USA > Ohio > Ashtabula County > History of Ashtabula County, Ohio > Part 78
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The first officers were John W. Adgate, Master ; E. Y. Crowell, S. W .; H. M. Root, J. W. ; C. R. Vaughn, S. D .; Anson Wilber, J. D .; Nathaniel Brown, Treasurer ; Benjamin St. John, Secretary ; P. Y. Anthony and Jas. Nevison, Stewards ; Oliver Hitt, Tyler.
In 1864 the lodge built rooms in the third story of a frame block on the corner of Main and Water streets, which were destroyed by fire, together with contents, January 20, 1866. No insurance was held on the property. In 1867 the lodge bought and fitted up into pleasant rooms the north one-half of the third story of the present brick block, on the corner of Main and Water streets,-the same site occupied by the building containing their first rooms.
The present officers are W. L. Covell, W. M .; L. D. Webster, S. W .; H. F. Hunt, J. W .; D. C. Sperry, Treas. ; H. J. Covell, See .; R. E. St. John, S. D .; J. F. Windram, J. D. ; Robert Kinghorn, Tyler ; II. M. Root and E. H. Pifer, Stewards. The present membership of the lodge is forty-two.
Grand River Chapter, No. 104, Royal Arch Masons .- April 6, 1867, Hon. George Rex, Grand High-Priest of Royal Arch Masons of the State of Ohio, granted a dispensation to Companions Alexander McCausland, Marion Brown, S. T. Fuller, L. L. Bennett, J. T. Harvey, Dwight L. Crosby, Wm. D. Cady, J. B. Graham, G. R. Webster, Wm. B. Quirk, W. W. Sargent, and Geo. E. Gee, authorizing them to constitute and establish a chapter of Royal Arch Masons in the village of Rock Creek, nominating and appointing Companions Alexander McCausland the first High-Priest, Marion Brown King, and S. T. Fuller Scribe. May 2, 1867, the following additional officers were appointed, viz. : Companion Wm. B. Quirk, C. of H .; L. L. Bennett, P. S .; Wm. D. Cady, R. A. C .; J. B. Graham, G. M. 3d V .; D. L. Crosby, G. M. 2d V .; Geo. R. Webster, G. M. 1st V .; J. T. Harvey, T .; D. L. Crosby, S .; W. W. Sargent, G.
October 17, 1868, a charter was granted by the Grand Chapter, R. A. M., of Ohio, the charter members being the same as those named in the dispensation. Dec. 2, 1868, the chapter was fully constituted under charter, and the following officers were elected and installed : A. McCausland, H .- P .; Marion Brown, K .; Geo. Chapman, Seribe ; Wm. B. Quirk, C. of H .; L. L. Bennett, P. S .; S. T. Fuller, R. A. C .; J. B. Graham, G. M. 3d V .; D. L. Crosby, G. M. 2d V .; C. E. Norris, G. M. 1st V .; J. T. Harvey, T .; J. T. St. John, S .; G. P. Van Orman, G.
The chapter has generally been in a prosperous condition, but its membership has been somewhat reduced by the withdrawal of some members to start the new chapter at Jefferson, within the former jurisdiction of this chapter.
At the last election of officers in this chapter, held December 26, 1877, the following companions were chosen, viz. : A. MeCausland, H. P .; J. T. St. John, K .; A. C. Wilcox, Seribe ; F. E. Crosby, C. of H .; Marion Brown, P. S .; H. G. Claflin, R. A. C .; J. B. Graham, G. M. 3d V. ; G. R. Webster, G. M. 2d V .; G. P. Van Orman, G. M. 1st V. ; J. T. Harvey, F .; A. H. Rowley, S .; W. B. Quirk, G. The present membership of the chapter is forty.
Rock Creek Lodge, No. 254, I. O. O. F., was instituted June 12, 1854, by T. W. Ensign, P. G. The following are the names of the charter members : Edward A. Wright, J. F. Brown, A. L. Sprague, A. Campbell, James Stone, A. J. S. Barnes, and O. H. Priec.
The first officers were E. A. Wright, N. G. ; O. H. Price, V. G. ; J. F. Brown, R. S .; A. Campbell, Treas .; A. L. Sprague, P. S.
In 1867 the lodge bought and finished off their present rooms, in the third story of the brick block, corner of Main and Water streets. These rooms are commodious and nicely furnished. The lodge numbers fifty members, and the present officers are L. S. Geunther, N. G .; O. W. Evans, V. G .; Milton Wilder, R. S .; N. G. Foot, P. S .; Collins Latimer, Treas. ; J. J. Hoyt, A. Campbell, and O. W. Crosby, Trustees.
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Morgan Grange, No. 1301, P. of II., was organized in February, 1877. The following are the names of the charter members : A. McCausland, HI. J. Covell, P. A. Moses, J. J. Hoyt, I. N. Latimer, J. H. Wheeler, J. H. Moses, S. M. Sehoville, and their wives, and W. P. Gallup, H. S. Covell, A. Rossiter, Miss Ellen Devan, and Mrs. Mary Schoville.
The first officers were A. McCausland, Master; J. J. Hoyt, Overseer ; H. J. Covell, Sce. ; II. S. Covell, Treas. ; P. A. Moses, Lecturer ; I. N. Latimer, Chap- lain ; S. M. Schoville, Steward ; W. P. Gallup, Assistant Steward; Mrs. S. J. Moses, Lady Assistant Steward ; J. H. Moses, G. K .; Ellen Devan, Flora ; Mrs. M. P. Wheeler, Ceres ; Mary Schoville, Pomona.
The present officers are HI. J. Covell, Master; J. J. Hoyt, Overseer; A. McCausland, Lecturer; E. P. Hubbard, Steward; P. A. Moses, Assistant Steward; I. N. Latimer, Chaplain ; O. Hoyt, Treas .; W. P. Gallup, Sec .; L. R. Broekway, G. K .; Mrs. C. C. Babb, Ceres; Mrs. P. A. Moses, Flora ; Mrs. H. J. Covell, Pomona; Miss Ellen Devan, Lady Assistaut Steward. The present membership of the grange is twenty-seven.
The Young Men's Christian Association was organized in the spring of 1877, by M. N. Gardner, president of the Rome association. The first and present officers are Wm. E. Gallup, president; Horton Harvey, vice-president; Miss Addie Pettis, secretary; John Kenevig, treasurer. At the organization of the society there were but fifteen members, while at present the association numbers forty members. Meetings are held in the parlors of the Odd-Fellows' hall every Tuesday evening, with good results, several conversions having occurred among the members since the organization of the association.
The Woman's Christian Temperance Association was organized under the name of the Temperance League, in February, 1874. The first officers were Herman Covell, president; Mrs. Holt, vice-president; and Mrs. E. Lee Conkling, secretary. The society was subsequently reorganized into the Woman's Christian Temperance association. Meetings are held weekly. The present officers are Mrs. Holt, president, and Mrs. Conkling, secretary.
THE ASHTABULA AND NEW LISBON RAILROAD SCHEME.
In 1854 an effort was made by men in Ashtabula, Austinburg, Morgan, and towns south to New Lisbon, Columbiana county, to build a railroad from Ashta- bula through these towns to Warren and New Lisbon, to be called the Ashtabula and New Lisbon railroad.
Some of the enterprising citizens of Rock Creek, desiring the advantages of railroad communication, and thinking the interests of their village would be greatly enhanced by securing such a railroad, manifested a good deal of interest in the proposed work, and at the same time subscribed heavily to the capital stock. Mr. Lemuel Clark and Deacon Silas Covell were the principal stock- holders in Morgan. Mr. Clark lost by this enterprise the neat little sum of twenty-five thousand dollars, which he paid to the company in land at twenty dollars per acre, thus requiring twelve hundred and fifty acres, to which the company received a good and sufficient warranty deed, and for which Mr. Clark, by reason of the failure of the undertaking and the irresponsibility of the com- pany, received not anything of value. Mr. Covell and others who took stock in the road also lost all they invested.
MERCANTILE INTERESTS.
The first store in Morgan was opened by a Mr. Hart, about the year 1823. It was located near the present site of Mr. Wilcox's tannery. It was a small coneern in comparison to the present stores in the village. The next year after Mr. Hart opened this primitive store, G. W. St. John & Co. opcned a store in a
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HISTORY OF ASHTABULA COUNTY, OHIO.
building which stood on the present site of the large brick block corner of Main and Water streets. They carried quite an extensive stock for those days. The goods were owned by the "Co." part of the firm, consisting of Joab Austin, of Austinburg, and Dr. O. K. Ilawley.
The following exhibits the business of 1878: Three general merchandise stores, three drug-stores, three hardware-stores, two boot- and shoe-stores, two furniture-stores, one bank, one hotel, one grocery-store, one restaurant, one harness- shop, two millinery-stores, one jewelry-store, one job printing-office, one livery- stable, one market, one barber-shop, one earding-factory, two tanneries, one grist- mill, one steam saw-mill, two carriage-manufactories, one tin-shop, one foundry and machine-shop, one planing- and matching-mill, one cheese-box factory, one wagon-shop, and four blacksmith-shops. There are also in the village two photographers'-rooms, four physicians, and one dentist.
The officers of the village since the incorporation have been as follows :
Mayors .- Wm. C. St. John, 1849; Henry King, 1850; B. Strickland, 1851 ; Roger Foot, 1852; II. Wilcox, 1853 and 1854; G. W. St. John, 1855; Andrew Campbell, 1856 ; J. T. St. John, 1857; J. R. Stark, 1858; Benj. St. John, 1859; A. B. Watkins, 1861, 1862, and 1863; E. E. Pinney, 1864; H. W. Howard, 1865; E. A. Wright, 1866 and 1867; Dwight L. Crosby, 1868 ; Chas. R. Mcig, 1869; A. C. Wileox, 1870-elected for two years-and for '72; N. Thompson, 1874; N. L. Burns, 1876.
Recorders .- Nathaniel G. Foot, 1849 ; Geo. McClure, 1850 and 1851 ; II. H. Moses. 1852; H. W. Howard, 1853; R. S. Harvey, 1854; N. G. Foot, 1855 ; O. C. Sperry, 1856; Geo. W. St. John, 1857; G. W. Lawton, 1858; H. R. Latimer, 1859; E. A. Wright, 1861: W. F. Thompson, 1862; N. Thompson, 1863, 1864, 1865, 1866, 1867, and 1869; E. Wilcox, 1868; E. H. Pifer, 1870 and 1872; O. M. Parker, 1874; E. H. Pifer, 1876.
Treasurers .- Harman Wilcox, 1850; O. O. St. John, 1851; Geo. McClure, 1853; G. W. St. John, 1854; E. A. Wright, 1855; F. A. Bierce, 1856 and 1857; G. W. St. John, 1858 and 1859; A. B. Sperry, 1861 to 1867, inclusive ; A. B. Smith, 1868; A. B. Sperry, 1869; A. L. Rathbone, 1870, 1872, and 1874; Edward Kennah, 1876.
Marshals .- Cullin Hyde, 1850; A. B. Sims, 1851; Lewis Martin, 1852 and 1853; G. W. Woolsey, 1854, 1855, 1856, 1857, and 1862; W. P. Holt, 1863; G. W. Woolsey, 1864 and 1865; V. D. Latimer, 1866; H. R. Latimer, 1867; R. D. St. John, 1868; C. Laskey, 1869, 1870, 1872, and 1876.
Members of Council .- H. W. Howard, Asa D. Howe, Alexander MeCausland, Bidwell Strickland, and Anson Wilcox, 1849 ; Zalmon Sperry, Henry King, Wm. Sumner, Geo. W. Woolsey, and Asa B. Sperry, 1850; G. W. St. John, John Hawley, Lewis Martin, J. II. Belden, and M. W. Bailey, 1851; G. W. Woolsey, G. W. Lawton, Anson Wilber, J. T. St. John, and N. G. Foot, 1852; A. Wilber, L. Sperry, A. B. Sperry, J. F. Brown, and R. S. Harvey, 1853 ; A. B. Sperry, J. F. Brown, J. F. Baldwin, Wm. Sumner, and N. G. Foot, 1854; Anson Wilber, Robt. Harper, C. N. Chapman, A. B. Sims, and A. B. Smith, 1855; Thos. Walkley, Robt. Harper, Z. Sperry, E. Bailey, and J. W. Adgate, 1856; V. J. C. Hodge, A. B. Smith, A. B. Sperry, Spencer Harvey, and P. O. Cook, 1857 ; B. C. Randall, A. B. Sperry, Spencer Harvey, Jno. Anthony, and A. McCausland, 1858; A. B. Sperry, A. B. Smith, Spencer Harvey, H. A. Lusk, and E. E. Pinney, 1859; H. W. Howard, P. Anthony, A. C. Wilcox, J. Hibbard, and J. N. Thompson, 1860; J. Hibbard, E. A. Wright, John Jepson, A. C. Wilcox, and G. W. Lawton, 1861 ; A. C. Wilcox, A. R. Rathbone, Jos. Hibbard, G. W. Lawton, and I. Champion, 1862; I. Champion, J. Hibbard, A. C. Wilcox, G. W. Lawton, and G. M. Hoyt, 1863; G. W. Lawton, A. B. Smith, W. P. IFolt, A. C. Wilcox, and Ed. Bailey, 1864 and 1865; E. Bailey, A. C. Wilcox, G. W. Lawton, A. B. Smith, H. W. Howard, 1866 ; A. B. Smith, Ed. Bailey, G. W. Lawton, W. P. Holt, and H. R. Latimer, 1867; A. C. Wilcox, E. Bailey, W. P. P. Holt, A. L. Rathbone, and Wm. H. Wright, 1868; Geo. B. St. John, J. Hib- bard, Jno. Jepson, S. W. Laden, and A. L. Rathbone, 1869; J. Hibbard, Ed. Kennah, and Geo. Bailey, for one year; V. R. Phillips, V. D. Latimer, and G. M. Hoyt, for two years, 1870; J. Hibbard, M. Brettell, and G. W. Woolsey, 1871; G. M. Hoyt, V. R. Phillips, and V. D. Latimer, 1872; G. W. Woolsey, J. Hibbard, and S. W. Laden, 1873; A. B. Watkins, Henry Piper, A. Campbell, D. M. Glad- ding, S. W. Laden, and G. W. Woolsey, 1874; G. Woolsey, D. C. Sperry, and S. W. Laden, 1875; H. J. Covell, J. F. Windram, and Orlando Hoyt, 1876; N. Kasson, J. M. Thompson, and A. M. Barker, 1877.
THE EXECUTION OF PO-CHE-KA.
The following is an account of the execution of this Indian chieftain, written by David Wright, Esq., an carly settler of this township:
". I was as well acquainted with Po-che-ka, the young chief of the Chippewa tribe, as with any Indian I ever knew, having spent many a winter evening with him in acquiring his language and imparting to him our own, and the history and
geography of our country, while he in return would exhibit on the floor geo- graphical outlines of the country his and neighboring tribes occupied, bordering on the great lakes and in Canada. Some eight or ten years passed on and we usually met with our accustomed 'Sago niche' (How do you do, friend ?). But our in- terviews were soon to end. Po-che-ka and a half-breed Indian committed murder. Two young men by the name of Buell, from Bloomfield, Geneva county, New York, had taken their farm in Huron, some distance from neighbors. They sold a horse to Po-che-ka, and received furs in payment. The Indians took their horse and went on towards Detroit; but after some days' trial, the horse not mecting their expecta- tion returned with him and urged the Buells to exchange, but they had sent their furs to the east and could not comply with their request. This waked up their Indian temper, and during the night they tomahawked their hosts, before whose fire they had been invited to sleep, and fled to Sandusky, where their tribe was assembled iu council. The fact that the Buells were found tomahawked, and the sudden disappearance of the Indians, led the settlers strongly to suspect them guilty of the murder, and a company of militia with arms went to Sandusky in pursuit of theu. They demanded them of the chief, giving him a detailed account of the circumstances, who readily delivered them up for trial. On their way to Cleveland, while the company were taking some refreshments, the accomplice of Po-che-ka, though his hands and arms were pinioned, contrived to get the muzzle of his rife under his chin, cocked and fired it with his toe, and thus ended his life. Po-che-ka made his escape and returned to Sandusky, where he was artfully detained by a Mr. Whitaker until he was retaken and conveyed to Cleveland, where he was confined in the chamber of Mr. Carter to await trial. Hc denied the charge preferred against him for awhile, but finally confessed it. He was sentenced to be hung on the 26th day of June, 1812. Omick, his father, remonstrated against the manner of his execution. 'Hanging,' he said, 'would shake the spirit, but, if permitted, he would take hius into the street and hew him to picces with his tomahawk.' The sheriff told him, 'That would not be according to the laws of the United States, but he must be hung by the neck till dead.'
" On the day previous to his execution I was in Cleveland, passing in front of the house where he was chained, when he saw me, called me by name, and beekoned me to come in and see him. I obtained permission and entered his chamber, when the following conversation, as near as my memory serves me, took place : ' Ah, Po-che-ka ! what are you chained here for ?' ' Wabunk meh kickapoo.' (To-morrow I die.) 'What have you been doing ?' ' Meh tomahawk chemoke mun.' (I kill white man.) 'Oh! what did you do that for ? Talk in Yankee, Po-che-ka.' ' Meh too much mad.' After a short pause, I expressed my sorrow that he had done so and now he must die on the gallows. He re- plied : ' Po-che-ka come again,-may-be white man, may-be Indian, may-be horse, may-be dog.' 'No, if Po-che-ka is hung till he is dead I shall never see him again in this world.' But my saying so did not drive him from his belief in the doctrine of transmigration of souls. On the next day, the 26th of June, after an appropriate sermon, by the Rev. Father Badger, to a large concourse of people, the criminal, having the rope about his neck, seated on his eoffin, on a cart, sang his death-song on his way to the scaffold. He was escorted by an indepen- dent battalion, under the command of Major MeArthur, to the place of execu- tion. On the scaffold he requested permission of the sheriff, Mr. Baldwin, to speak to the people, which was given. He took a paper from his bosom, which he had written in hieroglyphics, and began to read, but such was his excitement, though I stood within a few yards of him I could not understand words enough to make a sentence. He soon became so agitated he stopped reading, gave the papers to the sheriff, and sat down ; seeing the sheriff about to cut the rope, he elung to one of the braecs and held fast. He had all along hoped to be pardoned or expected release from some quarter. Mr. Carter offered him a glass of whisky if he would take his seat ; he reluctantly complied, drank his whisky, and was immediately launched into eternity."
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.
VICTORIAN D. LATIMER.
The subject of the following sketch was born in the township where he now resides, on the third day of September, 1843. He is the fifth child of William and Corresta Reed Latimer, the former of whom was born in Otis, Massachu- setts, and the latter in Granby, Connecticut. The family came to Ohio in 1818. The mother still resides there, the father having died in 1870. Victorian D. received a fair academie education. He was a member of the Eighty-seventh Regiment, Ohio Volunteers, and was taken prisoner by the southern Coufederaey, at Harper's Ferry, on September 18, 1862. Returning after the expiration of
Photo. by H. M. Phelps, Morgan, O.
BRADLEY CUMMINGS RANDALL.
The desire for approbation is as legitimate as the desire for food, and when a man, actuated by pure motives, accomplishes something from which good is derived, he merits the approval of the hearts that love him, and he receives their expressions of praise with grateful pleasure. It is our purpose to write a brief notice in commendation of him whose name and portrait head this sketch, feeling assured that by a merito- rious and blameless life he is deserving of mention in the pages of this work. Jason and Martha Randall, the parents of Bradley Cummings, removed from Genesee connty, New York, to Ohio, and located in Kirt- land township, then Geauga, but now attached to Lake county, at which point they arrived in February, 1819. It was here, on the 25th day of February, 1820, that the subject of the present sketch was born. His parents eventnally removed to Chardon, Geauga county, and died there, -the father in 1853, and the mother in 1858. Bradley C. was the youngest son and the sixth child of a family of ten. His education was begun of course as that of every American boy has begun,-at the dis- triet school, and finished at the academy situated in Kirtland village. Tanght perhaps two terms of school, and then engaged in the business of merchandising, as a partner in the firm of Randall, Cook & Co., at Chardon, Geauga connty. In connection with the store the firm operated an extensive morocco factory, and also dealt largely in general produce, wool, etc. This was the commencement of a series of years of toil in the occupation by which he acquired the handsome competence he was not permitted to live to enjoy. Continned in business at Chardon until 1855, when he removed to Rock Creek, purchased a tannery and opened a dry goods store; this was under the firm-name of Cook & Randall. Their mercantile department increased until they had as ex-
tensive a stock as was shown in the county. The tannery grew to be a stupendous enterprise. In 1861 he became sole owner, and continued as snch until the 20th day of January, 1867, when his useful and honor- able life was bronght to a close. His death was deeply regretted, for the loss of a truly worthy and good citizen always leaves a void not easily filled.
Mr. Randall was united in marriage, on the 18th day of April, 1848, to Flora C., danghter of Thomas and Ruby Murphy, of Chardon, Geauga connty, who were among the pioneers of that township. This estimable lady is still living in widowhood. The children of this mar- riage were Carlton Bradley, who was born in Chardon, on Jannary 19, 1849. He was married, on June 20, 1870, to Frances A. Shafer, of Morgan township. He was only permitted to enjoy the marriage rela- tion a brief period, dying of pulmonary consumption May 29, 1872. The next child was Ida Flora, who was born on the 21st day of May, 1851, also in Chardon. Her marriage occurred on the 24th day of September, 1870, and her death on the 29th day of the same month and year. She was a noble girl, too frail perhaps to endure the many bitter experiences of life.
Mr. Randall was strongly Republican in politics, was a member of the independent order of Odd Fellows, and in early life a communicant of the Baptist church, and in later years an attendant at the Congrega- tional church. He was universally respected and esteemed as a man of sterling integrity, excellent business qualifications, sound judgment, and uncommon ability; an ever kind and indulgent husband and father, and, although ever engrossed with the cares of his business, vet had always time for those attentions which every one happily wedded loves to bestow.
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HISTORY OF ASHTABULA COUNTY, OHIO.
his term of service, he engaged in the mereantile business. In the year 1875 he ereeted the fine briek bloek where he now earries on the drug and hardware trade.
He was united in marriage, on October 4, 1864, to Esther, daughter of Bald- win and Harriet Fitzgerald Morris. From this marriage have been born two children; these are Lenah, born May 8, 1866, and Frank O., whose birth oeeurred April 16, 1868.
JAMES STONE.
July 4, 1803, the father of the subject of this sketeh made his entranee into the township of Morgan. He came originally from Connecticut. In the War of 1812 he was in command of a volunteer militia company. The farm upon which he made a settlement is now owned by the heirs of James Stone, Jr. Ilis parents were James and Isabel Dewey Stone, who deceased, the father February 17, 1831, and the mother February 24, 1860. James Stone, Jr., was born Feb- ruary 13, 1809. He was the fifth of a family of eight children, and aequired his education as best he might at that early day, attending the distriet sehool at such times as he could be spared from the labors of the farm until he arrived at the age of twelve years, after which he studied evenings by the light of the wide, open fireplace.
About the time of the death of his father he became the owner of fifty acres of land, and this was the start for the ample fortune afterwards accumulated.
He was for many years actively engaged in the dairy interests of the county,
usually manufacturing the milk from one hundred eows. He will be remembered as having made several enormous cheeses ; for one of these, weighing some nine- teen hundred pounds, he was awarded a silver eup by the American Institute, at New York, in 1848.
In his township he was publie-spirited and energetie, and as a consequence was usually in some township offiee. Was a justice of the peace for many years.
He early espoused the cause of the eolored man, and was one of the seven in Morgan township who voted for James G. Birney, candidate of the Abolition party for President. His house was a station on the underground railroad in the early, perilous days of the slavery agitation.
Early left with the eare of his father's family, he brought them up in a manner ereditable to his kindness of heart. In his social relations he was ever kind and affectionate.
On the 5th of February, 1834, Mr. Stone was united in marriage to Abbie A. Loveridge, who came with her parents from Colehester, Conn., and was residing in Morgan township at the time of her marriage. From this marriage was born, on August 29, 1836, Abbie A., who is still resident on the old homestead. The 6th of the subsequent October the mother of Abbie died, and on September 8, 1842, Mr. Stone was again married to Naney M., daughter of Harry W. and Naney Wright Loomis, who were of the pioneer settlers in Windsor township. The children of this marriage are James Birney, born August 25, 1845, deceased ; Berenia L., born April 20, 1849, deceased ; Lillie Bertha, born June 20, 1854, deceased ; and James Ralph, who was born August 22, 1858, and is now eom- pleting his education at Grand River institute, Austinburg, this eounty.
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Photo. by O. A. Dolph, Morgan, O. ALONZO MOSES.
MONROE TOWNSHIP.
THIS township is number twelve of the first range of townships in the Con- necticut Western Reserve. It is the largest township in the county, being seven miles in length by five in width. The surface is generally level and low. The soil is a heavy clay, except a portion of the township in the vicinity of the village of Kelloggsville, where it inclines to gravel. It is watered principally by Ashtabula creek, the main branch of which flows through the southwestern portion of the township. The north branch enters the township near the northeast corner, and flows in a southwestwardly course, meeting and uniting with the main branch a short distance south of Kelloggsville. Conneaut creek flows through the north- western part of the township. These streams afford excellent water-power, which has been taken advantage of by the settlers while clearing up the heavy forests. Saw-mills and grist-mills have been constructed on hoth these streams in this township.
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