USA > New York > Ulster County > History of Ulster County, New York, with illustrations and biographical sketches of its prominent men and pioneers. Vol. I > Part 16
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" Whereas, His Majesty hath been graciously pleased by his Letters Patents, under the great seal of England, to grant unto his Royal Highness, James, Duke of York and Albany, et cetera, several tracts of land in America, specified in the said Letters Patents, with full power and authority to nominate and nppoint all officers, borb civil and military ; And, whereas, His Royal Highness hath been also gra- ciously pleased, by commission, under his hand and scal, to grant unto me, as his Deputy-Governor, all the power and authority ex- pressed to be given iu the said letters patents : By virtue of the said authority I do constitute and appoint yon, the said Daniel Brodhead, Chief Officer of the Militia in the Ropes. You are to take care and use your utmost diligence for the defence of the place and people against any attempts. You are constantly to keep good guard, and your sol liers in good order and discipline, according to the rule and method of war. Hereby :f.ictly charging and requiring all inferior officers and sol liers, from time to time, to receive and obey you as their Chief Officer over the Militia. And you are also to obey such orders and instructions as you shall receive from me in all enses whereuulo you are required.
"Given under my hand and seal, at the Esopes, the 14th day of September, 1665. (Signed) " RICHARD NICOLIS."
The Governor shortly after issued the following iustrue- tions :
" Instructions to Capt, Daniel Brodhead; for the management of the Garrison in the Reaper :
"Ist. You are to keep striet order and discipline with the soldiers, that no riots or abuses be done in their quarters; particularly that ne soldier presume to judes of revenge his own cause, but to make it first known to you: Anl if the complaint be against & Burgher, to make it known to the Schoout, who will give you satisfaction therein ; nudl in case you receive not so much justice as you conceive to be due, temit the rest to me and smooth up the business till my direc- tions can be had.
2d. You are to keep constant guards, yet with respect to the number and health of the soldiers.
"Ord. You are weekly to deliver the soldiers their fail weight and allowance of provisions of Beef or Venison, proportionable, when it is to be had, and keep an exact wee vant thereof, as also what Venison you shall buy with powder and lead, in which you must be very sparing, and give but a small quantity for a deer, with regard to your stores, that you may not want ammunition upon occasion.
"AIth. You must avoid barshiness of words and heat of passion in ull occasions, seeking rather to reconcile differences than to be head cf a party. Preserve year-elf single and indifferent as to justice between sobtiers and burghers. Give not too easy an car to private whisperers and insiuvators, which may overrule your judgment and beget a prejudice ju your pand against the Juteb. For though I ain not apt to believe they have a natural affection to [the] Englisb, yel without ill usage I do not find them so malicious as some will scel: to persuade you they are.
" 5th. That the soldiers do give no abuse to the Indians either in the towu or woods; but if any Indian happens to be drunk or abusive in the town you may put him upon the guard till be is sober, without inflicting any other punishment upon him, which point is one of the articles made between me and them. The Indians are not to come (with their arms fixed) into the town, but to leave them at the house without the ports, which I suppose is already built for them.
" 6th. That you take some scasonable opportunity to visit that tract of land which I have bought of the Indians, and is described in the articles : to which end, and as the season of the weather pre- sents, it will be best That you get one or two of their Sachems and some other of their Indians to go along with you, and thereof to give me the best account you can ; as also that in the winter, when there is either an opportunity which offers itself, or some extra- ordinary necessity happens, you fail not ty send me word of your condition.
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66
HISTORY OF ULSTER COUNTY, NEW YORK.
"7th. You may yourself to your own ase (or any soldier may to his own use) plongh and sow corn upon any land which is not already granted to any of the present inhabitants of the Sopes, until you reveive order from me to the contrary.
"Sth. In all matters which may happen accidentally you are re- quired to make use of your best discretion, ns you are punctually to observe my instructions to the partienlars herein written and signed by me
"This 23d of October, 1665, in James' Fort. (Signed) " RICHARD NICOLLS."
ADMINISTRATION OF GOVERNOR LOVELACE.
In August, 1668, Col. Francis Lovelace succeeded Nicolls as Governor. In September he visited Esopus, and or- dered Henry Pawling to lay out a new town " beyond the new village," which he proposed to settle with the soldiery, which he now announced was ap unnecessary expense to the duke. The first allotment to each person was to be fifteen morgen of lowland and ten of upland.
JIL-MARBLETOWN AND HURLEY LAID OUT AND NAMED-KINGSTON NAMED.
On the 9th of September, 1669, the council ordered the disbandment of the soldiers at Esopus, and, only two days afterwards, commissioned Ralph Whitfield, Capt. John Manning, Capt. Thomas Chambers, Sheriff Beekman, Christopher Beresford, and Henry Pawling " to regulate the affairs of Esopus."
These men were directed to hold a conference with the Indians; disband the garrison ; take a census of the local- ity ; see how many could bear ands ; sct a watch ; examine Stuyvesatit's claim to Wassemaker ; see that Chamlers had lines, as per patent ; inquire how he felt about putting up a store-house at the Strand, and to get some one else to do it if he refused ; pass strict ordinanees on cleaning grain, " that place (Esopus) having already, in part, lost the re- putation (for clean grain) they formerly had." They were also to take av account of the excise; compel the people at the new town to occupy their lauds, either by fines or for- feiture; preseribe laws for the village to be formed; lay out highways; appoint places of rendezvous in cases of war; repair the dominie's house; and regulate the sale of liquor among the Indians.
These commissioners began their labors on the lith of September by sending for the savages, and then set out for the new villages. They named the further one " Marble- ton" ( Marbletown), according to bis Honor's directions. The new village was christened Hurley on the same day. The first was suggested by the great amount of limestone near the village, and the latter by Hurley, Lovelace's an- cestral home on the Thames, in Berkshire, England.
On the 25th they formally christened Wiltwyck, Kings- ton, after " Kingston Lisle," near Wantage, where Love- lace's mother lived with her first husband.
By their directions, " the Redont" was to be kept by "Sopes," the " rest having enough to do to defend them- selves." Kingston was tined fifty schepels wheat " for not fencing the burying-ground." Albert Heymanse Rovsa obtained permission to build a tan-yard in Hurley, which was the first one erected there.
Capt. Chambers refused to build the store house, and, being unable to get any one else to do it, the matter was
deferred. Capt. Pawling, being intimate with the savages. was made " Indian commissioner." " Having had certain information that all sorts of grain growing here have not been well cleaned, and so became less merchantable." therefore no grain was allowed to leave the place noless clear, under a forfeit - of one-third of it. Beresford was chosen magistrate of Marbletown and Hurley, " to be above a constable." Lewis Du Bois and Alberi Heymanse Roosa were made overseers of Hurley ; Jan Briggs and Fredrick Hussey, for Marbletown ; Thomas Chambers and William Beekman, for Kingston. Jan Williemsen Houghteling obtained privilege to build a mill on his land near the bounds of Hurley and Kingston. This must have been on Preymaker's Kill. The newly laid-out lands had to be or- enpied in one year after allotment, or were forfeited. while settlers had to live in either Marbletown or Hurley, except Capt. Henry Pawling, who was allowed to build between the two towns, on the town line, now the residence of John J. Cole, " for the convenience of travelers, and to make nearer correspondence between the two towns."
The reader must here bear in mind that although pre- liminaries to the permanent occupation of Marbletown were gone through with, and that, in anticipation of a con- firmation of the directions of the colonial authorities, many had already built homes at that place, the new village was not yet surveyed and partitioned, neither were the bounds of farm-lands definitely defined. Again, the last-unmed commission had appointed officers and established pett; courts, but had neglected, to define the town lines. To re- lieve the settlers of the difficulties which this neglect might bring about, the Governor, on the 17th of March, 1670, com- missioned his brother, Capt. Dudley Lovelace, Jacques Cor- telyou, William Beckman, Christopher Beresford, and Henry Pawling to rectify all these affairs, and bring about a happy feeling in the new settlement. As soon as the river opened the three first-named men sailed for E-opus, where they arrived on the 29th of March. Having met the two. local coutmissioners at Kingston, they immediately pro- ceeded with the task assigned them, having first chosen Lovelace president of the commission.
Ou taking a view of the public lands, it was thought the Wassemaker contained one hundred and fifty-eight acres. Capt. Pawling and Capt. Clnumbers were directed to inquire into the claim of Stuyvesant to this tract, for, be it remem- bered, while the English had claimed it as a part of the property of the West India Company, the doughty ex- Governor pertinaciously insisted it was his private property. and that, although he had no title under the Dutch author- ity, because he did not grant land to himself, yet he had occupied it through Juriaen Westphael, Evert Pels, at] even his son, Nicholas Wilhelmus Stuyvesant. After hear- ing the claimants on both sides, Chambers and Pawing agreed to what seems to have been a compromise, for they gave thirty-four aeres to Dudley Lovelace " as a reward fur good service done," and the balance was apportioned in equal shares to Stuyvesant and Sherif Delaval. The tract, doubtless, contained more aeres than here mentionel. for at this time the oll settlers of Hurley were allotted portions of it because they were short of measurement of the land which had been granted them.
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67
LAYING OUT OF MARBLETOWN AND HURLEY.
The first " great picee," now staked and divided, con- tained three hundred acres, and extended from the Marble- town line down the north side of the Esopus Creek, and is described as lying between " Ye new and old kills." The second piece adjoined it on the southwest, and inelded four hundred and twenty aeres, wholly in the town of Mar- bletown. Jacques Cortelyou was sworn to make the sur- veys of these and divide them in thirty acre lots.
While this work was going on, the lands of George Hall and Nicholas Varlett, in Hurley, were forfeited because not occupied. Matthew Blanshan, Lambert Huyberts, Roeloff Swartwout, Lewis Du Bois, Jan Joosten, and Cor- nelis Wynkoop gave up their possessions in the Marble- town traet for other lands near Hurley. The reason for this was that they heid valid titles to part of the first piece, and were in a situation to dispute possession, which they were about doing.
" March 31st, 1b70 .- Ordered, that the bounds between Kingston and Hurley eastward do begin at the foot of the hills, npon ye east- erly side of ye Preymaker's land, and then running from the hills along the great ereck to the east end of Wassemaker's land directly to ye wools, and then with a southward line through the woods to a certain ereck, commonly called and known by ve name of Redout creek or kill.
"Ordered, that the bounds between Hurley and Marbletown do begin at the foot of se hills all along the great crock between the first and second piree of land, Hurley including ye first, Marbletown the seconil, and then with a northwest ( southeast ) line from the nearest part of that ereck to ye place of rendezvous, clear through ye woods to ye liedout ereck or kill, as in the other boundary."
As might easily have been surmised, this description of tuwu lines left so much room for a conflict of jurisdiction that in a short time the work had to be done over again, and then, as if determined to settle the question between these three towns forever, Surveyor-General Graham made the following ambiguous survey of Hurley :
" Beginning near the house of old Joost. by the high road at Mor- bletown and Hurley, running along the line of Marbletown northwest to the high hills, atul thence, as the sail bills range northeasterly to the line parting U'Ister and Albany, so by the said line to the north- west corner of the town of Kingston, and stretches thence by their line, as the hills range southwest to a certain marked tree standing on the hills, and thence due south three English miles to a certain small ran, called Premaker kill; and thence to the old house of Captain Herck Schep moes, rud thence south until you cut a west line running from the mouth of the Lich Erop as creek, being by the south bounds of the said town of Kingsion, and thence westerly by the said line an I the north bonuds of New Paltz to the northwest corner of the Paltz Patent, and thenee to the place where began."
On the 5th of April, while the commission were in ses- sion, some of the soldiers saw fit to have " a paper delivered in io ye president tending to sedition and mutiny, which was torn as a scandalous libel, repugnant to this govern- luent and the authority thereof." On the same day Capt. Pawling mustered and drilled his company of militia, com- Fixed of the male citizens of Hurley and Marbletown, who had been curoiled the day before. As the muster-roll of this company will show what families were there repre- rented, I append a copy :
MARBLETOWN.
11. nry Powling, Captain, ' hristopher Beresford, Lienten- snt,
John Briggs, En-iga,
Samuel Oliver. Sergeant,
Albert Heymans, Fergrant, Richard Cage, Drummer, Elward Whittaker,
Thomas Matthews,
Robert Bickerstaff,
Thuinas Quinell,
Jan Joosten,
William Fisher,
Henry Crump,
John Hendrick,
Frederick Petersen,
George Porter,
Cornelius Finehold,
Frederick Hussey,
Thomas Elgar,
John Poune !! ,
Edward French,
Anthony Addison,
Robert Peacock,
Evert Price, Jubn Reynolds,
George Hall,
Jacob Do Wael,
Anthony Conk,
Gysbert Crum,
William Horton,
Gerret Jansen.
HURLEY.
Paulus Paulusen,
Lambert Huyberts,
Jacob Johnson (Jansen),
Warenaar floorenbeek,
Lewis Dubois.
Gerret Fakar,
Aaron Tunis,
Gerret Cornelisen,
Anthony Crispll,
Francois Le Chaire,
Jan Albertsen,
Jacob Carles,
Ariaen Albertsen,
Robert Goldsberry,
John Dihoth,
Arinen Fransen,
Aldert Roosa,
Ariaen Roosa,
Peter, the Negro,
John Roosa.
On the worning of the 6th of April, 1670, Capt. Paw- ling mustered the old garrison at the rendezvous, and marched with them froin Marbletown to Kingston, for the purpose of drawing their land by lot. Tu give eclat to the occasion, the whole company of militia fell into the line, and kept step to the music of " fife and drum." At the will-gate, on North Front Street, Capt. Chambers met them with the burgher-guard of Esopus and escorted them to the town house, where the colors were deposited and the old company formally disbanded. This gone through with, each old soldier drew the number of his lot, and thus be- came a freeholder in Marbletown. The participants in these bounty lunds were :
Christopher Beresford, Richard Cage,
Captain Henry Pawling,
John Reynolds,
Smanel Oliver,
Mrs. Anne Brodhead,
Thomas Elgar,
Ensign Briggs,
Willian Horton,
William Fisher,
Robert Persock,
Clinton Maud,
Evert Price,
George Porter.
Fredrick Hussey,
Anthony Addision,
Thomas Quinell,
John Henry,
Predetien Delav.
crt Martinson.
Jac Joosten and his son,
Anthony Cooke, Edward French, Thomas Matthews, Edward Whittaker, George Hall, and Robert Biekerstaff, not wishing to become pioneers, declined to take a portion of the land " for the good of the rest," but desired their six months' provisions " be sent down."
The former commissioners had chosen a site for the town, which was the territory on both sides of the present stage- road at Marbletown. Each house-lot embraced two and one-half acres of land for a garden. Thither the settlers repaired, after having been regaled at Kingston, and began in right good earnest the erection of their future homes. In two years the village contained some fifty-three houses, mwstly built of logs. No one pressing through that section now would dream that so large a village once flourished there, for there is no evidence of its existence left. It was a necessity arising from the need of mutual protection on the frontier. As the settlements spread and decreased
..
Matthew Blanshan,
6S
HISTORY OF ULSTER COUNTY, NEW YORK.
the need for protection, the farmers abandoned the village for their farms, and thus it melted away.
As the lowlands were designed for tillage, Lovelace directed :. " There is a strip of land by ye Call Bergh which I propose to improve for a feeding ground. It is called the Butterfeld." This section here referred to was the ridge running southward from the residence of Dr. James Oliver to Stone Ridge and High Falls. Like the flats, it was un- timbered, hence the idea of the Governor. Such is the chronicle of Marbletown.
IV .- THE STOCKADE OF KINGSTON REPAIRED.
On the 3d of May, 1671, Thomas Delaval and Capt. Dudley Lovelace appeared in Kingston, as special commis- sjoners, to settle all extraordinary disputes between the in- habitants themselves or between them and the king. They brought with them the commission of Isaac Grevenraet, who was immediately inducted into the sheriffship. Beck- man returned to New York bearing with him the thanks of the court and the esteem of his neighbors. His son, Hendricus, remained in the county. Capt. Chambers was Inade a justice of the peace at the date last mentioned.
On the 15th of May, 1671, the inhabitants were ordered to renew the stockade of Kingston. I give the list of resi- dents of the village, with their portion of the work :
Rods. Rods.
Michael de Modt ... 10
Roelof Hendrix and Gerret
Robert Biggerstaf. 5 Landwerts. 10 Harmen Hendrix. 5
Edward Whittaker, for lot of
J. Westphal .. 10 Jan Pond ..
Dirck Jorien Schepmoes. 5
Fweer Teunisy, for Albert
Jan L woman .. 10
Lasies In Body :
5
Super Tenisy
Mrs. Anna Brodhead, for
Anthory Delba 5
lot of Lambertz S Jacob Adriensen 5
Hendrick Jochems and Cor- holis Wynkoop ..... 30
George Hall 15
Anthony Korek.
Wellerand D'a Mon ..
T. Chambers 15 Cornelis Tynhoudt .... 5
Capt. Chanibers. Capt. Paeblin Matthew Clanshan 5 5
74
Sweer Teunisy 81 Whlow of Merit Jacobsen ... 84
Hendrick Aertsy
Jan Broersen. 1
Windows of Aerdt Jacobsen. 16
Edward Whittaker. 15
V .- KINGSTON AGAIN UNDER THE DUTCH.
On the 2d of November, 1073, the Esopus again became a Dutch appendage. On that day, Sheriff Isaac Graven- radt and Schepens Cornelis Wynkoop, Dr. Roelof Kierstede, Wessel Ten Broeck, and Jan Borhans took the oath of al- leyince to the States-General. By direction of Colve, the Dutch Governor, Kingston was named "Swacnenburgh." When the colony reverted to the English the former name was recalled, and has not been taken away to this day. No other alterations were made. William Beckman, of New York, was offered the sheriff-hip, but he declined the bonor. The officers were directed to make a list of " what ye in- habitants can pay for ye support of a minister ;" to make all the men take the oath of allegiance if they would remain in the province; to see all officers were of the " Reformed Religion, but well-affected to the Dutch."
VI .- KINGSTON AGAIN UNDER THE ENGLISH.
On Saturday, Oct. 31, 1674, the colony of New York returned to the government of England. On the 20th of the next month a letter arrived from Governor Edmund An- dross releasing the courts of Esopas from allegiance to the States. General. He reinstated the schepens who were in office when the colony surrendered to the Dutch, and ap- pointed George Hall sheriff. He had already been collector of excise, herdsman, and fence-viewer. Robert " Pekock" was made constable.
In January, 1675, the burghers of Kingston took the onth of allegiance, and George Hall was made lieutenant of militia, Hendrix Jochems ensign, and Mattys Mattysen, Sr., sergeant. Chambers remained captain.
GOVERNOR DONGAN'S ADMINISTRATION.
Governor Thomas Dongan called a General Assembly to incet in New York or the 17th of October, 1683. From a very carly period the Dutch had striven with the govern- ing authorities for the right of representation and self-gov - ernment, and had many fierce quarrels with them over it.
This effort of theirs eulminated in a " Land dagh," 1664, but this was owing to the desperation of the Dutch government over their waning authority, rather than to any genuine love for the right of the people to a republi- can form of government. As soon as the English gained possession of New Netherland, all classes expected a gift of a popular assembly. They had so long been taught. to believe in the invulnerability of an Englishman's liberty that they actually longed for the transfer, and welcomed it. They soon found, however, that they trusted in a false friend, or had been entirely mistaken. The Governor and his council ruled New York as arbitrarily a : Stuyvesant ever did when she rejoiced in the name of New Netherland. Petitions and remonstrances, however, continually went up to them against it from every part of the colony. There were many mnen iu every locality who both loved God and man, aad feared not to say so lest they should offend some one. These kept alive the spirit of liberty, and were, the while, an eye-sore to tyranny.
When the Governor ordered the Assembly, September, 1653, be wrote the sheriff of Esopus to command each town to choose four men, who should scheet two delegates to attend jt. Whom cach selected, I know not. Henry Beekman and William Ashfordby were chosen assemblymen.
One of the first acts of the General Assembly was the division of the colony of New York into counties. Esopus was named Ulster, the Irish title of the Duke of York, lord proprietor of all the colony. Its limits included " the towns of Kingston, Hurley, Marbletown, Foxhall, and the New Paltz, and all the villages, neighborhoods, and Christian habitations on the west side of the Hudson's River, from the Murderer's Creek, near the Highlands, to the Sawger's Creek."
At a court of sessions, held Jan. 25, 1684, Thomas Garton and Henry Beekman showed their commissions as " justices of the peace for the county of Ulster," and Wil- liam Ashfordby as sheriff for the same. This is the first entry of " Ulster" in the records of the county. It was resolved the magistrates of cach town should take turns
Jan Cornelissen and Ciaes
Mrs. Anna Brodhead, for lot of A. Mastens .. S Clasen .. 10
19
Aert Martensen .. 8 Roelof swartwont. 10
Jacob Fimendorf 5
The children of G. Van In- borch. 10
Cornelis Vernooy .. 5 Derek Hendricksen ... 5 Widow of David Crallordt. 5
Matlys Matry sen 13 Jan Gerritsen. 7 Albert Jansen. 5
Dirch Keven- 16 Jan Willorion
Small House of Wyskoop.
Peter Gilli en, guard.
69
LISTS OF INHABITANTS.
to attend the courts. The latter officers were appointed by the " General Court," and were, for Kingston, Michael Garton, Jan Williamsen, Jan Foeken ; Marbletown, Jacob Van Etten, Robert Bickerstaff; Hurley, Jan Eltinge, Cor- nelius Cool; Paltz, Jan Hasbrouck and Abraham Du Bois. The constable of Kingston was Jacob Rutgers; Marble- town, Jan Cock; Hurley, Johannes de Ilooges; Paltz, "Symon Lefevre." Ashfordby had been sheriff and dis- graced for malfeasance, but he proved his innocence and gained further honors.
The colony of New York now presented the anomalous condition of one seetion enjoying the right of popular elections, while another did not. Esopus, now Ulster, was in the category with the latter. This did not set well on the minds of the people ; wherefore, Captain Chambers, Henry Pawling, William Montagne, and a few others, after consultation in the house of William De Meyer, drew up the following petition, and obtained the annoyed sigua- tures thereto :
"TO THE RIGHT HONNRELE COLL. THOMAS PONGAN, Gorerut-Gen- erall of all his Royal Highness, Territories in America.
"The humble petition of the inhabitants of Esopus in the County of Ulster
"Sheweth :
" That, whereas the Inhabitants of Esopus, in the County of U'Ister, for the owne part having bought and payd for of ye ludians their land to the full satisfaction of the same and penceably possest _ for severall yeares, and then it pleased God there was a combination among the Indians and they made wars and it fell uppon these cur parts, killed severall of the inhabitants, tooke severall prisoners and burned our dwellings to ye great losse of goods and blood and spoyle of or placa wch seedes dored thre . weckes and soe thorrow god's as- sistance wee beat them of and then were forced to plowe scow moow and all other works with a great guarde at our owne charge, not re- ceiving monnies or relict off any other part of the country to the repairing of our lesses, and since the settlemit of this governin't by his Royall highnesse it pleased Goverur Nicolls and Governr Love- lace to settle severall of the souldiers amongst us in the town of Marble to be governed among the rest by the lawes of his Royall highnesse, and wee have allwayes yeelded our alleagance and obedi- tuce to the same rendering and paying such duties us where required nf us both to the Governrs or his Royall highnesses Customes. Therefore your bonnrs Petitionrs humbly jay that wee may have the Liberty by Charter to this County to choice our owne officers to cvery towne court by the major vote of the freehollers, and that they may decide all actions of debt t. the value of five pounds or more, it trang very prejudicall to this county in regard of a lesser siebie to i- decided, because the trade of this County is most among poore freness and changes of higher e mets will prove very burlensome, for such sinall sommes; and that vce may make such orders auong outelves in every towne court in this county for the preservation of the corne fields, mendow ground, goods and chattels according as ye convenicue of the yeare and place doe require, and that all such Enes levyed by the towne courts may bee for the use of ye same, not exceling twinty shillings according to the laws of bis Royall high- here. And further that wee may have liberty to transport all grayne, Power, beefe, porke, and all such produces az are now or hereafter Davy ine within this county. rendering and paying all such dues and eustorees as are required by the lawes of this goverment.
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