USA > New York > Ulster County > History of Ulster County, New York, with illustrations and biographical sketches of its prominent men and pioneers. Vol. I > Part 15
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"The Almighty God who has called this minister to the service of His church, enrich him more and more with all talents and the hless- ing of His Holy Spirit, that his labors may be crowned with abun- dont sucress to the glory of His name and salvation of men, and alorn and reward him, at tho appearance of the Great Shepherd of phrep, with the never-fading crown of eternal glory. Done in a classical meeting in Amsterdam, 16th February, 1660,
" In the name of and by order of all, " PirEr's PROEt.Ir's, " Rec. Sec'y."
On the 27th of the following month the directors of the West India Company regularly employed him, on the recommendation of Stuyvesant, at a salary of six hun-
dred florins, or two hundred and forty dollars, per an- num. They wrote: " If this sum is increased to one thousand or twelve hundred florins, then this sum should not be paid by his congregation." They added : " Your honor will penetrate the motive for this action," and " will adopt the most convenient method for its execution." After this they further assured the director they would soon send three other young men, who "ought to be men of peace and moderation, to which much is often contributed by the place where they have studied."
Two days after the contract had been ratified, Blom, accompanied by Henricus Selyns, left Amsterdam, in the " Beaver," and arrived at the Manhattans in June or July. Selyns was to take charge of the Brooklyn Church, but the " negotiations for peace at the Esopus and the publie inte- rests" would allow neither to immediately assume charge of their churches. They occupied the time in preaching at the " Manhattan, Esopus, and Fort Orange," whither they accompanied tlm director. Both applied for and received from him an allowance for " board and lodging" during the interval.
The first entry in the Kingston Church records reads : " Hermanns Blom, the first minister in the land of Esopus, preached my first sermon there on the 12th of September, 1660, having arrived there on Sunday, the fifth of the same mouth, in the company's yacht."
There being no parsonage, he and his wife boarded with Cornelis Barentse Slecht; but this did not suit them, for only two months after their arriva! Stuyvesant visited the village to look up a boarding-place for them, sce about threshing the company's grain, and to give directions as to how the minister's house should be built. The people had promised him, if he came among them, they would provide a suitable parsonage, and he accordingly now saw that they fulfilled their word.
There is no description left of this building. All I know is that it was a stone edifice, with its fireplace bor- dered by Scriptural tiles. It cost
flo.
sti. p
For materials in sewan (florin val.) .. 680 05 00
" heavy money .. 913 13 00
Total in heavy money
1293 15 OS
.For wages, freight, board, groz, ete., etc., in sewan. 1387 05
00
" " heavy money 1020) 00
00
-
Total it sevan.
2064 10 00
" " heavy money. 1973 13 00
Total in heavy money .. 3007 09 00%
or twelve hundred and two dollars and ninety-six cents, which must have built a very comfortable residence. In- deed, this was much better than the church, for the latter was ouly a board- and log-pile, improved a little, when it became the court-room as well as a house of worship.
A tax of one rix dollar (two and a half guilders) per morgen was levied on "all plow- and pasture-land" in Esopus to pay this bill. The payments were in wheat, one- half " directly," and the "other half next summer." This was in November, 1661. We give a copy of the tax-list :
* Addition peculiar, but given as it is found in Hasbrouck papers.
-
62
HISTORY OF ULSTER COUNTY, NEW YORK.
mor. KI.
Balthazer Stuyvesant, Juriaen Van Westvael, tenant ... The director ..
25
10
12
30 00
Juriaen Van Westvael.
28 70 00
78 Thomas Chambers, two faring, 40 morgon ench ... 200 00
Evert Pels ..
30
00
Roelof Swartwout, tenant for Widow Stol ...
43
107 10
Cornelis Barentse Slecht, farin of Madame De Hulter ..
160
Slecht's own land, unsurveyed 25 62
Mrs. De Ilulter's pasture-land, not measured. 25
Albert Gyshorts (l'ineg). 20
50
00
Aert Jacobs (Van Wagenen)
47
10
Tjerek Claesen ( De Wit) 125 50 00
- Aert l'etersen Tack 20 50 00
Michael Ferre. 4 10 00 Indians,
The following paid the sums indicated, either by free gift or as a tax on their house-lots, not being farmers :
g1.
Andries Van-der Sluys .. 10
Jan Aerts Smit
20
Michael Ferre ..
12
Jan Broersen ( Decker).
10
Jan de Brabander
10 -
Andries Baten's
12
Ilendrick Cornelis-e ( Slecht).
20
Hendrick Jochense (Schontaker) 20
Harmen Hendrix ( Rosekrans). 12
.Ian Jansen
10
Jacob Barents
12 10
Mattys Roelofsen.
15
Jacob Burhans.
20
Garret Van Campen
10
Anthony Cruopel.
10 10
Albert Gerrets.
Barent Gprrets
25
Jacob Plancon .. 10
Jan de Backer ( Baker) offers lovo brick 95
Willetu Jansen
The deficiency was raised by an excise-tax of four guilders per ton on beer, sixteen per hog head on wine, and six per anker on other liquer. Fearful lest there would be much smuggling (a . there was), a fine of five times the value of the liquor was to be collected of the delinquent, one-third for the informer, Que-third for the officer, and the balance for the church. The reader will hereafter see that the fathers liked to defraud the government as well as our contemporaries.
As there was but little, if any, real money in circulation, it was now provided that twelve sewans should pass for one stuyver, or six for a cerit. Blom's salary was to be paid ir. benver, at one pound three shillings four peuce a piece, while they brought one pound ten in Holland. . The pay- ments were rally made in sewan, grain, or pons ; but as the prices of these were variable, beaver was made the standard of reckoning.
In the fall of 1660 orders came out that Mrs. De ilul- ter, now Mrs. Jeronimus Ebbing, should be an exception to the rale requiring all lands to be occupied within one year after patented, on pain of forfeiture. This favor was granted by the lords directors on the plea that the village stood on her land. Stuyvesant denied this, and declared it highly detrimental to the prosperity of the settlement. He said " twelve or fourteen farms might be laid out, and good ones, too," on the now unimproved land. He had also been dirreted to lay out a new village, " one and a half miles" ( Dutch) from the old oue, but he deemed it best to dofer this undertaking until the old one is properly fortified and comph ted.
& copy the following from the Kingston Church records:
" 1660. Dec. 7, and the following day, the visitarion of members in the locality of Esopus was made by me, Hermanus Biom, their
ininister, prior to the celebration of the supper, on the second boli- day, being Sunday, tho 20th iust., and the following are to celebrate the supper at the time specified for the first time :
Anna Blom,*
Jacob Joosten, removed, Margriet Chambrits, Geertruy Andries,
Jacob Burhans,
Mattiu Blan-chan,
Roelof Swartout,
Eva Swartout, his wife,
Anton Crepet (Crispel),
Cornelis Slecht,
Maria Blanschan, his wife, Tryntje Tysse, his wife,
Andries Barentse, soldier shot by
Albert Roosa, Meylke de Jongh, his wife.
Hilletjen Hendricks, his wife.
"The above members were found here at that time, and received as such on their attestation."
" 1660, 22d December, the following persons were received as uiem- bers by me, Hermanus Blom :
Members. Withcares.
Machiel Verre, t Cornelis Slecht,
Peter Hlillebrants, Jacob Joosten.
" 1631, April 15 :
Jan Aerts Smit, murdered by In- Cornelis Slecht, dians,
Jacob Jansen Stoutenborgh, Roelof Swartwout,
Margriet Meyers, removed, Margriet Chambrits, Andries Bareuts.
" Members received in presence of my Ellers on the 24th of June, 1661 :
Jan Willems,
Albert Gysberts,
Barber Jan Jans,
Aelje Wiggers,
Aert Jacobs,
Cornelis Slecht,
Annetje Gerrets,
Ililletje Hendricks,
Maritje Symens, removed, Jannetje Symons,
Heylje Jacobs, Geertruy Andries,
Hendrick Slecht, Cornelis Slecht.
" 1661, 16th December :
Aaltjen Claes,
Machiel Verre,
Sara Tilles, Hester Douwes, and
Aunetje Gerrets.
" 1661, April 15, received as members by attestation coming from Fort Orange :
Evers Pels, removed, Albert Gysburts, dead.
Jannetje Symens, his wife, r'n'd, Aaltjeu Wiggers, his wife.
"20th June :
Neeltjee Freericks, from Fort Orange by attestation.
"On Ist October, by attestation ;
Jan Lammers, removed, Tryntje Willems, with drawn with
Griet Jans, his wife, removed, attestation.
Cateryns Blauchan, Louwi Dubois and wife.
"Sth December, by attestation :
Jan Barents and wife, Jennetje 'Jacob Barents Werts, removed Ariana, deceased, Elstje Jans, Carsten Carstens, removed with Claestje, Teunis, died Oct. 2, her artestation, 1663,
Aunetie Roeloffe, Tomas Swartwout, remore! to Holland.
Hester Douwers,
" 1662, June 23, received in presence of my Elder : Members.
Tryntje Versagen, withdrawn by Eva. Swartwont, certiucate, Eltje Jans, Sara Jacobs.
Neeltje Arens, "24th September : Gueret Hargerinch vau Nieuwen- Annetje Gerrets.
huyse, came from Amsterdam, in Holland, with attestation, and removed to the Manhattanz, on attestation.
* In the margin stands: " Died in the Manhattans, the 13th Sept., 1666, and was buried there."
t Wounded hy savages and died.
1
Alert Heymanse ( Roosa), tenant of Jacob Jansen Stol. 36
00
00 10 Maddelyn Jorisse, his wife,
62
10
Peter Van Allen
Catryn Mattys,.
Maddeleen Direks,
63
FROM DUTCH TO ENGLISH SUPREMACY.
" December 15: .
Hendrick Arents, Jacob Joosten,
Roelof Hendricks, Hendrick Sleebt,
Jacomyntje Cornelis (Slecht), Mechiel Verre.
" 1662, 16th December, on certificate :
Ariantje Versebuer, removed, Maeyken llendrieks, dysbert Van Imbrocek, died, and Jan Cornelisse, wife, Rachael Van Imbroeck, Jan Joosten. died.
" 15th March, 1663.
David Cratfort, from Scotland, 1.ysbert Troep, his wife. Harent Harmens, Hendrich Arents, Claastjen Jacobs, Ililletje Hendricks,
Annetjen Cornelis, removed to Fort Orange,
Hendrick Cornelis.
" 13th December:
Jan Pieters Muller (Miller) eatne fron Fort Orange, on certificate. .. 20th December :
Ellewaert de Smith,
Maddelen Blanchan,
Jan Cornelisse Ven Gott, Maddelen Joriest Blanchan, Marri Blauehau.
"34 July. 1664: Jan Jacob Burbans, Jead, Jacob Burhans,
Roelof Swartwout. " 15th July, 1664 :
Willem Beeckman and wife, Catarina De Hoogh, came without eer- titiente. Not published. Takeu on word.
" 26th November :
Elstjen Burente, on certificate
from the Manhattans,
Piere Nove and Margrita du- Mont, bis wife, came with their attestations from Staten Idand. Removed.
" 18th December :
Albert Jans, Audrica Peters, Grietjen Arents, " 17th April, 1665 :
Roelof Hendricks, Aort Jacobs, Annetje Pieters,
Annetjen Cornelis has produced a certificate from Fort Orange, now New Albany. 4. 15th October, 1665 : Jeroen Douwerse, Albert Janse, Jan Cornelisce. Jaech Barentse Kool,
" 2nth November : Hans Khierstede (M.D.), removed.
" 16th April, 1666 : Joost Arisens, Grietje Hendricks, Aclije Lubbers, Auneke Jeiles,
, Poelof Hendricks, Margriet du Mon, Hilletje Hendricks, Make hendricks.
" 30th December, 1606 : Maria Beeckmunus, Eyckeu Alles, Lysbet Hlendrieks. I.yebet Willemus,
Wilbehans Beckmans, Albert Heymens,
Aelije Claes,
Maeyken llendricks,
Ilendriektje Cornelis,
Aeltje Wiggers, Anneke Jelles.
Members.
Cornelis Hoogeboom, Wallerand d'Mont,
Alrian Albertsy, . Harret Aericy, Dr. Roelof hierstode,
Jan Broersy, Marytje Juns, Jied 23d May, 1679. Jan Cornelis Van tottenberg, died 23d July, 1079.
" Names of men:bers received in ebureb at Kingston, in Esopus,
by wie, Nicholas van Rensselaer, pastor at New Albany and Rensse- larrwyck, April 23, 1665 :
Parent von Cousala, and wife,
Andre Lefevre, Simon Lefevra,
Cornelis Cornelissa, Mairy Rybolds.
"The 25th December, 16on, the second holiday, being Sunday, I,
Hermanus Blom, minister in the village in the land of Esopus, hehl there the first Holy Supper of our Lord Jesus Christ, in memory of bis bitter suffering and death, and inade the visitation some days before; but, by the grace of God, found no evil among my members.
" 1661. On Easter Sunday, the 17th April, again celebrated the Supper with the congregation of this place, and, as heretofore, made a visitation and found no evil.'
On the Sth, 15th and 22d of May, Cornelis Barentse Slecht was nominated for elder, and Albert Gysberts (rope- maker) for deacon,-that " If any one had aught against them they could make it known, and no one having aught against them they were confirmed by me." These are the first Consistory-men whose names I have met.
The Lord's Supper was now regularly celebrated every three months, the dominie and one elder making the cir- euit of the whole congregation prior thereto, and inquiring for trouble between members, those on the " anxious beuch," and looking after the poor. These " house visit- ations" (" Huysbearckings") were then as much an incum- bent duty of the minister as preaching, and were very useful to bin and the church,-to the first, in that through them the masses came to know him; and to the second, because thereby a better discipline was enforced. Blom made a minute of every Supper and pastoral visit, and records Oct. 1, 1662, " Silenced and settled some troubles that we found." Again, on the next Easter, " found great trouble, but, by the grace of God, after one day, settled the affair."
On the 30th of November, " on the request of the Con- sistory, and on the approval of the Governor," he published they would observe New Year's day " by preaching in the forenoon," "according to the usage of other churches," and thus keep in memory the " merey of Our Lord," and " to thank Ilim for His goodness."
" Feb. 4, 1662. The congregation was informed, by permission of the Consistory of this place, that, from this time off, none of the set- tlers, be they who they may, shall undertake to put off marriage after the third notice, except for great and weighty reasons of sickness, et"., which must then be communicated to us, so that we can prevent such mischiefs as arise from prorogation of marriage, therefore (shy I), for reasons aforesaid, from this time forward no one shall delay of sus- prend marriage after the notice has been read the third time, and from now of every one must.conform to it."
CHAPTER XV.
FROM DUTCH TO ENGLISH SUPREMACY -LAYING OUT OF MARBLETOWN AND HURLEY-LISTS OF INHABITANTS.
I .- THE LAST OF THE DUTCH RULE.
PETRUS STUYVESANT was the last of the original line of Dutch Governors or directors-general of the State of New York. The English had carly laid claim to the Dutch pos- sessions on the Hudson and Delaware, and as early as 1634 had driven the Dutch from the Connecticut.
Early in the year 1664, Governor Stuyvesant became apprehensive of trouble, and in his extremity resolved to appeal for help to the people of the colony.
Accordingly, on the 18th of March, 1661, orders went, out convening a " General Assembly" on the 10th of April
Annatje Cornelis,
64
HISTORY OF ULSTER COUNTY, NEW YORK.
following. Esopas sent two delegates. Here is a copy of' their credentials :
" Election made on the 31st of March, 1664, by a plurality of votes for two delegates to be sent from this village of Wiltwyck to the Man- hatInns to a General Assembly.
" Whereas, ou the summons of the director-general and council of New Netherland, daled the 18th of March, it is required of this vil- lage of Willwyck to send two deputies down to a General Assembly, the sheriff hud commissaries have called us, the undersigned inhabit- anis of Wiltwyck, together on the date underwritten, to elect and send of two fit persons to attend the said inceting, which is to be held on the 10th of April next coming.
" We have, therefore, chosen by a plurality vote two honest persons, Thomas Chambers and Gysbert Van Inborch, to whom we hereby give fall authority and power to deci-le what shall be for the public welfare, and That may concern this place, and to do whatever they may deem advisable, with the promise to confirm all that they may do for the goml of the public, under pain of punishment as contra- veners.
" Done in Wiltwyck, this 31st of March, 1664. (Was signed) The mark of Albert frysherten, Tierck Claesen De Witt, Cornelis Barert- sen Slecht, Evert Pels, Albert Gerietse h, the mark of Juriaen West- phael, mark of Jan Willemsen Houghtrling, Aert Jacobsen (Van Wagenen), mark of Arian Garretsca Van Vliet, mark A. M. D .. of Aert Martensen Doorn, mark of Peter Jacobsen, mark of Matlys Roelofsen, mark of Jan Broersen, mark of X, Jacob Barentsen Cool, Hendrick Jochems."
They were the first voters in Ulster County, and this was the first popular election in New Netherland.
On the 25th of April thesc delegates prayed for an amplifieation of their instructions. alleging the turbulent took advantage of their looseness. They wanted them like those of Beiverwych. "They also asked that the court wight have the power to lay roads and streets, build post- and-mail formes, to inclose the fields, gardens, orehands, and such other authority as the agrienltural prosperity might demand, and to build churches aud school-houses. They also demanded instructions for the clerk ; a reasonable salary for the school-master, " as he is so extravagant in his charges that many keep their children home;" that the tavern exeiss be awarded to the highest bidder, and the fees of the sheriff, messenger, and clerk definitely fixed, so that their disputes over them might end.
The director and council, in answer to this petition, sent up some instructions, which I have not found.
At length it was apparent that the province of the New Netherlands must be surrendered to the English. This created confusion at Wiltwyck; the civil authority was abandoned.
On the 1st of September the militia assumed complete command of the place, the soldiers having been withdrawn to defend the colony against the English. Three days thereafter, Thursday, the court met in extraordinary scs- sion, "to consider what should be done if the English come."
" On the proposition made by the sheriff how the people are to act if the English come, it is resolved, that, on the firing of a cannon, all the militia shall repair to the guard- House to receive further orders, and that, in the mean while, the sheriff and justices shall attempt to hold a conference with them outside the gates. During the interval the inilitia officers shall search among the citizens for powder and lead, for we cannot learn how the Indians will act in this situation."
Stuyvesant did not agree to the capitulation, by which he surrendered the New Netherland to the English, until the 6th, and the transfer took place on the 8th of the same mouth. The action then of the authorities of Wiltwyck indicated either a sense of their weakness, or a desire for English government.
Immediately after the surrender, Col. George Cartwright, with Capts. John Manning, Thomas Breedon, Thomas Wil- lett, and Danicl Brodhead, was sent up the river to take possession of the country in the name of the Duke of York and English erown. These officers sailed first to Fort Orange, which they named Fort Albany, on the 24th. On their way back to New York they stopped at Esopus, and thus this county passed into the hands of the Duke of York.
II .- WILTWYCK UNDER THE ENGLISH.
When the English took possession of Esopus, its popu- lation was about "two hundred souls." A few men had rebuilt in the new village that very summer, 1664. but the greater share still remained in Wiltwyck. The losses hal been so heavy that poverty was the rule among the inhab- itants. This was greater because the harvest was short, for the good reason not much had been sown in the previous fall. Yet the laud was fruitful. At the new village many fields yielded a good crop from the " upslag" spillings of the harvesters. The flats ahnost everywhere were cleared of timber, which offered great inducements to settlers. Iu almost all other scetions the farmer had to fell the timber and burn it before he could sow. I have always wondered some of the patroons of those days did not seize on the bottom lands of Esopus. As it was, the owners of the so !! Were all freemen. From the very beginning Stuyvesant had treated them as such. ITe begged them to build a village for their protection : he did not order it. All he asked was due respect for his own and superiors' position. The English wisely allowed the settlers their old laws and enstotus, and advised their officers to treat all as subjects of the king, not as enemies. All the old officers were con- tinned.
Governor Stuyvesant had retained possession of two forms near Wihwyck, both somewhere near the Hurley line. These were tilled by Juriaen Westphael and Arien Gerretsen Van Vliet. During his administration of the colony he had not had the time to look after them, where- fore they got in arrears. In November of this year he visited them in person. Gerretsen offset his claim with one for damage for " being pressed in the service" during the late war. He was ordered to seek that of the company. Nicholas Demeyer came up with him to sue other parties. Peter Bruynsen, an attorney, also came with him to sue Van Vliet for sixteen schepels of barley. Under a plea of usury the latter got off by turning over the amount bor- rowed.
Sheriff Beekman and Jan Houghteling were sent to New York to intereede for the village and get a supply of blankets for the soldiers. This the garrison also asked because " the people were very poor."
In answer to their request, Nieolls ordered the dominie's back salary should be paid, and it should coutinne as before.
65
FROM DUTCH TO ENGLISH SUPREMACY.
No one could sell liquor to Indians, under a penalty of five hundred guilders ; that they should be well used when they came in to trade venison, beans; and other articles by day iu a friendly way. For, said he, " I have agreed with the Esopus chiefs and their people uot to molest them." The soldiers were quartered ou the settlers, under the direction of the court, but the Governor promised to pay their board, commanding the soldier and civilian to " live in Quion and friendship," that in " time of need" all may act together " as one man." The magistrates and officers were to settle all differences " that might arise."
Those living near the mill-gate (North Front Street) were connuauded to take their straw and weeds over the daniu, as it was too dangerous to burn them so near the stoekade. Ali other people were, also, to clear the streets of the same things in front of their lots, lest " the blowings out of a tobaeen pipe" set the place on fire, " as it did at Amesfort, ou Long Island."
TROUBLE WITH THE INDIANS.
The Esopus Indiaus had been so nearly exterminated by the Dutch that they had no heart to renew trouble uuder the English. Mauy rumors of war constantly floated about in the Christian neighborhoods, but they generally origi- uated in the fears of the people or carousals of the savages over their rum. By a regulation of the Governor, an In- diau lodging house was built on the south side of the Rou- dout Creek, opposite the " Wallebocht," where they had to resort every night while in the neighborhood. There they traded with the whites and drank their liquor. "It was fearful to hear the yells by night" of those wild devils.
When night came, every savage was forced by law to leave the homes of the settlers, but they soon trespassed on it. Ever eager to barter for furs, they surreptiti usly let the Indiaus in their cabius, and concealed them for the night. Fines of one hundred guilders did not stop thein.
In January, 1665, Capt. Manning, of Fort Orange, sent down word that "three thousand savages had suddenly appeared there," which greatly alarmed the Esopus. In April an Indian said the Esopus savages had " nothing good in mind." Christopher Davis confried this story. They happened. abont this time, to meet George Bolus, at the " Twaalfskill," whom they gave an unmerciful drubbing. This was told as sure evidence of their wicked intent. They, having no guile in heart, grumbled because they were not allowed to come near the villages. Altje Claes, wife of Ilendrick Aertseu, laid this on the English soldiers, and told the Indians the blaine was with them. " The English, in returu, let them in again." This frightened the beneb, who ordered the people to tell the savages they knew nothing about the origination of the order.
While there Governor Nicolls deemed it expedient to change the military commanders, aud appointed Capt. lunic! Brodhead to that position. This gentleman was born in Yorkshire, England, where he married Anne Tye, daughter of Francis Tye and Tellos Solomou, and had born unto them there Daniel and Charles. In May, 1664, he BeIt Ragland in the expedition which took possession of New Netherland, taking with him his wife and two children. Previous to his appointment to command at Esopus, he
was on garrison duty at Albany and New York. His com- mission is dated Sept. 14, 1665, at the Esopus, and is as follows, to wit :
" RICHARD NICOLAS, ESQ., etc. " To Capt. Draid Brodhead, Chief Officer of the Militia in the Cxopax :
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