USA > Ohio > Cuyahoga County > Cleveland > Early history of Cleveland, Ohio : including papers and other matter relating to the adjacent country : with biographical notices of the pioneers and surveyors > Part 1
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Go 977.102 C59wh 1340278
MVI. L
GENEALOGY COLLECTION
GEN
ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY 3 1833 02279 6749
Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2016
https://archive.org/details/earlyhistoryofcl00whit_0
NORTHWEST (OLD): Whittlesey (Chas.). Early History of Cleveland, Ohio, with original papers and other matters relating to adjacent Country; biographical notices of Pioneers and Surveyors; plates and plans. 8vo, pp. 487, cloth. Cleveland, 1867. $10.50. 189 By all means the best and most reliable history of Cleveland to 1867, written from a historical and not a eulogistic standpoint. Deals with the prehistoric inhab- itants, Mound builders, etc., Indian tribes of this region, the early expeditions of Rogers, Wilkins, and Bradstreet, the Moravians, the Kentucky Land Company, the early surveys, the early boundary lines between Pennsylvania, W. Va., Ky., and Ind., early surveyors and pioneers, early navigation, early transportation, meth- ods, etc.
-
-
EARLY HISTORY
OF
CLEVELAND,
OHIO,
INCLUDING ORIGINAL PAPERS AND OTHER MATTER RELATING TO THE ADJACENT COUNTRY.
.
WITH
BIOGRAPHICAL NOTICES
OF THE
PIONEERS AND SURVEYORS.
BY COL. CHA'S WHITTLESEY.
Gc. 977.102 C59wh
CLEVELAND, O. 1867.
ยท
COPY RIGHT SECURED ACCORDING TO LAW.
FAIRBANKS, BENEDICT & CO., PRINTERS, HERALD OFFICE CLEVELAND.
PREFACE.
THE materials for this work have been accumulating many years, but were far from complete, when Judge BARR turned over to me, his historical collections without reservation. He has been engaged with much assiduity more than a quarter of a century, in reclaiming the personal history of the pioneers ; a labor which I trust their descend- ants will appreciate. The extent of the obligations I am under to him will appear frequently in this volume. 1340278
I am also indebted to a number of other gentlemen, particularly to General L. V. BIERCE and the Hon. F. WADSWORTH, of Akron, to Messrs. H. A. SMITH, Prof. J. P. KIRTLAND, JACOB PERKINS, SAMUEL WILLIAMSON, and the late JAMES S. CLARKE, Mrs. ASHBEL W. WALWORTH, and Mrs. Dr. LONG, all of Cleveland. The heirs of General MosEs CLEAVELAND, and JOHN MILTON HOLLEY, of Connecticut; the surviv- ing sons of Governor HUNTINGTON, of Painesville, and Judge WITH- ERELL, of Detroit, have done me essential service.
Many documents relating to later periods, and to other parts of the Reserve have been procured ; which will at some future period be required for historical purposes. I am more ambitious to preserve history, than to write it, and have therefore freely transcribed from papers, letters, verbal statements, and casual publications, relating to the early times. The originals are certainly more authentic, and more entertaining, than a reproduction would be, in the language of another. This plan necessarily involves some repetition, and defies strict chro- nological arrangement, but possesses more life, freshness and variety.
My prospectus included only the "Early History of Cleveland," but with a mental reservation, had the subscription warranted me in the undertaking, to enlarge the work, and include what relates to the more recent progress of the city. This I have not been enabled to do. What
iv
PREFACE.
concerns commercial matters, in later times; to railways, local improve- ments, institutions, general improvements, and general statistics, could not have been inserted, and do justice to those heroic pioneers, who laid the foundation of our prosperity. What refers to banks, churches, newspapers, trade, benevolent societies, manufactories, and the city authorities, is on record, and therefore not in danger of being lost.
In 1810, the county was organized, since when all judicial matters are to be found in the recorded proceedings of the various courts. The " Village of Cleaveland," was incorporated in 1814, and its munici- pal record is in existence. A weekly newspaper called the Cleaveland Gazette and Commercial Advertiser, was issued in August, 1818. Since that time there are unbroken files, of weekly or daily papers for refer- ence.
But for the more remote periods, it has been more difficult to obtain reliable information. Works relating to the early French and English occupation on lake Erie, and especially the southern shore, are rare, and in respect to this region, their contents are very meagre. The papers of the Connecticut Land Company and their surveyors, have been only partially transferred to Ohio. Perhaps many of them are no longer to be found in Connecticut, and such as exist are so much scattered as to be in practice inaccessible.
The personal history of the first settlers and surveyors, has been partially procured. My principal object has been to secure from obliv- ion, what relates to them. Since they are no longer with us, to speak of themselves; what they accomplished, and what they suffered, was to be sought for in traditions, private letters, and transient publica- tions. In carrying out this design, it was necessary to insert much that occurred outside of the city limits, in other parts of the Reserve. The history of the city and country, previous to the war of 1812 is so intimately connected, that it should be written as one.
CLEVELAND, January, 1867. C. W
CONTENTS.
PRE-ADAMITE HISTORY .- Geological Foundation-Quaternary, or Drift, Page 9. Buried Trees, Branches and Leaves-Lost Rocks, 10. Chemical Composition-Fresh Water Shells, 11. Hard Pan-Thickness-Encroachments of the Lake, 12. Ancient Water Levels-Ancient Shore-Quieksands, 13. Illustrations, Map and Profile-Ex- planatory Notes, 14-15. Land Slips-Stratifieation of the Drift, 16. Rate of En- eroachment, from 1796 to 1842, 17. Remains of the Elephant-Valley of the Cuyahoga, 18. Buried Timber-Fossils of the Drift-The Horse, Beaver, &c., 19. Alpine and Greenland Glaciers, 20-21. Iee Action on Lake Michigan and Lake Erie, 22. Iee Action at Tallmadge, Euclid, Austintown-Dayton, 23. Iee Action, Fae Simile, She- boygan, Wisconsin, 24. Iee Action, Lake Superior-Cause of Glaeier Motion, 25.
PRE-HISTORIC INHABITANTS .- Ancient Earth Works and Fortifications, 29-30. Ancient Copper Tools in the Ohio Mounds, 31. Aneient Copper Mines, Implements and Weapons, 32-34. Aneient Forts, Newburg and Northfield ---- Plans, 34-39. Aneient Forts, Medina County, Ohio, at Weymouth and Granger, 40-41. Ancient Fort near Painesville, 42. Fortified Hill near Conneaut-Plan, 43. Resemblance to the Moque Towns in New Mexico, 45.
WHITE MEN NOT RECOGNIZED IN HISTORY .- Ancient Ax Marks, Canfield, Newburg, Willoughby, Berlin, 47-51.
RACE OF RED MEN .- Algonquins and Iroquois as first seen by the French, 53-55. The Eries and the Andantes, 56. The French on Lake Erie, 57-58. Destruction of the Eries, Narrative of Black Snake, 59. They Challenge the Iroquois-The Iroquois Champions, 60-61. The Contest-Iroquois Vietorious, 62-63. Revenge of the Eries, and their betrayal, 64-65. They are met by the Iroquois and defeated. 66-67. Total route and destruction of the Eries, 68-69. Sketeh of Black Snake-English pledges to the Indians, 70-71
CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER OF EVENTS,-From 1535 to 1786, 73-76.
EARLY MAPS OF THE LAKE COUNTRY .- Champlain's Maps, 1634-Copy of a Portion, 77-80. Lewis Evans Map, 1755-Copy of a Portion, 81-84. Location of the Indian Tribes-Huske's and Hutchins' Maps, 85-87.
EXPEDITIONS OF ROGERS, WILKINS AND BRADSTREET .- Major Rogers, 1760 -Meeting with Pontiae, 89-91. Geographical Uncertainties-Confusion as to Rivers -Historical Error as to the Place of Meeting-Rogers' Journal-Parkman-Sir Wm. Johnson, 91-94. Freneh Fort at Sandusky-Major Wilkins, 1763, 95.
DISASTERS OF WILKINS AND BRADSTREET, BY DR. J. P KIRTLAND .- Lo- eation of the Shipwreck-Wilkins Expedition, 97-99. He reaches lake Erie-Major Moncrieffe-Historieal Notiees-Point aux Pins, 100-101. Relies of a Wreck at Rocky River-Manner of its Occurrence -- Remains of an old camp at Rocky River, 102-104. Bradstreets Expedition and Shipwreck, 1764-Parkmans Account, 105-106. Their Return-Censure of Bradstreet-Sir Wm. Johnson-How the Boats were Lost -MeMahons Beach, 107-109. Remains of Accoutrements and Boats, Gun Flints- Major Israel Putnam-Their traek Homeward-Bradstreet's Death, 110-113. Relics at McMahons Run and Rocky River described-Bayonets, Knives, Bullets, Cannon Balls, Muskets, Tomahawks, Coin, Surgical Knife, Spoons, and Skeletons, 114- 120, Burial of their dead, Tumulus Containing their Bones-An Indian among them Conflicting views as to the locality of Wilkins Disaster-Point aux Pins on the North Shore-Major Moncrieffe's Statement-Quotations from the New Port Mercury, 1763, 125-126. Lieutenant Gorrell's Journal, 1763-The Rocky River Relics, probably Brad- streets.
vi
CONTENTS.
FIRST WHITES IN CUYAHOGA COUNTY .- James Smith, Mary Campbell, Joseph Du Shattars Trading House in Brooklyn-Baptiste Fleming, Joseph Burrall, 131-132,
MORAVIANS IN CUYAHOGA COUNTY, 1786-7 .- They leave Detroit in 1786-Arrive at Huron-Reach the Cuyahoga-Schooners Beaver and Mackinaw-Seat themselves at Tinkers Creek, or Pilgerruh-Zeisberger and Heckewelder, 135-137. The Delawares persecute them-They abandon Pilgerruh, 138-139. The Massacre on the Muskin- gum, 1782-Their Journey to Petquotting-Driven from thenee to Canada, 140-141. Their return to the Muskingum, 1798-Missionaries in Ohio, 1761 to 1803, 142-144.
ORIGIN OF TITLE .- Early Claims of European Nations-Title by Possession-French and English, 145-147. Claims of the Plymouth and London Companies, 148. Conflict of the Colonial elaims, 149 Earl Warwicks deed-Patent of Connecticut, 150-151. Cessions by the Indians-Title by Conquest, 152-153. Old Colonial Difficulties revi- ved-Conflicting Claims, 154-155. The Soldier Pioneers-Early Land Speculations- Various Routes to the West, 156-157. Conflict of Jurisdiction-Salt Spring Tract- Relinquishment by Connecticut, 158. Attempts to sell in 1786-Propositions for sale, 1787-Sale to Parsons, 159. General S. H. Parsons-People on the Reserve resist Taxation, 160-161. Mode and Terms of Sale, 1795-List of Purchasers, 162-164.
THE CONNECTICUT LAND COMPANY .- Deeds, Bonds and Mortgages-Trustees of the Company-The Excess Company, 165-166. Political Rights of the Company- Articles of Association, 167. The First Directors-Plan of Survey, 168. Names of the Agents and Surveyors-Mode of Partition, 169. Six Reserved Townships-Drafts,
SURVEYS OF 1796 .- Journal of John Milton Holley, 171. From Connecticut to Can- andaigua, 172. General Cleaveland at Canandaigua, 173. Oswego, Little Sodus, Ger- undigut, or Ironduquoit, 174. Niagara Falls, Chippewa, Buffalo Creek, 175. Capt. Brant, Red Jacket, Farmers Brother-They hold a Council, 176-177. Buffalo to Presque Isle-Journal of Seth Pease, 178. Latitude of Buffalo Creek-Cattaraugus, 179. Cat- taraugus to Conneaut-Fourth of July, 1796, 180. Journal of Moses Cleaveland-The Celebration, 181-182. Holds a Treaty with Paqua-Mutual Speeches and Compli- ments; 183. Conneaut Creek in 1796, by Amzi Atwater-Plan-Camp of the Survey- ors-Boats and Store House, 184-185. Instructions of the Directors to Cleaveland, 187-188. List of the Agents, Surveyors, and Men, July, 1796, 189.
MODE OF EXECUTING THE SURVEYS .- Township Lines-Holleys Journal, 191- 192. Porter, Holley, Pease, Warren and Spafford-They go down the Pennsyl- vania Line, 193-194. Their severe Experience-Character of the Country, 195-196. The Parties United-They cross the Shenango River, 197. Reeross the Shenango- They are Wet and Uncomfortable, 198-199. Reach the Mahoning and find Settlers near the line, 200-201. Establish the South-East corner of the Reserve-Commence Running the first four Meridians, 202. New Powers given to the Agent-Committee on Partition, 203. Indueements to Settlers-The Lake Shore Survey-Mode of Equal- ization and Partition, 204-205. Their Experience on the Meridians-Arrive at the Lake, 206-207. General Cleaveland and Joshua Stow-They start for Cleveland in Boats- Enter the Cuyahoga, 208-209. Their first Cabin-An old Trading House-Job P. Stiles and his Wife, 210-211. Four Parallels Commeneed-Survey of the Lake Shore Continued Westward-Misfortunes at the Chagrin River, 212-213.
HOLLEYS JOURNAL ON THE PARALLELS .- From the Pennsylvania Line West- ward-Mistakes the Chagrin for the Cuyahoga River, 215-216. Surveys on Township Lines-Holley reaches Cuyahoga, 217. Variation of the Compass-Out of Provisions -Start for Conneaut-Meet the Boats with Stores, 220. Return to Cleveland-Pur- suit of a Bear-Allotment of Cleveland Township, 221. Surveys in Mentor-Chagrin River to Cuyahoga, 222. Capt. Perry-Cleveland 100 Acre Lots Finished-Close of Season, 223. Amzi Atwater-Biographical Notice By L. V. Bierce of Akron, 225-227. Atwaters Diary and Statement Relating to the Surveys, 228-229. Difficulty with the Employes -Orrin Harmons Statement-Arrangement made at Cleveland, Sept. 30th, 1796, 230-231. Settlement Dues in Euclid-Proceedings of the Employes, 232-233. Augustus Porter's Pian of Disposing of the City Lots, 234.
FALL OF 1796 AND WINTER FOLLOWING,-Unfinished Work, 235. Causes of the the Delay-Dissatisfaction of the Men, 236. Allotment of Cleveland-Sales of Lots, 237. Original Plan of the City-Fae Simile of Same, 238-239. Original Streets-First Purchasers of Lots, 240. Pease's Field Notes and Maps-Original name of the City- Pease's Hotel, 241. Disappearance of Original Field Notes and Maps-Departure of the Surveyors, Oct. 18, 1796-Holleys Journal, 242. Journey down the Lake-Settle- ment by the Canandaigua Company-Grand River, 143-144. Burning Spring in the Lake-They reach Conneaut, 215. Arrive at Erie-Buffalo Creek-Niagara, 246-247. Voyage down Lake Ontario-Genesee River-Gerundigut-Canandaigua, 248. John
vii
CONTENTS.
Milton Holley, 249. Moses Cleaveland, By F. Wadsworth, 250-251. Job P. Stiles and Wife, Edward Paine, 252. The Settlement in Willoughby-Pease's Journal, 253. Pease Reaches Home-Meeting of the Directors, 253. Dissatisfaction of the Stock- holders-The Excess Company-Porter's Computation, 255.
QUANTITY OF LAND IN THE PURCHASE .- Porter's Report-Collapse of the Ex- cess Company, 257. Computations of Leonard Case and Simon Perkins, 258. Cor- rected results-Quantity of Arable Land, 259. Want of a Civil Government, 260. Barr's MS.,-Events at Conneaut-Ogontz and Seneca, 261. James Kingsbury and Family at Conneaut, 262. Their sufferings-Winter of 1796-7-Kingsburys absence- Mrs. Gun, 263. Distressing Death of an Infant Child-Its Burial, 164-265. A Lucky Shot-Return of the Surveyors, 1797, 266. Kingsbury moves to Cleveland-The Old Trading House-Scttlers on the Ridge, 267. Obituary Notice of Kingsbury, Dec. 15, 1847, 268-273.
SURVEYING PARTY OF 1797 .- List of the Party-Seth Pease Principal Surveyor, 275 -276. His Journal-Journey through New York, 277. Fort Stanwix-Oswego Falls -Canandaigua, 278. The Land Party to Buffalo-Water Party to Niagara, 280-281. Drowning and Burial of David Eldridge-Other Boats Arrive, 282. Parties Preparing for the Woods-List of Supplies, 283. Orders to the Surveying Parties-Pease moves up the Cuyahoga, 284-285. Pack Horse Lost-Magnetic Variation-At the Peninsula, 236. Arrives at the Upper Head-Quarters-Prepares for the Woods, 287. Pease and Party reach the Salt Springs and South Line of the Reserve, 288. Variations of the Compass-Moses Warren's Diary, 289. Survey of the Portage Path-Meeting with Pease, 290. Survey of the Out Lots, Cleveland, 291-292.
STATEMENT OF AMZI ATWATER .- Ascent of the Mohawk-Passage of Oswego Falls -- Takes the Horses and Cattle from Canandaigua to Buffalo-Arrives at Conneaut. Reaches Cleveland with the Animals-Death of Eldridge-Proceeds to Tinkers Creek, 295-297. Indian Visitors at Upper Head-Quarters-They are Importunate for Whis- k. 298-299. Sickness and Deaths in the Party, 300-301. Address of L. V. Bierce- Sickness and Death of Bicknell, 302-305. Death of Joseph Tinker-The Sick List at Cleveland, 306-307. Mr. Pease Severely Sick-Mr. Warren in Charge, 308-309. Allot- ment of the Six Townships-Pease's Journal-He leaves the Cuyahoga Oct. 3d, 1797, 310-311. Journey to Conneaut-John Young arrives there, 312. Shipwreck of Tinker, Pearce and Edwards-Murder of George Clark on the Beaver, 313. Spafford and his Party leave Conneaut, Oct. 25th-Mr. Pease and his Party, Oct. 31st, 314. They reach Buffalo-Latitude and Longitude of Cleveland., 315. No Minerals Discovered on the Reserve by the Surveyors, 316. The Surveyors Meet at Canandaigua and Report- Proceedings of the Land Company, January, 1798-Grants to Mrs. Stiles, Gun and Wife, and Kingsbury and Wife, 317. Lorenzo Carter, By Judge Barr-Death of Wash- burne-Buildings in Cleveland, 1797-Early Burials, 318-320.
SKETCHES OF THE SURVEYORS AND PIONEERS .- Ezekiel Morley, by Alfred Morley, 322. Lot Sanford, by A. W. and R. W. Perry-The First Garden-Sanford's Companions, 323-325. Oliver Culver, 326-328. Seth Pease, by Ralph Granger, 329- 330. Nathaniel Doan, 331-332. Elijah Gun, 333, Letter of Augustus Porter, 1843, 334. Work on the Meridians -- Wild Honey, 335. Strike among the inen-Traverse of the Lake Shore, 336. Survey of Streets and Lots in Cleveland, 337. Traverse of the Cuyahoga River, 337. Lorenzo Carter, by Ashbel W. Walworth, 339. History of Ben, the Negro, 340-342. No one allowed to run away from Cleveland, 343-344. An- cient Mouth of the Cuyahoga-Carter as a Regulator, 345-346. Amos Spafford, by H. L. Hosmer, 347. Peter Manor-Sack of Perrysburg, 1812, 348-349. Sacamanc, the Faithful Indian, 350. Spaffords Losses by the War, 351-352.
THE YEAR 1798 .- Proceedings of the Land Company, 353-354. Sickness-Home Made Remedies-Faithfulness of Seth Doan-Graham Flour, 365 356.
THE YEAR 1799 .- Doan's Corners-Newburg-Early Settlers, 357.
THE YEAR 1800 .- Turhand Kirtland-Erection of Trumbull County-First Election, 358. Organization of Cleveland Township, 359. First Justices and Constables-First School, 360. Letter of J. A. Ackley-Lorenzo Carter-His Journey to Ohio, 361-362. Letter of James Hillman-Cleveland in 1786, 363. Indian Trail-Death of a Pack- horseman-The Salt Springs-Trumbull County, 364-365. Salt Boilers driven away by Soldiers in 1785-Murder of Kribs, 366. Boundaries of Cuyahoga County, and Sub- sequent Changes, 367-369. View of Cleveland Under the Hill in 1800, 370-371. Gil- man Bryants Letter-The first Distillery-Williams Mill at Newburg, 372-373. A Pio- neer Dance-An Indian Dog Feast, 374-375. Letter of Turhand Kirtland, Cleaveland, July, 1800, 376. Settlers Greatly Dissatisfied-Price of City Lots, 377-378. Samuel Huntington Visits Cleveland-His Diary, 379.
viii
CONTENTS.
THE YEAR 1801 .- Fourth of July Celebration-The first Store, 380-381. Joseph Badg- er Visits Cleveland-Spaffords Re-Survey of the Streets-Samuel Huntington and Family-His Political Advancement, 382-383.
THIE YEAR 1802 .- Blankets made of Hair-First Township Election, 384-385. An At- tack by the Wolves-Tavern Licenses in Cleveland, 386-387. Slow Sales of Lands- Original owners of Cleveland, 388.
THE YEAR 1803 .- Improved health of the Place-Whisky business under the Hill, 389 -300. Murder of Menompsy, a Medicine Man-He is accused of Mal Practice, 391. He is Stabbed by Big Son, a half brother of Stigwanish, or Seneca, 392. The Chippewas and Ottawas bent upon Revenge-Carter Negotiates- Their Fury Appeased by Whis- ky, 393. Statement of Alonzo Carter-The first Marriage, 494. Witness to the Death of Menompsy, 395. The first Warehouse -- Drowning of Henry Carter, 396-397.
THE YEAR 1804 .- Military Election and Remonstrance, 398-399.
THE YEAR 1805 .- Indian Cession of Lands West of the Cuyahoga-Letter of Wm. Dean, 400-401. Abram Tappens account of the Treaty, 402-403. Prediction of Gideon Granger-Military Election and Voters, 404-405.
THE YEAR 1806 .- Shipwreck of the Hunter Family and Black Ben, 407. Surveys West of the Cuyahoga River-Tappen's Proposition, 408-409. Tappen's Account- Surveyors at Cleveland-South Line of the Reserve Continued by Seth Pease, 410-411. Excessive Drougth-The Fire Lands-Committee on Equalization, 412. Custom House at Cleveland-First Clearance, 413-414.
THE YEAR 1807 .- Judge Huntington and Family-Other Residents, Buildings, &c., 414-415. Murder of Nickshaw-Account by General Wadsworth and Judge Hunting- ton-Senecas Ideas of Justice, 416-418. Edward Paine's Notice of Seneca, alias Stig- wanish, 419. Lottery for the Improvernent of the Muskingum Rivers-Huntington Elected Governor-The Fourth Draft, 420-423.
THE YEAR 1808 .- Shipwreck of Plumb, Gilmore, Gilbert, Spafford and Mary Billinger -Rescue of Plumb, 424-425.
THE YEAR 1809 .- Amos Spafford-Description of Cleveland by Stanley Griswold, United States Senator, 426-427. Brooklyn Township Surveyed-Settlers in Newburg, by John Harmon, 423-423.
FROM 1810 TO 1812 .- The County Organized-The first County Court-Foreshadow- ings of War -- Major Jessup, 430-431. Map of Clevleand in 1814, by Spafford and Kel- ly, 434-435. Trial and Execution of O'Mic, by Elisha Whittlesey, 437-442. Description of Cleveland in 1813, by Capt. Stanton Sholes, 442-446. Statement of Mrs. Julianna Long, 446-451. Biographical Notice of John Walworth and Mrs. Walworth, 451-454. Record of the First Settlers, 1796 to 1801, 454-455. Increase of Population, 1796 to 1866, 456. List of Collectors at Cleveland, 457. Early Lake Craft, 1679 to 1810, 457-400.
PIONEER RIVER MEN .- Early Views of the Importance of the Cuyahoga River, 461. First Forwarders, Duncan & Wilson, 1786-Batteaux Navigation, 462-463. Port of Entry in 1805-Schooner Zephyr, 1808-Warehouses are Erected and Vessels Built, 464-465. Cleveland Pier Company-The first Canal Boat, 466-467. The Days of Penn- sylvania Wagons Ended, 468. The Village Corporation and Officers, 469-470. Post Masters-Locations of the Post Office, 471-472. Court Houses of 1812 and 1828, 473- 474. Ohio City-Battle of the Bridge-List of Mayors, 475-478.
FLUCTUATIONS OF LEVEL IN LAKE ERIE .- Annual Rise and Fall-Sudden Os- cillations, 479-481. General or Secular Fluctations-History of the Observations, 482 -483. Diagram and Explanations, 484-485. Amount of Rise and Fall-Lunar Tide, 486-887.
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1867, Br CHAS. WHITTLESEY,
In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States, for the Northern District of Ohio.
ILLUSTRATIONS.
1. View of Cleveland, from the West Side, by Thomas Whelpley, 1833.
2. St. Clair Street, from Bank street, looking East. Whelpley, 1833.
3. Superior Street, from the Public Square, looking West. Whelpley 1833.
4. Euclid Street, looking West, near the Public Square. Whelpley, 1833.
5. Stockley's Pier, from the Harbor, looking East. J. Brainard, 1850.
6. Columbus Street Bridge, from Detroit street, 1835.
7. Plan of Cleveland, and Geological Profile, illustrating the encroachments of the Lake, from 1796 to 1842, - page 14.
8. Fac Simile of Ice-polished Rocks, 24.
9. Ancient Fort, Newburg, -
35.
10. Ancient Fort, Northfield, Summit county, Ohio, - -
37.
11. Ancient Fort, Weymouth, Medina county, Ohio, - - 40.
12. Ancient Fort, near Conneaut, Ashtabula county, Ohio, 43.
13. Portion of Champlain's Map of 1634, 78.
14. Portion of Lewis Evans' Map of 1755, - 83.
15 Mouth of Conneaut Creek, in 1796, 185.
16. First Map of Cleveland, Oct. 1796, -
239.
17 Cleveland under the hill, in 1800, - - 371.
18. Map of Cleveland in 1814, 434.
19. Diagram, representing the Fluctuations in Lake level, - 484.
EXPLANATION OF THE VIEWS.
1 .- CLEVELAND, FROM THE WEST SIDE .- a, Erie House, on the canal. - b, Old Bethel Church, on the side hill, in line with the Court House. -- c, Mouth of Ohio Canal, in line with the Stone Church .- d, End of Superior Lane, on the River .- e, Mandrake Street .- f, Stone Flouring Mill and Light House .- g, Mouth of the River.
2 .- ST. CLAIR STREET, LOOKING EAST .- a, Court House .- b, Stone Church .- c, Trinity Church, corner of Seneca Street .- d, Academy.
3. - PUBLIC SQUARE, LOOKING WEST .-- a, Trinity Church .- b, Governor Wood's Office .- c, Light House .- d, Cleveland Hotel .- e, Commercial Bank and Market, Bank Street .- 7, Stone Residence of Dr. Long, corner of Supc- rior and Seneca.
4 .- EUCLID STREET, LOOKING WEST .- a, Residence of Hon. J. W. Allen, on Public Square .- b, Stone Church and Trinity .- c, Court House. 5 .- STOCKLEY'S PIER, -a, Light House .- b, Ashtabula Rail Road Shop.
6 .- COLUMBUS STREET BRIDGE, from Detroit Street.
CLEVELAND FROM THE WEST SIDE, 1833. THOS WHELPLY DEL.
. f
a
A. Vallendar lith. 178 Superiorst. Cleveland, O.a
C
b
a
ST CLAIR STREET, looking East from the Corner of Bank & St Clair, Thos Whelpley del. 1833.
SUPERIOR STREET WEST OF PUBLIC SQUARE, T. WHELPLY DEL .: 833.
4-1
-
A. Vallendar lith. 178 Superiorst. Cleveland, O.
C
6
a
EUCLID STREET looking west, near the Public Square. Thos Whelpley del. 1833.
STOCKLEYS PIER FROM THE GOVERNMENT PIER, 1850. I BRAINERD DEL.
2
COLUMBUS STREET BRIDGE A.D. 1835. FROM NEAR DETROIT S.T.
PRE-ADAMITE HISTORY.
HISTORY, under a strict definition, should include nothing more than the record of human transactions, but I here venture to introduce an article which re- lates principally to natural science.
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