USA > New York > St Lawrence County > Our county and its people : a memorial record of St. Lawrence County, New York > Part 42
USA > New York > St Lawrence County > Our county and its people: a memorial record of St. Lawrence County, New York > Part 42
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COLLEGE HALL.
As yet the means of the College of Letters and Science are too limited to provide for special scientific research. Its policy has been to furnish a thorough liberal education as a sound basis for further development in lines of culture or professional study. The
452
HISTORY OF ST. LAWRENCE COUNTY.
beneficial effect of its discipline is seen in the earnestness with which large numbers of the graduates continue their studies in professional schools, and at leading American and foreign universities. It is, however, greatly to be desired that adequate provision may be made for the erection and endowment of special chemical, physical and bio- logical laboratories and for instruction in the fine arts.
COLLEGE FIELD FROM THE WEST.
The library contains about 11,000 volumes, catalogued according to improved meth- ods, several thousand pamphlets, and a few valuable paintings and other works of art. It is open daily and is used constantly by the students and the public. Although it comprises many rare and costly books, including the Loveland collection and the library of the late Prof. Dr. C. A. Credner of the University of Giessen, rich in theological works, especially of the early decades of the sixteenth century, it has of late been de- pendent for accessions upon the gifts of friends, and its wants are manifold. Private libraries containing from 15,000 to 20,000 volumes are open to the students. Since the loss of the income formerly supplied by the generosity of Mr. S. C. Herring, the library has had for the purchase of books only the income of a fund of one thousand dollars, the gift of a friend who prefers to remain unknown. A fund of twenty-five thousand dollars is greatly needed. There are also several class-room reference libraries.
The university is admirably situated in a region at once attractive and remarkable for healthfulness, with spacious grounds on a hill overlooking the village of Canton, the shire town of St. Lawrence County. With abundant facilities for recreation, the students are peculiarly free from undue distraction in their work, and are prompted to industry by every legitimate incentive. The unavoidable temptations to vice and dis- sipation are here at a minimum, and are utterly discountenanced, not merely by the discipline of the college, but also by the general sentiment of the students and the neighborhood. The university buildings are University Hall, of brick, 45 x 100 feet,
453
THE TOWN OF CANTON.
four stories high, erected in 1856; Herring Library, a fireproof structure of Potsdam sandstone, with a capacity for 60,000 volumes, built by the late Silas C. Herring, of New York, in 1870; Fisher Hall, a substantial edifice of Canton marble, erected in memory of President Fisher by the alumni in 1882, for the use of the Theological School; and a president's house, of brick, erected by President Atwood in 1887. They stand in the middle of the college field, which is adorned with native trees and is ample for the future growth of the university.
The students maintain two public debating societies, one in each school, holding weekly meetings; an athletic association which holds an annual field day, and various boating, baseball, football and tennis clubs. There are three Greek letter societies and two brotherhoods which occupy comfortable club houses. The Laurentian Pub- lishing Company issues The Laurentian, a monthly undergraduate journal, devoted to the interests of the university. About forty free scholarships in the College of Letters and Science have been established in the various schools of St. Lawrence County and Northern New York, in the Clinton Liberal Institute at Fort Plain, and by private donors. The total necessary expenses of each student average from $175 to $300 per year. Many without means work their way through college by teaching and in other ways, and graduate free from debt. From the first, women have been admitted to all the privileges of the university, and number about one-fifth of its graduates.
The university has received no aid from the State since the first grant of $25 000. Its benefactors have been many. Among them may be mentioned Charles A. Ropes, of Salem, Mass., whose gift of $5,000 in 1865 saved the Theological School from sus- pension : Augustus C. Moore, of Buffalo, a charter trustee, who gave $30,000 to the Theological School; John Craig, of Rochester, from whose bequest each school received $25,000 in 1873 for the endowment of a Craig Professorship; Alvinza Hayward, of California, a native of Canton, who endowed the Hayward Professorship of Mathema- tics and Physics in the College with $30,000 in 1874; George A. Dockstader, of New York, who gave $10,000 to endow the Dockstader Professorship in the Theological School; Mrs. Lorena Bicknell, of Stockholm, who left $10,000 to the college in 1873 ; Thomas A. Goddard, of Boston, who left $3,000 to the Theological School; Miss Sarah A. Gage, of Hudson, who left $37,456 to the Theological School; Lester Taylor and Wife, of Fly Creek, who left $4,000 to the Theological School; Rev. William H. Ryder, D.D., of Chicago, whose bequest of $32,808.40, has already been mentioned ; Mrs. Abby M. Simmons, of Victor. who bequeathed $5,000 to the College in memory of her husband, the late Richmond Simmons, Esquire ; Dr. Joseph W. Clowes, of New York, who gave $5,000 to the College in a time of serious need ; the Hoyt and Wat- son families of Sennett, from whom it has received four different legacies; the late P. T. Barnum, who gave it $5,000, besides a bequest not yet received ; George C. Thomas, of Philadelphia, a generous friend, who gave the College $5,000; and the late David I. Stagg, of New York, under whose will the Theological School is to receive one-sixth of his residuary estate.
Previously to 1885 it was the practice of the trustees to pay the current expenses of the College of Letters and Science out of the funds, as the school had never been ade- quately endowed. It was the opinion of the then lately elected treasurer, Mr. George
454
HISTORY OF ST. LAWRENCE COUNTY.
Robinson, that this policy was unsound, and that an endowment should be obtained. Accordingly, in June, 1885, the corporation voted to expend no more of the funds for any purpose, and thereafter to confine the expenditure of the university to its income. At that time the funds of the College amounted to barely $50,000. The wisdom of this action is shown by the fact that they now (December, 1893) amount to over $165,000. A plan, suggested by the Treasurer, for raising a fund of $50,000 by means of interest-
INTERIOR OF LIBRARY.
bearing subscriptions, payable in five annual payments, was adopted. A vigorous can- vass was conducted by the officers and friends of the university, assisted by the county press, with such success that the sum of $50,508 was raised before November 30, 1887, without expense to the institution. About one-fourth of the whole sum was contrib- uted by alumni and considerably more than one-half by citizens of St. Lawrence County. The undergraduate students, many of whom were working their own way through college, gave upwards of $1,000. The names of the subscribers to this fund, over four hundred in number, are engrossed upon parchment and hang in Herring Library. Immediately thereafter the raising of another $50,000 was begun under the supervision of President Hervey, and was completed in 1889 by the gift of $25,000 by Columbus R. Cummings, Esquire, a native of Canton, now of Chicago, to establish the Cummings Professorship of Natural Science.
455
THE TOWN OF CANTON.
The property of the university may be summarized as follows :
ENDOWMENT FUNDS.
College of Letters and Science :
Alvinza Hayward Professorship
$30,000 00
John Craig Professorship 25,000 00
Joseph W. Clowes 5,000 00
Lorena Bicknell
10,000 00
Alumni
50,000 00
Richmond Simmons
5,376 16
George C. Thomas.
2,500 00
Columbus R. Cummings Professorship
25,000 00
Joseph Boardman Noble
250 00
Harriet Watson.
660 65
Phineas Taylor Barnum
1,000 00
Jeremiah Davis
1,000 00
Eliza M. Wight
1,000 00
Edward S. Hoyt
3,382 14
Rachel Hoyt
2,000 00
Other funds
3,030 05
$165,198 00
Theological School :
Charles A. Ropes.
$ 5,000 00
Augustus C. Moore
30,000 00
John Craig Professorship
25,000 00
George A. Dockstader Professorship
10,000 00
Thomas A. Goddard
3,000 00
Sarah A. Gage.
37,456 00
Lester Taylor.
4,000 00
William H. Ryder Professorship. .
32,808 40
David I. Stagg
5,018 61
Nancy Burton
1,000 00
Laura A. Davis
666 69
Other funds
91.91
$154,041 61
The Library :
Rich .
$900 00
Other funds
97 00
$997 00
Total Endowment Fund
$320,236 61
Buildings and grounds
100,000 00
Collections etc.
20,000 00
Total property of university $440,236 61
The foregoing estimate does not include legacies and gifts announced but not yet received.
456
HISTORY OF ST. LAWRENCE COUNTY.
The funds are nearly all invested in bonds and mortgages on real estate. About $31,000 are held in corporate bonds. The policy of the university is to keep entirely free from debt, to incur no expense until the means are provided for paying it. The endowment of the College of Letters and Science ought to be three or four times its present amount in order to provide for the present needs of the college. St. Lawrence is the only college in the State north of the line of the Erie Canal, and is situated at about the middle of a fertile belt with a population of over 350,000, to whose youth it offers the only means of obtaining a liberal education, without going a considerable distance from home. Probably nine-tenths of its graduates would never have gone to college had not St. Lawrence been at their doors. Upon the welfare and growth of the university the interests of higher education in this part of the State are largely dependent.
GENERAL SUMMARY.
The present teaching force is as follows :
College.
8
Theological School.
6
Officers of administration
5
Trustees.
23
The whole number of students in 1892-3 was :
COLLEGE.
THEOLOGICAL SCHOOL.
Graduate students. 17
Graduate students 2
Seniors
14
Seniors
8
Juniors
16
Middlers
16
Sophomores
29
Juniors
4
Freshmen.
39
Special.
19
Total
30
Total.
135
Whole number of students in university
165
The whole number of graduates is 514, classified as follows :
Dead.
Living.
Bachelors of Arts.
73
42
71
Bachelors of Science.
171
9
162
Bachelors of Philosophy
6
0
6
Bachelors of Laws.
15
4
11
Bachelors of Divinity.
10
0
10
Graduates in Theology
195
20
175
Civil Engineer.
1
0
1
Masters of Arts on examination.
4
1
3
Masters of Science on examination
4
0
4
Doctor of Philosophy on examination
1
0
1
Honorary Graduates
34
7
27
514
43
471
14
457
THE TOWN OF CANTON.
Among these, exclusive of honorary graduates, the learned professions are represented as follows :
Clergymen.
191
20
171
Teachers, including college presidents and professors
85
7
78
Lawyers.
57
7
50
Physicians
21
1
20
Civil Engineers.
3
0
3
Total.
357
35
322
BIBLIOGRAPHY.
Laws of New York, 8vo. Albany, 1857, chapter 91, Charter of St. Lawrence University ; 1857, chapter 350 Appropriation for College; 1868, chapter 133; 1869, chapter 288, special acts amending charter.
Manuscript Records of the Corporation. Canton. Folio. 1856-94.
A Discourse occasioned by Locating a Universalist Seminary in Canton, N.Y., delivered in the First Presbyterian Church, Sunday, April 6, 1856. By J. R. Hale. 8vo. Pp. 47. Boston, 1856.
A curious sermon in which subscribers to the fund for securing the proposed school, belonging to orthodox churches, are advised not to pay their subscrip- tions. By invitation of the First Presbyterian Church, President Hervey was inaugurated and the commencement exercises of the university were held in this church in 1889.
Act of Incorporation and By-laws of the St. Lawrence University, together with forms of contribution by subscriptions, bequests and devises, for the use of the same. New York. A. Taylor & Son, 1857. 16mo. Pp. 15.
The same. Canton. 1871. 16mo. Pp. 10.
Statement of Facts and Reasons in behalf of the Universalist Theological School at Canton, N.Y. Canton, 1860. 8vo. Pp. 13.
An interesting pamphlet prepared by Dr. Fisher, containing much informa- tion in regard to the early history of the school.
Laws and Regulations of St. Lawrence University. Canton. 12mo.
Circulars, with statement of Courses, etc. 1859, 1866, 1868, 1871. The earlier issued in lieu of a catalogue.
Annual Catalogues of the St. Lawrence University. Canton. 8vo. 1864. 1866. 1867. 1869-94.
Triennial Catalogues. Canton. 8vo. 1876. 1879. Quinquennial Catalogues. 1885. 1890.
The St. Lawrence Plaindealer. Weekly. Canton. Folio. 1856-94. The thirty seven volumes of this journal, issued since the founding of the university, contain almost weekly references to the institution, and form an invaluable record of its history and growth,
58
458
HISTORY OF ST. LAWRENCE COUNTY.
Scrap-books kept by the Beta Theta Pi fraternity. Canton. 4to. These contain news- paper clippings, programmes, and other printed matter of interest. At present in four volumes.
Annual Reports of the Regents of the University of the State of New York. Albany. 8vo. 1857-94.
The St. Lawrence University. Harper's Weekly. New York, December 5, 1868. With woodcut of University Hall, and portraits of Dr. Fisher and Dr. Fisk.
Old and New. Monthly. Boston. See Vol. IV, 1871, page 129 et seq.
History of St. Lawrence County, New York. Philadelphia, 1878. Contains historical sketch of the University by W. A. Poste, M.A., and a lithograph of the college buildings.
Circular of information of the College of Letters and Science of the St. Lawrence Uni- versity. Canton, 1880. 8vo. Pp. 8.
The Gridiron. Canton, 1880, 1882. Students' annual. Illustrated by Frederic Rem- ington and others.
Memoir of Ebenezer Fisher, D.D., by George H. Emerson, D.D. 12mo. Boston, 1880. Portrait of Dr. Fisher.
The Public Service of the State of New York. 4to. Boston, 1882.
Shall St. Lawrence University be Saved ? 8vo. Canton, 1886. Pp. 8. A statement of the condition of the college made during the canvass for the first $50,000 fund. Universalism in America. A History. By Richard Eddy, D.D. 2 volumes. 8vo.
Boston, 1886. Contains a brief sketch of the university, and in the bibliography attached much valuable information in regard to the university library.
The Laurentian. 4to. Monthly. Canton, 1888-94. An undergraduate journal de- voted to the interests of the university.
Much information is to be found in the files of the Christian Leader. Weekly. Boston, 1879-94, and in the predecessors of that journal : also in the Universalist Register. Annual. Boston.
New York State World's Fair Educational Exhibit. Handbook No. 26. 32m. Albany, 1893.
James Henry Chapin, of Connecticut. By George Sumner Weaver, D.D. New York, 1894.
Morley Village .- This place was formerly known as " Long Rapids " and is situated on both sides of the Grass River in the northeast corner of the town. Stillman Foote began the settlement here in 1810 by building a dam and a saw mill. Pitts Bailey and Christopher Wilson from Vermont purchased the village site and the mill, and in 1815 placed in the mill two run of rock stones; two years later they built a new grist mill, having burr stones. In this mill Thomas Fenton had a wool carding machine; a few years later he built a factory farther down the stream and carried on his business about twenty years,
459
THE TOWN OF CANTON.
Wilson built a frame house on the east side and Bailey on the west side of the river ; the latter built the hotel which he kept for many years. The first bridge was built about 1820. The first saw mill on the west side was built by Charles Barrett, who built also a tavern on that side which was burned The first store was kept by J. P. Cummings, and he built the stone building which is still standing. Isaac Whitney was his partner six years. The present stone mill was built in 1840 and is now operated by Johnson Brothers. The hotel is now kept by Mrs. Erwin. The saw mill is run by James Whitney, and the Whitney Brothers have established a butter tub factory. Mercantile business has been considerably extended, and is now in the hands of Healey Fenton, Edwin T. Spaulding, William Scruton, and W. Z. Whitney. The name of the place was changed to Morley when the post-office was first established. William Scruton is now postmaster. The school building was erected about 1860 and now serves the purpose of a good graded school.
Episcopal Church, Morley .- Trinity Chapel (a mission) was erected in 1870-71, chiefly through efforts of T. L. Harrison, one of the most liberal and energetic citizens. It is a handsome structure of stone, and cost about $12,000. On the 26th of July, 1871, it was consecrated by Bishop Doane. From that time to the present the mission has been prosperous and has been served by the pastor at Canton. Services in this faith had been held here, previous to the building of the chapel, in the school-house. Rev. R. W. Brown, of Canton, has the church in charge at the present time.
Wesleyan Methodist Church .- Previous to 1843 members of this faith had worshiped in the village school-house. On the 23d of September of the year nained they met and organized the First Wesleyan Meth- odist Society, with David Clemens, Joel Seger, Zelotus Whitney, John W. Allen, and Thomas Buffam, trustees. A plain frame church was built the same year at a cost of $1,200 ; in 1845 a parsonage was built costing $800. The present pastor is Rev. J. F. Wright.
Rensselaer Falls .- This village is situated near the northwest corner of the town on the east bank of the Oswegatchie River, and is a sta- tion on the R. W. & O. railroad. It is thirteen miles from Ogdensburg and ten miles from Canton. The river has a fall of about six feet at
460
HISTORY OF ST. LAWRENCE COUNTY.
this point, affording water power, which has been utilized for several manufacturing establishments. Among the more prominent early set - tlers at this point and in its vicinity may be mentioned John Shull, sr , N. Hammond, Jacob Shull, Archibald Shull, Christian Ghering, A. Johnson, W. Randall, J. Ghering, C. Goodell, Dea, Hanna, S. Walroth, Leonard Herring. A. Sunderlin, and A. Sharp. The village was formerly known as " Tateville," from Robert Tate, formerly a surveyor and a prominent citizen ; it was also called "Canton Falls," previous to the establishment of the post-office in 1851, when it was given its present name. The first important progress of the place was effected through the starting of a forge by Tate, Chaffee & Co. ; this was on the west bank of the river just below the dam. It was operated to about 1848, but was finally abandoned ; the ore used was from Hermon and Lisbon. John Shull, jr., as agent for Mr. Van Rensselaer, built a saw mill in 1839, on the site of the present cheese box factory. The first mill was carried off by a flood ; it was rebuilt and afterwards burned. The site was later occupied by the Phoenix Bent Works; this was changed to a box factory about 1880 by B. F. Spooner. Otis Brooks is the present operator, and turns out about 1,000 boxes per day. The first grist mill here was built in 1842 by Henry Van Rensselaer and was burned in the spring of 1875. The mill was rebuilt the same year by Rose & Son, and has passed through various hands. It is now operated by Maloney & Morrison. The saw mill, with plan- ing machinery attached, is now run by Solon Dexter. The first tavern was built by John Shull, jr., and the first store was kept by Thomas Leonard, where J. W. Browne carried on business for many years. The post-office was first opened in 1851, with Archibald Shull, postmaster. The present official is George J. Hinsdale. The village now contains fourteen stores of all descriptions and two hotels, with the necessary number of mechanic shops of various kinds. Succeeding the district schools a graded school was established for the village, and the present school building was erected in 1880. Three teachers are employed and the number of pupils in attendance is about 150.
The Congregational Church was organized June 6, 1842, with ten members. Jeduthun Farwell and three other trustees were elected. Rev. Goram Cross served them as their first pastor. The society
461
THE TOWN OF CANTON.
prospered, and it was resolved to erect a church. July 19, 1847, a meeting was held, and John Shull, jr., William Hanna, and T. F. Rath- bone chosen trustees. The church was completed in the last of the year 1848, and dedicated January II, 1849. Its cost was $800. In 1875 extensive repairs and improvements were made in the building, and it was rededicated February 16, 1876; again in 1891 the house was repaired and repainted inside and out; the whole cost was about $5,000. In 1870 a parsonage was erected, costing $1,500. The pres- ent membership is 115, and the pastor is Rev. J. O. Griffith.
Methodist Church .- The first class of Methodists here was formed in the spring of 1853 by Rev. A. Blackman, from the Heuvelton Circuit. This class prospered under the ministrations of Revs. H. Woodruff, S. F. Kenyon, and W. C. Lent, until in 1857 it was apparent that a church building was necessary. In 1858 the Kendrew neighborhood (in De Kalb) was taken, and with the Rensselaer Falls class formed a charge. The society was incorporated November 1I, 1858, with Joseph L. Gil- bert, Robert Wilstrop and Joseph Wheater, trustees. In that year a church was built, costing, with the site, $1,000. A parsonage was afterwards erected, costing $400, and a church was built in the Kendrew neighborhood at a cost of $900. Cooper's Falls appointment was also added to this charge. In 1866, during a period of unusual prosperity, the church and parsonage were sold for $1,875, and a new church was projected. A lot was bought and a brick building erected, finished and dedicated September 16, 1868 ; it cost about $8,000. This sum was raised by subscription. The present membership is about sixty, and the pastor is Rev. Mr. Tisdale.
462
HISTORY OF ST. LAWRENCE COUNTY.
CHAPTER XXVII.
THE TOWN OF POTSDAM-ORGANIZED IN 1806.
P OTSDAM was the seventh town erected by an Act of the Legis- lature passed February 21, 1806, formerly attached to Madrid. It was one of the original ten townships, No. 3, and is said to have been named thus by the commissioners on the discovery by the surveyors of a bed of redish sandstone resembling the Potsdam sandstone in the town of that name in Germany. The original land titles will be found on pages 82 to 85, patented to Macomb, etc.
The first town meeting in Potsdam was held at the house of Benja- min Raymond, April 4, 1806, where the following officers were chosen : Supervisor, Benjamin Raymond ; town clerk, Gurdon Smith ; commis- sioners of highways, Bester Pierce, David French, and Gurdon Smith ; assessors, Giles Parmelee, Horace Garfield and Benjamin Bailey ; over- seers of the poor, Jabez Healey and David French ; pound masters, William Smith and Oliver Boyden ; overseers of highways, Benjamin Raymond, Benjamin Stewart, Levi Swift, Abner Royce, jr., Archibald Royce and Isaac Buck; fence viewers, Levi West, Bester Pierce and Benjamin Stewart.
On November 18, 1802, a large portion of this township was con- veyed to Levinus, and John C. Clarkson (see Clarkson family, Part II), Hermon Le Roy, Nicholas Fisk, Garret Vanhorn, and William Bayard, who took steps to open the way for settlers. They employed as their land agent, Benjamin Raymond, who had assisted the original commis sioners in subdividing the townships. Mr. Raymond, with six men, a set of mill-irons, provisions, and all necessary implements required to commence a settlement in the wilderness, left Fort Stanwix (Rome) in May, 1803, in a bateau, and proceeded by the old route of Wood Creek, Oneida Lake, Oswego River, and down Lake Ontario, the River St. Lawrence, and to Point Iroquois above Waddington. Here they left part of their load and proceeded on foot with packs on their
463
THE TOWN OF POTSDAM.
backs through the woods, reaching Raquette River about half a mile below the present village of Potsdam, thus becoming the first settlers in the town. They built a raft and ascended to the falls, where they erected a hut on the west bank of the river. In the mean time they had the remainder of their goods hauled over with ox team on " travois." They commenced the erection of a dam and saw mill, which was put into operation that fall. Mr. Raymond was satisfied that the river and falls were sufficient to afford abundant power, and that was the proper place to commence a village ; therefore, during the summer he surveyed roads in different directions leading to Hopkinton, Canton and Madrid. He had them bushed out and worked sufficiently for teams to pass, and in the mean time he opened a land office in a log shanty. During the summer several persons came to town and purchased lands. Eb- enezer Patterson and wife were said to have been the first white family that moved into town The following are the names of those who took contracts of land that year: Christopher Wilson, Jabez Healey, John Fobes, Moses Patterson, Elihu Knights, Asa Knapp, Elias Cham- pion, Gurdon Smith, Joshua Conkey, Francis Whitney, John Delance, Benjamin Stewart, Giles Parmele, Sylvanus Eaton, Archibald Royce, William Smith, Chester Dewey Nathaniel Bailey, David French, Esau Rich, Reuben Ames, Barnabas Ames, Benjamin Bailey, Howard J. Pierce, Newell B. Smith, Ansel Bailey, Ebenezer Hubbard, and Eb- enezer Patterson. Two of these took deeds during that year-Benja- min Stewart and William Smith. Mr. Stewart's was the first deed given to a settler of this town and was dated July 9, 1803 ; it covered the northwest part of lot 42. Mr. Smith's deed bore date September 19, 1803, and covered 320 acres, the north half of lot 26, the purchase price being $800.
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