USA > New York > Oswego County > Landmarks of Oswego County, New York > Part 33
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There is little to add to what has already been written in Chapter XII on the war period, 1861-65. The city was the headquarters of military affairs for the whole county, and among the leading fam- ilies were many patriotic men and women who performed well their share in the great struggle for the maintenance of the Union with the same zeal and self-sacrifice which characterized the valorous deeds of the soldiers in the field. All this has been adequately described. Os- wego city sent to the front 873 soldiers, many of whom rose to emi- nence in the various organizations, and very many more never returned to their friends, or came back maimed and crippled.
The commercial treaty between Canada and the United States, be- fore alluded to, which had been largely instrumental in advancing the material prosperity of the city, was abrogated in 1866. To supplement
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this came the reduction of tolls on the Erie Canal by fifty per cent in 1872, and their final abolishment in 1882, than which no measure could have been devised that would have been more disastrous to the com- merce of Oswego, diverting as it did the vast commerce from the upper lakes and the West at Buffalo to the free waterway, while such vessels as passed through the Welland Canal for Lake Ontario, were forced to pay a heavy toll.
The necessary steps were taken in 1866 to build a new bridge at Utica street Requisite legislation having been procured, the city un- dertook the work, and the present substantial iron structure was finished in 1868 at a cost of $100,000. An effort was made to secure State aid for the maintenance of the bridge, but it was not successful.
The population of the city in 1870 was 20,910, indicating a slower growth; but during the succeeding five years there was a considerable increase, the census of 1875 giving the number as 22,428, the highest figures ever reached.
A charter amendment of April 15, 1870, divided the city into eight wards, with boundaries (slightly changed in 1881-) as shown on the later city maps. The number of aldermen from each ward was continued as before, making sixteen in the board. This number was reduced to eight by act of February 25, 1887. An act of April 20, 1870, author- ized the Common Council to borrow not to exceed $60,000, with which to pay the city indebtedness to March 1, 1870, bonds for the amount to be issued, and an annual tax levied to gradually retire the bonds. May 3, 1877, further similar legislative authority was conferred to bor- row $.50,000, and on May 27, 1885, by another act, authority was given to borrow $60,000.
A circular published by the Board of Trade, prepared by H. C. Still- man, gives the following list of elevators in the city with their capacity in 1872 :
Northwestern, Irwin & Sloan, capacity 450,000; Marine, Mollison & Hastings one- half and George Ames one-half, capacity 150,000 ; Merchants', B. Hagaman one-half, Penfield, Lyon & Co., one-half, capacity 220,000; Columbia, Moses Merick and Jesse Hoyt, capacity 200,000; Washington, Penfield, Lyon & Co., capacity 250,000; Corn Exchange, C. C. Morton one third, Delos De Wolf one-sixth, C. G. Harger & Son one- half, capacity 220,000; Continental, W. H. Herrick one-third, Delos De Wolf one- sixth, E. Root one-sixth, John R. Noyes one-sixth, capacity 225,000; Reciprocity, Che-
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ney Ames, capacity 130,000 ; Empire, Jenkins & Doolittle, capacity, 90,000; Lake Ontario, Howlett, Lathrop & Co., capacity 120,000. Total capacity, 2,055,000 bushels. Of all these elevators, only the Northwestern is now standing and in use. The Reci- procity, Empire and Lake Ontario were burned July 24, 1879 ; all the others May 20, 1892.
The topography of Oswego, with its situation on high ground on either side of the river, has contributed to give it excellent drainage ; for which and other reasons, no complete system of sewerage was estab . lished until 1871, when Thomas Evershed, a capable engineer, was authorized to make a map for a sewer system. Since that year very considerable additions have been made to the sewerage of the city, and at the present time there is little to be desired in this respect. In 1876 extensive amendments were made to the city charter. In the following year by act of April 14, a Board of Public Works was created, with provision for the election of four commissioners, two from each side of the river. The subsequent labors of this board have been on modern lines and with material results.
The present substantial iron railroad bridge across the river was con- structed in 1876, the first train passing over it on April 14, of that year. It was constructed under a charter of 1872 to the Oswego Railroad Bridge Company.
In 1880 the population of the city had fallen off slightly to 21, 116, since which date there has been a slight increase. In 1892 the figures were 21,842.
One of the most disastrous fires that has ever visited this city occurred on May 20, 1892, sweeping away six large mills and elevators and causing a loss of about $300,000. The property destroyed comprised the Washington Mills, the Columbia Mills and elevator; the Mer- chants' Elevator, owned by W. D. Smith's estate and W. D. Matthews ; the Corn Exchange Elevator, owned by Gaylord, Downey & Co .; the Marine Elevator, owned by the Oswego Starch Factory ; and the Con- tinental Elevator. The character of the buildings consumed in this fire, the immense timbers and other wood work of which they were con . structed, aud their dry condition, after having stood many years, ren- dered the conflagration one of the most impressive and destructive ever seen in the city. None of this burned district has yet been rebuilt.
The chief causes of the decline in business and values of real property
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in Oswego have been alluded to. The city saw its highest prosperity during a few years at about 1870, and the lowest ebb was, perhaps, about 1885. At the present time there are evidences of a brighter future. In 1893, largely through the instrumentality of Oswego men, the tolls on the Welland Canal were reduced about one-half, and there is a fair prospect of a still further reduction or their entire extinction. The consequences of this change were promptly apparent ; an occa- sional great vessel loaded with grain began to appear on Lake Onta- rio with Oswego harbor as her destination, and during the season of 1894, several cargoes came in from the West, among them that of the Lewiston, which arrived October 28, consisting of 75,000 bushels of barley from Duluth, the largest cargo that ever came into the port. Regarding this cargo the Palladium of corresponding date made the following statements :
We refer to the fact with evident pride, because it is a striking evidence of Oswego's increased facilities for handling large traffic and her ability to compete with Buffalo. We are able to do this because of the deepening of our harbor and the improvement in our elevator service. Two years ago a cargo of 55,000 bushels of barley came to Perot & Sons. The then depth of water would not permit the steamer to go to the elevator and nearly half the cargo had to be unloaded in lighters. Yesterday the Lew- iston carrying 75,000 bushels, found plenty of water and went up to the elevator with- out the slightest difficulty, where she is to-day being unloaded.
We trust that the coming of the Lewiston is but the beginning of a larger trade in this line and which we feel certain would come to us instead of stopping at Buffalo, were it not for the burdensome tolls on the Welland Canal. The people of Oswego have earnestly urged in the past that the Welland should be as free to our vessels as the Soo Canal is to Canadian vessels. Their efforts should be continued to this end. There has been some improvement in the matter of discrimination, but there is alto- gether too much of it yet. The freedom of the Welland Canal will fill our harbor with boats like the Lewiston.
The large and increasing malting interest of the city demands im- mense quantities of barley, and at the same time there is encouragement to believe that with the hoped-for early reductions in Welland Canal tolls, wheat will again come to Oswego with something like the old- time abundance, and here be ground in mills yet to be built.
In other respects also, the future of Oswego looks brighter than it has before in twenty years past. Through efforts of her leading citi- zens, who realize that if the city can be made the seat of large manu- 42
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LANDMARKS OF OSWEGO COUNTY.
facturing industries, renewed growth and prosperity are sure to follow, several large manufacturing establishments have been located here and others which are seeking sites with good shipping facilities, water power, etc., are looking in the same direction. The city certainly pos- sesses all the requisites necessary in a large manufacturing and trade center-healthful surroundings, unlimited water power, extensive rail- road, lake and canal connections, a school system unexcelled in the State, a high level of morality, and social life, with a class of citizens in every way equal to the task of establishing and maintaining a prosperous busi- ness community.
City Hall .- The first public hall in the village of Oswego was built by the village in 1835-6, at a cost $13,247.13. While the village con- tinued it was known as Market Hall. On the incorporation of the city it became known as, and was used as, the City Hall and so con- tinued until the present City Hall was erected. The present City Hall was erected in 1869-70, at a cost of about $100,000. It is built of Onondaga limestone, three stories in height, with mansard roof, and is architecturally a handsome structure. In the lower story is the city police cells and offices ; on the second floor the offices of the various departments of the city government, while the upper floor is devoted to the offices of the Board of Education and the Council Chamber.
A tablet in the main hall of the building is inscribed as follows :
CITY HALL
CORNER-STONE LAID JUNE 21, 1870.
Hon. Alanson S. Page, Mayor.
Alderman Morgan M. Wheeler, Alderman Charles Doolittle, Alderman George Goble, Alderman John Edland, Alderman John Ratigan, Alderman James H. Murdock, Alderman William Blackwood, Alderman Aaron Colnon, Building Committee.
H. N. White, Architect.
Henry W. Seeber, Julius A. Seeber, Master Builders,
John Ratigan, Anthony Culkin, Michael Culkin, Master Masons.
James Randall, Thomas Nesdall, Stone Cutters.
An act of the Legislature passed May 6, 1872, authorized the Com- mon Council of the city to borrow $40,000 on city bonds, with which to pay off the indebtedness on the City Hall.
The City Poor .- Previous to the year 1866 the poor of the city were
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under the immediate care of an overseer of the poor, a plan which eventually caused a good deal of dissatisfaction, particularly on account of the heavy expense attending it. The subject was discussed in the public press and by leading citizens, and the agitation resulted in the establishment in the spring of 1866, of the Commission of Charities, consisting of four members. In 1868 the city purchased 136 acres of land, with some old farm buildings thereon, about three miles west of the city, and in the following year erected a brick structure of sufficient capacity for its purpose at that time, costing about $14,000. The original cost of the land was $65 an acre. In 1874-5 the buildings were considerably extended to meet increasing demands for inmates, at a cost of $13,000. The farm and buildings are now in excellent con- dition and every facility is provided for the humane care of the un- fortunate at a minimum cost. In 1886-7 steam heating, with ample water supply, was provided at a cost of about $1,300. The present value of the real estate is reported at $17,000. Total inventory 1894, $22,250.64. In 1895 there are forty-four inmates, equally divided in sex. Cost of maintenance varies from $1.45 to $1.70 per week for each person. Products of the farm, chiefly hay and butter, are sold each year to the amount of about $2,000. The Commissioners of Public Charity for 1894-5 are Chester Penfield and James Dunn, west side ; Joseph Longheway, and E. D. Stacy, east side. Edmund Kelly, clerk ; George M. Dunn, bookkeeper.
Hotels .- Mention has already been made of some of the very early public houses of Oswego and their proprietors. It will not be out of place here to record brief notes of some of those hotels of later date which became widely known and popular with the public. Most of these were built or established between 1840 and 1860, while others had a still earlier existence.
The Fitzhugh House, known for many years by this name, was known at first as the Oswego Hotel, and in later years as the Munger House. It was built in 1828 by Gerrit Smith and kept for a time by E. A. Huntley. The hotel portion was originally on the second and upper floors, with stores below which were occupied by Truman Wyman and Milton Harmon. In 1835 Moses P. Hatch purchased the hotel for $25,000, built the verandas and added a cupola, with other improve-
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ments. He sold it in the following year to a Mr. Baldwin for about $120,000, but the sale was not perfected, and the property again passed to Mr. Smith, who about 1855 sold it to O. G. Munger, an experienced landlord who had previously kept the Niagara House. Mr. Munger died November 12, 1877. The Fitzhugh House was demolished August 22, 1887, to make room for the new block of the Second National Bank.
The Niagara House just mentioned was the direct successor of the Rideau House, and stood on the site of the present Grant block. It was called the Franklin House during a period prior to its being named the Niagara, and had various proprietors. It was burned August 30, 1859, while in possession of Mr. Grant, and he built on the site the block yet known by his name.
The old Welland House was a very popular hotel and was the scene of many public gatherings. It was built by Joel Turrill on the corner now occupied by the Worts bakery and took its name from the then recently projected Welland Canal, from which Oswego hoped so much. It was occupied by various landlords from the time of its erection down to 1857 when, on May II, it was burned. Among its proprietors were William D. Stewart and Albert Bronson, the latter leasing it in June, 1855. Soon after 1857 the new Welland was erected, at the corner of West Second and Cayuga streets, and not serving its purpose as a hotel, it became the Normal School Boarding House.
The United States Hotel was built quite early on Seneca street, be- tween Sixth and Seventh streets. It was a commodious and con- venient structure, but on account of its distance from the active busi- ness center, or for other reasons, attained only a limited degree of patronage. It was burned December 22, 1841, but rebuilt soon after, and the site is now covered by the Normal School buildings.
A hotel on the east side that was well known in early years was the old Eagle Tavern, which stood on the site of the present Hamilton House. It was burned in 1853 and the present house was erected in 1855.
The Frontier House stood on Seneca street, between Water and First streets, west side, and was erected by a stock company and finished in 1854. It was then claimed (by the company at least) to be the leading hotel of the city.
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OSWEGO AS A VILLAGE AND CITY.
The well known Lake Shore Hotel was built by Myron W. Pardee in 1858, and was opened in the following year by S. W. Luce, who con- ducted it about one year. About the year 1874 the three-story part of the building was extended westward by the R. W. & O. Railroad Com- pany. The house has had many proprietors, the most prominent and successful being J. G. Bennett, now of the Doolittle House, who kept it about fifteen years, but not continuously, and left it the last time in 1886. The present proprietor of the house is C. E. Keyes, who took it on March 12, 1894, under a five-year lease. Mr. Keyes is a land- lord of wide experience and has already made the Lake Shore a favorite stopping place for the traveling public.
The Doolittle House was erected by Sylvester Doolittle and opened in 1874, with a public demonstration, by John E. Bowden. Mr. Doo- little had already developed the Deep Rock Spring, which is directly under the hotel structure, and hoped to make a great popular resort. The building is of brick, four stories in height, and one of the largest and most expensive hotel structures in Central New York. Mr. Doo- little expended nearly $250,000 in the project; but its success has never warranted the great outlay. J. G. Bennett succeeded Mr. Bowden as proprietor for about a year, after which it had various landlords until July, 1892, when Mr. Bennett returned to the proprietorship and so continues. The house is well kept and receives a large share of public patronage.
Civil list of Oswego Village and City .- 1828-President, Alvin Bronson ; treasurer, Thomas Willett; collector, John Howe; clerk, Edwin W. Clarke; trustees, Daniel Hugunin, jr., George Fisher, Nathaniel Vilas, jr., David P. Brewster, Theophilus S. Morgan, Joseph Turner, Orlo Steele; fire wardens, Henry Eagle, Francis Rood, Thomas Ambler, William I. Kniffin.
1829-President, Daniel Hugunin; treasurer, Thomas Willett; collector, John W. Turner ; clerk, E. W. Clarke; Trustees, Elisha Carrington, Charles S. Phelps, Jehiel Clarke, George Fisher, Theophilus S. Morgan, Joseph Turner, Orlo Steele; fire wardens, same as 1828.
1830-President, Theophilus S. Morgan ; treasurer, Samuel Hawley ; collector, John W. Turner ; clerk, E. W. Clarke; trustees, Daniel C. Van Tine, Charles S. Phelps, Mat- thew McNair, Gideon H. Woodruff, Peter D. Hugunin, Joseph Turner, James Sloan ; fire wardens, Thomas Ambler, James Sloan, Henry Eagle, Nathaniel Vilas, jr.
1831-President, Edward Bronson ; treasurer, David P. Brewster; collector, Nor- man Ormsbee; trustees, Ulysses G. White, Walter W. White, Charles S. Phelps, Joseph
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LANDMARKS OF OSWEGO COUNTY.
Turner, Orial Davis, James Sloan ; fire wardens, John White, Wm. W. Van Horne, Stephen L. West, Sidney Clarke.
1832-President, Matthew McNair ; treasurer, D. P. Brewster ; collector, Philander Rathbone ; clerk, E. W. Clarke; trustees, Jacob N. Bonesteel, Richard L. De Zeng, George W. Burt, David Harmon, Thomas Ambler, Peter D. Hugunin, Geo. H. Mc- Whorter; fire wardens, Reuben G. Wellington, Jesse Bennett, Ebenezer Mason, John C. Ives.
1833-President, John Grant, jr .; treasurer, D. P. Brewster; collector, William H. Van Horne; clerk, E. W. Clarke; trustees, George Fisher, Davenport Rood, Russel Bunce, Geo. Deming, P. D. Hugunin, Peter Sken Smith, Orlo Steele ; fire wardens, J. N. Bonesteel, W. W. White, Ambrose Morgan, R. G. Wellington.
1834-President, John Grant, jr .; treasurer, D. P. Brewster ; collector, Asahel Haw- ley ; clerk, J. I. Fort; trustees, Moses P. Hatch, Dwight Herrick, Edwin C. Hart, Lucius B. Crocker, Cortland C. Cooper, James Lyon, John B. Edwards ; fire wardens, Samuel Crowley, John White, James F. Crouch, R. G. Wellington.
1835-President, Daniel W. Cole; treasurer, William F. Allen; collector, Philo M. Carpenter ; clerks, John Carpenter and E. W. Clarke ; trustees, Dwight Herrick, U. G. White, Francis Rood, Moses P. Hatch, Edwin C. Hart, Joseph Grant, Orlo Steele ; fire wardens, John C. Ives, Alfred Willis, George Willis, Philander Rathbone.
1836-President, George H. McWhorter ; treasurer, William F. Allen ; collector, William H. Van Horne; clerk, E. W. Clarke; trustees, U. G. White, D. P. Brewster, Francis Rood, Leander Babcock, Edwin C. Hart, John W. Turner, Henry Kitts ; fire wardens, Alfred Willis, Stephen L. West, Henry Eagle, Zeni D. Stevens.
1837-President, D. P. Brewster; treasurer, Dwight Herrick; collector, George L. Thomas; clerk, E. W. Clarke; trustees, William F. Allen, David Harmon, jr., William Lewis, sr., Moses P. Hatch, Orris Hart, Joseph Grant, Lewis Davis; fire wardens, Abraham A. Prall, James M. Crolius, Stephen L. West, Thomas Ambler.
1838-President, James Platt; treasurer, Richard L. Lawrence ; collector, George W. Wilson ; clerk, E. W. Clarke ; trustees, Thomas H. Bond, Charles McNully, Elisha S. Gillett, Cortland C. Cooper, Benjamin H. Wilber, James Lyon, James Sloan ; fire wardens, Henry S. Hotchkiss, John Cooley, Roland P. Crossman, Martin D Kellogg.
1839-President, Luther Wright; treasurer, John Cooley ; collector, Samuel Free- man; clerk, James Sloan ; trustees, Patrick H. Hard, William Duer, W. W. White, Baxter Townsend, Benjamin H. Wilber, John B. Edwards, R. P. Crossman ; fire war- dens, John McNair, Jerome Dutcher, George W. Wilson, Martin D. Kellogg.
1840 -- President, Abraham A. Prall ; treasurer, John Cooley ; collector, James M. Crolius; clerk, Chester Hull, jr .; trustees, Thomas H. Bond, James Platt, Leander Bab- cock, George Seeley, E. G. Hart, R. G. Wellington, Gideon H. Woodruff; fire wardens, John McNair, Nicholas Willis, William S. Himes, William P. Hovey.
1841 -- President, Luther Wright; treasurer, John Cooley ; collector, Lyman Fer- guson ; clerk, Chester Hull, jr .; trustees, R. P. Crossman, John C. Hugunin, George D. Ives, C. S. Phelps, Henry White, C. C. Cooper, Patrick H. Hard ; fire wardens, Elijah S. Stockwell, William S. Himes, Henry S. Hotchkiss, Elisha Carrington.
1842-President, A. A. Prall ; treasurer, Simeon Bates; collector, Heman Wilcox;
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OSWEGO AS A VILLAGE AND CITY.
clerk, David Harmon, jr .; trustees, George Seeley, John B. Leverich, Dwight Herrick, James Bickford, Joseph Grant, Stephen Bentley, Sardis Allen; fire wardens, E. S. Stockwell, W. S. Himes, Henry S. Hotchkiss, Elisha Carrington.
1843-President, George H. McWhorter ; treasurer, Simeon Bates ; collector, Henry Stowell; clerk, David Harmon, jr .; trustees, Dwight Herrick James Bickford, A. A. Prall, Daniel Lake, Joseph Grant, Stephen Bentley, Joseph Wilber; fire wardens, John D. Miller, Baxter Townsend, E. S. Stockwell, Lyman Ferguson.
1844-President, James Platt; treasurer, James Lyon; collector, Edwin Chase ; clerk, Stephen Luce ; trustees, Luther Pardee, Joel B. Penfield, Timothy Pitkin, P. H. Hard, Joseph Wilber, R. P. Crossman, George Ames ; fire wardens, Lyman Ferguson, E. S. Stockwell, Baxter Townsend, John N. Collins.
1845 -- President, James Platt ; treasurer, Alfred Mix ; collector, Elon Lankton ; clerk, John C. Hugunin ; trustees, D. P. Brewster, Asa G. Talcott, James M. Crolius, Hiram Davis, Ziba D. Baker, Morgan R. Frost John W. P. Allen; fire wardens, John B. Leverich, Richard Carrier, Thomas F. Crouch, Peter McCanna.
1846- President, James Platt; treasurer, Isaac L. Merriam ; collector, Elon Lankton ; clerk, Matthew McNair; trustees, James Lyon, Joseph Wilber, John C. Hugunin, Stephen H. Lathrop, Cyrus Carrier, Samuel B. Johnson, De Witt C. Littlejohn ; fire wardens, Thomas Dobie, James Burt, jr., Baxter Townsend, Peter McCanna.
1847-President, D. C. Littlejohn ; treasurer, James Lyon; collector, Abram Swartz ; clerk, Matthew McNair; trustees, Samuel B. Johnson, Albert Crane, Philo Bundy, Charles S. Witherel, John L. Lake, Isaac L. Merriam, John W. P. Allen ; fire wardens, Adin Allard, Daniel Thornton, George W. Burt, John Cooley.
City Officials and Supervisors from the City .- 1848-Mayor, James Platt; recorder, Orville J. Harmon; clerk, John M. Casey ; city attorney, Levi Beardsley ; treasurer, Isaac L. Merriam ; aldermen, first ward, Gilbert Mollison, Hunter Crane ; second ward, George S. Alvord, John Boigeol; third ward, Stephen H. Lathrop, Robert Oliver ; fourth ward, Samuel R. Taylor, William S. Malcolm ; supervisors, first ward, John McNair ; second ward, James Lyon ; third ward, Cyrus Carrier ; fourth ward, Simeon Bates.
1849-Mayor, De Witt C. Littlejohn; recorder, Orville J. Harmon ; clerk, John M. Casey ; attorney, Levi Beardsley ; treasurer, Wm. B. Buckhout ; aldermen, first ward, Gilbert Mollison, James M. Hart; second ward, George S. Alvord, Florello Meeker ; third ward, S. H. Lathrop, Cyrus Carrier; fourth ward, Samuel R. Taylor, Isaac L. Merriam ; supervisors, first ward, John McNair ; second ward, Alvin Osborne; third ward, Hamilton Murray ; fourth ward, Robert Simpson.
1850-Mayor, Leander Babcock; recorder, Orville J. Harmon ; clerk, John M. Casey; attorney, John C. Churchill; treasurer, Erastus P. Burt; aldermen, first ward, James M. Hart, Cortland C. Cooper ; second ward, Florello Meeker, Willis Sumner ; third ward, Cyrus Carrier, Robert F. Child; fourth ward, Isaac L. Merriam, Ezra M. Mead; super- visors, first ward, Joel B. Penfield ; second ward, Portius F. Parsons ; third ward, John Thurman ; fourth ward, James H. Lyon.
1851 -- Mayor, Samuel R. Beardsley ; recorder, Orville J. Harmon ; clerk, Moses P. Hatch ; attorney, De Witt C. Bancroft ; treasurer, Norman K. Whitney ; aldermen,
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LANDMARKS OF OSWEGO COUNTY.
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