USA > New York > Ulster County > History of Ulster County, New York, with illustrations and biographical sketches of its prominent men and pioneers. Vol. I > Part 6
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" The third was very storinie : the wind at ca .:- north-cast. In the morning, in a gust of win I an I raine, wur anchor came home, and we droue un groun i. bet it was ozie. Then as we were about to haue out an anchor, the wind catne to the north. uorth-west, and drove vs of ngaine. Then we shot un anchor, and let it fall in four fathome water, and weighel the other. Wee had much wind and raine, with thicke weather, so we rode still all night.
"The fourth was faire weather, ani the win I at north-north-west. We weighed aud came out of the River into which we bad runne so farre. Within a while after, we eatde out alen of The great north of the great River that runneth up to the north west, borrowing vpou the northern side of the same, thinking to have deope water : for wee had soundel a great way with our boat at our first going in, and found seuen, six, au I live fathomes. So we came out that way, but we were deceived, for we had but eight foot and an halfe water : and so to three, five, three, and two fachowurs ani an halfe. And then three. fire, fiue, sixe, seven, eight, nine and ten fathomes. And by tweluo of the clocke we were elerre of all the in'et. Then we took in our Ist, aul set our mayne sayle and spirit sayle, and our top-say les, and Neverel away east-south-east, and youth cast by cast, off into the mayne sen : and the land en the souther side of the bay or itlet Jid beare at Fone west an I by south foure leagues from ve.
"The fft was faire weather, and the wind variable between the wirth and the east. Wee held on our exerce south-east by east. At. tone I observed and found our height to be 39 degrees 30 min., our wiupasse varied sixe degrees to the west.
" We continue our course toward England without seeing any land by the way, all the rest of this moneth ? Detober. And on the seuenth day of November, atily nour, being Saturday, by the grace of God. we safely arrived in the Range of Dartmouth, in Devonshire, in the yeere
Out of this voyage grew the settlement of the valleys of the Hudson and Delaware by the Dutch in the early years of the seventeenth century. Five years after Hudson's voyage, in the year 1614, a little fort was built at Rondout by the Dutch navigators who succeeded Hudson. This plating of a fort at Roadout was contemporaneous with the building of the forts at Albany and New York.
CHAPTER VIL.
THE EARLY SETTLEMENTS IN THE VAL- LEY OF THE HUDSON.
I .- EXPLORERS OF THE NORTH RIVER WHO SUCCEEDED HUDSON.
AFTER Henry Hudson had explored the river that still bears his name as far up as what is now Waterford in the month of September, 1609, and taken possession of the country in the name of Holland, in whose interest he had sailed, a number of Dutch adventurers soon followed his track. These navigators, however, at first made no attempt at settlement, but occupied themselves with making further discoveries along the coast and up the river and pursuing a small trade with the Indians. The most noted of these early Dutch navigators were Adrian Block, Hendrick Cor- stiarnsen, and Cornelius Jacobsen Mey.
Early in the antonin of 1613 news of their discoveries was received in Holland, and the United Company, by which they were employed, lost no time in taking the neces- sary steps to secure to themselves the exclusive trade and settlement of the country thus explored. They sent deputies to The Hague, who laid before the States-General a map of the new country, which was then for the first time called NEW NETHERLAND, with a report of their discoveries. In this report, notwithstanding their knowledge of the prior discovery of Henry Hudson in 1609, only five years before, they claimed to be the first explorers of the country.
On the 11th day of October, 1614, their High Mighti- ness the States-General of Holland made a special grant in their favor. This grant conferred upon Gerrit Jacub Witsen, former burgomaster of the city of Amsterdam, and his twelve associates, ship-owners and merchants of Ainster- damn, the exclusive right to "visit and navigate all the lands situate in America, between New France and Vir- ginia, the sea-coasts of which lie between the fortieth and forty-fifth degrees of latitude, which are now named New Netherlands; and to navigate, or cause to be navigated, the same for four voyages within the period of three years, to commence from the 1st day of January, 1615, or sooner." Having thus obtained the exclusive right to trade in the new country, they assumed the name and title of " The United New Netherland Company." Thus having the cx- elusive right to the country, this company took possession of the Hudson River, tlen called by them " De Riviere van den Vorst Mauritius," and built three posts thereon. One was built on a little island immediately below the present city of Albany, called Castle Island, which island has long since become a part of the mainland. Another was crected at the mouth of the stream, on what is now the Battery, in the city of New York.
II .- RONDOET.
The third was a little redoubt or fort at the mouth of the Rondour Kill, on the site of what was the village of Ron- dout, now a part of the city of Kingston. This little fort was known as the " Ronduit," from whence comes the nane Rondout .*
@ Brodhead's History of New York, vyl. i. p. 7.
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28
HISTORY OF ULSTER COUNTY, NEW YORK.
We quote the following from the unpublished history of Mr. Hasbrouck, showing what he had gathered on this post : " In the year 1616, Capt. Coruchs Hendricksen, in com- mand of the Beatless' ( Onrust"). a shallop of sixteen tons burden, the first vessel built in the State, visited the Deis- ware River and . traded for and bought of the inhabitants, the Minques, three persons, being people belonging to this company, which three persons were employed in the service of the Mohaicks and Mohicans, giving for them kettles, beads, and merchandise."> Nothing further is known of the adventures of these mien. They probably reached the Delaware either through Delaware County or the Mamakat- ing Valley.
" All the first visitors of New Netherland came for trade. The Hollanders were a trading people. Peltries were the aim of the West Indian traders. The Rondout and Mama- kating Valley furnished a natural outlet for an extensive country. The Minque tribe brought their furs by this road to the North River. Then, again, the Ksopus Creek and Wall Kill made a natural ontlet for all the trapping regions of their tributary streams, which the Indians of the Esopus used with ease and profit. It was natural, then, for the Dutch merchants to establish a bartering or trading post at the mouth of the Rondout.
" The States-General of Holland, February, 1665, as- serted, . It is more than fifty years since we are in possession of Forts Orange and Esopas.'t Moulton says some farmers settled here in 1017. Thomas F. Gordon fixed the date of occupation at 1616. In the spring of 1623 'the ship " New Netherland1," having on board some Walloon emi- grants, when " as far as Sops" bad her draft lightened with some boats that were left there by the Datech that had been there the year before, a-trading with the Indians on their own accounts, and gone back again to Holland.'# The preceding year a large trathe was maintained with the Indians of Esopus by means of boats and shallors.' In July, 1637, one Jacobsen, of Rensselaerwyck, hid at Esopus to avoid a fine of twenty beavers. These facts show that this section was known and explored at a very early date, but there is not certain proof of any permanent settlement. . De Vries, on his way up to Fort Orange, wrote. April 26, 1640. . At right came to Dans Kamer ( Dive Chamber), where there Was a party of In-hans, who were very role as seeking only mischief, so that we were on our guard.' #27th. We came to Esopus where a creek rune in, and there the Indians had! some maize land, but it was stony.' On his return down the river, May 4th, he speaks again in about the same lan- guage, adding, ' Cyou which some Indians live. The next day he saw some savages fishing at Dans Kamer.'S
" Isolated settlements may have been made at an carlier date than the records indicate. There were those then, as now, who seemed more at home among savages than with civilized men. This class would locate and build a but in the wilderness, clear and cultivate a patch of maize, and trust to their guns for meat. Klases De Ruyter, sometimes called ' Weather Cock,' a famous interpreter, was one of
$ Col. His. N. Y., i. I. + Ibil, i. 325. Hol. Doc., ix. 56 : D'C., i S. + In. Hist. N. Y., ili. 50. 2 Pro. N. Y. Itist. Soc., Al Series, vol. iii. p. s5.
these. At a very carly date he had a hut at Klein ( Little) Esopus, but how long he stayed or when he built there I have not learned. Probably he ouly located during the trapping season to be near the beaver-dams of the Little Esopus Kill, Black Creek, and other streams that flow from the swamps of Lloyd, Esopus, New Paltz, and Plattekill.
" During the Indian war of 1643 some Christians were killed among the Wappingers, on the opposite side of the river. They may have been squatters or traders, or may, perhaps, have been murdered while passing up or down the river. By the Albany and Esopus records one Pietersen must have lived at Saugerties contemporary with the settle- ment of E-opus, if not prior to that period. Ilis Christian name was Jacob, cognomen of a rough, hardy, bold, super- stitious man.
" The nearest settlement antedating that of the town of Kingston of which we have an authentic record was ' Kats- kill.' During the year 1643, Adriaen Van der Donck, sheriff of the patroon of Rensselaerwyck, ambitious of becoming a landed aristocrat, undertook to buy the Indian title to this section, and engaged settlers for his estate. Killiaen Van Rensselaer was highly incensed at this in- dependent procedure of his liegeman, and took possession of it himself, claiming no one bad a right to buy within eight miles of his estate without his consent. Aug. 22, 1646, Cornelius Van Slyck obtained a patent for it. Van Slechtenhorst, director for the former, waged a war of words about it, and settled a plantation' there. Either through these would-be lords or a desire to be independent, some few families had, in the mean time, fixed their homes on the banks of the Catskill Creek, and thus began the nearest settlement to Esopus. Harmen Vedder, Jan Dirck- sen, of Bremen, Jan Jansen, of the same place, and Peter Tennisen were among them.
" Classical scholars will readily recognize Esopus as the Latin for _Esop, father of the fables. The Netherlandish tongne letters it in the same way. Many have insisted it is from the Lenape word ' Seepui,' or ' Sevpee,' ' a river,' and that it was applied to the locality because its streams formed the channel of communication with the upper waters of the Delaware. So, by way of eminence, it was called . the river;' then this was changed to Esopus. This interpre- tation is so strained that scarcely any one will esterm it probable. Dominie Magapolensis wrote, 1656: 'About eighteen miles up the North River, half-way between the Manhattans and Rensselaer or Beaverwyck, lies a place called by the Dutch, Esopus, Sypous; by the Indians, At- karkorton. It is an exceedingly beautiful country.' Here, then, we have both a Christian and savage name for the same locality. One anthor renders it 'steep coast, or high- walled banks.' We are sure it was the name given by the savages to all the section between Catskill and the High- lands, and that is all we know of it. The country about the head- waters of the Delaware and west of Esopus the Dutch called ' The Land of Bacca.' "
IIL-THE WEST INDIA COMPANY.
Bat the rights of the " The United New Netherland Company" expired by limitation in the year 1618, and were not renewed.
29
EARLY SETTLEMENTS.
On the 3d of June, 1620. the States-General passed a formal patent under their great seal incorporating the ". West India Company." This company was invested with enormous powers. Inthe name of the States-General it might make contracts and alliances with princes and na- tives, build forts, administer justice, appoint and discharge governors, soldiers, and publie officers, and promote trade.
The government of the company was vested in five sep- arate Chambers of Managers,-one at Amsterdam, man- aging four-ninths; one at Middlebergh, in Zealand, two- ninths; one at Dordrecht, on the Maeze, one-ninth; one in North Holland, one-ninth; and one in Friesland and Gron- ingeu, one-ninth.
General executive power for all purposes, except in case of declaration of war, was intrusted to a board of nineteen delegates, called the " College of the XIX."
The term of the patent was for twenty-four years from the Ist day of July, 1621. Within the charter of this powerful company New Netherland was included.
The Fatherland was now prepared to send permanent settlers to people the wilderness of the valley of the Hud- son.
IV .- BUILDING OF FORT ORANGE.
Early in the year 1623 the Amsterdam chamber of the West India Company equipped a strip, called the " New Netherland," of two hundred and sixty tons burden, for the settlement of the New Netherlands. On board of this ship came thirty families of migrants, mostly Walloons.
The " New Netherland" sailed from Texel early in March, and arrived in May at the North River.
Ou the west shore of the river, just above Castle Island, on which Fort Nassau was built in 1614, " a fort with four angles, named Orange," which had been projected the year previous, was at once thrown up and complied.
la the year 1622 some families of Walloons, then settled at Amsterdam, applied for permission to emigrate to Amer- ica and establish a colony to be governed by magistrates of their own election.
About eighteen families of these Wallons, under Adrien Joris, in the summer of 1623, settled themselves around Fort Orange, and passed the winter there. This was the foundation of the city of Albany. The manor of Rens- siherswick was not planted until 1630.
lu 1624, Cornelius Jacobson May was formally installed in his office of first director of New Netherland under the Durch West India Company ; but his administration lasted only a year. His successors were William Van Hulst, in 1621; Peter Minuet, in 1626; Wouter Van Twiller, in 1633; William Kieft, in 1638; and Petrus F. Stuyvesant, the last of the Dutch Governors of New York, was suc- reeded by the first English Governor, Richard Nicolls, Sept. 8, 1664.
V .- LARLY LAAND-GRANTS.
The following is a list of the early land-grants in Vister County, with the date of the patents and names of the latentees respectively :
1 . 6, Twee. 3 .- Ebbing. Jeronimus, 1000, con. Kingston.
16.7, April 15,-Hall, Thomas, & Bayard, Petrus, con, 260, Kingston. 1667, April 15 .- Hall, Thomas, & Heymans, con. King.
1667, Apri! 15 -Varlet, Nicholos, & Hall, Thomas, 2 lotz, Hurley.
1667, April 27 .- Schuyler, Philip Pieters, con. Hurley.
1667, June 18 .- Blanchar Matthew, let, con. Hurley. =
Kingston. 1667, June 27 .-- Chambers, Thomas, lot, Kingston.
1657, Juve .- Wynkoop, Cornelis, 24, flurley.
1667, Ang. 5 .- Hnyherts, Lambert, IS, con. Kingston.
1667, April 25 .- 18 & 50 con. Hurley.
1667, July 23 .- Swartwout, Roeloff, con. Hurley.
1665, April 29 .- Tommasseu, Jan, 18, 48, Hurley,
1667, May 24 .- Westphacl, 56 & lot, Kingston.
1695, Aug. 15 .- Ashfordby, Widow Martha, & 5 daughters, Susan, ~ Mary, Ann, & Cath., & Hellen, Marbletown.
1686, Oct. 1 .- Broadhead Daniel, & broth., Marbletown.
1694, March .- Bogard, Hendrick Cornelis, Marbletown.
1694, Aug .- Broadhead, Chas., Marbletown.
1688, Sept. 11 .- Crom, Gysbert, Mar.
1586, March 21 .- Cook, John, Bit of Fisher, Marbletown.
1667, June 28 .- Wyukoop, Cornelis, Hurley.
1667, July 23 .- Barrents, Cornelis, W. Kingston.
1667, May 21 .- Chambers, Thom., several lots, Kingston.
1867, May 23 .- Hendrix, Mary, & Children, Kingston. May 21 .-- =
= 1669, Aug. 3 .- Stuyvesant, Peter, 31, Hurley.
« 2 lots, Kingston.
1677, Sept. 20 .- Dubois, Louis, Deyo, Christian, Hasbroceqe, Abm .. Lefever, Andries, Broceqe. Jan, Deyo. Peter, Bevier, Laurens, Crespel !. Anthony, Dubois, Abin., Freer, Hugo, Dubois, Isaac, and Lefever, Sinon, New Paltz, 4, 234.
1669, June 27 .- Miller, Peter Cornelisse.
1650, March 25, 1 .-- Davis, George, Minnisinek. 2 .- "
.. Esopus.
1680, March 25 .- Fleet, Gerritse, Ariaen, 46, Rochester.
1680, July .- 30, Rondout.
1680 .-. 30 to 40, Fall of Itedout.
1667, June 17 .- Crespel, 16. Hurley.
1667, June 27 .- Blanshan, Matthias, Kingston village.
1667, June 27 .- Chambers, Thou., suiall lot, Kingston.
1667, May 7 .- Dubois. Louis, 16 and 24, Hurley.
1367, May 2 .- Vulekent, Jan, 45, Hurley.
1667, April 25,-Gerritse, Goosen, 18, 48, and lot, Hurley.
1667, April 15 .- Hall, Thom., & Co., con. 10, Hurley.
1667. April 15 .- Varlett, Nicholas & Co .. Unrley.
16;0, Aug. 10. - Broadhead, Anne, 100, Marbletown.
1676, July 15 .- Maud, Clinton, 10, Marbletown.
1676, Oct .-- Hall. George, Lieur., Mar. .
1669, Sept .- Aertser. Cornelys, King.
1675, Oct. 15 .- Hoogeboon, Corulyx, Kingstou.
1676, May .- Kester, Job., Teet, Sam., Notingham, Wm., Marble- town.
1675, Oct. 26. -- Roose. Heymar Albertse, Hurley.
1475, Oct. 20 .- Dabois, Louis, Inrley.
1677, Oct. 8 .- Ruttgertse, Jacob, Rosendale.
1691, Sept. 15 .-- Van Camp, John, Brewerson, Jacob, Sr., Jacob, Jr., and Cornelysen, Evertse, John, and Win. John/tou, Shaw., 6, 464, 451.
1650, Sept. 11 .-- Grabain, James, and son, Delavall, John, Gardner.
1650, Sept .- Beek, Anna, and her children, Peter, William, Tillman, Alike, and Deborah, 400, War.
1686, Oct. 26 .--- llenry Beckman, 600, Rosendale; 200, Esopus; 18, Kingst'u.
1680, Dec. 30 .- Demyre, Wm., Matthyson, John & Mathias, Sanger- ties.
1680, Dec. 3 .- Van Cortland, Stephanus, & his wife, Joanna, widow of Geo. Davis, Kingston.
1685, Nov. 9 .- Dumont. Waldron, Hurley.
16×6, Ang .-- Haines, Win., Saugerties.
1680, Der. 30 .- Batergan, Henry, & Hendrix, Harman, Kingston, Assinick.
1685, March 21 .- Beckwith, Leonard, 290, Rochester.
1691, May 11 .- Dewitt, Tjerek Claesen, 200, Rochester.
1650, July 20 .- Staets, Jochem, Warwasinck.
1657. Feb. 28 .- Fullerton, Rob. Wanton, Saugerties. 1686, Feb. 22 .-- Floyd, Thom., Ani, Shawangunk.
1687, May 31 .- Meals, Go., & Hays, Rich .. , 11947, Saugerties. 1676, Oct. 2 .- Hussey, Fredrick, 50, Highfalls.
30
HISTORY OF ULSTER COUNTY, NEW YORK.
1676, O.t. 2 .- Ashfordby, Win. 104, Marbletown.
1691, March 15 .- John Ward, 100, Coxsieck ; purchase of indians, In-0.
1684, Det. 28 .- Gisturtse, Gerrit, Kingston.
1666, Oct. 25 .- P.[wling, Heury, 300, Hurley and Marbletown; 144, Auchmoody, Rosendale.
1686, Oct. 28 .-- Jost. John, 200, Hurley.
1686, Oct. 28 .- Allants, Wyntje, willow of Albert Hymans, & her children, Arian Heymans, John Rose, Aika Kierstead, May Johosun, & Neilka Pauling.
1686, Aug. 26 .- Rutzen, Jacob, 395, Rosendale; bought Oct. 8, 1677, 210), Rosendale; 16 meadow; 300, War. 5, 523.
1657, June 27 .- Cornelisen, J., grants, Hurley.
1623, Nov. 7 .- Crispell, Anthony, 52,035, Hurley.
1663 .- Minister, New Dorp.
1693, Dre. 16 .- Abrams, Ryck, Jankenter, Hook Highland.
1494 .- Houtel, John, Hurley.
1687, Det. 25 .- Knight, John. 3090, (a.) (ab) 3, 1398, Warwasinek.
TGS8, Cet. 1 .- Fisher, Willinu. B. P. 3, 35%, Rosende & Esopus; also a lot in Kingston.
1685, March D .- Huyberte, Lumbert, 21 (a.).
1655, Mare !: C .- Heyman , Wyrtje Allirls, 229 (a.), Hurley, Great. jivee.
1686, March 14 .- Hendrix. Roelof, honse and lot, S. of Hurley, near mill-dam, 24 (a.), Monnbakkus.
1717, July 11 .- Harrison, Francis, Tatham, Mary, Braine, Tho., Graham, Jus., Marshall, John, Ivb fa.) cach, New Burgh; Gullis, " The Gerinan Joiner," bas 300 (a.) here, & Johnson, Peter, 300, New Burg. 8. 56.
1716, Feb. 25 .- Baird, Alexander, Van Vleeque, Abm., & Johnsou, Harinan, 600 (a.) W. of Palatines, New Burg, S, 110.
1714, Feb. 10 .- Morris, Lewis, Graham, Angustine, Jr., Clark, Simon, 8. 275; Willman, Henry, Boud, Wu., Rayuer, Henry, & Griggs, Alex, 8000 (a.), Marlborough.
1720, July 25 .- Beekman, Gerardus. Van Dam Rip, Philipze, Adol- pues, & Peartree Ana, 210 & 776 a. in Shawangink.
1719, Nov. 20 -Bruyn, Jacobus, 2 Lots, 500 & 200, Shawangunk.
1:19, March 17 .- Brazier, Thom. 2000 ;a.), Moatgourery.
1720, July 7 .~ Boot, Wo., do a.y, Platt kill.
1720, July 7 .- Harrison. Francis, & 2others, 5000, Montgomery.
1:03, April 29 .- John Bridges & 11 others, Wawagan ta.
1709, March 24. - Beckman, Geor-ins, Vandam, Rip, Philipse, Adol- plius, Brist, Gariet, VHerberny, Servas, & Devere, Daniel, 2000, Shawanzank.
1709, May 24 .-- Peartree, Win., Vandan. Rip:, Philipse. Adolphus, Beekman, Gerardus, Vernoye, Hendrich, Deljve, Abr., Clearwater, Tunis. Jacobsen. - , Clearwater, Jacob, 400g. Shawangank.
170, March 23 .- Vanduo, Rip. Philipse. Adolphus, Provoost, David, Jr., Lyons, Lancaster, Joues, Thon., Johusson. Lawrence, 3500, Shawangunk.
1709. March 24 .- Barberie, Peter, 2000, Shawangunk.
1712, June 12 .- Bond, Win., Gvo, Marl.
1712, June 16 .- Batron J. L. : & Jaro' brayr, 3710. Shawat gunk.
1712, Jute 20, -Wilroman. Henry, & Van Bace. Henry. 3000. Wollen. 1701, April Is .~ Saunders, Robert & Thomas, Bush, Johannes, Sharp, War., & Cientor. Joseph, Sven, que. Wallen.
1701, April 13 .- Provost, David, Depoyster, Johr, Clarkson, Matthew Saun Jers, Robet, 1500. Loy J.
2 lots. This was a grant in New Paltz, Pr.
1704, Aug. 28 .- Ling, Mat., Wilson, Elin'er, French, Philip. Van- denbergh, Direk, Delaney, Stephen, Kakeby. Philip, Corbett, John, Henan, Daniel, Cooper, Caleb, Harps, Win., Milward, Robert, Wenham, Them., Lancaster, Sym-, Persons, John, Atke, Benj., Bayard, Petrus, Cholwell, John, Fanconier, Peter, Swift, Henry, Tenyck, Hlenry, Marshall, Jarvis, Brilzes, Anne (wilow of John Bridges), & George Clark, Minni-inch, P. I. P., 1, 260. 1713, April 19,-Alexander, James, 200, Monty.
1715, June 30 .- Hugo I'reer, Sr., Freer, Hugo, Jr., I-ade and Thouuns, 300 each.
1897, Det. 11 .- Jacob Co-lebeek, Swartwout, Tho., Anthony, and her- nardus, Tyse, Jan, Giaar, Peter, and Jameson, Dan., Wagaghe- n.eck.
1712 .-- Graham, Augustine, Grigz, Alex , 1209 (a.), Marl.
1710, June 4 .~ Gabatine, David, Wallen, Thin (a.). 1719, Jan. 22 .- Balchouse, Ed., Logo, Wallen.
1711, Feb. 10 .- Morris, Lewis, Graham, Angustine, five others, 3600 (a.), Marlborough.
1719, Nov. 20 .- Hardenbergh, Johannis, 2 lots, Shawangunk, 200 audl 400.
1721, Jan. 26 .- Garland, Thom, 2000 (a.).
170%, Sept. 19 .- Cool, Cornils, Gerritse, Adrian, Tenych, Matthias. Dubois, Jacobus, Schepmoes, Johannes, Swartwout, Roelof, Lam- mestre, Cornelius, Pisterre, Pieter, Oosterhout, Lawrence, New- kirk, Jannitie, Kingston.
1722, Aug. 1 .-- Debois, Stephen, 1000, Gardner; 1000, Verkeerder Kill, Shawangunk.
1719, April. - Colden, Cadawalder, 2000, Orange Co.
1720, Oct. 17 .-- Kip, Jacobus & Co., 7000, near Orange Lake.
1726, June 1 .- Bradley, Richard, Jerow, Wm., 4000, Plattekill.
1727. Sept. 1 .-- Bradford, Wm., 2000, Plattekill.
1729, May 27 .- Bra.lley, Rich., Jaimson, Win., 4 tracts, Welden. Plattekill, Shaw., Mont.
1708, April 20 .- Hardenbergh, Johannis & Co., Del., Ulst., and Green. 1727 .- Sacket, Jos., and Hazard, Nathan, Shawangenk.
1715, Ang. 11 .- Kenedy, Archibald, 1200 (a.), Marl. ; 800, Shaw.
1604, Sept. S .- Sluyter, Claus, 208, Rochester.
1728, Apr. 12 .- Marshall, Andries, 300, Plattekill; Spratt, John. 1260, New Burgh.
CHAPTER VIIL.
THE PLANTING OF WILTWYCK, NOW KINGSTON.
I .- THE COMING OF THE FIRST PERMANENT SETTLERS.
THE history of Kingston will be given in full in a suc- ceeding chapter. The coming of the first settlers ant the laying out of the village by Governor Stuyvesant will be all that is attempted in this and the next chapter. We again quote, and this time liberally, from Mir. Hasbrouck's uppub. lished history of Ulster :
" Prior to 1650 few, if any, settlements of independent farmers were made in any part of New Netherland. The emigrants usually came out under the patronage of the pro- prietors of the large estates, and were of a class too poor to start themselves in any pursuit. The Dutch settle :: of the whole colony were generally the poorest and most illiterate of the provinces of Holland,-those people who had nothing to lose and everything to gain by emigration. The middle and wealthy classes of the Netherlands did not have the same motive that drove their equals from their homes in other countries; for, indeed, by the wisdom of William the ' Silent,' of Oldeubarnvelt, aided by the military genius of Maurice, as well as the stout hearts of her admirals, these little provinces had achieved their independence and founded a government on tolerance. In other lands either the Catholic drove the Protestant from his old home to strange climes because of his opinions on the questions of faith, as the French did the Huguenot, or the Protestants themselves persecuted dissenters and Catholics alike, and forced them to fly for a more tolerant clime, as did the English to the Puritans of New England and the Ro- manists of Maryland. Because she was so free, Amster- dam was called ' a common harbor of all opinions, of all heresies.' Holland was 'a cage of unclean birds,'-'all strange religions flock thither.'* The bigots of all cona- tries approbriously called it the ' home of all sorts of isms'
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