USA > New York > New York County> Harlem > Revised History of Harlem (City of New York): Its Origin and Early Annals. : Prefaced by Home Scenes in the Fatherlands; Or Notices of Its Founders Before Emigration. Also, Sketches of Numerous Families, and the Recovered History of the Land-titles > Part 34
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HISTORY OF HARLEM.
But for an inside view of the domestic life and home com- forts of these villagers, let us visit the worthy and well-to-do Lubbert Gerritsen, late one of the magistrates, living near the west end. We enter. No carpet hides the well-scrubbed floor. and in vain we glance around the room for many articles which in our day imperious fashion, and even comfort, demand. . The furniture goes but little beyond the practical and useful. A gilded mirror indeed adorns the whitewashed wall. The two beds have pillows and striped curtains. Two chests very con- venient contain the clothing, one of the wife, the other of the daughter, fair Eva, who five years later married the Bussing ancestor. On one side is a small octagon table; and here a brass candlestick and a warming-pan. Upon hooks. on the wall hang a musket and firelock. No stove is there : but in the ample fireplace the wood crackles and blazes cheerfully above the huge backlog and around the two iron dinner pots hung to the trammel by hooks and chain. On the table or shelves, and in the pantry, we notice exactly I pewter bowl, 2 small pewter platters, 4 pew-
York, and in 1702 was living in the East Ward. Robert, his son, married, 1686, Geertie, daughter of Abel Reddenhaus, and moved to Bergen County, N. J., where he died in 1729; Lambert, born 1666, married, 1690, Maria Jansen, from .Albany, settled at Bedford, Brooklyn, and died 1722; and Thomas married, 1702, Jannetie, daughter of Jan Hendricks Brevoort, and remained in New York. All these left descendants. (See Winfield's Land Titles, the Bergen Gen., and N. Y. G. & B. Rec., 1876, 60).
Zacharias Sickels, blacksmith, and referred to in the text, was born in 1670, at Albany. and after coming to Harlem, married, August 23, 1693, Mary, daughter of the aforesaid Brevoort. On February 20, 1705. he bought of his father-in-law, who had then left Harlem, the lands he still held there. (See Brevoort). Of these, Sickels sold. April 9, 1705, a meadow, once Pierre Cresson's, and lying at the head of Sher- man's Creek, and northerly of the Kortright farm, to Jan Kiersen (with whose lands it was sold to James Carroll, in 1763), and on January 23, 1706, he sold to Samson Benson, No. [ New Lots, with "a garden" (originally two erven of Cresson and Tourneur), lying next west of the churchyard. He drew land in 1712, in ist and 2nd Divisions, having sold his 3rd and 4th to Jan Kiersen, but obtaining in exchange Kiersen's lot in Ist Division. (See Appendix J). For these drawn lands he received a patentee deed. December 24, 1712. Later, he sold his ist Division to Joh. Meyer. He married, July 10, 1717, a second wife. Wyntie Dyckman, widow of Joh. Kortright. Being sick, he sold his property, January 15. 1729, to his step-son, Nicholas Kort- right. This consisted of lot No. 5, Jochem Pieters, a lot on Montagne's Flat, rated at 6 morgen or 12 acres (but in reality 20 acres), and No. 12, in 2d Division, 18 acres; in all, as rated, 43 acres. Zacharias Sickels died January 20, 1729, aged 59 years. He had issue, Johannes, Jacobus, Zacharias, Hendrick. Gerardus, William, Cornelius and Robert. Johannes, the eldest, was born in 1694, married, May 2. 1718. Annecke, daughter of Adolph Meyer. and settled in Westchester County, on a farm of 100 acres, bought in 1720 and 1722. He died in June, 1729; his widow married Thomas Storm. His children. as far as known. were Zacharias, Johannes and Maria, who married Gerrit Storm, of Philipsburgh. Of these, Zacharias became a merchant in New York, married, 1744, Catherine Ileyer, and was the father of John Sickels, grocer, who had five children, viz: John, lawyer: Alletta. who married John Ten- brook; Catherine, married Com. Isaac Chauncey; Maria, married James Ilcard, and Ann, who married Nathaniel Griswold.
Johannes Sickels. born 1720, son of Joh. and Anneke. married his cousin Margaret. daughter of Adolph Meyer, 2d, of Harlem, where Sickels settled. inheriting. in 1748. 84 acres from the Meyer estate. This embraced Nos. 2. 3. Jochem Pieters, No. 10, 2d Division, and No. 14, 4th Division. To this was attached the north garden (sold ten years later to John Livingston). derived originally by his great-grandfather Verveelen from Jan Slot. (See App. E). He died in 1784, leaving one son. John S. Sickels, and a daughter, Mary, wife of Samson Benson. John S. Sickels married, September 29. 1763. Maria, daughter of .Aaron Bussing, and died June 4, 1804: his only child sur- viving infancy being Mary, born April 9. 1764. who married John Adriance, father of John S. and Isaac Adriance, Latitia, wife of W'm. B. Kenyon, and Margaret, wife of James Kenyon. Many write this name Sickles.
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ter trenchers, 6 pewter spoons, a pewter cup with a lid, and an- other without, 2 white earthen jars, a copper cake pan, a small copper pot, a small brass kettle, 2 water pails, and 2 churns for butter-making. There is still place for 2 siths,* 2 sikles, and 2 augurs.
We ascend to the "loft." Here are 4 milk pans, 2 iron hand-basins, 2 tubs, a lye-barrel, a cask filled with buckwheat, 2 ploughshares, a plough-chain and rope, a coulter, a yoke with a hook, 2 old sickles, an adze, and a sail mast, perhaps belonging to the "canoe at the strand."
Invited out to the barn : here is the garnered harvest, stores of rye, peas, and buckwheat in the sheaf, and 10 or 12 bundles of unswingled flax; also a fan, harrow, and 2 iron forks. On the premises, fat and sleek in their sheds and stalls, are the live- stock : 2 yoke of oxen, 2 cows, one black, the other red; I steer, and 2 calves. Four young hogs are running upon Little Barent's Island. Other farming implements are at hand: 2 ox-yokes, 2 iron plough-rings, a wood-axe, 3 iron wedges, 2 hand-saws, and a draw-saw, 2 iron-bound buckets, and an iron lamp. Ah! here stands the ox-cart, and here are 2 new cart-wheels. The plough is missing; left where Lubbert's last ploughing was done, out on one of the bouwlots, of which he has the Nos. 4 and 9 on Jochem Pieters, with salt meadow, and out-garden No. 1I beside. Busy bees still hum about, sucking sweets from the fall flowers, with which to store the seven hives in the garden, and hens as busily scratch and cluck about the barnyard. Not an item of Lubbert's effects has escaped our notice; all as enjoyed by him at the time of his decease soon after,-affording us a reliable index to the average style of living observed here at that period.
And a grand political event had but just transpired in the highest degree pleasing to the Harlem community, because promising to its simple Belgian character and customs a happy perpetuity, while it restored, fresh and intact, the waning memor- ies of dear Fatherland. This was the recapture of New York by the Dutch.
t See a description of the Sith and its use, under the year 1687.
CHAPTER XIX.
1673-1674.
REOCCUPATION BY THE DUTCH.
"T HIS day, Ioth August, 1673, New Style, have the Hol- land and Zeeland fleets captured the Fort.at N. York, in the name of their High Mightinesses, the Lords States General of the United Netherlands and his Highness the Lord Prince of Orange; and the Fort is re-named Willem Hendrick, and the City obtained the name New Orange."
In these words did the secretary Vander Vin record in his protocol an event which, suddenly reducing the colony again to the obedience of Holland, at once startled and overjoyed the Dutch community at Harlem. The mother countries were at war, and this one of the fruits. They were therefore prepared for the following official letter :
To the Inhabitants of the Town of N : Haerlem.
You will, by authority of the High Commanders and Council of War residing in the fort Willem Hendrick, appoint two persons from your village as deputies, and with the same send your constable's staff and town ensign, on the day after to-morrow, being Monday, in order then to talk with us; whereon depending, we remain, after greetings, your friends,
The SCHOUT, BURGOMASTERS and SCHEPENS of the City of N. Orange. By order of the same N. BAYARD, Secretary.
N. Orange, 19th August,
1673, New Style.
To this the following reply was sent by the hands of the delegates :
To the Noble, Honorable Lords. the Schout, Burgomasters and Schepens, at the City of New Orange.
We, Inhabitants at the village N. Haerlem, pursuant to your Honors' writing of the 19th instant, by authority of the High Commanders and the Council of War, residing in fort Willem Hendrick, send by these the constable's staff (having no ensign), besides two deputies from us, to receive such orders as your Honors shall find to pertain to the welfare and benefit of this town; whereupon we shall rely, praying God to pre-
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HISTORY OF HARLEM.
serve your Honors in a prosperous, just, and enduring government; in the meanwhile remaining your Honors' dutiful, willing subjects, the In- habitants of the town N. Haerlem, August 21st, 1673, New Style. By order of the same,
H. J. VANDER VIN, Secretary.
The delegates returned bearing the following letter :
To the Inhabitants of the town of New Haerlem.
You are by these, by authority of the Noble Burgomasters and Schepens of this City of New Orange, ordered, for your town's folks and the de- pendent neighborhood, on the morrow to assemble, and by a general vote to nominate eight from the same as magistrates (all such being also of the Reformed Christian Religion), out of which said nomination we then shall elect four as magistrates for your town; whereon we relying, remain your friends,
THE BURGOMASTERS and SCHEPENS of the City of New Orange, 22d August, 1673. By order of the same, N. BAYARD, Secretary.
The town folks met pursuant to this order and nominated David Des Marest, Joost Van Oblinus, Lubbert Gerritsen, Cor- nelis Jansen, Resolved Waldron, Adolph Meyer, Arent Har- mans (Bussing), and Jan Nagel, all good friends of fatherland, as magistrates, and Hendrick J. Vander Vin as secretary, from whom were appointed to the former office, Waldron, Des Marest, Oblinus, and Bussing, Waldron being named as schout; and as secretary, Vander Vin. These took an oath of fidelity "to their High Mightinesses the Lords States General of the United Netherlands and his Highness the Lord Prince of Orange."
By order of the Burgomasters and Schepens, the new board called the other inhabitants together on August 25th, and ad- ministered to them the following oath of allegiance:
"We promise and swear, in presence of Almighty God, unto their High Mightinesses the Lords States General of the United Netherlands, and his Highness the Lord Prince of Orange, and their Governor already placed here, or hereafter to be appointed, to be beholden and faithful, and in all circumstances to behave us as trusty and obedient subjects are bound to do. So truly help us, God Almighty."
The roll of names is as follows, being classified by Vander Vin, thus :
Ist. Over 16 and under 60 years.
Lubbert Gerritsen, Cornelis Jansen, Meyndert Journee, Adolph Meyer, Simeon Cornier, Jan Laurens v : Schoonrewoert,
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HISTORY OF HARLEM.
Jean des Marest, Jan Dyckman, Daniel Tourneur, Jan Nagel, Samuel Pell, Robert Hollis,* John Smith,
-
Englishmen.
Jan le Maistre,
David des Marest, Jr., Samuel des Marest, Jaco el Roey,
Young Men (i. e. unmarried).
Evert Alrichs, Jochem Engelbert, Coenraet Hendricks, Cornelis Theunisz, -
Gabriel Carbosie, Miller.
2d. Impotent, above 60 years.
Glaude le Maistre, Pierre Cresson, Jean le Roy,
Claes Carstensen, Isaac Vermeille.
The Dutch rule was now re-established ; after two days came the Sabbath, when the people at worship expressed their grati- tude in a practical way, by an extra large contribution of 4 florins. To this, the next Sunday, Vander Vin added, as a special gift, a schepel of wheat, equal to 6 gl.
The ready response to every demand of the new rulers also told the general satisfaction. Called upon to furnish "800 pieces of great palisades, 14 feet long, I foot thick and under." for the city defences, the inhabitants met August 28th, and apportioned this heavy work pro rata, 10 posts to an erf, and 11/2 to each morgen. An admirable spirit was also shown by the young men who owned no bouwland, four of whom,-to wit, Coenraet Hen- dricks, Engelbert, Bussing, and Dyckman,-volunteered 20 sticks each, and the loyal Jan Nagel and Jean Demarest cach 25. Le Roy, Hollis, Pell. and Smith, severally pledged 20 each, and Widow Montagne the same. to be cut by her hired man, Evert Alrichs. Carbosie would spare time from the mill to furnish 16. The younger sons of Demarest, with his servant Jaco el Roey, offered together to cut 26, Jan le Maistre 12, and Oblinus' man,
. Robert Hollis, says Governor Nicholls, "came over with me into these parts. in his Majesty's service, a soldier under my command." He got a license .August 15. 1665, to marry widow Mary Page. On July 18, 1667, he secured a patent for 26 acres of land in Brooklyn, having Jan Martyn on the north and Jan Damen on the south, "with his housing and accommodation thereupon." which he had bought early that year from Jean Mesurolle. He obtained at that time the sole right to tap strong drink in that town. In 1672 he bought an erf at Harlem, where he was made a cor- poral in the Night Watch. December 6. 1675, but must have left soon after. being last named at the settlement, January 17, 1676, between the town and William Palmer, for whom Hollis had stood security.
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HISTORY OF HARLEM.
Cornelis Theunisz, 7. They agreed to draw all these to a suit- able place at the strand .*
A new life and vigor seemed infused into the village; the overseers being especially occupied. Pursuant to orders from the Council of War, they had, on the 23d inst., visited the planta- tion of Captain Richard Morris, and appointed Jean Demarest and Arent Harmans to take charge of it till further orders. The affairs of Captain Delavall now demanded their care. His estates, which were scattered in different parts of the province, and valued by him at about £5,000, had been attached by the Dutch commanders. A ketch building at Harlem, by Samuel Pell, ship carpenter, and of which Delavall was half owner, was to that extent included. John Smith, late in employ of Delavall, was instructed to take good care of his other property at Harlem till further notice.
Sundry claims against Delavall now came up; one by Pierre Cresson for what Delavall, in 1670, had agreed to pay to rebuild and keep up the fence between their gardens; another for repairs the last year at the mill on "the flume and door to the race," Car- bosie still having charge. Meanwhile Smith, Delavall's man, intrusted with his cattle and goods, having suddenly absconded, the High Commanders on September 9th directed Resolved Waldron to take the property in keeping, and which trust he accepted. This was officially made known to the people of Harlem on the IIth, and accompanied by directions that the ferry folks should set no strangers, "that is Christians, or negroes, or cattle," over the river, either at Harlem or Spuyten Duyvel, unless they could show a pass. These directions were afterward re- peated.
On September 25th the magistrates appointed Barent Wald- ron, the Court Messenger, who, on being sworn into office, was furnished with a commission, setting forth in general his duties, and warning all persons not to interfere with him in the proper discharge thereof. At the Court held next day, Carbosie, the miller, complained of Jan Louwe Van Schoonrewoerd, for threat- ening to shoot his hogs, which had troubled him by running
· Jochem Engelbert Van Namen, from Heusden, came out in the ship Hope, which sailed from Amsterdam, April 8. 1662. He lived four and a half years with Burger Joris, and then entered the service of Verveelen, at Harlem, March 5, 1668, but complaining of ill-usuage, was released by the Court, September 10 ensuing. He bore a good name while with Burger, and seems to have sustained it afterward at Esopus, where he married, November 3, 1676. Elizabeth, daughter of Evert Pels, by whom he had a family of children. viz .: Deliantie, Evert, Engelbert, Johannes. Anna. Deliantie married Barent Marteling, in 1702. Anna married Isaac Marteling. (See Clute's Staten Island).
Evert Alrichs, five years later, is found at Upland, on the Delaware, having mar- ried Elizabeth, widow of Hans Walter.
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HISTORY OF HARLEM.
Claessen, Thomas Etherington, and Elias Bailey, who happened to be at the village. A stop was now put to the fight, but young Tourneur, still excited, said, "Wait, wait! this is not the last time." The elder Tourneur has the benefit of a doubt, as Jean Delamater, the innocent cause of the tumult, declared "that he had not seen that Daniel Tourneur stabbed David Demarest."
High Sheriff Allard Anthony, on being notified of this flag- rant breach of the peace, held a court at Harlem, the next day, and took the testimony of several witnesses; but a hiatus in the minutes of the Mayor's Court probably deprives us of the sequel of this affair, in which, however, no lives were lost, and but slight personal injury sustained. Tourneur was about as usual, April 5th, when he leased to Jan Dircksen, or "Jan the Soldier," as before called, "a certain piece of woodland, lying at Menepas Kill," with meadow on "the kill of boor Aert and Jan de Paep," for the term of three years, the lessee to build his own dwelling- house, and leave three morgen of land cleared and fenced; to all which Jan Dyckman and Ralph Doxey are witnesses.
Society was not very polished in those days, and was still wedded to the old ideas about personal prowess,-pluck and muscle, never mind what called them forth, were things to boast of and applaud. The younger combatants might glory in this general knock-down, and little fear the approbrium; but for the two elderly ones holding high positions, Demarest a magistrate, and Tourneur a deacon, sober retrospection no doubt brought shame and regret. But we must discriminate between Tourneur, rash, even dastardly, and Demarest, more temperate in his Picard impulses, and probably acting in self-defence only. The latter, a few weeks later (August 23d) was re-elected to the magistracy ; but then Tourneur, a man, mauger his faults, of generous instincts and of great energy, and to whose tact and abilities the town owed much of its success, had just closed an active life and been laid to rest. He is last noticed May 12th, when he subscribed as witness to an engagement of Thomas Selligh, late in his emloy,
turn to Europe with the Dutch forces or to remain here. As he chose the latter. the government remitted his passage money, which was yet unpaid. He went to Staten Island and engaged in farming, his old calling in France. He received, at Harlem, the marks of respect due to his character and abilities. On the Dutch reoccupation, in 1673, trouble being feared from the English, Cornier was fitly chosen as a corporal in the Night Watch, and two years later, during the Indian troubles, held the like command. He also served as deacon; but selling his lands, July 26, 1675, to Paul Richard, he removed to New York, a few months later. In 1686 he married, as a second wife, Tryntie Walings Van Winckel, widow of Cornelis Jacobsen Stille, who had lived at Harlem, ancestor of the Somerindyke and Woertendyke families. (See p. 151, and N. Y. G. & B. Record, 1876, p. 49). The day he bought it Richard sold Cornier's property to David Demarest, Jr. We know not when Cornier died, nor that he left children, but take for his descendants Capt. Peter Corne, of New York, mer- chant, and commander of a privateer in the old French war, who still lived in the city during the Revolution. (See Dyckman family).
*
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HISTORY OF HARLEM.
to work a year for Wallerand du Mont, of Esopus. Tourneur's death made the first break in the company of Nicolls Patentees. It probably followed close upon Dyckman's espousal (June 15th) to his daughter Madeleine. We notice that Dyckman's old friend, Arena Harmans Bussing, with whom he had left his native Bentheim, had just before married Susanna le Maistre, Glaude's daughter, both brides having been born at Flatbush, soon after their parents emigrated .*
This chapter of incidents may fitly close with a glance at the village of New Harlem as it was in the autumn of 1673.t How quaint an aspect has the Dutch settlement as e'en now its plain wooden tenements, embowered in foliage whose variegated hues already tell the declining year, rise modestly to view. Their humble eaves, keeping line with the street, lift themselves but one low story, yet the extraordinary slope of the thatched roof gives space to the loft above, so useful for many domestic pur- poses. Aside the house, quite too near for entire safety, stands the ample and well-stored "schuer" or barn, in its squatty eaves and lofty ridge the very counterpart of the dwelling, but by a noticeable contrast turning its gable with huge gaping doors to the highway. In the spaces between buildings and homesteads flourish rows of choice imported fruit trees, apple, pear, peach. cherry, and quince, and the no less prized garden and ornamental shrubs, the Dutch currant, gooseberry, and evergreen box, dwarf and arborescent. Tidiness reigns, at least about the dwelling. and within reach of the busy housewife's mop and broom; but all betoken's a plainness and frugality, in wide contrast with the
* Wallarand du Mont (Dumont), whose descandants are still found in Ulster County, came to this country in 1657, from Coomen, in Flanders; served as "cadet in the honorable Company of the Heer Director General," and married at Esopus, January 13, 1664, Margaret Hendricks, widow of Jan Aertsen, who had been slain by the Indians. (See V'an Putten). Du Mont's sister Margaret was wife of Pierre Noue, a Walloon, who emigrated with Demarest and company in 1673. (See Journee). How will our revered friend and early pastor make Pierre the son of Elias Neau, the catechist, of New York, who was born at Soubiz in Saintonge, in 1662? (History of Elizabeth, p. 267). Du Mont died at Esopus, in 1783, having had sons, Wallarand, John Baptist and Peter; and daughters, Margaret, wife of William Loveridge; Jannetie. wife of Michael Van Vechten, and Francina, wife of Frederick Clute. Clute went to Schenectady. (See Pearson's Schenectady Settlers). Peter Dumont, with his brethren, Loveridge and V'an Vechten, settled on the Raritan N. J. Dumont and Van Vechten became justices of the peace. The latter was born in 1664, being son of Derick Teunissen, who was born in 1634, at Vechten, in the diocese of Utrecht, and when four years of age came with his father. Teunis Dericksen, to Albany. William Love- ridge was from the parish of Wool, in Dorsetshire, England, and died at Perth Amboy. in 1703. leaving sons William, Wallerand and John. He was brother to Samuel Loveridge, of New York, shipwright, who was born in Albermarle County, Va., and married at Esopus, in 1688, Hannah, daughter of George Meals. Their father, William Loveridge, a hatter, came out to Connecticut as early as 1659, removed to Virginia, thence to Albany, and died at Catskill, about 1683. He had daughters, Temperance, who married Capt. Isaac Melyn, of New York, and Sarah, mho married John Ward, of Ulster county. Hence the belief expressed in the Hisotry of Elizabeth that Samuel Loveridge was a son of Rev. William Leverich, though with seeming reason, is plainly not warranted.
+ Consult the plan of the village at page 292.
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elegance of modern living. The daily life of the villagers,-but let us first note the occupants of the principal dwellings ere we cross the threshold, to explore the humble sphere of their domes- tic economy.
Here at the river end, where, about the tavern, smith-shop, church, and ferry, gather the stir and business activity of the village, is the comfortable home of the French refugee and newly- appointed schepen, David Demarest. His house and barn occupy a lot "abutting on three streets from which it is fenced," and extended "toward the strand, as far as he can," by virtue of a town grant of January 5, 1667. It contains a double-erf, or two erven, the upper, facing the Great Way, being that gotten from Montagne (and where now the oldest house and relic of the village stands), the other once Dominie Zyperus'. This last looks out to the south upon the square or green about the land- ing-place. Demarest's neighbor, over the cross-street, is Glaude Delamater, recent magistrate, testy but kind-hearted; his double- erf joining that of Cornelius Jansen, late constable, a young but rising man in the town, and at whose friendly inn,-where swing- ing signboard and feeding-troughs mark it merely as the village hostel, but to Kortright, Bogert, and others, the veritable coun- terpart of Mynheer's inn at Schoonrewoer,-the passing traveler stops for refreshment, or the wiseacres of the dorp resort to swallow the latest bit of news or scandal in a bumper of Kort- right's beer. Opposite the tavern, past the second crossway, lives the Picard, good Pierre Cresson, from his occupation called by his Dutch neighbors, de tuynier, or the gardener, whose erf joins at its rear or north side to that of Daniel Tourneur, but just deceased, and westerly to that late of Hendrick Karstens, but now of the worthy Joost Van Oblinus, schepen. Over the third cross-street are the two erven of Johan Verveelen, where his son-in-law, Adolph Meyer, now lives, and next him the "garden" and erf (strictly a double-erf), which had passed from Mr. Muyden to Jaques Cresson, and from him to Meynard Journee, present occupant, also called Maaljer, his surname Belgicized. Being sickly, Journee had just resigned his office of fence-master, which was given, February 6th, to Laurens Jansen, the Low ancestor. Journee's grounds extend to those of Captain Delavall, a small strip between them, "laid out for a street" (the fourth crossway), having been added to Cresson's lot while his, by a grant of May 3,1667. In one of Delavall's houses, once the home of Simon the Walloon, had recently lived, till he removed to the city, Wouter Gerritsen, Delavall's princi-
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