USA > Ohio > Belmont County > Centennial history of Belmont County, Ohio, and representative citizens > Part 28
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The schools of Martin's Ferry have been no. small factor in building up the community and have always had the support of the churches.
THIE BANKS.
Martin's Ferry maintains three banking in- stitutions that enjoy the confidence of all the people.
The Commercial Bank Company .- The first of these in the order of establishment is the Commercial Bank Company, which was found- ed by James A. Gray and H. W. Smith, as a private bank, in January 1872, with a capital of $50.000. In 1886 George H. Smith and James A. Dickson were admitted as partners to the company, the former serving as cashier and the latter as assistant cashier.
In 1898 the bank was incorporated, with an authorized capital of $50,000.
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MARTIN'S FERRY HIGH SCHOOL.
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The People's Savings Bank Company was organized in 1891, with a capital of $50,000. It is a State incorporation, and its first direc- tors were A. D. Seamon, B. F. Brady, J. S. Harrison, Henry Floto, William Liphardt, F. R. Sedgwick, James Kerr, F. H. Fick and J. B. Montgomery. Its present officers are: L. Spence, president; F. R. Sedgwick, vice-presi- dent ; M. E. Cole, cashier.
The German Bank is also a State bank, or- ganized in 1902, with a paid-up capital of $25,- 000. Its officers are E. E. McCombs, presi- dent; J. E. Reynolds, vice-president; W. C. Bergundthal, cashier; and W. H. Woods, as- sistant cashier.
THE MANUFACTORIES.
The advantages of Martin's Ferry as a com- mercial and manufacturing center were early recognized, and in 1836 a threshing machine factory was operated by Thomas Wiley and Griffith McMillen. A year later a pottery for the manufacture of earthern and stoneware was established by William Callahan, Joseph Ste- phens, Joseph Hans and John Dakin.
In 1845 Benjamin Hoyle began to manufac- ture agricultural machinery on an extensive scale. About five years later L. Spence estab- lished the Ohio Valley Agricultural Works.
Then followed foundries and sawmills and keg factories, until in 1857 Mendenhall Broth- ers and George K. Jenkins built the first blast furnace in the Upper Ohio Valley on grounds rich in coal and iron ore, three miles from the town. Subsequently the furnace was removed to its present location, cast of the railroads and near the river, and it is successfully operated today with all modern appliances by the Wheeling Steel & Iron Company, producing 30,000 tons of Bessemer iron annually, and employing 70 men, with a monthly pay roll amounting to $1,200 per month.
The Laughlin Nail Company .- In 1873 William Clark donated 21 acres of ground for the establishment of a nail mill, and with others organized the Ohio City Iron & Nail Works, which began operations in 1874 with 50 nail machines.
Because of the stringency of the money mar- ket, the mill was compelled to suspend in 1876, when it was leased and operated by the Ben- wood Nail Company.
In 1878 the Laughlin Nail Company became the purchasers, with Alexander Laughlin, president ; W. S. Glessner, secretary; W. L. Wetherald, superintendent.
Under the new management the mill was known as the Laughlin Nail & Steel Company. Their capacity for production has been in- creased from 50 to 192 nail machines, making it one of the largest cut nail factories in the world. The product is now steel, and steel nails are made, instead of iron nails, as for- merly.
The mill is conducted as an independent company, with W. L. Glessner as president, and W. T. Dixon as secretary, and gives em- ployment to 350 men, who produce 10,000 kegs of steel cut nails per week and 12,000 tons of black and galvanized sheets of steel roofing, siding, ceiling, etc., annually. Their monthly pay roll will amount to about $22,000.
The Laughlin Tin Plate Company is oper- ated today by the American Tin Plate Com- pany, with W. T. Graham as president ; War- ner Arms as vice-president ; and Cecil Robin- son, district manager. This great tin plate fac- tory employs 1,750 hands and produces 46,000 tons of black plates for tinning, and 1,000,000 boxes tin and terne plate, and their pay roll has reached about $85,000 per month. .
In addition to the great iron and steel facto- ries above mentioned, there are also in opera- tion the Riverside Bridge Company, William Mann's foundry, Spence-Baggs Stove Com- pany, the Stanton Heater Company, the Mc- Dermott Tool Company, the Hipkins Mold Works, the Uneeda Tool Works, the Acme Sheet Metal Company, the Novelty Mold Works, the Scott Lumber Company, Martin's Ferry Barrel & Box Company, the Bettis Stave & Barrel Works, Belmont Brewery, the Avon- dale Stone Company, the Belmont Brick Com- pany, the National Glass Company, the Bean- mont Glass Company, and Wilson's laundry,
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CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF BELMONT COUNTY,
employing an aggregate of 5,600 operators, with a monthily pay roll of about $250,000.
The glass industry in Martin's Ferry had a small beginning in 1849, when Ensell and Wil- son erected the first furnace in the county.
In 1861 Michael Sweeney and James Phil- lips erected a new furnace, but, lacking means, Col. James McClumy and Joseph Bell of Wheeling became partners, and, with added capital, the enterprise was rushed with so much vigor that in 1868 it had three Io-pot furnaces and was run with great success. This company was afterward known as the West Virginia Glass Company, and is now operated by the National Glass Company.
The next glass organization was known as the Elson Glass Company. It was organized in 1882 with a capital of $120,000, with W. K. Elson as president and M. Sheets as secre- tary. It employed 175 hands and was operated with great success.
SECRET SOCIETIES.
Ohio City Lodge, No. 486, F. & A. M .- Before the organization of a lodge in Martin's Ferry, the Masons of this city were obliged to attend lodge at Bridgeport, and as there were no convenient methods of intercommunication between the two then villages, it was for a con- siderable time felt desirable to have a home lodge in Martin's Ferry. While this seemed desirable to the Martin's Ferry members, the Bridgeport members were not fully satisfied to lose the membership of the former place and the territory that a new lodge would nec- essarily cut off. However, after much talk and the discussion of many plans and propo- sitions, and the conceding of certain territorial jurisdiction, the consent of the lodge at Bridge- port was obtained, and after many discour- agements and delays a dispensation was ob- tained from the Grand Master of Ohio, to es- tablish and constitute a lodge at Martin's Ferry. On the 22nd day of April, 1874, the constitu- tion of the new lodge occurred, and was con- (luicted by Most Worshipful Grand Master Asa HT. Battin. J. Potter Jordan was installed
as the first worshipful master, L. W. Ingle- bright as the first senior warden and Hiram Frazier as the first junior warden.
Near the close of the meeting, Ross J. Al- exander, on behalf of Samuel Irwin, the young- est member of the new organization, presented the lodge with a fine copy of the Bible. His presentation speech was clothed in beautiful language, and the precious boon was accepted on behalf of the lodge by Rev. Dr. Sedgwick in a very earnest and appropriate manner. The charter members were: I. C. Sedgwick, L. W. Inglebright, L. C. Wells, Francis Wright, Samuel Young, George W. Medill, A. M. Ship- man, L. L. Smith, Ross J. Alexander, Jesse M. Ruggles, Hiram Frazier, Alexander Rose, Joseph A. Major, McGruder Selby, James A. Crossley, G. G. Sedgwick, John Z. Cochran, George E. Rider, James Dean, Edward Will- iams and J. Potter Jordan.
The first lodge room was located in Medill's Hall, on Hanover street, near the Cleveland & Pittsburg Railroad, and the new organiza- tion immediately began to grow rapidly in membership, and its influence began to be felt in the then village of about 2,000 population. The lodge membership now numbers about 115 and the membership takes an active interest in the work, and the present quarters in Com- mercial Block are roomy and pleasant.
The following is a list of those who have served the lodge as worshipful masters: J. Potter Jordan (deceased), L. W. Inglebright, Abram Lash, McGruder Selby (deceased), Humphrey Williams, C. H. Morris, Rev. A. WV. Harris, James Y. Patterson, Dr. A. R. Ong, Thomas F. Mitchell and Dr. J. W. Dar- rahı. The present officers are: E. E. McCombs. WV. M .: J. G. Parr, S. W .; J. E. Springer, J. W .; Ileyward Long, secretary; J. W. Dar- rah, treasurer; J. B. Farnell, S. D .; Harry Greer, J. D .; and James Miskell, tyler.
W'aneta Tribe No. 75, I. O. R. M., was in- stituted April 12, 1873, by District Great Chief Alexander Clohan of Bellaire, assisted by men- bers of the tribe located at Bellaire, Bridge- port and Wheeling.
The charter members were: Robert Apple-
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garth, David Applegarth, William Applegarth J. T. Craig, James Craig, Thomas Charlton, George Criswell, Jacob Diehl, J. K. Eddie, William A. Ilogue, Robert Hays, J. N. Hays, Thomas J. Irwin, James Miskell, J. C. Moore, W. H. Moore, R. O'Beirne, Jacob Pence, Fred Ritter, Benjamin Renard, J. S. St. Clair, George Sterling and J. Stahl.
The membership of the order has increased 25 per cent. since its organization.
Thomas J. Irwin, one of the charter . mem- bers of this lodge, has been re-elected great chief of records. Those who have held con- tinuous membership since the organization of the lodge are: Robert Applegarth, James Craig, Jacob Diehl, Thomas J. Irwin, James Miskell, W. H. Moore and John Sterling.
Independent Order of Odd Fellows .- Bel- mont City Lodge No. 221, I. O. O. F., Mar- tin's Ferry, was instituted March 30, 1853, with the following charter members: Shan- non Bigger, James Smith, Charles Schwartz, James Bane, Daniel Morgan, Henry Snod- grass, James Haines, J. M. Woodcock, Har- vey Pratt, Robert Cottrell, Charles H. Turner, George Geiger, John Watkins, Peter Beasle, John Fisher. Of these none remain, the last one ( J. M. Woodcock of Bridgeport) having died a short time ago.
Owing to the fact that the records of the lodge were destroyed by fire in April, 1885, it is impossible to give the names of the officers at the time of the organization, and possibly other items of interest are omitted.
On September 15, 1887, Onward Lodge, No. 758, I. O. O. F., was instituted with 23 members and continued in existence until Jan- uary 4, 1889, when the two lodges consoli- dated, the name and number of Belmont City Lodge being retained.
Naturally there has been much sickness and many deaths among the membership, but the lodge is in a fairly prosperous condition with 117 members.
The present officers of the lodge are: Jolin Jump, noble grand; Thomas H. Jones, vice grand; Theodore Snodgrass, secretary; Fred Strickling, treasurer.
Hebron Encampment, No. 149, I. O. O. F., was instituted at Bridgeport, Ohio, April 14, 1851, with William Alexander, Miller Chal- fant, Elias Dew, James Magill, Goodwin Hall, E. W. Martin and William P. Baggs as char- ter members.
The meetings were held in that village until about 1870 when it was decided to locate the encampment in Martin's Ferry, as many of the members resided there.
Like Belmont City Lodge; many of its rec- ords and paraphernalia were destroyed by fire. It is now in good condition with a membership of It.
The charter bears date of January 18, 1851, but the encampment was not instituted until almost three months later. The present offi- cers of the encampment are: C. P., Robert Ulrick; senior warden, Sutton Palmer ; junior warden, Robert Slaughter; H. P., John Vickers; scribe, George W. Burton; treasurer, William Sloan.
Welcome Lodge, No. 109, A. O. U. IV., was instituted at Martin's Ferry, December 15, 1801, with 29 charter members present. Out of this number, only six remain-11. G. Woods, John W. Reed, B. F. Brady, Nicholas Beck, George B. Barr and George W. Reece-the others having died or dropped out. The lodge gained in membership for a short time and then began to decrease because of lack of in- terest among the members. In 1897 Lewis O. Rothermund and Alex. T. Frazier died, and in 1899 R. F. Allender, Harry C. Jump and J. B. Montgomery also passed away, leaving a miem- bership of 13. About two years ago interest was aroused in the order, and the lodge now has a membership of 57, representing insur- ance to the amount of $77,000. The present officers are: P. M. W., William T. Dixon, Jr. ; M. W., William R. Pitner; foreman, Robert WV. Vatter; overseer, William L. King; recorder, George B. Barr; financier, Robert G. Heslop; receiver, Matthew Williams; guide, J. Glenn Morton; I. W., John F. Dar- rah; O. W., George W. Reece.
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CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF BELMONT COUNTY,
THOBURN POST, G. A. R.
At the outbreak of. the Civil War, many of the brave volunteers, who entered the United States service from Pease township, enlisted in the Ist and 2nd Virginia (Loyal) Infantry, and upon the reorganization of the regiments for three years they continued in the same or- ganization and fought under the leadership of Col. Joseph Thoburn, who was killed in the bloody battle of Cedar Creek. When the war was ended, and the first G. A. R. post was or- ganized in 1873, the old soldiers who had fought under Colonel Thoburn, who was him- self a brave son of Belmont County, called their organization "Thoburn Post."
The organization is still maintained, but their ranks have gradually been reduced, un- til today they number but 31. The officers for 1902 were: William Sloan, commander ; Levi Davis, senior vice-commander; John Mc- Knight, junior vice-commander; James Mis- kel, chaplain; George Barr, quartermaster; WV. G. Morgan, adjutant; Albert Liphardt, of- ficer of the day; and James Green, officer of the guard.
THE PRESS.
The Martin's Ferry Evening Times was established March 2, 1891, by Leroy C. Sedg- wick and George B. Barr under the firm name of Sedgwick & Barr, and made its first appear- ance as a six-column folio. The paper was issued from the Parker building, corner of Hanover street and the Cleveland & Pittsburg Railroad, for about two years when the office was removed to the MeDonough building, on the opposite side of Hanover street. In Octo- ber. 1803, Mr. Barr disposed of his interest to Alvin L. Sedgwick, and the firm name was changed to L. C. Sedgwick & Son. Two years later Tra B. Sedgwick was taken into the firm. Up to 1894 The Times was issued as a daily only, but in that year a weekly was added in the form of a nine-column folio, which has since been changed to eght pages. Increase in business demanded more room, and in 1898 the proprietors purchased a site and erected a
two-story brick building on 4th street, moving into it in August of that year. In 1899 the form of the daily was changed to eight pages, in which shape it is still issued.
In politics The Times has always been Repub- lican, but its fairness in the discussion of politi- cal issues, as well as the firm stand taken upon the right side of all public questions affecting the interests of the people, is evidenced by the large patronage received from those of a dif- ferent political faith. The circulation of both daily and weekly has increased steadily, until now it is the leading paper in the county both in point of circulation and influence. W. G. Creamer is at the head of the reportorial staff.
In connection with the newspaper, The Times has a job department second to none in this part of the State. From a small begin- ning it has grown to its present proportions through strict attention to business details and a disposition to deal honorably toward all its patrons, and today its reliability and the excel- lence of the work turned out are unsurpassed. Its facilities for turning ont job printing are ample-its equipment embracing the latest type faces, five presses, folder, gas engine, power cutter, stitching machine, perforator, ruling machine, etc., with workmen of experience. This department is in charge of George B. Barr, who, although disposing of his financial interest in The Times, has remained in its ser- vice since its beginning.
The matter in The Times is set by a Mer- genthaler Standard Linotype, and is the only machine of its kind in the county.
The Ohio L'alley News .- Attempts were made to establish a newspaper in Martinsville as far back as 1849. This publication was called The Enterprise, and was issued at alter- nate periods in Martinsville and Bridgeport.
This enterprise was short lived, as was another publication established a few years thereafter. No further efforts were put forth until 1872 when Mr. Barr of Wheeling organ- ized a joint stock company for the publication of The Commercial, with Mr. Barr as editor. This company soon failed, when Mr. Ashen- hurst and Mr. Clauser purchased the paper,
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and, making some needed improvements, be- gan its publication.
Mr. Clauser sold his interest to Mr. Ashen- hurst who changed the paper to a seven-column folio, and changed its name to the one it bears today : The Ohio Valley News. Mr. Ashen- hurst soon withdrew from Martin's Ferry and is now the editor of The Corner Stone at Columbus and James H. Drennen and John R. Gow succeeded him as editors and publish- ers of The Newes.
In 1876 Mr. Gow withdrew to engage in the newspaper work in Bellaire and Mr. Dren- nen continued its publication until his death in 1896. This veteran editor was one of the original Republicans of Belmont County and his paper was ever regarded as the stanch exponent of Republican principles. After his death his son, R. P. J. Drennen, conducted the business for four years when upon May I, 1900, R. D. and James H. Robinson, grand- sons of the late James H. Drennen, purchased the paper and are conducting it with great success.
THE BRIDGE OVER THE OHIO.
One of the marked improvements in the de- velopment of Martin's Ferry was the comple- tion of the Wheeling Bridge & Terminal Com- pany's bridge over the Ohio, under the man- agement of Judge Robert Il. Cochran, a former Belmont County man, who as presi- dent of the company and managing director of the Wheeling & Lake Erie Railroad, was mainly instrumental in its construction. The first engine was run over the bridge December 31, 1899, but the bridge was not completed until 1900.
The bridge is entirely of stone and steel, and is a double track railway structure, with an extensive terminal system on both sides of the river, including three double-track tun- nels in Wheeling aggregating 4,200 feet in length :.
The cost of the bridge was upwards of two million dollars. It is now under the control of the Pennsylvania Railroad. The city of Wheeling voted $700,000 for the construction
of the bridge during the administration of Judge Cochran, but the act was afterward nullified by constitutional amendment.
A NOTABLE CHARACTER.
We have elsewhere alluded to the fact that Martin's Ferry was the birthplace of America's greatest living novelist, William Dean How- ells.
Perhaps it will be a surprise to many to know that in a humble farm home, adjoining the city, there was born of "canny" Scotch- Irish parents a lad named W. J. Rainey, who possessed in remarkable degree the keenness and foresight of a trader.
When still in his "teens," he became noted as a purchaser of live stock, and could guess with the accuracy of a long experienced dealer the weight of all live stock. A few years thereafter, he added wheat and wool to the farm products he handled and with added gains.
When the Cleveland & Pittsburg stock dropped to 10 and 15 cents per share, he pur- chased largely and held the stock in confidence until it advanced to 86 when he sold.
He had now accumulated considerable wealth and when his father gave him the coal underlying his farm, of which he had come into possession after a long legal contest, Mr. Rainey associated with him a company of capitalists, to operate the mines upon an ex- tensive scale.
In the prosecution of this enterprise he be- came a millionaire. A few years ago when this humble farmer's lad died, he had accu- mulated a fortune of $25,000,000.
THE CITY OF BRIDGEPORT.
As elsewhere stated, the first legal settlenient in the county was made within the corporate limits of Bridgeport by Captain Kirkwood in 1789.
Seventeen years later Col. Ebenezer Zane had come into possession of all the lands on either side of Indian Wheeling Creek, west to
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CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF BELMONT COUNTY,
Scotts and bordering the Ohio on its west banks to what is now Burlington. On May 9, 1806, he laid out the town of Canton, now Bridgeport.
At this time the Zane road, now the National Road, extended east and west, and a State road running north and south from Wellsville to Marietta passed through the town near Flem- ing's Run.
A description of Canton or Bridgeport at this time is presented by F. Cummings in "Tour Down the Ohio," published in 1807.
"On the banks of the Ohio is a new town called Canton, laid out by Mr. Zane last year which has now 13 houses. We here crossed a ferry of a quarter of a mile to Zane's Island, which we walked across upwards of a half a mile through a fertile, extensive and well cul- tivated farm, the property of Mr. Zane, some of whose apples pulled from the orchard in passing were very refreshing, while we sat on the bank near by awaiting the ferry boat.
"At last the boat came, and we crossed the ferry of another quarter of a mile to Wheeling. "Gaining the top of the hill immediately over Wheeling, we obtained a handsome birds'- eye view of that town, Zane's Island in fine cultivation, the two ferries across the Ohio, and the pretty little village of Canton ( Bridge- port ) beyond."
In the work of improvement, Colonel Zane associated with him his son-in-law, Elijah Woods, who was very prominent in the early history of the county. Elijah Woods served as clerk of the first courts, and became an active and influential member of the first Constitutional Convention which met in Chil- licothe in 1802. After building a home on block No. 2, he operated a ferry across the back river. Mr. Woods was likewise a sur- veyor and spent much of his time in the surveying of newly acquired lands, both in Pease township and in adjoining States.
For the accommodation of the many emi- grants passing through the settlement, Thomas Thompson built a tavern and conducted a ferry on the north side of Fleming's Run. This was known as the "upper ferry" and the tav-
ern was probably the first in the county. Mr. Thompson's descendants are prosperous farm- ers and honored citizens of Pease township today.
Among the early settlers are mentioned : Moses Rhodes, Samuel Fitch, Joseph Worley, John Reed, S. Z. Sawyer, Capt. Richard Craw- ford, a courtly gentleman of the old school, who conducted a tanyard; and M. K. Durant, a hatter. -
Between 1825 and 1830 Bridgeport became a very important shipping point. Vast quan- tities of flour manufactured by the 30 grist mills in Pease township and vicinity with great quantities of farm produce and live stock were shipped on flatboats to the Southern markets.
THE FIRST BRIDGE.
The first bridge spanning the Ohio and con- necting Bridgeport with Wheeling was begun in 1836. The contractor, William LeBarron, abandoned the work before it was completed and the Zane Brothers finished it in 1838.
The old "covered bridge" as it was familiarly known subsequently became the property of the Wheeling & Belmont Bridge Company. This old bridge rendered service for 55 years, when it was replaced by the present handsome modern steel bridge, at a cost of $65,974.04.
THE INCORPORATION.
Bridgeport was incorporated March 14, 1836. Prior to the exercise of corporate authority, Peter Cusick and Hugh MeNeely were mayors and James D. Calligan was mayor from 1838 to 1840. Between 1840 and the outbreak of the Civil War in 1861, business greatly increased, and such prominent profes- sional men and merchants as Rhodes & Ogleby, Warfield & Holloway, Junkins & Branum, Anderson & Dewey, Atkinson & Company, T. C. Rowles and Dr. J. M. Todd were conspicuous characters. Today Mr. Jun- kins also remains of this historic circle.
In 1873 the incorporate limits were extended to the north line of Aetnaville, including the
BRIDGEPORT TOWN HALL.
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Aetnaville Mill property, and south to the La Belle Glass Works, including Kirkwood.
The population of Bridgeport at the 10th census was 3,963, viz:
First Ward .1,529
Second Ward 1,520
Third Ward 908
This shows an increase of 1,573 over the census of 1880, and as an evidence of the growth of Bridgeport in wealth as well as in population we note an increase in the assess- or's returns in the three wards over those of the year previous of $28,691. The tax levy for Pease township for 1902 is 1.56 and Bridgeport corporation, 2.92.
THE MAYORS AND CITY OFFICIALS.
The mayors of Bridgeport after the cor- porate election of 1847 were elected at irregu- lar times and for irregular terms. For ex- ample: Moses Rhodes was mayor from October 6, 1847; B. T. Brow, from Novem- ber 17, 1847; S. E. Francis, from April. I, 1848; John Gilbert, from May 12, 1848; Louis Smith from April 9, 1849, to April 16, 1851; John Gilbert, from April 16, 1851; John Allison, from June 12, 1852; William Gill, from December, 1852; W. W. Halstead, from April 6, 1853; William Gill, from April 3, 1854. to April 7, 1856; William Alexan- der, from April 7, 1856, to December 11, 1857; A. J. Lawrence, from December 11, 1857, to April 4, 1859: John Gilbert, from April 4, 1859; A. Grubb, from April 2, 1860; William Alexander, from April 1, 1861, to June 4, 1864; A. Goudy, from June 14, 1864, to April, 1866; William Alexander, from April, 1866; A. Goudy, from May, 1866; Israel Phillips, from April, 1867, to April, 1860; William Gill, from April, 1869; Israel Phillips, from April, 1870, to April, 1873; William Gill, from April, 1873, to April, 1875; Milton Mc- Connaughy, from April, 1875, to 1878; F. C. Robinson from April, 1878, to April, 1884; M. V. Junkins, to 1888; R. Mitchell, to April, 1800. Then followed in succession George P. Hathaway, T. W. Williams, and F. Neininger.
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