USA > Ohio > Adams County > A history of Adams County, Ohio, from its earliest settlement to the present time, including character sketches of the prominent persons identified with the first century of the country's growth > Part 6
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Deputy Surveyors.
The principal deputy surveyors in this district, and most of whom made surveys in Adams County, were John O'Bannon, Arthur Fox, Nathaniel Massie, John Beasley, William Lytle, Cadwallader Wallace, Allen Latham, Robert Tod, Benjamin Hough, Joseph Riggs, E. V. Kend- rick, James Taylor, Joseph Kerr, James Poage, John Ellison, Jr., John Barritt, William Robe and G. Vinsonhaler. Of all these Nathaniel Mas- sie is probably the most distinguished.
First Settlement.
In the winter of 1790, after Congress had declared this reservation open for entries and surveys upon proper warrants, Nathaniel Massie, with a few brave spirits, made the first settlement in the district at the "Three Islands," where Manchester, in Adams County, is now situated. Here they erected rude cabins for shelter on the banks of the Ohio,oppo- site the lower of the three islands, and enclosed them with strong pick- ets driven into the ground, forming a rude kind of stockade as a means of protection from attacks of the Indians.
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THE VIRGINIA MILITARY DISTRICT
From this stockade, or Station, as it was called, Massie and his chosen assistants ventured forth into the unbroken wilderness, carefully exploring the principal water-courses, noting the most desirable situa- tions and making surveys and entries of the best lands.
Manner of Making Surveys.
These excursions were full of peril; but the "plan adopted by Mas- sie," says McDonald, "was such as to insure the greatest possible se- curity. He usually had three assistant surveyors; each surveyor, in- cluding himself, was accompanied by six men, which made a mess of seven, and the whole party would amount to twenty-eight. Every man had his prescribed duty to perform. Their operations were conducted in this manner: In front went the hunter, who kept in advance of the surveyor two or three hundred yards, looking for game and prepared to give notice should any danger from Indians threaten. Then followed, after the surveyor, the two chainmen, marker, and pack-horse man with the baggage, who always kept near each other, to be prepared for de- fense, in case of an attack. Lastly, two or three hundred yards in the rear, came a man, called the spy, whose duty it was to keep on the back trail and look out, lest the party in advance might be pursued and at- tacked by surprise. Each man, the surveyor not excepted, carried his rifle, his blanket, and such other articles as he might stand in need of. On the pack-horse were carried the cooking utensils and such provisions as could be most conveniently taken. Nothing like bread was thought of. Some salt was taken, to be used sparingly. For subsistence, they de- pended on the game which the woods afforded, procured by their un- erring rifles.
- "When night came, four fires were made for cooking; that is, one for each mess. Around these fires, till sleeping time arrived, the com- pany spent their time in social glee, singing songs and telling stories. When danger was not apparent or immediate, they were as merry a set of men as ever assembled. Resting time arriving, Massie always gave the signal, and the whole party would leave their comfortable fires, and car- rying with them their blankets, their firearms, and their little baggage, walking in perfect silence two or three hundred yards from their fires. They would then scrape away the snow, and huddle down together for the night. Each mess formed one bed; they would spread down on the ground one-half of the blankets, reserving the other half for covering. The covering blankets were fastened together with skewers, to prevent them from slipping apart. Thus prepared, the whole party crouched down together with their rifles in their arms, and their pouches under their heads for pillows ; lying "spoon-fashion," with three heads one way and four the other, their feet extending to the middle of their bodies. When one turned, the whole mess turned, or else the close range would be broken, and the cold let in. In this way they lay till broad daylight, no noise, and scarcely a whisper being uttered during the night,. When it was perfectly light, Massie would call up two of the men in whom he had the most confidence and send them to reconnoiter, and make a circuit around the fires, lest an ambuscade might be formed by the Indians to destroy the party as they returned to the fires. This was
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HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY
an invariable custom in every variety of weather. Self-preservation re- quired this circumspection.
"If immortality is due to the names of heroes who have success- fully labored in the field of battle, no less honors are due to such men as Massie, who ran equal risk of life from danger with less prospect of eclat, and produced more lasting benefit to his country."
Some Incidents.
"In the early part of the winter of 1791 Massie was engaged in lo- cating and surveying lands on Ohio Brush Creek, as far up as the 'three forks,' intending, as soon as there was less danger from the Indians, to proceed on a larger scale. It was in the spring of this year that he was engaged in surveying the bottoms of the Little Miami. He had ad- vanced up the river as far as where the town of Xenia now stands with- out molestation. Early one morning the party started out to perform the labors of the day. Massie was walking in advance of the party, when an Indian was perceived by General William Lytle, with his gun pointed at Massie and in the act of firing. Lytle, with uncommon quick- ness, fired and killed the Indian. After this occurrence they advanced cautiously, and soon found themselves near an encampment of about one hundred and fifty Indians. The party commenced a rapid retreat, and were closely pursued by the Indians. The retreat and pursuit con- tinued without relaxation until the party safely reached Manchester, or Massie's Station, as it was then called.
"During the following winter Massie continued to locate and sur- vey the best lands within a reasonable distance of the Station. As the Indians were always more quiet during the winter, he employed two men, Joseph Williams and one of the Wades, to accompany him to ex- plore the valley of Paint Creek, and part of the Scioto country. He found the bottoms rich beyond his expectations, and made entries of all the good lands on that creek. During this expedition Kenton, Helm, and others, who had accompanied the various detachments from Ken- tucky, which had invaded the country, made a few entries, but the large bulk of rich land was still vacant.
"In the month of October, the following year, some canoes were procured, and Massie and his party set off by water. They proceeded up the Ohio to the mouth of the Scioto, thence up the Scioto to the mouth of Paint Creek. While meandering the Scioto they made some surveys on the bottoms. After reaching the mouth of Paint Creek, the surveyors went to work. Many surveys were made on the Scioto as far up as Westfall. Some were made on Main and others on the North Fork of Paint Creek, and the greater part of Ross and Pickaway Coun- ties were well explored and partly surveyed at this time. Massie fin- ished his intended work without meeting with any disturbance from the Indians. But one Indian was seen during this expedition, and to him they gave a hard chase. He, however, escaped. The party returned home delighted with the rich Scioto valley which they had explored."
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Time for Making Entries and Surveys.
From the opening of this reservation in 1790 until 1871, the time for making entries and surveys was repeatedly fixed by act of Congress and then extended from time to time, as is shown by the following epitome of laws bearing upon the subject :
1804. Such parts of reservation as remain unlocated for three years to be released from claim under Virginia warrants.
1807. Time extended four years.
1810. Five years allowed for obtaining and locating warrants, and seven years for returning surveys.
1814. Three years additional for locating warrants, and five years for making returns.
1821. Time of location extended two years, and returns five years.
1823. Two years additional for locating warrants, and four returning surveys.
1830. Time for issuing Virginia warrants extended to 1832.
1838. Time extended.
1841. Time further extended.
1850. Time again extended.
1855. Time extended for returning survey.
1871. Vacant lands ceded to the State of Ohio.
1872. State of Ohio ceded unsurveyed lands to Agricultural and Me- chanical College [Ohio State University.]
As shown above, the unsurveyed and unappropriated lands in the district were by Act of Congress, February 18, 1871, granted to the State of Ohio with the provision that each settler on these lands should have the privilege of pre-empting, under such restrictions as the Legisla- ture might provide, any number of acres not in excess of one hundred and sixty. This grant was accepted by the State in March, 1872, and then conveyed to the Agricultural and Mechanical College, since styled the Ohio State University, at Columbus. At the following session of the Legislature, it was enacted that the Trustees of the College should survey, set off, and convey to each such settler forty acres at the cost of the survey and deed only. And it was further provided that each such settler might demand and require the said Trustees to set off and con- vey to him one hundred and twenty acres additional or such proportion of that amount as such settler might have in actual possession, at the cost of one dollar per acre.
Under the act of 1872, the courts held that not only the title to "un- surveyed" lands in the district, but to all "unpatented" lands where the survey was not returned to the General Land Office before January 1, 1852, passed to the College. This was remedied by the act of 1893, which provided for proof of occupancy for more than twenty-one years, and an exhibit of the deed under which such occupant claimed posses- sion ; Board of Trustees to make deed, for which occupant should pay two dollars.
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HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY
Massie's Surveying Party-An Adventure With the Indians.
In the winter of 1794-5, Nathaniel Massie and his assistant survey- ors, Nathaniel Beasley, John Beasley and Peter Lee, together with about twenty-five chainmen, markers, hunters and spies, set out from Manchester to locate lands on Tod's fork of the Little Miami and the head waters of Paint Creek. After several weeks' work without inter- ruption from the Indians, the party had turned from the waters of the Miami and were slowly moving toward the waters of Paint Creek, mak- ing choice locations and noting the topographical aspect of the region lying between Caesar's Creek and Rattlesnake fork of Paint. Late one evening the party discovered tracks of Indians in the snow. A hasty reconnoiter of the vicinity was made, and a party of Indians was dis- covered encamped a short distance away. As the Indians greatly out- numbered the surveying party, it was deemed prudent to withdraw to- ward Manchester as speedily as possible. The party traveled till ten or eleven o'clock that night before going into camp. The next morning, fearing pursuit if their trail should be discovered by the Indians, they broke camp before daylight and hurriedly marched toward home. About noon they struck a fresh trail made by Indians, some mounted and others afoot. As they were evidently inferior in point of numbers, to the surveying party, it was determined to follow the trail, as it led in the direction of Brush Creek and the Ohio River. The trail was cautiously followed until evening, when the Indians were discovered making preparations for the night's encampment. This was on the waters of Clear Creek, in what is now Highland County. In his "Life of General Massie," in noting this expedition, Col. McDonald says: "It was put to a vote whether the Indian camp should be attacked immedi- ately, or whether they should postpone it till daylight. A majority were for lying by and attacking them in daylight. Two or three men were then sent to reconnoiter their camp and bring away their horses. The horses were brought away, and preparations made to lie by for the night. Massie, who was more thoughtful than the rest of the company, began to reflect on the critical situation of the party. He told them he did not approve of the idea of lying by until morning, as there was no doubt they were rapidly pursued by the Indians from the head of Caesar's Creek, and that by waiting until morning the pursuing Indians might come up in the course of the night, and when daylight appeared they would find themselves between two fires. He said it was true the Indians might be more effectually destroyed in daylight, but it was dangerous to loiter away their time on a retreat, and advised that whatever they did to the Indians should be done quickly, and the march continued toward home. It was resolved to follow his advice.
"It was about two hours in the night when this occurred. The day had been warm, and had melted the snow, which was eight inches deep, and quite soft on the top. At night it began to freeze rapidly, and by this time there was a hard crust on the top. In this situation, the crust, when broken by a man walking on a calm night, could be heard at a distance of three hundred yards. Massie, under these circumstances, prepared to attack the Indians forthwith. The men were formed in a line, in single file, with their wiping sticks in their hands to steady them when walking. They then commenced moving toward the Indian
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THE VIRGINIA MILITARY DISTRICT
camp in the following manner: The foremost would walk about twenty steps and halt ; then the next in the line would move on, stepping in the tracks of the foremost to prevent any noise when breaking the crust of the snow. In this cautious and silent manner, they crept within about twenty-five yards of the Indian encampment, when an unexpected in- terruption presented itself; a deep ravine was found between Massie and the camp, which was not perceived by the reconnoitering party. The Indians had not yet lain down to rest, but were singing and amusing themselves around their fires in the utmost self-security, not dreaming of danger in their own country in the depth of winter. The bank of the ravine concealed Massie and his men,who were on low ground, from the light of the Indian fires. After halting for a few minutes on the bank of the ravine, Massie discovered, a few paces above him, a large log which had fallen across the ravine. On this log he determined to cross the gully. Seven or eight of the men, on their hands and knees, had crossed, and were within not more than twelve or fifteen paces of the Indians, crouching low, and turning to the right and left, when too many men at the same time got on the log; and as it was old and rotten, it broke with a loud crash. This startled the Indians. The whites who had crossed over before the log broke, immediately fired into the Indian camp, shouting as they ran. The Indians fled, naked, and without their arms. No Indian was killed in the camp, although their clothing and blankets were found stained with blood. No attempt was made to pursue them. Their camp was plundered of their horses and arms, making altogether considerable booty. The party traveled that night and until noon the next day, when they halted to cook some provisions and rest their wearied limbs. After taking some refreshments, they loitered about the fires a short time, and again commenced their march through snow and brush, and about midnight of the second day, arrived at Manchester after a fatiguing march of two days and nights from the head of Caesar's Creek.
"On the last day of their march, about a mile north of where West Union now stands, one of the men who carried a bag of Indian plunder, and rode one of the horses,dropped the bag and did not miss it until they arrived at Manchester. Some time in the succeeding day, two of the men took fresh horses and rode back on the trail to look for the bag. They found the bag some distance south of the brow of the hill, and con- cluded they would go to the brow and look over for deer. When they reached it, they were astonished to find the spot where a large party of Indians had followed the trail to the top of the hill, and then stopped to eat their breakfast, leaving some bones and sinewy jerk that was too hard to eat. Had the Indians pursued the trail one hundred yards fur- ther, they would have found the bag and lain in ambush for the whites to return, and would doubtless have killed or taken prisoners the men who returned for the bag. This was truly a narrow escape."
The hill on which the Indians had encamped, and on which the bag of lost plunder was recovered, referred to above, is the elevation on the farm now owned by S. R. Stroman, about one mile to the north of West Union, on the line of Tod's Trace, which was the line of travel followed by the various expeditions from Maysville and Manchester to the Paint Creek region prior to the location of Zane's Trace in 1796.
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HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY
Original Entries and Surveys.
We give herewith the principal original entries and surveys as found in the land records of the county :
The largest entry and survey is No. 798 on Warrant No. 76, in the name of Thomas Hill. in what is now Liberty Township, on Hill's Fork of Eagle Creek. This survey contained 5,333 1-3 acres, and was made by Arthur Fox in 1793.
The longest survey is Entry No. 491, in the name of Charles Scott, in Green Township. It contains 2,000 acres, and extends from Sandy Springs along the Ohio River bottom to the mouth of Ohio Brush Creek. It is eight miles long and but one-half mile in average width. Made by Massie, April 10, 1793.
The most irregular survey is No. 14,354, for Cadwallader Wallace, on Warrant No. 8677. The survey was made by A. D. Kendrick in 1851, and contains 2,000 acres. It is in Jefferson Township.
No. 1581 was entered on February 2, 1788, by Robert Todd. It covered 1,000 acres in what is now Tiffin Township, near West Union. The Trotter land is embraced within this survey, and was originally the finest and richest upland in Adams County. It was heavily timbered with the largest yellow poplars and sugar trees. Some of the poplar trees were over eight feet in diameter.
Warrant No. I was issued to Richard Askren, and is Entry No. 1426 for 100 acres on Eagle Creek, Sprigg Township, and was surveyed by John O'Bannon, November 20, 1787.
Among the chainmen and "markers" for O'Bannon were John Nealey, J. Britton, Sylvester Munroney, George Abed, William Hood, William Christie, John Williams, Thomas Palmer and Josiah Stout.
For Arthur Fox were William Leedom, George Edgington, Rob- ert Smith, Duncan Mckenzie, James Thompson, Robert Walton, James McCutlin and John Reed.
For Massie were John McIntyre, Edward Walden, Zephaniah Wade, William Colvin, William Campbell, Thomas Kirker, Duncan McArthur, David Lovejoy, John Riggs, John Beasley, John Yochum and Nathaniel Hart.
The following are among the early entries and surveys in the county :
No. entry.
Quantity in acres.
Water course.
No. warrant.
For whom.
Date.
Surveyor.
148
1,000
Cherry Fork.
610
Mar. 10, 1794 ...
281
2,000
Brush Creek .. ....
1734
401
666%
Mouth ThreeMile
2545.
423
666%
Ohio River ..
2883
481
1,606%
Brush Creek
128
496
1,000
(opp. Lick Fork) Mouth Salt Lick.
749
450
1,000
2811.
460
1,000
272
491
450 400
Long Lick Creek Ohio River
815
491.
615
815
..
:
..
491
445
815
496
1,000
Three Mile ..
2667.
Byrd Hendrick John Steele.
Nov. 17, 1787 Jan. 1, 1788 ...
O'Bannon. .
548
778
Ohio River
602
551
500
1670
500
1,000
Mouth Buck Run
70
Mar. 10, 1794. Mar. 6, 1794
Massie. Fox. Massie.
684
1,494
Brush Creek.
1818
794.
1,000
..
1297
John Beasley.
798
...
902
1,000
Brash & Eagle Cr Three Mile
827
John McDowell ..
Nov. 18, 1787 .. O'Bannon.
i
Digitized by
1
1
...
1,000
Eagle Creek ..
2038
Oct. 6. 1798
O'Bannon.
.... ..
5,8387%
76
Albert Gallatin Francis Smith. Wm Holliday .. Wm. Ludiman ... Timothy Peyton. Thomas Hill
.... May 27, 1794 .. July 2, 1796. ...... Nov. 2. 1793 ...
Fox.
Arthur Fox. John O'Bannon. ..
Massie. O'Bannon.
Mouth of Br. Cr .. Three Mile
John T. Griffin ... Mayo Carrington Churchill Jones .. Calohill Minnis
Jan. 4, 1792 ..... Nov. 15, 1787 .. Nov. 17, 1787 ..
April 10, 1796 ..
Massie.
491
:
Charles Scott .... 815
John Winston .. Richard Taylor ... Nathaniel Fox Archdus Perkins ...
Apr. 10, 1792 ... Aug. 15. 1795 .. 'Aug. 16, 1795 ..
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THE VIRGINIA MILITARY DISTRICT
No. entry.
Quantity in aores.
Water course.
No. warrant.
For whom.
Date.
Surveyor.
912
1,000
Three Mile
12062
915
1,400 1,000
985
1010
1.000
Beasley's Fork. Baker's Fork.
241 200.
1014
1,000
200
1024
1,000
610
John Winston
Mar. 10, 1794 ...
1088
900
1018
1,000
1137
400 500 1,000
Ohio River .. Beasley's Fork Three Mile
2107
Massie.
1248
1,800
Ohio River.
2360
Fox.
1952
1,000
Brush Creek
2,99
120.
1,000
West Fork
614
1275
1,866%
Eagle Creek
2880.
1804
1,000
West Fork.
628
Robt. Morrow Thomas Belt Thos. Edmonds ... Josiah Taneyhul. John Leigh
Dec. 8, 1791.
Massie.
1112
1414
1.000
East Fork
Massie.
1419
1,777%
Brush Creek ..
107
Nov. 21, 1793 ..
Fox.
1428
1,000
Eagle Creek
1894
Henry Heth.
O'Bannon.
1480
100 2,866% 200
Brush Creek
8178
Dec. 11. 1791
1524
2,000 960
E. Side Brush Cr East Fork
8306.
Robert Woodson Lavin Powell
Jan. 3. 1792.
1540
240
Brush Creek. Brush Creek
1918-2548
And'w Woodson
May 10, 1815
John Ellison.
1551 1567 1568
500 1,000 2,000
(steam furnace) Brush Creek .. Baker's Fork (of East Fork) .. Eagle Creek Brush Creek .. Turkey Creek
Ohio River
760
8590
Jan. 3, 1788
1629 1650. 1638
400
2675
463
John Jowell
4083.
Nathan Lamme .. Richard Edwards Isaac Hite ...
Oct. 19, 1792 .. April 14, 1788 .. May 24, 1788 ... April 12, 1788 ..
O'Bannon. ..
1687
3038
Humph'y Brooke
3038
Samuel Brady .. Humph'y Brooke
April 14. 1788 .. May 24, 1788. April 12, 1788 ..
169
1,000
2,000
Brush Creek West Fork
1936.
O'Bannon.
..
175
Ohio River.
1919
2368
April 19, 1788 ..
: Massie.
1750
Brush Creek.
1006 ..
Dec. 12. 1791 ...
1766
East Fork. Lick Fork Eagle Creek
116
1789
Cherry Fork
116
116
4087.
Walter Ashmore Levin Powell.
8897
8897. : Wm. Payne.
817 ... 3235
1987 8174 1984
Francis Peyton ... Francis Taylor John Jameson George Mathins .. Aaron Denney John Fisher .. Nath. Massie. Francis Peyton ..
Massie.
287
2408
4161
3235. 280
2051
200
2728
2726.
1.000 1,200 800 000
Beasley's Fork. Cherry Fork. Eagle Creek .. Scioto Brush Cr .. Donalson's Creek Eagle Creek .. East Fork. Treber's Run.
2024 6640
Reuben Stivers ..
..... April 80, 1792 .. Feb. 20, 1794 Mar. 28, 1792 Mar. 29. 1792 April 6. 1792 ... June 22, 1792 .. April 25, 1793 .. April 25, 1796 .. June 29, 1795 .. June 25, 1795. Oct. 20, 1801 ... June 25, 1815 .. Mar. 14, 1797 ... Aug. 28, 1821 .. April 6, 1801 ...
....
1975
2018 2031 2013 2015
1,000 1,800 2.000 1,000 1.000 2,000
Brush Creek West Fork. :
=
2018
2197
1,000 100 200
1,380 2 300
4692
1418.
Benjamin Goodin Nathaniel Massie Abr'm Shepherd James Craig .. ...
Joseph Kerr. John Ellison, Jr Beasley. Cad. Wallace. John Beasey.
120 ...
888 ...
A. Kirkpatrick ... Col. Sam Hopkins Thomas Barber ... Abr'm Shepherd.
Nov. 18, 1787 .. Nov. 19, 1787 .. Nov. 2, 1791. Oct. 26, 1793 ... : :
Dec. 20. 1792. Nov. 30, 1792 .. Dec. 1, 1796.
Beasley.
1149
1164
508 ...
James Williams. Charles Harrison Calvin Cocke Henry Moss Charles Harrison John Cocke ...
Mar. 21, 1792. Oct. 3, 1799. Oct. 18, 1792
Fox.
1806
1,000 1.000 1,000 1,8333% 2.006%
Brush Creek.
806
Massie.
1858
West Fork
40
Mar. 27, 1792
O'Bannon.
1407
Brush Creek.
284
188-2565 .. 310
David Miller .. John Greene.
Nov. 19, 1787 .. Nov. 20, 1787 ..
1501
1485
Oct. 29, 1793 ...
Massie.
1515
180
Jan. 5, 1792.
=
1552
1576.
3066.
Robt. Todd ...
2868
John Fitzgerald .. Wra. Bayles ..
April 11, 1798 .. Jan. 4, 1797 ....
Massie.
1628
1,000 847 400
..
Brush Creek .. ..
2675
Dec. 9. 1791. Dec. 15. 1791 ... Nov. 20, 1792 ..
1683.
1685 .. 1686.
2,000 400 1,38816 1.000 1,000 700
1689. 1000
1,000
Ohio River ..
3033
3083.
William Vance ... Reuben Taylor ...
Mar 27, 1792
..
1720 1721
1986.
Mar 28, 1792. Mar. 2, 1795.
1768
1786
John Beasley.
1787
1790 1947.
Lick Fork East Fork
8396.
Jan. 2, 1797. Jan. 2, 1792. =
Massie. ..
1973. 1974
1,000 1,000 2.000 2.000 200 400 200 1,200 1,800 1.500 1,000 1 000 1.000
Eagle Cr. & Br.Cr Three Mile .. Ohio River. ..
25-49 3193.
1688.
Three Mile ..
3494
May 22, 1800 ... Feb. 2. 1788
John Beasley. Robt. Todd. John Beasley.
1581
100 1,000 156
1617
3167
Walter Davies. ( John O'Bannon John Armstrong Robt Jewett Maasie.
O'Bannon. Massie. :
1,100
3492-8495 8222
Robt. Boggs ... Wm. Mountjoy ...
Jan. 1, 1801
Dec. 12, 1791 ..
John Beasley Massie.
8222
Dec. 17. 1793
O'Bannon. John Beasley.
O'Bannon.
1854.
Cherry Fork ... Mouth Island Cr .. West Fork.
815
1811
291
Charles Scott ... Thos. Black well .. H. Redmyer Bolling Clark
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