USA > Ohio > Belmont County > Centennial history of Belmont County, Ohio, and representative citizens > Part 35
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There has been sent out from this congre- gation the following foreign missionaries, viz. : In 1868, David R. Johnston, M. D., and his wife, Margaret J .; in 1869, Miss Eliza F. John- ston (now Mrs. Dr. Stewart) ; in 1875, Rev. John Giffen, D. D .; in 1881, Rev. John Kelley Giffen; in 1880, Rev. E. Morrison Giffen,-in all six. Dr. Jolinston is deceased, and his wife is in this country; all of the others are still at their work in the foreign field,-one, Rev. J. K. Giffen, being the pioneer missionary of the United Presbyterian Church in the Sou- dan, being located on the Sobat River in the heart of Africa.
The following ministers of the Gospel were reared in this community and are accredited to this congregation: Revs. H. Parks, William Wallace. D. D., E. C. Calderhead, Samuel Wallace, A. D. Clark, D. D., Thomas Love, D. D., David Paul, D. D., Thomas Drennen, T. P. Dysart, John S. McConnell, S. R. Frazier, R. B. Stewart, D. A. Duff, John Giffen, D. D., D. C. Stewart, J. R. Frazier, William McKira- han, D. D., M. F. McKirahan, J. A. McKira- han, J. K. Giffen, E. M. Giffen, J. P. Giffen, Boyd Johnson, J. K. Knox, James Gordon and WV. J. Grimes,-a total of 26. This is be- lieved to be the greatest number of ministers furnished by any other one congregation in the denomination, and perhaps more than has been furnished by one congregation of any de- nomination in Eastern Ohio.
Their first house of worship stood upon the lot on South Commons, where Auditor Beatty's residence now stands. It was erected in 1835 at a cost of $2,600. The stone and brick work
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were done by Charles II. Bailey of St. Clairs- ville and after standing 50 years the walls were still true and without a crack.
This house was completely demolished by the tornado which visited St. Clairsville April 15, 1887.
Upon its destruction the congregation imme- diately set about rebuilding. The lot on the corner of Main and Marietta streets was pur- chased and the present house was erected in 1888 at a cost of $20,000, and in this new house the congregation meets regularly for the worship of God and are quietly doing their work and endeavoring to serve God in their day and generation.
The African Methodist Episcopal Church of St. Clairsville was organized about 1840. Up to that time the colored Methodists had wor- shiped with their white brethren in the same place of worship, but during the ministry of Rev. Samuel Brockunier some trouble occurred at a communion service, and the colored Meth- odists withdrew and established a "meeting house" of their own. As the records have been destroyed, it is impossible to give the names of the first preachers and church officials or the location of the various church buildings.
The little church at present in use is on Market street. It was built at a cost of $600. The present pastor is Rev. C. L. Young, and the senior member is Father Goins. 'The offi- cial board consists of Samnel Cochran, S. Lewis, H. Swenigen, T. Davis and D. Haw- kins; the last named is also superintendent of the Sunday-school. The present membership is between 45 and 50.
THE ST. CLAIRSVILLE CEMETERY ASSOCIATION
Was organized July, 1871. A few philan- thropic citizens, realizing the great need of a suitable resting place for the dead, met together in the spring of 1871 and by liberal contribu- tions purchased the beautiful grounds now known as the Union Cemetery. The majority of these original stockholders have already been laid to rest within the grounds.
The first officers were: Trustees,-George
Brown, David Brown, William Chambers, Samuel Thompson, George Jepson, Robert E. Chambers; president, David Brown; clerk, Robert E. Chambers.
The purchase consisted of five acres of land, lying north and east of the old Presbyterian Cemetery and formerly owned by R. M. Wil- kins, and four and one-half acres, lying south of the old burying ground, from M. Over- baugh, the whole costing about $2,000. The improvements since added amount to upward of $5,000.
The present officers are: D. M. Sutton, president; George Jepson, secretary ; John Pol- lock, treasurer; trustees,-D. M. Sutton, J. B. McMechan, James Frasier, George V. Brown and George Jepson.
BELMONT COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.
The grounds of the Belmont County Agri- cultural Society are located within the incor- porated limits of St. Clairsville, and consist of 151/2 acres of land purchased in 1859, and pe- culiarly adapted to fair purposes. It is in fact a beautiful park, with enough old forest trees growing over the grounds to afford ample shade to the patrons of the fair. The grounds are valued at $2,000, and the Society has a surplus of several hundred dollars in the treas- urv. The great cyclone destroyed its main buildings in 1887, since which time the Society has been crippled in its facilities to accomino- date exhibitors. It is expected that new build- ings will be constructed in 1903.
The first Society was organized in 1838, but suspended in 1843 for want of encourage- ment. It was re-organized again in 1848. The presidents who have served the Society since that time are as follows: Solomon Bentley, Christopher Hoover, Isaac Neiswanger, Hiram Pennington, Robert Alexander, William Har- desty, Isaac Welsh, Jonathan Scofield, Henry West, Joseph M. Mitchell, Jesse Barton, David Brown, Charles H. Arrick, James F. Charles- worth, A. T. MeKelvey, A. C. Darrah, R. H. Eaton and John Sidebottom .
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CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF BELMONT COUNTY,
SECRET SOCIETIES.
Masonic Organisations .- Belmont Lodge, No. 16, F. & A. M., was the first Masonic society formed in the county, and one of the first in the State. Its charter is dated January 8, 1812, and its charter members were James Carothers, Josiah Dillon, Thomas Thompson, Joseph Patton, Ezra Ellis, Moses Morehead, Ezra Evans, Henry Evans and Benjamin Rug- gles. The opposition to Masonry in those days was so widespread that the growth of the or- der was necessarily slow. Notwithstanding, nearly all the Masonic lodges in Belmont Coun- ty are branches of this old lodge. The officers at the date of organization were: James H. Kelse, W. M .; Ezra Ellis, S. W .; and Benja- min Ruggles, J. W.
The first lodge meeting was held in a room in the old Fink Hotel building, on the ground now occupied by the United Presbyterian Church. It was subsequently moved to the jury room in the old Court House, where it remained until the construction of the new Masonic hall on South Market street, in 1857. In 1859, the building was destroyed by fire, and all the lodge records were destroyed. Re- turning to the former lodge room in the old Court House, the fraternity remained there un- til the large and commodious school building was constructed in 1869, which was built by the School Board and the Masons conjointly. The third story of this new building is de- voted to Masonry.
The officers of this old lodge 23 years ago were: J. F. Charlesworth, W. M .; Jesse Meyers, S. W .; Jesse Pratt, J. W .; W. D. Bumgarner, S. D .; Edgar Meek, J. D .; M. T. Coffland, secretary ; C. W. Carroll, treasurer; and Alfred Lake, tyler.
It was the custom of the lodge for some time after the completion of the new building to hold an annual banquet and reunion for the entertainment of the Masons and their wives, and these social occasions were looked forward to with pleasurable anticipation.
The officers of the lodge in 1902 are: J. B. Ryan, W. M. ; J. B. Meyer, S. W .; M. E. Wil-
son, J. W .; Isaac H. Gaston, treasurer ; C. B. Ryan, secretary ; Frank Bailey, S. D .; William Gummere, J. D .; and John Wilson, tyler.
St. Clairsville Chapter, No. 17, R. A. M., was chartered in 1829. Its present officers are : J. W. Hollingsworth, H. P .; A. W. Beatty, king; J. B. Ryan, scribe; C. W. Carroll, cap- tain; F. D. Bailey, P. T. J .; C. D. Ryan, R. A. C .; M. E. Wilson, G. M. 3rd veil ; J. H. Boroff, G. M. 2nd veil; Frank Bailey, G. M. Ist veil; Isaac H. Gaston, treasurer; J. B. Meyer, sec- retary ; and J. H. Wilson, guard.
Belmont Council, No. 54, R. & S. M., was chartered in 1867. The present officers are: C. W. Carroll, T. I. M .; Thomas Burtoft, D. M .; James B. Ryan, P. C. W .; Isaac H. Gas- ton, treasurer; J. B. Meyer, recorder; F. D. Bailev, C. of G .; Madison Aldredge, C. of C .; W. C. Bergundthal, steward; and J. H. Wil- son, sentinel.
Hope Commandery, No. 26, Knights Tem- plar, was chartered September 27, 1871. The present eminent commander is A. W. Beatty; secretary, J. B. Ryan. The past eminent com- manders are: Ross J. Alexander, Francis D. Bailey, Andrew J. Baggs, Chandler W. Car- roll, H. R. Bumgarner, C. F. Strahl, W. C. Bergunthal, Isaac H. Gaston, Thomas H. Bur- toft, J. A. Greenfield, James B. Ryan, John R. Gow, J. W. Hollingsworth and J. V. Meyer.
St. Clairsville Lodge, No. 698, Knights of Pythias .- Pursuant to a warrant issued by the Grand Lodge of the Knights of Pythias of Ohio, a meeting of the petitioners of the St. Clairsville Lodge, No. 698, K. of P., was held Monday, March 30, 1896, in St. Clairsville and called to order by Deputy Grand Chancel- lor W. W. Boggs, and April 3, 1896, was des- ignated as the day for institution. The officers of the lodge were named: P. C., Conrad W. Troll: C. C., C. C. Carroll; prelate, C. W. Finch; M. at A., G. E. Furboy; M. of W., Frank Roscoe; V. C., T. C. Ayers, K. of R. and S., A. L. Bumgarner: M. of E., Albert W. Troll; M. of F., P. W. Dickey.
In accordance with this order, M. A. Bridge, Grand Chancellor of Ohio, and W. W. Boggs, D. G. C., assisted by Black Prince Lodge of
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Bellaire, and Belmont Lodge, of Bridgeport, with the petitioners, met at the lodge room in St. Clairsville and proceeded with the institu- tion.
The following named persons were charter members : C. W. Troll, W. C. Kunkel, Charles Troll, W. S. Balliet, P. W. Dickey, H. T. Shepherd, Charles Steger, Charles Frink, B. R. Johnston, R. M. Collins, John M. Taylor, E. A. Sidebottom, W. G. Moore, Alvin Vancuren, Frank Troll, L. Murdaugh, J. A. Horner, Ed. Singer, Albert Troll, Frank Roscoe, J. H. Boroff, R. H. Thompson, T. C. Ayers, C. C. Carroll, A. L. Bumgarner, G. E. Furboy, C. W. Finch, A. E. McBride, Jesse Barnes, C. S. Lochary, John Lochary and M. M. Scott.
According to the annual report, the number of members in good standing in 1902 were 17 and there was a surplus in the treasury of $13.95. The presiding officers are: A. L. Bumgarner, C. C .; J. P. Hall, keeper of rec- ords; J. W. Riley, D. G. C.
DRUMMOND POST, G. A. R.,
Was organized in St. Clairsville April 20, 1882. Its charter members were J. F. Charles- worth, Samuel Hillis, Leroy Sedgwick, W. S. Kennon, James A. Barnes, W. S. Colby, J. R. Mitchell, J. W. Riley, Simon Jones, W. S. Hobbs, C. W. Carroll, W. A. Hunt, B. R. Johnson, Henry Meek, Alexander Barrett, J. E. West, H. M. Davies, Thomas Malone, B. S. McBride, W. H. Roscoe and G. P. Schick.
Eight of these charter members have been mustered out and have united with the com- rades on the other side. This lodge was named after Lieutenant Drummond, a gallant young officer of the regular army, who was killed in the War of the Rebellion. The officers of the post in 1902 are as follows: J. M. Rees, post commander; Henry Adams, senior vice com- mander; J. J. Rennard, adjutant ; J. A. Stew- art, chaplain; and B. S. McBride, quarter- master. The total membership is 65.
THE COUNTY INFIRMARY.
Before the erection of the present costly and commodious Infirmary, the poor and infirmi
were cared for in a "Poor House." This in- stitution was an unpretentious brick dwelling, located upon the farm of William Campbell, in Richland township, four miles west of St. Clairsville. The farm contained 150 acres, and was purchased for $2,800. The purchase was made in 1828 by County Commissioners Isaac Barton, David Smith and Joseph Mor- rison. As the demands made upon the house exceeded its capacity, the building was sub- jected to numerous repairs and additions, un- til, in 1870, the county erected the present large Infirmary, with all modern appliances for the economical and comfortable care of the poor and infirm. This building was erected at a cost of $63,000, and the work was done un- der the supervision of Commissioners II. Frasher, James Alexander and William Arm- strong. Subsequently a separate building was erected for a jail, and this structure was de- stroyed by fire in January, 1901, at which time one of the inmates was burned to death. The building was rebuilt at a cost of $10,000. It contains 26 cells. The present acreage of the farm is 176, and furnishes the institution with all the vegetables and fruits required for the institution, and likewise supplies the hay and grain necessary for the support of the live stock, and a portion of the grain needed for the inmates. Commissioner George M. Wise thinks the total cost of the Infirmary will be about $80,000. The number of inmates in 1902 is 157, and the cost of keeping, per capita, is $62.50.
The present board of directors are Otto Rott- meier, J. A. Brown and J. H. Heed, and the superintendent is Orlando Cope. In chapter IV is given a list of Infirmary directors from 1842.
THE PRESS.
The St. Clairsville Gasette was the pioneer newspaper of Belmont County. Some time prior to 1812, Alexander Armstrong, a man of scholarly attainments, came from one of the Eastern States and settled in St. Clairsville, then a straggling town, consisting of two rows of cabins. Recognizing the possibilities of the
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county, Mr. Armstrong conceived the idea of starting a newspaper. The field was a wide one, for in all the territory bordering on the Ohio River, from Steubenville to Marietta, and as far west as Zanesville, there was not a news- paper. Yet Mr. Armstrong's project was not without its difficulties. The population was yet sparse, with poor roads and poor mail facilities. Mr. Armstrong visited the settlements, solicit- ing aid for his project and offering his paper to subscribers for $3 per year, which in those days was a large sum, and often had to be paid in the products of the farm. He seemed to have received substantial encouragement, for in January, 1812, he began the publication of a weekly paper at St. Clairsville, called The Bel- mont Repository. It was a four-column paper, printed after the manner of that time, with wide columns and on coarse heavy paper, the four columns in the aggregate being about the width of five columns of the paper of today. The paper was devoted almost exclusively to a chronicling of the general news of the nation, and even of the world, as the editor gleaned them from his exchanges, this being long be- fore the day of Associated Press dispatches, telephones, etc., and local items of less im- portance than a murder or a hanging were not considered worthy a place in the publication.
For some reason, about August, 1818, Mr. Armstrong changed the name of the publica- tion to The Belmont Journal, but the form of the paper remained about the same. Five years later, Robert H. Miller, who afterward became a noted veteran editor, was associated with Mr. Armstrong in the publication of the paper. It seemed to have been their design to give it wider scope and influence than it had before enjoyed under its local name, and the former name was dropped and Western Post substituted. How well their expectations were realized is not recorded, but the partner- ship continued until January 1, 1825, when Mr. Armstrong, after a service of 13 years, retired from the firm, and Mr. Miller became the sole editor and proprietor. He hatl apparently dis- covered that the paper succeeded better as a local publication and again changed its title
head, calling it The St. Clairsville Gazette. By this name it has ever since been known, except for a brief time after it was consolidated with another local paper, when it was called The Gazelle and Citizen. Among the improvements added by Mr. Miller was to add another col- umn, making it a five-column paper. In those days, currency was scarce, and Mr. Miller gave notice that he would accept corn, tobacco and other farm- products in lieu of money in pay- ment of subscriptions, the same to be delivered at points in the county designated in the notice. Mr. Miller continued the publication alone un- til 1829, when George W. Manypenny, who afterward became a distinguished editor and politician at Columbus, Ohio, became asso- ciated with him. This partnership had a brief duration, being terminated in August, 1830, by the retirement of Mr. Miller, and seems not to have been a brilliant financial success, for in July, 1830, publication was suspended until Mr. Manypenny took sole charge in August of the same year. In his initial number, Mr. Manypenny states that the suspension was due to lack of funds to buy materials necessary for the publication of the paper. Mr. Manypenny, however, took up the work, enlarged the paper to a six-column, and conducted it with marked ability until March 2, 1833, when he sold The Gasette to John Y. and Jaeob Glessner, who afterward became distinguished as politicians and editors of the Manshield ( Ohio) Shield and Banner and the Zanesville Signal.
In the latter part of 1837, the Glessners sold the plant to Maj. John Trons, a blunt old gen- tleman, who had seen military service, and had had editorial experience in Pennsylvania. His administration was brief, and in March, 1838, The Gazette passed into the hands of its great- est editor, Dr. John Dunham. He was a small man and a cripple, but a man of brilliant at- tainments, an iron will and a superb courage. A year later the paper was again enlarged to a seven-column folio and under Dr. Dunham's management it obtained a wide influence. it be- ing the only Democratic paper in the Con- gressional district, and still the only one in the Ohio River counties between Steubenville and
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Marietta. By reference to the files of that time, we find that the paper was printed by Gill, Heaton & Company, a firm of practical printers, and later, from 1841 to 1847, it was printed by Heaton & Gressinger, but Dr. Dun- ham had editorial charge during the whole of this time.
Whether, up to this time, any of the editors of The Gasette had possessed a printing outfit or not is not certain, probably none of them had, but, in 1847, Dr. Dunham bought a press and became both the editor and publisher, with Alexander Patton, one of the most incisive writers of his time, as associate editor.
In February, 1847, the printing firm of John H. Heaton and Stephen Gressinger started another paper in St. Clairsville, called The Citisen, but in two years it was merged with The Gazette and the consolidation called The Gazette and Citizen. With the merger, Mr. Heaton retired from the firm, and the paper was published by Dunham & Gressinger. Dr. Dunham retired from the firm and closed his long and able editorial career March 15, 1850. From that time until February, 1856, The Gazette and Citizen was edited by Stephen Gressinger. In that year, Mr. Gressinger re- tired and was succeeded by John H. Heaton. In January, 1862, Mr. Heaton dropped the name of Citizen from the title of the paper, and ever since it has appeared under the name it now bears. In February, 1862, Mr. Heaton sold the paper to Stephen Gressinger, and on February IT, 1864, bought it back again, re- taining possession of it and editing it with sig- nal ability and success until his death August 23, 1873.
After the death of Mr. Heaton, the paper was published for the benefit of his heirs by O. J. Swaney, Esq., his administrator, until its sale to C. N. Gaumer, November 1, 1873. Dur- ing this time it was under the editorial manage- ment of Stephen Gressinger. With his re- tirement, Mr. Gressinger closed a long editorial career, during all of which he maintained uni- versal respect, even of those who had felt the force of his caustic pen.
Mr. Gaumer had been an editor of the
Zanesville Signal, was a young man of capacity and great executive ability. IIe enlarged the paper to eight columns and greatly enlarged its circulation and put it upon a paying basis. He was an expert party manipulator, and dur- ing the most part of his ownership of The Ga- sette nearly all of the county officials were of his party. He sold The Gazette to purchase the Manshield (Ohio) Shield and Banner, and afterward served Richland County in the lower house of the General Assembly of the State. Isaac M. Riley, Esq., was the purchaser of The Gasette from Mr. Gaumer, February 1, 1883. During his management, the building in which the paper was published was destroyed by a cy- clone and the material of the office severely damaged. Mr. Riley removed the office to the present site, which except for a few months, while rebuilding, has ever since been its home.
September 1, 1889, Mr. Riley sold The Ga- cette to David H. Milligan, Esq., and George E. Steenrod, who conducted it under the firmn name of Milligan & Steenrod. They enlarged the paper to a nine-column folio, and reduced the price of subscription from $2.00 to $1.50 per year. Later, about August, 1894, they further reduced the price of subscription to $1.00 per year, which it has since remained and now is. During their ownership, July 10. 1894, the office, with all the presses, type and other materials, was almost totally destroyed by fire. But by the generous assistance of friends the paper did not lose an issue. Within a few hours after the fire, plans were drawn . for the erection of a new office, and in a few days ground was purchased and the erection of the present beautiful Gazette Building com- menced. After occupying temporary quarters, The Gazette was removed into its present home December 1, 1894, and was published from an entirely new outfit of materials. On April 1, 1896, Mr. Milligan sold his interest in the pa- per to his partner, Mr. Steenrod, who at the same time sold a one-half interest to Arthur A. Clark, and the firm name became Clark & Steenrod. January 1, 1900, Mr. Steenrod re- tired from the paper, selling his interest to his partner, Mr. Clark, who conducted it alone
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until April 1, 1901, when it was purchased by D. H. Milligan. September 1, 1901, Mr. Milli- gan sold a one-half interest to D. S. Creamer, and he, with Mr. Milligan, are the present pro- prietors, under the firm name of Milligan & Creamer.
During the past 10 years, much new material has been added to the office of The Gazette, un- til today it is one of the best equipped job and general work offices in the county. Today, it enjoys a large and growing circulation and an increasing patronage in all its departments.
Politically, it has always advocated the prin- ciples of the Democratic party, and has long been recognized as the principal organ of that party in Belmont County. During the 90 years of its existence, The Gasette has had its sea- sons of adversity and prosperity. Some of its editors have been men of business ability, while others have failed for lack of such ability. Some have been men of national renown as pol- iticians and statesmen. Of these many interest- ing incidents might be told were it not beyond the scope of this article. The history of the paper is a creditable one, and its files show it to have done its part in leading the way in the development of this great county and Eastern Ohio.
The Belmont Chronicle .- The newspaper of the present day, whether a country weekly or a metropolitan daily with a half dozen editions, is a modern institution. Each is the outgrowth of something vastly different from that which we know. The great daily had its inception at the period of the Civil War, and the country weekly as a purveyor of local news came into existence at near the same time. The history of the newspaper business of Belmont County is a record of the country weekly and its evo- lution from being an exclusively political sheet to the point where local news is made the pri- mary object and political discussion but inci- dental to its publication.
In 1813, Charles Hammond published in St. Clairsville a paper which he called The Feder- alist, and from this date is reckoned the life of The Belmont Chronicle. What The Fed- cralist was like or how long it was published is
not now known. In fact the record of its ex- istence is nothing more than a tradition. It probably was a small sheet published at infre- quent intervals and taken up wholly with the expression of the political views of the editor. Such was the early newspaper, so called, but it was nothing more in fact that a political leaf- let. Hammond was one of the able and gifted men of early Ohio history, and in those days when men expressed their views in ultra terms, The Federalist, doubtless, was virile and caus- tic. Hammond later went to Cincinnati and founded the Cincinnati Gasette.
While probably something in the line of a newspaper was published at times following The Federalist, yet we find nothing definite until along in the "twenties," when The Na- tional Historian was published by Horton J. Iloward. This publication was devoted to Whig principles and as such was the predeces- sor of The Chronicle. Howard had at an earlier day published a paper at Mount Pleas- ant. He was a printer and carried on an ex- tensive business in the publication of school textbooks. How extensive his business was is shown by the fact that as early as 1837 he used upwards of $10,000 worth of paper a year. How long The Historian survived is not known, but in 1835 its successor was known as The Journal and Enquirer, and the latter was published by John Duffey for a time.
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