USA > New York > New York City > The Memorial History of the City of New York: From Its First Settlement to the Year 1892, Volume II > Part 62
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13th Nov 1779- D. MATHEWI, PaTES DUBois
ONE KEG,
. ( Containing about 56 lb. ) Of BOWEN'S
Patent SAGO POWDER, For making Jelly, To be SOLD resinaably, for CASH.
Enquire of the Printer
To be LET for such a term of years as fall be agreed upon.
OUNDRY Loss of vere in new's LAND. klasse S &I Circen wich, on the island of New York, on both sides of the road leading from the Bowery to the North- River road, and in the matward at the lad mentionel ros', iprefer to the farme non oc- & Find the Commefor, Grant and Mr David Camp- bell, onr lot of no seres thereof lies to che f· atts waid of , and oppelt- in the strandoccupied by Calmer Simper . Proposals on writing for the fame , any part thereel, will be received he General De
Kelly, at Ne, 843. However- Square, New York
fall na Fos Simple, or Leafs.
By Order of the Commandant. The following RATES are chablifted for Ferri- Cote, herdress this City cod Breskiya, OR welporting every! every porfen from the city of Ne-Yak, to Long-Ifsed, or from Less. Ised to New-York, cd .
For every Herfe or Bast,
Fur wvivry live Calf, Hog, Sheep, or Lomb, For every deud Calf, Hog, Sharp, or Lach, For pray Barrel of Rues, Sugar, Melatin, w cthey fell Barrel, For wody empty Barrel, For every empty Pire or Hogtheed,
sd.
For every padreffed Calf, Sharp, or Don kis, ad. For wvery Pul of Barer,
For every Firkin or Tob of Berser. For wvery Batel of Salt, When, Grain, Seeds,
44. Or say cober thing feld hy B .thel.
For way full Pipe or fall Haghesd,
For every Board of one Loch, or one Inch and Half,
Po mery Wazgen, For tvary Pan of Cant Wheels,
For every Cuphuard, Fiets for Closde, or W.inng D.A.
For every full Trunk or Chell,
Forevery opty Trunk af Chet,
For every half Barrel of Flour, or any other half Barrel,
For every Burel of Bread,
For every Big of Bernd or Meal,
For every U unese of Bacon, Terkey er Geefe,ad. Fu way Dazen of Lars,
For every Dang'uil Futl, Brant, Duck, Heath, Hen, or Rabat,
For every Dusen of Pigeons, Quails, fuipes, At pay kind of fmaller Birds,
For every Hundred Weight of Iron, Steel,
Ther, Poster ur Land, and of Iron, Copper er Brak Kraks, ke.
For every Hundred Weight of Gun Powder, 91, 6 1. Per wary feythe or Sırt, For erny Fukin of Soap,
For every Corn Fre,
For every Hundred of Shington,
For wary- Caler Belt,
For every cummes Nag of Cotien Weel,
For wery Bale of Causes Weel er Hops, Fa way Ceoch,
Per way Proces,
Forvary Chate or Cheir,
For every fagle Sleigh, For every doshle B!righ,
For ever; Prece of Ogs brigt,
For every Piece of Hiankers or Duffle,
For every Piece of Certea, Ponaidene, Flas-
For every Piece of Breed Cloth, Kerley,
Strouda, Haif checks and Druggets,
For every Piece of Duroys, Callsmancoes, Shalloces, or other ful, and for every Piece of Garlia, Holland or other Linen, For every Hundred of Filth (called Sheeps-hrad)
For every Hundred of Bath or Shed, For every Desen of Perch,
For every Hundred Weight of Copperse, Allum or Brieftons,
For every half Desen of Weel Cards.
Fee prery Saddle without a Herfs,
For every Cate with Bottles,
For every Looking Glass 10 Two Fon high cod apurarde,
For every Hundred Weight of Rice,
Articles out enamersted in Proportion to their Butk. If any Ferrymasa fall alk, deinend, or receive any Mit, or prosie foe Tor Fermage, than m.directed to be taken by the aforegoing Rates, report thereof is to be made to the Officers of the Police, in order the the Offenders may he brought to pancheese.
ANDREW ELLIOT. Superintendsat Ges. D. MATHEWS, Mara. PETER DUBOIS, Magifirmie ol Police. Ofice of Palier, Jan. 18.h. 1989
Remfen & Cowenhoven,
Ai ther STORE. No. 915. IN WATER-STREET the Corner opposite Mr. Fornell's, berquere ite Cofi-Hanja and Fly-Market, bove for SALE em
Grolhang and bahen MADEIRA, Lifhur- Treff, Sherry datu.
and Red Fort Woes, Chopilare and coffee, by the pipe, quarter- Pepper and al(pitt, cafk or Iris quantity. Tauntiro sie and Ler
Branily, goeva by shr cair, du, by gallon, verpool beer, Playing
Old Jamaica (puts, Old Antigua rum, con mon Well-India de,
Rail and cut tabarco, Peland Barch,
Writing pipes and leal. gus, by the heghend as lefs quantity, leaf Double and nocle Ginu-
and lump fugirs. cefler cher'e, heil soir
Mould and dippel can- butter in érkint, dies, white and brown New nice in siercet, A fra Lemie of excel-
powder blue, Bird ter
4446 Bissks.
Gove Tickets, at 5 Dollars each, art 18,000 Dollars.
Subject to . Deduction of is por com. as ariding froes the Lowery, will be paid to the Trasferer of the Overfiers of the Poor. CATHARINE BOWLES PIGS Leave to acquaint the Poblick, That The istesds to open a School the art Day Cf April sert, to teach Reading and Sewing.
vd.
64.
14
554
HISTORY OF NEW-YORK
in restoring certain portions of Trinity churchyard to their original grade. All breaches of the peace by loyalists were promptly punished.
On November 12 Sir Guy Carleton, the British commander-in- chief, notified General Washington that he hoped to withdraw all his troops by the end of the month; that the outposts at and north of McGowan's Pass would be with- drawn by the 21st; those at Her- ricks and Hempstead on Long Island on the same day; the town of Brooklyn the following day; and Paulus Hook, Dennis', and Staten Island as soon after as practicable. On the 19th General Carleton wrote that the above arrangement would be modified so that New-York should be evacuated on the 25th instant at noon; retaining Staten Island, New Utrecht, and Dennis' "for such time as they may be found absolutely requisite for the troops that may then remain D. Hartley without transports." There were about six thousand five hundred Anglo-German troops remaining in the city and vicinity at this time; half of these were of the British royal artillery, seventeenth dragoons, light infantry, grenadiers, and seventh, twenty-second, twenty-third, thirty-eighth, fortieth, forty-third, seventy-sixth, and eightieth foot; the remainder were Hessians. Admiral Digby commanded the fleet, then in the harbor, and was charged with the duty of forwarding the refugees-of whom 29,244 left New-York during the year-to Nova Scotia and other points. The difficulty in procuring transportation for such a large number contributed to delay the final departure of the king's forces. On the side of the continental army there was much to do in the way of disbandment, but by the middle of November there remained of those veteran legions, who had elicited the encomiums of their captive enemy at Saratoga,1 only a little band of scarce a thousand men.
1 " We passed the enemy's encampment in front of which all their regiments, as well as the artil- lery, were standing under arms. Not a man of them was regularly equipped. Each one had on the clothes which he was accustomed to wear in the field, the tavern, the church, and in everyday life. No fault, however, could be found with their military appearance, for they stood in an
erect and a soldierly attitude. All their muskets had bayonets attached to them, and their rifle- men had rifles. They remained so perfectly quiet that we were utterly astounded. Not one of them made any attempt to speak to the man at his side: and all the men who stood in array before us were so slender, fine looking, and sinewy, that it was a pleasure to look at them. Nor could we but won-
555
NEW-YORK DURING THE REVOLUTION
The curtain is now raised for the last act of the military drama of which the second act had been played on the same stage eight years before. On the 19th Generals Washington and Knox and Governor Clinton, with their respective staffs, ar- rived at Day's Tav- ern.1 A small provi- sional brigade, of detachments from
the troops en- camped at West Point and New- burgh (Massachu- setts infantry and New-York artillery together with a mi- litia troop-in all about eight hun- dred men), under Brevet Brigadier-
General Henry Jackson, had pre- ceded the distin-
THE AMERICAN PEACE COMMISSIONERS.2
guished personages, and were in camp at McGowan's Pass (near the northeastern entrance of Central Park). A unique part of this com- mand comprised four six-pounders, tro- phies taken from the enemy, and now displayed by the gallant Major Bauman.
John Adams
John Järp-
It was some time after noon, on the memorable November 25, when a British staff-officer reported that the rear-guard of the British army was embarking at the Battery. The American column im- mediately moved on by the route se- lected.3 Captain Stakes's troop furnished the advance-guard, while, in the order prescribed, followed the remainder of
der that Dame Nature had created such a hand- some race! I am perfectly serious when I state that the men of English-America are far ahead of those in the greater portion of Europe both as regards their beauty and stature." Letter of Hes- sian officer captured at Saratoga, 1777 (Stone). New-York, 1891. 1 Then near the corner of 125th street and Eighth Avenue.
2 The full title of the above illustration is: "The
United States Commissioners in 1782 to sign the Treaty of Independence." It is taken from an unfinished picture by Benjamin West. Besides the portraits of John Jay, John Adams, and Ben- jamin Franklin, there appear those of William Temple Franklin, the son of the latter, and Henry Laurens, who were both present at the signing.
3 General Jackson's orders for the occasion were as follows : "McGowan's Pass, 24 Nov. '83. - The troops will cook one day's provisions this evening,
556
HISTORY OF NEW-YORK
the provisional brigade. The troops marched with the easy swing of old campaigners, and although their uniforms were tarnished, of various hues and irregular pattern, yet their arms were bright and their faces shining with soldierly pride and recent ablutions; they represented, in a sense, the Old Guard of that patriot army which had won peace and pros- perity. Down the Bowery, to Chatham, to Pearl (then Queen), to Wall street, through thousands of sympathetic and joyous people, the stalwart soldiers marched to their destination at Cape's Tavern.1 Here the line was formed and stood at "parade rest," while the main guard marched down Broadway to Fort George, followed by an excited Vergennes throng eager to witness the most in- teresting feature of the occasion.2
and be in perfect readiness to march to-morrow morning at 8 o'clock." "After Orders Nov. 24: Field officer-of-the-day, to-morrow-Col. Vose. The Light Infantry will furnish & company for main guard to-morrow. As soon as the troops are formed in the city, the main guard will be marched off to Fort George - on their taking possession an officer of Artillery will immediately hoist the American standard. The officer will then detach two pattrols, consisting of one Sub., one Sergt., two Corporals, and fifteen Privates each -one to pass from the North to the East River as far out as Maiden Lain, the other from North to East River from Maiden Lain upwards. On the Standard being hoisted in Fort George, the Artillery will fire thirteen rounds. After his Excellency Governor Clinton will be re- ceived on the right of the line. The officers will salute his Excellency as he passes them, and the Troops present their arms by Corps and the Drums beat march. After his Excellency is passed the line and alited at Cape's Tavern, the Artillery will fire thirteen rounds. In case of any disturbance the whole of the Patroles will instantly march out, pre- serve the peace, and apprehend and secure all offen- ders. For the greater security and good order of the city each Battalion will mount a Piquett at their Barracks, consisting of one entire company. They will lay on their arms and be in constant readiness during the twenty-four hours, to parade on the first alarm and wait the orders of the Officer of- the day. On an alarm of fire all the officers and men on duty will immediately repair to their Bar- racks and parade without arms and wait the orders of the Commanding officers. The officer command- ing patrols will march them in the most regular and silent order, both day and night, and will take up and confine in the main guard any violent and disorderly soldiers they may meet with. The Grand Parade will be near the Bridewell; the
guards and patrols will march off the Grand Parade under the direction of the field officer-of-the day.'
1 Cape's Tavern was one of the most famous hostelries of colonial and Revolutionary times. It had been originally the old De Lancey mansion, built by Etienne De Lancey about 1700. It was of gray stone, two stories high; its windows, long and arched, opened to the floor; from its rear piazza the ground sloped to the shore of the Hud- son, and afforded a view of the Orange Mountains and the palisades on the Jersey shore. From the cupola on the roof a still more extended prospect presented itself. In 1754 it was opened by Edward Willett as the "Province Arms." It became the headquarters for important social and official en- tertainments under a number of successors- Burns, Bolton, and Hull; it changed its name to "City Arms," was a great favorite with the British army and navy officers during the Revolution, and finally passed into the hands of John Cape, a pa- triotic Boniface, who took down the quaint old sign and hung out a new one bearing the State arms of New-York. The Boreel building now rears its lofty head upon the site of Cape's Tavern. (See "Old New-York Taverns," by John A. Stevens, Harper's Magazine, LXXX, p. 842.)
A young American lady, who for a year had been a resident of the city, wrote of the scenes of Evacuation Day : "The troops just leaving us were as if equipped for show, and with their scarlet uniforms and burnished arms, made a brilliant display ; the troops that marched in, on the con- trary, were ill clad and weather-beaten, and made & forlorn appearance; but then they were our troops, and as I looked at them, and thought upon all they had done and suffered for us, my heart and my eyes were full, and I admired and gloried in them the more because they were weather- beaten and forlorn."
557
NEW-YORK DURING THE REVOLUTION
BY THE KING.
A PROCLAMATION,
Declaring the Ceffation of Arms, as well by Sea as Land, agreed upon between His Majesty, the Moft Chriftian King, the King of Spain, the States General of the United Provinces, and the United States of America, and enjoining the Obfervance thereof.
GEORGE R.
W HEREAS Provisional Articles were Ggned at Paris, on the Thirtieth Day of November laft, between Our Commiffioner for treating of Peace with the Commiffioners of the United States of simerica, and the Committioners of the faid States, to be inferted in and to constitute the Treaty of Peace propofed to be concluded between Us. and the faid United States, when Terms of Peace fhould be agreed upon between Us and His Moft Chriftian Majefty : And whereas Preliminaries for reftoring Peace between Us and His Moft Christian Majesty, were Ggned at Verfeilles on the Twentieth Day of January lift, by the Minifters of Us and the Most Christian King . And whereas Preliminaries for reftoring Peace between Us and the King of Spain, were alfo ligned at Verfailles, on the Twentieth Day of January laft, between the Minifers of Us and the King of Spain : And whereas, for putting an End to the Calamity of War as Soon and as far as may be pofible, it hath been agreed between Us, His Moft Christian Majety, the King of Spain, the States-General of the United Provinces, and the United States of America, as follows , that is to fay,
THAT fuch Veffels ard Effects as fhould be taken in the Channel and in the North Seas, after the Space of Twelve Days. to be computed from the Ratification of the faid Preliminary Articles, thould be reftored on all Sides; That the Term fhould be One Month from the Channel and the North Seas as far as the Canary Iflands inclufively, whether in the Ocean or in the Mediterranean; Two Months from the Gaid Canary Ifands as far as the Equinocual Line or Equator ; and laftly, Five Months in all other Parts of the World, without any Exception, or any other more particular Description of Time or Place.
AND whereas the Ratifications of the faid Preliminary Articles between Us and the Moft Chriftian King, in due Form, were exchanged by the Minifters of Us and of the Moft Chriftian King, on the Third Day of this inftant February; and the Ratifications of the faid Preliminary Articles between Us and the King of Spain, were exchanged between the Minifters of Us and of the King of Spain; on the Ninth Day of this inftant February; from which Days refpectively the feveral Terms above-mentioned, of Twelve Days, of One Month, of Two Months, and of Five Months, are to be computed: And whereas it is Our Royal Will and Pleafure that the Ceffation of Hoftilities between Us and the States General of the United Provinces, and the United States of America, thould be agreeable to the Epochs fixod between Us and the Moft Chriftian King:
WE have thought fit, by and with the Advice of Our Privy Council,, to notify the fame to all Our loving Subjects, and We do declare, that Our Royal Will and Pleafure is, and we do hereby ftrictly charge and command all Our Officers, both at Sea and Land, and all' other Out Subjects whatfoever, to forbear all Acts of Hoftility, either by Sea or Land, againft His Moft Chriftian Majefty, the King of Spain, the States General of the United Provinces, and the United States of America, their Vaffals or Subjects, from .and after the refpective Times above-mentioned, and under the Penalty of incurring Our highest Difpleafure.
Given at Our Court at St. James's, the Fourteenth Day of February, in the Twenty-third Year of . Our Reign, and in the Year of Our Lord One Ttoufand, Seven Hundred and Eighty-three.
GOD fave the KING.
558
HISTORY OF NEW-YORK
To His Excellency GEORGECLINTON, Efquire, Governor, and the other the Honourable Members compofing the Board, conftituted by Law for the temporary Government of the Southern Diftriet of the State:
The MEMORIAL of the Subferibers, in Behalf of themfelves and others, the REFUGEE CITIZEN of NEW-YORK :
HOMILY SEEWITH,
T HAT your Memorialifts were among the first of the citizens the most valuable part of their lives to the common cache of of America, who in the early lager of British triarpation, affert- their country, yet they never would think themselves warranted to be ed their rights es became freeman ; and who openly contend- od against the unconflicational and arbitrary measures which were adopt- ed and purfoed by the King and Parliament of Britain, to reduce the ip. habitants of this continent to the object state of unconditional fulmition, to fach ezereifes of power m their avarice or ambition might dictate. And your Mem rislifts, after a feries of umavalling applications to the Britith court for redrefs, om alfa aforibe to themselves the honour of making the firft overtures to their then fifter colonies for eftablithing that union among themfelves, which, under the protection of Divine Providence, has proved the happy meam of their common prefervation; and which has enabled them, with fuch unparalleled fuccefs, to repel the powerful exertions of an exasperated enemy, and to close the he- zadous content by compelling even that haughty enemy to acknow- ledge thefe United States ap a free, Sovereign and independent nacion,
That your Memorialifts, confcious of the rectitude of their intenti- ons, the justice and importance of the carafe in which they were en- gaged, Stimulated by the moft facred regard for the civil and religious Liberties of their country, and podleffing the fulleft dependence upon the honour, the exertions, and fapport of their fellow fufferers, citi- zens and countrymen, fo folemaly promifed and pledged by voluntary affociations, declaring to the world, that at every hazard, expeace and danger, they would defend.and maintain their freedoms againtt every invader .--- Governed by such motives, and confding in fuch affurances, your Memorialifts in demonftratiot of the fincerity of their profeflions, moft cheerfully abandoned their comfortable habitations. their prop r- ty, and many of them every means of fapport, unon the approach of the British armament to this ftate in the year 1726; Perhaps too fan- guidely resfoning from the dictates of their can bearts, that a people on whole generolity and gratitude they were thanconfidentially depend- ing, and for whole Safety, interest and conferthey were thus fully de -. the many of them were tenants, and rented howfer either by the year, voting themfelves, would receive them with"the most cordial expreffi- ons of friendship, favour and efteem .. . 17 : :
At this period, and in the mott deftitute and difperfed circumftances, commenced the various, aggravated and fevere bardfhips, which, in the courfe of a feven years exile, your Memorialifts have experienced; and, notwithflanding of which, animated by the hope of being even- tually foccefsful in the great caule in which they had embarked . they have oneall occasions, with fortitude and firmacfa, continued to mani- felt their zeal and perfeverance, by contributing according to their pow- er and opportunity, whatever has been required from them in common with others, for public ufe or fervice: Patiently, though anxiously waiting for that happy day, which would relieve them from fuch mor- pifying fcenes of mifery, by reftoring them triumphantly to their na- tive city with liberty and peace.
Such having been the conduct, the facrifices, and the fofferings of your Memorialifts, through the tedious periods of the war, there can be bat few among all the citizens of America who have more real caule of rejoicing at the aufpiclous profpect of an bonourable peace .--- But when they reflect upon the prefent circumstances of the city, and compare them with their own :- When they remember that a very considerable part of it is reduced to afbes, and the refidue in the oc- cupstion of adherents to the British government, and followers of the British army, poffefird,. not only of all the advantages derived from trade and business of every kind, but also of weakch and influence to. fecure thofe advantages to themfcives .-. Your Memorialifts would be filled with the mot painful and alarming approcheations for their future means of fubfilence and Support, were they not comforted by the con- Sidence and truft which they repole in the juftice and wildom'of that government, which they have done to much to etablih.
Your Memorialifts have derived great fatisfaction and encouragement from the provident meafurer adopted by the Legiflature, which un- der prudent limitations, cooftitutes a temporary government for the 'fifcated eftates be appropriated, until the Legiftsture fhall otherwise fouchera district of the fate, elpecially as they flatter themnfelves that . generous attention to the cafe and 'circumlances of the difperfed and unfortunate citizens of New-York, as a principal end, dictated the expediency and propriety of this judicious and necedfary act. And your Memorialifti, podleding the fame confidence in the juftice, .
And in order to prevent as much as ponible thofe irregularities and generality and wisdom of your Honorable Board, enterteis no drashe" enfufies, which, on fuch an occasion may be apprehended, as well as But that you will be equally difpofed to take your Memorialifts under your immediate protection and favour, and to exert the powers with which you are invefted for the purpose of promoting their fpeedy and efectoel re-establishment, as far as may be practicable, in their for- ser habitations, or in as comfortable a manner es the reduced con- thiso of the city will permit.
Reduced in property, and defticute as many of your Memorialits , and notvichAsnding they have devoted fo many years of
licit the interpoation of your Honorable Board for their intered at accommodation in any instance where their application or chins would operate againfl the true intered of the late at large, or wich the rights of those who were emitted to the favour of government; but your Memorialifts are fully: perfueded that. when the merie df theb present requests are difpalfonstely and impartially invelignes, it will be abundantly evidens that on the one band, they have given the molt ample demonfuradosi of attachment, perfeversnew pol, through all the' victitudat of the arduous colocar ; and that on the other hand, thole who are in poffeltion of the city bare pericpe, with equal perseverance, exerted themselves to Support our meny and to defeat the merfures which have been parfued for the prefers tion of our lives, liberty, and the eftablithment of our freedom and independence ; nor can there be a doubt, but thet ezafperoted by ther difappointment and difgrace, they will retain the fame viste- five rage and enmity againf our happy conftitution and government; and indicated by their unconquerable prejudices, wil cant every meins in their power to attempt their fubversion. And when it is considered bow for the influence, principles and examples of the city- sem of the metropolis prevail through the remote parts of the fate, there can be as little doubt about the policy of guending print the . dangerous effects which reafonably might be- ed from at. chining the whig inhabitants and fufering the capital of the finte to remin an afylum for the difaffected, and a nuttery of tory principles. Having thus freely, but they hope, with becoming refped, found to your Honorable Board the peculiar emberraffments and ditrefn of their prefent Giustion ; and also taken the liberty to fugget fach arminients as they traft, will sufficiently vindicate the johnce and pro- printy of their claims : your Memorialits take leave to represent,
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