USA > New York > Steuben County > History of Steuben county, New York, with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers > Part 27
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Wayland.
1,451
5,894
6.434
1,704
1.874
5,987
25,590
26,208
8,882
9,711
4.13
4.34
Wayne .
3.289
5,210
5.617
2.908
2.848
10,749
22,898
23,213
14,,36
13.947
3.27
4.40
3,80
1.66
4.42
Lindley
S19
1.852
2,119
328
420
2.700
4,307
8.305
1,240
1,65]
3,30
2.33
4.87 4,09 4.49 4.60
6,37
Howard
5,340
12,489
15,427
2,358
2,304
17,203
48,790
59,585
10,858
11,053
3.22
3.91
Jasper ..
3,556
7,332
8,2$1
2,371
2,120
13,370
28,078
31,440
11,059
9,375
3.76
3.83
6.77 1.28
4.41
4.70
Fremont
2,129
6,977
7.328
1,498
1.608
8.648
28,099
28,010
6,836
6,980
4.06
3.99
4.00
4.08
3.77
3.49
3,97
4.93
5.929
Campbell.
1.219
5,50G
5,514
1,023
915
3,483
13,063
12,415
4,575
3,90 5
2.86
2.37
1.514
3,810
4,166
1,879
1.045
4,870
13,418
8,553
7,604
4,085
3.22
Dansville
6,219
16,573
6,586
4,794
5,027
20,410
74,140
44,578
24,338
25,745
3.28
4.47
5.08
5.12
4.34 3,96 5.07
Tuscarora
4,135
3,951
1,592
1.525
....
...
14,08S
13,535
6,708
5,889
3.41
3.43
4.21
4.74
4.73
5.18
Catun.
3.52
4.25
4.30
4.24
4.80
4,981
104
HISTORY OF STEUBEN COUNTY, NEW YORK.
up. Gen. Wadsworth, upon whom the command devolved after the fall of Van Rensselaer, went through their lines in a rough-and-ready style, with hat and coat off, explain- ing to the inexperienced officers his plan. To avoid the fire of the British, the men were ordered to retire below the brow of the hill upon which they were ranged and up which the enemy would march. When the British ap- peared upon the top of the hill, the militia were to fire from below. The slaughter would be great; they were then to charge bayonets, and in the confusion might be suc- cessful, though the decisiveness of a charge of bayonets up a hill against veterans by militia, who before that day had never been under fire, might well have been doubted. The first part of the plan succeeded famously. As the British appeared above the hill a fire was delivered which was very destructive; but a misapprehension of the word of com- mand by part of the line caused disorder; the fire was returned by the enemy; the militia suffered considerable loss, and fell back overpowered to the river, where most of them were made prisoners. Of the Steuben County men, two were killed and three wounded."
Ensign Kennedy, in this and other engagements, gained the reputation of a brave and resolute officer. At the sortie of Fort Erie he ordered his men to lie flat upon the ground, but he himself' paced back and forwards by their heads under a close and heavy fire from the British, because he thought " being an officer it would not do" for him to lie down.
" In the second year of the war two companies were drafted from the Steuben County militia, and sent to the Niagara frontier, under the command of Capts. James Reed, of Urbana, and Jonathan Rowley, of Dansville, faith- ful and reliable officers. Capt. Reed refused to go as a drafted officer, but reported himself to the general of the division at the commencement of the war as ready to march at the head of a company as a volunteer whenever he should be called upon. Both the companies were principally levied from the northern part of the county. Of Capt. Rowley's company, John Short and John E. Mulholland were lieu- tenants, and George Knouse and Timothy Goodrich were ensigns. Of Capt. Reed's company, George Teeples and Anthony Swarthout were lieutenants, and Jabez Ilopkins and O. Cook ensigns. These companies served about four months. All of the officers and most of the men volun- teered to cross into Canada, and were stationed at Fort George."
-
Judge MeMaster, from whose very interesting little work, " History of the Settlement of Steuben County," the facts for this account have been drawn, says, " We have not suc- ceeded in learning anything about the draft for the last year of the war, if any was made, nor concerning the militia of this county who were engaged at Fort Erie."
The following incident is related by one of the Steuben County militia who was engaged in one of the battles on the Canada line as sergeant of a company : his company was ordered into action, and before long found itself con- fronted by a rank of British red-coats. When within a distance of ten rods from their enemies, the militia halted and were ordered to fire. Muskets came instantly to the shoulder, and were pointed at the British with the deadly
aim of rifles at a wolf-hunt ;* but to the dismay of the soldiers there was a universal " flash in the pan," not a gun went off. The sergeant knew in an instant what was the cause of the failure. The muskets had been stacked out of doors during the night, and a little shower which fell towards morning had thoroughly soaked the powder in them. It was his business to have seen to it that the muskets were cared for, and upon him afterwards fell the blame of the disaster. Nothing could be done till the charges were drawn. There were but two hall-screws in the company. The eap- tain took one and the sergeant the other, and beginning their labors in the middle of the rank, worked towards the ends. A more uncomfortable position for untried militia can hardly be imagined. The men, as described by the sergeant, " looked strangely, as he had never seen them before." The British brought their muskets with disagree- able precision into position, and fired. The bullets whistled over the heads of the militia. The British loaded their guns again. Again the frightful row of muzzles looked the militia in the face; again they heard the alarming com- mand, fire ! and again two-score bullets whistled over their heads. A third time the British brought their muskets to the ground, and went through all the terrible ceremonies of biting cartridges, drawing ramrods, and priming in full view of the uneasy militia. The moistened cartridges were by this time almost drawn, and while the enemy were about to fire, the sergeant stood beside the last man. He was pale and excited. " Be quick, sergeant; be quiek, for God's sake!" he said. They could hear the British officer saying to his men, "you fire over their heads," and instructing them to aim lower. The muzzles this time dropped a little below the former range; smoke burst forth from them, and seven militia fell dead and wounded. The sergeant had just finished his ill-timed job, and was handing the musket to the private beside him, when a bullet struck the unfor- tunate man between the eyes and killed him. The fire of the British was now returned with effect. Reinforcements came upon the field, and the engagement became hot. An officer on horseback was very active in forming the enemy's line, riding to and fro, giving loud orders, and making him- self extremely useful. " Mark that fellow," said the sergeant to his right-hand man. Both fired at the same instant. The officer fell from his horse, and was carried off the field by his men. They afterwards learned that he was a colonel, and that one of his legs was broken
STEUBEN IN THE MEXICAN WAR.
During the Mexican war, early in the summer of 1846, President Polk decided on sending a force of volunteers by sea to the Pacific coast. Col. Jonathan D. Stevenson, then of New York City, now of San Francisco, was em- powered to raise a regiment in the State of New York, to 'be known as the 7th Regiment of New York Volunteers, for service on the Pacific coast and to colonize our new cou- quest there. The regiment was to contain teu companies of one hundred men each, rank and file.
Steuben County was designated as the place for raising
# They had been familiar with wolf-hunts in the woods of Steuben and Allegany.
105
HISTORY OF STEUBEN COUNTY, NEW YORK.
one company. William E. Shannon, of Bath, at once vol- unteered to raise the A company. In a very brief space of time Shannon had enlisted the full complement, and the company was organized by the election of William E. Shan- non, captain ; Henry Magee, first lieutenant, and Palmer V. HIulett, second lieutenant ; J. C. Van Loren, first sergeant, HI. D. Alden, second sergeant, Nelson Boch, third, and J. E. Crandall, fourth ; James Williams, first corporal, J. S. Vincent, second corporal, S. H. Lamb, third, and Z. R. Lovelace fourth corporal.
Privates .- William H. Skinn, David J. Harmon, Henry Peekham, Charles S. Phillips, James Aldrich, William H. Van Loren, Henry Magee, Joseph Evans, Francis S. Schoe- key, Comfort Bennett, Jeremiah Van Kuren, Bascom Goit, Charles Whitehead, Emery Stickley, Anthony D. Jones, Ezra Whitehead, Cyrus Wallace, Calvin Bennett, Henry M. Osgood, A. J. Ward, David W. Bunce, IFiram Chase, Josiah Wood, Peter Gary, Jesse S. Cooper, Oliver J. Goit, Walter B. Mapes, Edgar M. Barum, Philander Paine, Cor- nelius Rosenkrantz, Elijah Witherell, James Perrine, Mar- tin S. Goit, Robert B. Given, David P. Graves, Matha Sharp, Elijah M. Smith, John C. Emerson, Erastus F. Morris, Isaac Whittam, George W. Mapes, Denin D. Mur- phy, James A. Mapes, Horace Mapes, Joseph Craple, Ben- jamin Magee, Morris Coon, Finley M. Pawling, Henry Hop- kins, Calvin Hitt, William M. Gibbs, James M. Vail, Sid Abrun, Lyman Smith, D. H. Carpenter, John B. Lock, John E. Truesdale, Philander Van Aukce, Wm. J. Brown, Warren S. Hodgman, H. S. Biles, G. E. McAllister, Wm. Baker, J. Syke Baldwin, Caleb Hendy, Ira Johnson, Na- thaniel Simonson, George W. Sloan, Lamon Reno, John Magee, Lawrence Aekley, D. J. Thompson.
On the 1st day of August, 1846, the company left Bath, with the warm congratulations of its citizens, for the city of New York, where the regiment was to rendezvous. On its arrival it was accepted and mustered into service as Com- pany "I," and went into camp on Governor's Island. While on the way and before sailing quite a number of the volunteers grew homesick and deserted, but their places were speedily supplied with new recruits. The regiment was a number of weeks in camp. Company I, with D, G, and E, on the 26th of September, 1846, embarked on board the good ship Susan Drew, and sailed for their destination. After a prosperous voyage of some six months, with brief calls at Rio and Valparaiso, on the 20th of March, 1847, the ship entered the Golden Horn, and east anchor in the beautiful bay of San Francisco. On the 1st day of April, of that year, Company I, with D, E, and G, were taken on board the United States ship Lexington, and landed at Monterey on the 29th of the same mouth, and remained there some ten months. Company I was then ordered to San Diego, and took passage on a coasting vessel for San Pedro, and from that place marched overland to the quaint old town.
The company remained there until mustered out of ser- vice, on the 25th day of September, 1848, just two years from its departure from New York City. Capt. Shannon died of cholera in Sacramento City, Nov. 3, 1850. Lieuts. Hulett and Magee are now living in California. A few of the privates of that company still survive,-John C. Emer-
son, of Bath, Joseph Evans, of Newark, N. J., Elijah M. Smith, of San Francisco, Calvin Hitt, of Minnesota, are the only ones from the vicinity of Bath that are now known to be living.
CHAPTER XXIII.
MILITARY HISTORY-(Continued).
Steuben in the War of the Rebellion-Summary of Regiments sent to the Field-The 23d New York Infantry-Battery E of the 1st New York Light Artillery-34th Regiment.
THE late civil war which had been threatened by the South was precipitated by an attack upon Fort Sumter on Sunday, April 14, 1861. On Monday following, Abraham Lincoln called for seventy-five thousand volunteers to aid in suppressing the Rebellion. Under this call Steuben County, acting promptly with Chemung, sent forth in June, 1861, the 23d New York Infantry, which was the first regiment mustered into the service from the Seventh Congressional District.
Early in the same summer, Capt. John Slocum, of Bath, raised and commanded a company which was organized as Battery E of the Ist New York Light Artillery, and mus- tered into the United States Service at Elmira. The 34th New York Infantry, containing two companies from Sten- ben County, was mustered at Elmira, June 5, 1861. The S6th New York Volunteers (Steuben Rangers) was organ- ized and sent to the front in the fall of 1861. The 50th Engineers, mustered Sept. 18, 1861, was partly made up of Steuben County men, and also the 104th New York Infantry, mustered during the winter of 1861-62. Then came the 107th New York Infantry, chiefly a Steuben regiment, mustered in August, 1862; the 141st Infantry, mustered during the same month ; the 161st Infantry, sent forward in October, 1862; the 179th Infantry, which was made up partially from this county, mustered from July, 1863, to August, 1864; the 188th and 189th Infantry, mustered in October, 1864.
Thus it will be seen that from the beginning to the end of the memorable four years' struggle for the national ex- istence, Steuben was constantly sending her sous into the service. Most of them made glorious records in the prin- cipal campaigns and battles of the war, participated in the last great conflict with the Rebellion, when its power was finally broken in front of Richmond, in 1865, and rejoiced in the surrender of Lee and Johnston, and the final triumph of the Union cause.
We give in several following chapters the histories of the regiments and parts of regiments, so far as we have been able to obtain data, and at the end of the respective town histories the roster or military record of each town.
THE TWENTY-THIRD NEW YORK VOLUNTEERS.
The 23d Regiment New York State Volunteers was organized at Elmira, and on the 6th day of July, 1861, was mustered into the United States service. This was the first regiment from the Twenty-seventh Congressional Dis- trict.
14
106
HISTORY OF STEUBEN COUNTY, NEW YORK.
The regiment was officered as follows : Colonel, Henry C. Hoffman ; Lieutenant-Colonel, Nirom M. Crane; Major, William M. Gregg; Adjutant, William W. Hayt; Quarter- master, Myron II. Mandeville ; Surgeon, Seymour Churchill; Assistant Surgeon, William A. Madill ; Chaplain, Ezra F. Crane ; Sergeant-Major, Archibald N. Devoe; Quarter- master-Sergeant, Hiram Smith ; Drum-Major, Miles Terrill ; Fife-Major, Julius C. Smead.
Company A .- Captain, Theodore Schlick ; First Lieu- tenant, Cornelius F. Mowers; Second Lieutenant, George E. Biles.
Company B .- Captain, Marshall M. Loydon; First Lieutenant, Lemuel K. Bradley ; Second Lieutenant, Wm. Cole.
Company C .- Captain, Samnel Barstow ; First Lieu- tenant, Moses M. Van Benschoten ; Second Lieutenant, Charles O. Dorland.
Company D .- Captain, Luzern Todd ; First Lieutenant, Newton T. Colby ; Second Lieutenant, William H. Jones.
Company E .- Captain, George H. Powers; First Lieu- tenant, John H. Pierce; Second Lieutenant, Hugh J. Baldwin.
Company F .- Captain, William W. Dingledey ; First Lieutenant, Melville C .. Wilkinson ; Second Lieutenant, Samuel N. Benedict.
Company G .- Captain, Frank B. Doty ; First Lieuten- ant, Ira Cone ; Second Lieutenant, John Prentiss.
Company II .- Captain, M. C. Clark ; First Lieutenant, A. D. Waters ; Second Lieutenant, B. B. Andrews.
Company I .- Captain, James D. Chapman ; First Lieu- tenant, A. O. Durland; Second Lieutenant, Samuel W. Cass.
Company K .- Captain, Nathaniel B. Fowler ; First Lieutenant, Florence Sullivan ; Second Lieutenant, Rodney W. Steele.
The regiment left Elmira, and upon arriving in Wash- ington eneamped on Meridian Hill, two miles north of the city. July 17 it was reviewed by President Lincoln and Secretary Seward, and a fine stand of colors presented by the patriotic ladies of Elmira. The beautiful banner was presented by General A. S. Diven, and received by Colonel Hoffman, who responded in a brief address, thanking them for the beautiful testimonial of their kindness and con- fidence.
On the 31st of July, from the camp of the 23d could be distinctly heard the ominous booming of cannon from the disastrous battle-field of Bull Run. During the day ru- mors came floating into the city that the Union arms were victorions, but night brought the disheartening truth that the great army was falling back upon Washington, and that the terrible battle of Bull Run had been fought and lost.
July 23 the regiment crossed the Potomae into Virginia and encamped at Fort Runyon. On the 5th of August they moved to Arlington Heights, and on the 7th estab- lished a picket line from the road at Hunter's Chapel to the house of a Mr. Pearl, near Ball's Cross-Roads. While in camp at Arlington, the 23d was brigaded with the 21st and 35th New York Volunteers, under command of General James S. Wadsworth. The regiment remained here uutil
September 28, nothing of any importance happening to relieve the monotony of camp-life.
September 28 a general advance of the army was ordered, and it moved to Upton's Hill only to find the place evac- uated, and what from a distance seemed to be formidable cannon proved to be stove-pipe mounted on wheels. On Upton's Hill, at a locality named by the men of the 23d Upton's Dale, the regiment went into winter quarters. The three months, December, January, and February, that the regiment remained in this pleasant camp were passed in drills, reviews, and picket.
Nothing occurred to break the ceaseless monotony of camp-life. " All quiet on the Potomac !" was the sentence flashed along the wires day after day, until it became a stereotyped head-line for the press, read in Northern homes till patience ceased to be a virtue, and the people clamored for a move of the Army of the Potomac.
At length, on the 10th of March, orders were given for an advance, the grand, well-disciplined legion moved, and the nation breathed freer. As the army moved forward the 23d shared in the general chagrin in finding that the formi- dable host of the enemy had folded their tents and silently stołe away, leaving their pursuers in possession of the banks of earthworks, over which protruded the ominous-looking " Quaker guns" of Manassas.
On the 14th of March the command of the brigade was transferred from Gen. Wadsworth to Col. Rogers, of the 21st.
March 15 the regiment started for Alexandria, for the purpose of shipping on transports. The roads at this time were in an almost impassable condition, in consequence of the heavy rains that had recently fallen, and after strug- gling one day in the mud the regiment returned to its old camp. Here they remained two days, and moving one mile farther on, encamped at Bailey's Cross-Roads. They remained in this camp until April 4, during which time Gen. Patrick took command of the brigade. From here the 23d proceeded to Fairfax, and from thence to Manassas, and on to Bristoe. April 19 finds the regiment bivouacked at the foot of Fredericksburg Heights, from which point the city was subsequently bombarded.
The enemy evacuated the city on the 1st of May, and on the 7th instant, Gen. Patrick, having been appointed mili- tary governor of the city, detailed the 23d as guard and patrol. This regiment raised for the first time the Union banner in this rebel town. The 23d remained here about two weeks, when a general advance was made, and after a series of fatiguing marches it returned to Fredericksburg, reaching Elk Run June 9.
On the 27th of June the regiment eneamped at " Camp Rufus King," on the Belle Plain road, about three miles from the Rappahannock River. This camp was located on lands owned by the wealthy planter King in the earlier days of the Old Dominion. While encamped on this beautiful spot two interesting ceremonies took place, that of the pre- sentation of a sword to Col. Hoffman by the non-commis- sioned officers of his command, and one to Lieut .- Col. Crane by the privates of the regiment. A few days later a handsome sword was presented to Maj. William M. Gregg by the officers of the line.
107
HISTORY OF STEUBEN COUNTY, NEW YORK.
July 24 the regiment started on a reconnaissance towards Gordonsville, which, without entering into particulars, may be justly regarded as the most extraordinary reconnaissance during the campaign.
On the 10th of August marching orders were received and regiment moved towards Culpepper, and on the 16th arrived at the foot of Cedar Mountain, and remained two days on the battle field.
August 18 the wagon-trains were sent to the rear, and the regiment received orders to march at a moment's notice. They proceeded to Rappahannock Station, and were actively engaged in that battle, fought August 21 and 22.
A member of the regiment, speaking of this conflict, says,-
" We moved up the river opposite the first ford north of the station. and encamped for the night. During the night the enemy crossed with a force of artillery and cavalry, and took position in a corn-field and wood near the ford. The fight was opened about eight o'clock A. M. by Gen. Patrick's brigade. The enemy opened his battery from the corn- field, but was soon driven from this position by Reynolds' battery and Battery B, 4th United States. As the sun was sinking down the horizon we advanced to the river, under a raking fire of artillery and musketry, and took position near the bank of the river, but owing to our small force we were compelled to retire. The 23d fell back over a rise of ground raked by the enemy's artillery, column en masse, and in perfect order, while the shells burst fearfully above and around it."
Lieut .- Col. Crane in his official report of this battle says, " This was the first time that my regiment had been under fire of artillery. I was highly pleased with the conduct of the men. They were cool and prompt to obey orders. Both men and officers behaved like veterans ; not a man flinched from his duty."
On the morning of the 23d the battle opened with heavy artillery, and lasted several hours. During the forenoon of this day the regiment started for Warrenton, and finally, having come within one mile of the town, bivouacked on the Sulphur Springs road.
The regiment participated in the battle of White Sulphur Springs, a spirited and lively contest.
Next came the march to Gainesville, one of the most severe marches of the campaign, in consequence of the oppressive heat and scarcity of water. When within six miles of the town the regiment halted for breakfast. After the scanty meal bad been taken and all the extra ammunition destroyed the command pressed on, and dur- ing the afternoon the advance division was fixed upon, but it was not until the sun began to sink below the western horizon that the first shot was fired at the battle of Gainesville. The attack was opened by Gen. Gibbon's Brigade, supported by Gen. Doubleday, Gen. Patrick's Brigade holding the left. In this engagement the 23d, although on the field, was not entirely engaged The battle lasted but one hour and ten minutes, during which time Gibbon's Brigade lost eight hundred men. Gen. Patrick's Brigade, to which the 23d was attached, held the field until the wounded were cared for, and at three o'clock A.M. started for Manassas Plains, which place was
reached during the afternoon, the men almost exhausted from want of sleep, food, and water.
The regiment had scarcely stacked their arms for rest when Sykes' Brigade of regulars passed en route to the Bull Run battle-field, when Gen. Patrick rode rapidly up and cried out, " Prepare to mareh !"
The brigade was soon in line, when Gen. Patrick ad- dressed them in the following words : " My men, we return to the battle-ground of last night. You fight in good company. You follow the regulars. They're my old com- panions-in-arms. You fight well ; I've no fault to find. Keep well closed up and prompt to obey orders. Col. Rogers, lead off by the right flank." The regiment par- ticipated in the battle in the afternoon. On the following morning opened what has gone down to history as the " second battle of Bull Run," one of the deadliest contests of the Rebellion. From the numbers of the enemy and their close proximity, it required no prophetic eye to see that a fierce battle was imminent.
The 23d, then numbering only two hundred and twenty- five in line, went into this battle with Col. Crane in com- mand.
The following description of the battle is taken from Col. Crane's official report :
" This morning (August 30 ), after giving time to get coffee, the brigade changed positions two or three times to different parts of the field. No enemy in force was dis- covered, notwithstanding our batteries kept throwing shell into the woods to draw them out or bring forth a response, but all continued silent.
" About two P.M. our division was placed under com- mand of Fitz-Jolin Porter, and with his corps ordered to advance. It was the prevailing opinion that the enemy had retired, having been defeated on the previous day. We advanced, King's Division having the right and form- ing four lines of battle. My regiment was the third line of the division. (Gen. Hlatch was now in command, Gen. King having been relieved for the affair at Gainesville, on the 28th.) We now moved forward to a thick wood. Here the skirmishers commenced firing, and soon the ad- vanced lines opened with terrific volleys of musketry We pushed on. Soon the bullets flew around us as thick as hail. Now commenced in earnest the final battle of Bull Run. The enemy's artillery opened upon us with shot and shell, and this, with their musketry, made a storm of their fire. Our artillery, in the rear of the woods, could give us no support.
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