full complement of one thousand men and several hundred had been sent in squads to the general military camp at Elmira.
The 193d regiment was formed as follows :
Colonel, J. B. VanPetten ; Lieutenant-Colonel John C. Gilmore ; Major, Alfred Morton ; Ad- jutant, Thurlow B. Wasson ; Quartermaster, Chas. H. Bailey ; Surgeon, David H. Armstrong; Chaplain, W. D. Chase.
Captains, John Jones, Edwin C. Knapp, Wm. H. Porter, Archibald H. Preston, Joel Reed, James H. Hitchcock, Sidney W. Ainsworth, Orrin D. Staplin, Wm. L. Yeckley and Wm. H. Harris.
The fall of Richmond on the 2d of April and the surrender of the Confederate forces on the 18th, necessarily closed all enlistments here, and led to the speedy closing of the office of the provost-marshal and all other military prepara- tions.
For four full years, the people of this County, in common with those of the entire country, had suffered as never before in all their history. Nearly two million men had been enlisted and there were on the rolls and in the actual service of the United States, at the close of the war one million one hundred thousand men. Nine hundred thou- sand had fallen from the ranks, of which number
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19TH NEW YORK VOLUNTEERS.
two hundred thousand filled soldiers graves, four hundred thousand were disabled, or rejected on second examination, or deserted, and three hun- dred thousand were honorably discharged, dur- ing or at the end of the war. Of this number, this military district supplied about six thousand.
CHAPTER XVIII.
CAYUGA IN THE REBELLION, (CONTINUED.)
19TH NEW YORK VOLUNTEERS - TERM OF ENLISTMENTS - MISUNDERSTANDINGS - UN- PLEASANT RESULTS-IN CAMP AT WASHING- TON - WITH PATTERSON - MILITARY EXPE- RIENCE-WITH GENERAL BANKS-NEW UNI- FORMS-HELD FOR TWO YEARS-RECUSANTS PUNISHED - REDUCED TO A BATTALION- CHANGED TO 3D ARTILLERY - SUBSEQUENT SERVICES.
I N the preceding chapter. we have given a connected account of the enrollment of the six regiments from this military district, and of Kennedy's battery, and of their departure for their respective fields of duty in the service of the State and of the United States. In the en- suing chapters devoted to this subject, we shall subjoin as full an account of their field and camp service as our limits will permit.
19TH NEW YORK VOLUNTEERS. - The com- panies comprising this regiment, pending its full completion, had been quartered at the military depot at Elmira, where they were initiated into the earnest and severe experiences of camp-life, as contrasted with the home quiet, and the con- veniences and comforts to which most of them had been accustomed. The rough barracks, the coarse and poorly cooked food, and the beds of straw had to be accepted as the inevitable lot of the soldier and was borne with varying degrees of patience, corresponding to the individual tem- peraments.
The first five companies of the regiment reached Elmira on the 29th of April ; Captains Stewart, Giles and Ammon, arrived on the 9th of May ; and on the 14th, all the companies having arrived, orders were issued by the State military
board "that the several companies commanded by Captains John T. Baker, Owen Gavigan, Theo- dore H. Schenck, Chas. H. Stewart, John H. Ammon, Solomon Giles, Nelson T. Stephens, J. E. Ashcroft, T. J. Kennedy, and J. R. Angel, be severally accepted and formed into a regiment to be numbered 19, and that orders be forthwith issued for the election of regimental officers thereof." A brisk and spirited canvass followed, in which were considered the names of Colonel John M. Dodge, H. V. Howland, Gen. Segoine, and Major John S. Clark, resulting in the choice of the latter for Colonel, by a nearly unanimous vote, and of the other officers as stated in the official organization of the regiment in the pre- ceding chapter.
Attention had been called to Major Clark for the reason of his general qualifications for the position, and particularly by a voluntary, perilous, and successful act of heroism in running the rebel blockade between Baltimore and Washington a few weeks before, wherein several previous mes- sengers had been turned back. He, by his perseverance, skill and boldness, succeeded, con- veying dispatches to our forces, with which he returned to Washington.
Regular and thorough drills were maintained, though the weather was rainy and inclement, and the men not sufficiently clothed to comforta- bly resist the chills and damps of the season. The men of this regiment had enlisted for two years and doubtless felt themselves bound to that term of service should the war continue so long. The military board of the state, as early as May Ist, 1861, had offered to furnish thirty-eight regi- ments for two years' service and the offer had been promptly accepted on May 3d. The Nine- teenth regiment having enlisted for two years and the military authorities of the state having offered, for two years, the services of thirty-eight regi- ments, of which the Nineteenth was one, which offer had been accepted, it was clearly the duty of the mustering officer to have sworn them in for that period. But a bad blunder was made, and the men of the Nineteenth regiment were sworn into the United States service, on May 22d, for three months only.
As might have been expected if the war con- tinued, trouble came of it. We had sanguine men who at that time believed the war would be short, and their council may have governed in the mus-
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CAYUGA COUNTY IN THE REBELLION.
tering of the 19th for three months. However that may have been, the error was committed and unpleasant results followed. The rank and file were ignorant of the real facts in the case, were not informed of the action of the State and Na- tional authorities, and when sworn into the ser- vice for three months regarded the contract as binding.
On May 24th, the men received their uniforms, which by a most shameful fraud of the contractors, were composed of that miserable shoddy ma- terial, and the color, instead of the regulation blue, was a dingy gray, the cloth, of which they were composed had no inherent strength and the garments very soon fell to pieces. Our spirited and proud boys were therefore clothed in uncomforta- ble and unseemly rags, mortifying to their feel- ings, and an affront which deeply wounded them. In this affront to the regiment, their friends at home fully participated ; a public meeting of citi- zens was called, and a deputation sent to Albany, to protest against the outrage and to seek to right the wrong which, after long delay, was finally done.
Meanwhile on May 31st Colonel Clark ap- plied for marching orders, and was directed by the Secretary of War to proceed to Harrisburgh, Pa., for which place the regiment started on June 6th, 750 strong. On their way through Pennsyl- vania, they received flattering and grateful ova- tions from the people, who lavished upon them the most generous and liberal hospitality.
At Harrisburgh, Col. Clark received a dis- patch from General Patterson, to proceed at once to Chambersburg, but before doing so, the for- mer telegraphed both to General Scott and Pat- terson, and the former ordered the command to Washington, whither it immediately proceeded. This proceeding of Colonel Clark gave offense to General Patterson who afterwards remembered, and resented it to the prejudice of Colonel Clark. At Baltimore the regiment prepared for antici- pated trouble from the rebel and rowdy elements of the city ; the bayonets were fixed and rifles loaded, each with a ball and three buck shot and, formed in column of half companies, they reso- lutely and firmly marched through the rebel city amid the taunts and jeers of a rough and excited populace, from whom an attack was momentarily expected. But the demonstrations proceeded no further than taunts, vile imprecations upon
the "hated Yankees," and repeated jostlings of the regiment, which passed unharmed on to Washington, arriving at three o'clock P. M.
The regiment was soon ordered into a camp of instruction, located on the hills north of the city, whither it proceeded on the 10th of June. Cayuga was the name given to their quarters. The camp was soon arranged in systematic order, tents floored with boards, and thorough military rules enforced. Regular drills were instituted and maintained, and the hitherto novices in tactics soon became familiar with the manual and ma- neuvers. The season of the year was inviting, the weather pleasant, and the health of the regi- ment generally good, though measles were to some extent prevailing.
The regiment remained here nearly a month, when, a decision having been reached to advance upon Richmond, orders were given to Colonel Clark, by Major-General Sandford, on July 5th to be ready with his command to march by noon of the day following.
The plan was, that General Mc Dowell, who lay with his army opposite Washington, was to proceed directly upon Richmond, while General Patterson was to demonstrate from Williamsport ยท upon the army of General Johnston, then near Winchester and detain the latter, while the for- mer movement was being made. General Pat- terson had under his command a force of over 20,000 men ; but he had so hesitated and delayed, that General Sandford with four New York regi- ments, of which the 19th was one, was sent to reinforce him.
The 19th promptly executed the order and filed out of camp before noon of the 10th, Gen- eral Sandford with the balance of the regiments following the next day. Colonel Clark proceeded by the way of Baltimore to Harrisburgh and Chambersburg to Hagerstown, where the com- mand debarked. Orders were met here to follow General Patterson, who had gone on to Martins- burgh, sixteen miles from Winchester ; and also to bring with them a thirty-pound rifled gun, which was expected to have reached Hagerstown before the arrival of the regiment, but as it was, it did not reach there until thirty-six hours there- after. From Hagerstown to Williamsport is six miles, and the heavy ordnance must be trans- ported on trucks over the common highways. Col. Clark decided not to wait for the arrival of
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THE 19TH UNDER GENERAL PATTERSON.
the gun with his full command, but detached Capt. Kennedy with his company to await its arrival and to bring it forward, the balance of the regiment making a night march to Williamsport. Early the following morning the march for Mar- tinsburgh was resumed. The Potomac, which at the crossing was about three feet deep, was reached and forded, giving the regiment its first experience of the kind,
Captains Schenck and Stewart with their com- mands were left at the ford to aid Capt. Kennedy, when he, with his cumbrous freight, should arrive ; but when the regiment had advanced to Falling Waters, six miles from the ford, those two companies were ordered to rejoin the regi- ment, and the whereabouts of Capt. Kennedy were sought for.
The long delay had not been anticipated, and when finally the gun came, there were also with it a large quantity of stores ; the gun required ten horses to transport it, and the whole train com- prised seventy-five wagons. It was put under way as soon as possible to join the regiment. This is but one of a long series of mistakes which characterized the earlier movements of our armies. It was a very hazardous movement to entrust so large and valuable a train in the enemy's country to the escort of a single company, but it reached its destination without interference. Meanwhile the regiment had reached Hagerstown, and were, with a battery and three other regiments, on the 11th of July, brigaded as the 8th brigade, and placed under the command of Col. Schwarzwal- der, and constituted a part of the 3d division of Gen. Patterson's command, Gen. Sandford com- manding the division, about 8,000 strong.
Gen. Patterson's forces now exceeded 23,000 men, with two batteries, and lay, for about one mile, along the hills south of Martinsburgh, con- fronting the rebel force under Gen. Johnston of 20,000 men, that lay at Bunker Hill, a few miles distant ; so close indeed were the two armies that their respective pickets were in immediate proximity, and rebel cavalry scoured our out- posts. The 19th was posted on the extreme right, the post of danger, and a nightly fusilade was kept up from the rebel picket line upon our outlying post. Here the regiment lay for several days.
Corporal Martin Webster and private S. J. Tobias sought to vary the monotony of camp
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