USA > Ohio > Ohio legislative history, 1913-1917 > Part 28
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On September 18th, 1906, Mr. Shaw was united in marriage with Miss Julia Irene Snyder, of Norwalk, Ohio, and they have two daughters and a son.
OHIO BOARD OF ADMINISTRATION
HON. D. S. CREAMER, Chairman, Columbus. MR. H. S. RIDDLE, Columbus.
HARRY JAMES MADDY, Secretary, Columbus.
HON. I. S. GUTHERY, Marion County. DR. H. S. REINHART, Columbus.
THE OHIO BOARD OF ADMINISTRATION.
Good business methods, a proper regard for the welfare of its wards, their relatives and friends and common sense judgment in man- agement have earned for Ohio first rank among the states in the man- ner of conducting the affairs of benevolent and penal institutions.
This is made possible by the central board plan of management which has existed in Ohio since August, 1911, when the Ohio Board of Administration of four members superseded the separate boards of trustees or managers for each state institution.
Charged with the custody of property valued at more than $26,- 000,000, with the expenditure of more than $5,000,000 annually, with the welfare of approximately 23,000 inmates in 20 state institutions, and directing the work of 2,923 civilian and 403 inmate employes, the Ohio Board of Administration is the most important board in the state service. Its actions and judgments affect not only the many thousands of wards of the state, but also their families.
The success of the central board is firmly established when it is said that it has proved more economical and has rendered a better service than the separate boards and that not one word of censure or breath of suspicion has been directed at the Board of Administration since it came into existence.
Clean business adminstration and a broad, humanitarian considera- tion for the welfare of unfortunates under its supervision have pre- vailed, to the exclusion of conditions that frequently caused much unpleasantness in the days of the independent boards.
The record of the Ohio Board of Administration is an enviable one, as is attested by the fact that other states have come to Ohio for ideas on progressive institutional management.
Under the supervision of the Board of Administration, broader, more humane and more practical methods of dealing with the blind, deaf, insane, feeble-minded, epileptic and delinquent classes have been inaugurated. Greater advancement along this line has been made in the last six and one-half years than was apparent in the preceding 25 years, due to systematic and business-like procedure. And the Board of Administration is ever laboring to effect greater improvements.
To the inmates of state hospitals for the insane, the Board, through its managing officers, affords treatment and medical attention with a
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OHIO LEGISLATIVE HISTORY.
view of restoring them to normal mental condition. For those whose minds are hopelessly blighted, the Board provides a haven where the surroundings are made homelike as far as is possible in an institution.
This is also true of the epileptic and the feeble-minded.
The deaf and the blind are given mental and vocational training and the delinquents, juvenile and adult, are dealt with in a manner calculated to improve them mentally, morally and physically, that they may be restored to a normal place in society. Without resorting to sentimentality, the Board has instituted innovations in Ohio's penal and correctional institutions that make them all reformative, rather than punitive.
In 1913 the state purchased a tract of 1,448 acres in Madison county, on which a new penitentiary, plans for which are now being prepared, will be erected. The site cost $250,304. The tract contains some of the finest soil in Ohio, well adapted to cultivation, and under the management of the Board of Administration has been made to yield a maximum amount of garden and field products, to supplement that raised on the farms of the various institutions.
Several hundred acres of the tract were of virgin soil when ac- quired by the state. This has been cleared and tiled and is now rich in its yield of crops.
The Board has erected at the new prison farm large dairy barns, in which a constantly increasing herd of pure strain Holsteins, now numbering about 200, is housed, together with other farm buildings, such as horse and storage barns, piggery, ice house, implement house, poultry house, granaries, and a large dormitory to accommodate the daily average of 140 prisoners from the Ohio Penitentiary, who as trusted inmates, are assigned to the farm as laborers. At the canning plant installed at the farm, thousands of gallons of vegetables are put up and distributed to the various institutions.
Altogether the state owns and the Board controls 10,832.75 acres of land and leases 1,515.44 acres, a total of 12,348.19 acres. About 8,000 acres are tillable, and about 2,500 acres are in garden truck. In the fiscal year ending June 30, 1917, the Board's farm production aggregated $616,068.18, which showed a profit of $212,644.78.
An inventory of live stock shows that the state institutions have 1,400 heads of cattle, of which more than 1,000 are milch cows; 3,500 head of hogs, 299 horses, 174 mules, 20,000 chickens, 1,000 ducks and 302 turkeys.
The state institutions consume about 8,248,000 pounds of milk a year, of which amount, more than 6,000,000 pounds are produced in
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OHIO LEGISLATIVE HISTORY.
state-owned dairies. As the herds are enlarged the production is be- ing increased.
The business affairs of the Board receive the same careful con- sideration and attention that any firm or astute business man gives to a private enterprise. As result, the tax payers are saved thousands of dollars annually that would otherwise, in the regular course of business, go into the hands of those with whom the board deals. For instance, by the use of good business methods and prompt discount of bills, the Board's fiscal department, in 1917, saved the state $18,421.29, or $8,281.29 more than the aggregate of salaries of the employes of that department.
By competitive bidding, the Board is enabled to buy at a reason- able price and at the same time insure the delivery of first-class merchandise.
The state institutions are supplied largely through the Central Warehouse, the big wholesale department of the Board. The Central Warehouse is located at the Ohio Penitentiary and has a capital of $100,000.
The purchasing agent of the Board makes all purchases for the Central Warehouse, taking advantage of the best market conditions, as well as of all cash discounts offered. Upon receipt of requisitions from the various state institutions, orders are placed with the Central Warehouse and shipments are made and billed direct to the institution placing the order. Upon receipt of goods and invoices, and with quan- tity, quality and price approved by the managing officer, vouchers are prepared payable to the Central Warehouse.
The prices from the Central Warehouse to the institutions are just a fraction higher than the original purchase price, so as to protect and not deplete the Central Warehouse fund.
For the year ending June 30, 1917, the Central Warehouse sales amounted to $375,042.96. Of this amount, $44,734.92 was for roasted coffee, the Central Warehouse buying the coffee in the green, roasting and then selling to the state institutions, thereby giving them a high grade coffee at a most moderate price.
Under the supervison of the Board, the state-use system of manufacture at the Ohio Penitentiary and the Ohio State Reformatory at Mansfield, has resulted in the saving of large sums for the various state and county institutions and departments and the political sub- divisons that are by law required to purchase prison-made commodities.
In addition to furnishing employment to prisoners in the two in- stitutions, there are other outstanding good features of the state-use system, which superseded the contract system, abolished by the Wertz
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OHIO LEGISLATIVE HISTORY.
law, passed in 1906. The dependents of the prisoners thus employed receive 90 per cent of the inmates' earnings, allowed them under the prisoner's compensation law, which to a large extent relieves the de- mands upon local charities ; the taxpayers receive the benefits of the saving effected by the purchase of goods manufactured by the state for its own use, and the institutions and departments receive a better class of merchandise than can be bought in the open market at the same price.
The sales of manufactured products of the Ohio State Reforma- tory, the Ohio Penitentiary and the state brick plant, operated by penitentiary labor at Gobles, Ohio, for the year ending June 30, 1917, amounted to $452,562.52.
The sales in the Ohio State Reformatory clothing department amounted to $67,837.49; in the furniture department, $41,357.20; shoe department, $48,530.13; printing department, $25,328.57.
Ohio Penitentiary sales were: Soap, $42,860.75; stone quarry, $13,128.28 ; mattresses, shirts and gloves, $24,231.70; furniture (special orders), $13,550.33 ; woolen mill, blankets, cloth, etc. $46,468.79; knit- ting mill, underwear and hosiery, $35,081.80.
Electric current for the five institutions located in Columbus, the state capitol and departments is furnished from the power plant at the penitentiary at the rate of two cents per K. W. In 1917, the sales of current amounted to $35,379.63.
Three important industries are being installed at the penitentiary. One of these is for the manufacture of automobile license tags for 1919, which can be produced by the state at a cost that will mean an enormous saving, compared with the price that the state has paid private contractors. The automobile tag shop also will make metal road signs.
Another important addition at the penitentiary is a cotton mill. For several years the woolen and knitting mills at the state prison have turned out blankets, underwear, hosiery, canton flannel, etc., of an excellent quality, but it has been necessary to buy on the open mar- ket the yarns and warps entering into the making of these goods.
The scarcity and high price of yarns prompted the Board to install a modern 1140-spindle cotton mill, which will use 250,000 pounds of raw cotton a year in making yarns that will be converted into finished products. Figures compiled by the Board show that the cotton mill will pay for itself the first year of its operation.
A garbage reduction plant is being added to the prison soap fac- tory. Garbage from the various state institutions in Columbus will
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OHIO LEGISLATIVE HISTORY.
be reduced, the grease entering into the making of soaps, the residue to be used as tankage.
At Gobles, O., the Board operates a leased brick plant for the production of building and paving brick. Labor is performed by prisoners from the Ohio Penitentiary. Sales of brick made at the state plant in 1917 amounted to $38,849.82.
The operating expenses for 1916 were $3,712,026.90, while the same expense for 1917, owing to a constantly rising market and 962 more inmates, were $4,612,326.00, an increase of $900,299.10. But even with this increase, the per capita for operating expenditures for 1917 was only $203.90, as against $217.25 for 19II (the last year of the separate boards of trustees and managers) which was a saving of $13.36 per inmate, and with a population of 22,618, a total saving for the year of $302,176.48, or a total saving in six years of $3,006,090.30. This saving was made without lowering the efficiency of the institutions.
In the following table is set up, first, the Per Capita Cost of Con- ducting the Twenty State Institutions for the year 1911, the year previous to the time the Board of Administration took over the Public Institutions of the State. Against this is shown the Per Capita Cost for 1912, 1913, 1914, 1915, 1916 and 1917, and the difference in the Per Capita Cost each year of the Board's administration, as compared with the Per Capital Cost under Boards of Trustees.
The difference each year, multiplied by the average daily popula- tion during the year, shows the saving to the State. The saving in the six years under the administration of this Board being $3,006,090.30. This saving is shown against a constantly rising market since 19II for all classes of supplies, materials, etc.
SAVING.
1911 Per Capita
$217 26
1912 Per Capita
189 76
$27 50
1912 Population
20,112
Saving
$553.080 00
1911 Per Capita
$217 26
1913 Per Capita
193 29
$23 97
1913 Population
20,302
Saving
$486,638 94
3,36
OHIO LEGISLATIVE ILISTORY.
1911 Per Capita
$217 26
1914 Per Capita
197 58
1914 Population
21,026
Saving
$413,791 68
1911 Per Capita
$217 26
1915 Per Capita
188 46
$28 80
1915 Population
21,460
Saving
$618,048 00
1911 Per Capita
$217 26
1916 Per Capita
188 06
$29 20
1916 Population
21,656
Saving
$632,355 20
1911 Per Capita
$217 26
1917 Per Capita
*203 90
$13 36
1917 Population
22,618
Saving
$302,176 48
Total Saving, 6 years. $3,006,090 30
The total value of food eaten during 1917 by the inmates of the state institutions was $1,760,585.13, a per capita of $77.84, or a day's ration per inmate of 21 cents. To give some idea as to the quantity, 627,979 pounds of beans were consumed, an average of 27.76 pounds to the inmate; 602,416 pounds of butter, a per capita of 26.63 pounds to the inmate; 29,81I barrels of flour, (about 81 barrels a day) a per capita of 1.32 barrels; 68,536 bushels of potatoes, a per capita of 3.03 bushels, 3,475,975 pounds of meat, a per capita of 153.68 pounds ; 8,247,733 pounds of milk, a per capita of 364.65 pounds. Coffee is consumed at the rate of 902 pounds a day.
$203.90 - Operating Expenditures Per Capita.
28.08 - Improvement Expenditures Per Capita.
$19 68
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OHIO LEGISLATIVE HISTORY.
In 1917 there were consumed at the state institutions 148,771 tons of coal, at a cost of $424,804.86.
In the same year the building program was the largest in the his- tory of the board, the expenditures amounting to $635,001.75, numerous buildings being erected and additions being made because of the in- creased population of the institutions.
The average daily population in 1913 was 20,302; in 1917, 22,618.
The inventory of state property in 1913 amounted to $21,084,255.52, which included $2,573,136.12 for land, and $15,533,064.89 for build- ings. The 1917 inventory shows a property valuation of $26,325,986.16, which includes $3,420,555.62 for lands and $18,856,212.63 for build- ings. Live stock in the 1913 inventory amounted to $66,994.63; in 1917 $314,094.20.
Under the provisions of the act creating the bureau of juvenile research, the Board of Administration has elected Dr. Henry Herbert Goddard as director of the bureau. Dr. Goddard for years has been director of the department of research of the Training School at Vine- land, N. J., an institution of international fame for its success in deal- ing with delinquent and mentally retarded children.
An appropriation of $100,000 has been made for a building to house the bureau, to be located on West Broad street, Columbus, on the land owned by the Columbus State Hospital. Plans for the build- ing are in course of preparation.
Ohio's bureau of juvenile research is the first of its kind in the United States. Its operation is intended to be far-reaching and, car- ried to its fullest possibility, it will mean the permanent segregation of defectives, a dream long cherished by those who study social prob- lems from a practical and scientific standpoint.
Under this law, juveniles will be committed direct to the Board of Administration instead of to those institutions admitting boys and girls. In the Bureau of Juvenile Research they will be detained for examination and observation. Defectives will be placed in the proper institutions and normal but delinquent children, whenever possible, will be placed in private homes, where good training and wholesome moral surroundings will develop them into good citizens.
Through the publication of a book on "The Greatest Problem of the Race - Its Own Conservation," the Board of Administration has made a worthy contribution to social service literature. The book, which was compiled and mostly written by J. W. Jones, superintendent of the State School for the Deaf, serves to convey to the reader in story form the information the public should have concerning Ohio's method of dealing with its wards and acquaints the public with the
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OHIO LEGISLATIVE HISTORY.
various dangers that lurk in the social evil and in ignorance. There is no commercial enterprise behind the publication. Prompted by the enormity of the unnecessary sin, immorality and intemperance and the stupendous expense of maintaining and caring for the products of these undesirable things and with the hope of eradicating much of them, the Board had printed and distributed 50,000 copies of the book. It has gone to all parts of the United States and even to several foreign countries and has been adopted in a number of schools for class work.
In 1913, the Board of Administration consisted of the following : T. E. Davey, president ; Joseph P. Shaffer, Dr. Arthur F. Shepherd and Starr Cadwallader.
On Feb. 1, 1914, Mr. Davey was reappointed to succeed himself.
Feb. 1, 1915, Mr. D. S. Creamer succeeded Mr. Shaffer and on September 16, the same year, C. C. Philbrick was appointed to succeed Mr. Cadwallader, who resigned.
Upon the expiration of Dr. Shepherd's term, Feb. 1, 1916, Dr. E. H. Rorick was appointed to fill the vacancy, and when Dr. Rorick resigned on Feb. 1, 1917, Dr. Shepherd was again made a member of the Board, but resigned June 7, 1917, being succeeded by Mr. H. S. Riddle. Mr. Philbrick resigned on Jan. 6, 1917, and was succeeded by Mr. I. S. Guthery, who was appointed on March 27, 1917.
Mr. Davey, again reappointed on Feb. 1, 1918, died Feb. 20, 1918, having served continuously since the creation of the Board of Ad- ministration.
The personnel of the Board in 1918 included Mr. Creamer, presi- dent, Mr. Riddle and Mr. Guthery, and Dr. Edward Reinhart who was appointed to succeed Mr. Davey.
The institutions under the control of the Board of Administration are :
Athens State Hospital, located one mile east of Athens. Created by act of legislature passed April 13, 1867. Opened for reception of inmates January 9, 1874. Original building constructed on the Kirk- bride plan. Dr. O. O. Fordyce superintendent.
Cleveland State Hospital, located at Newburg, a suburb of Cleve- land. Opened for reception of inmates March 5, 1855. Dr. Arthur G. Hyde, superintendent.
Columbus State Hospital, opened in 1838. It was originally lo- cated on the east side of Columbus in the vicinity of Broad street and Lexington avenue. This building was burned in 1868 and the institu- tion was then removed to its present location in West Columbus. The present hospital building was at the time of its completion the largest
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OHIO LEGISLATIVE HISTORY.
structure for the care of the insane in the world. It is more than a mile around its walls. Dr. W. H. Pritchard superintendent.
Dayton State Hospital, located about three miles southeast from the business section of Dayton. Was opened in 1855. The original building was on the Kirkbride plan, but a number of cottages have been added. Dr. E. A. Baber superintendent.
Lima State Hospital, located 3 miles north of Lima. Built for the custody, care and special treatment of persons who become insane while incarcerated in the Penitentiary or Reformatory; insane in other hospitals who manifest homicidal tendencies or are dangerously violent ; persons accused of crime but not indicted because of insanity ; persons indicted but found to be insane, and persons acquitted because of in- sanity. Was authorized by general assembly in 1904. First patients received July 10, 1915. Distance around buildings measured at grade line 8,150 feet - more than 11/2 miles. Dr. Charles H. Clark super- intendent.
Longview Hospital for the insane, located at Carthage, suburb of Cincinnati. Was established in 1821, but did not receive state aid until 1861. The property is owned by Hamilton county, but the state pays all expenses of maintenance. Admission restricted to residents of Hamilton county. Dr. E. A. North superintendent, succeeding Dr. F. W. Harmon, resigned April 17, 1918, after 37 years service as su- perintendent.
Massillon State Hospital, located two miles south of Massillon. Established by act of legislature March 31, 1892. Opened for recep- tion of patients on Sept. 6, 1898. Constructed entirely on cottage plan with 45 buildings. Dr. H. C. Eyman, superintendent.
Toledo State Hospital, located five miles south of business center of Toledo. Was opened in 1888. Built on cottage plan. Dr. G. R. Love superintendent.
Ohio Hospital for Epileptics, located one mile northeast of Gal- lipolis. Was established in 1893, the first institution of its character in the United States. Built on cottage plan with 43 buildings. Dr. G. G. Kineon superintendent.
Institution for Feeble-Minded, located in Columbus. Was created by act of legislature in 1857 and opened in August of that year in a rented building on East Main street, Columbus, now occupied by the Home for the Friendless. Was removed to its present location on West Broad street in 1868. Maintains custodial farm at Orient, south of Columbus, where older boys are cared for. Dr. E. J. Emerick su- perintendent.
State School for the Blind, located in Columbus. Was opened in
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OHIO LEGISLATIVE HISTORY.
1837, the first school in America for the Blind to be maintained en- tirely at state expense. Only children are admitted, blind adults now being cared for by the State Commission for the Blind. C. F. F. Campbell superintendent.
State School for the Deaf, located in Columbus. Opened in 1829, it being the oldest benevolent institution in Ohio. Regular course of instruction, similar to that in public schools, is supplemented by voca- tonal training. J. W. Jones superintendent.
Ohio State Sanatorium for treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in the incipient stage, located three miles northeast of Mt. Vernon. Constructed on the cottage plan. Was opened in 1909. Dr. S. A. Douglass superintendent.
Ohio Soldiers' and Sailors' Home, located near Sandusky, Erie county. Was opened in 1888 for admission of honorably discharged soldiers and sailors who are citizens of Ohio. Institution is built on the cottage plan with stone quarried on the Home grounds. There are eighteen cottages. Gen. W. R. Burnett, commandant.
Madison Home, located one mile north of Madison. Was estab- lished in 1890 by the National Women's Relief Corps and was na- tional in character. In 1904, the Women's Relief Corps, conveyed the property to the state of Ohio. It is maintained for the wives, mothers and widows of Ohio soldiers and sailors and army nurses. O. W. Kneale superintendent.
Boys' Industrial School, located four miles south of Lancaster. Was opened in 1858. It is built on the cottage plan, with 35 build- ings. Boys between ages of ten and eighteen admitted. R. U. Hast- ings superintendent.
Girls' Industrial School, located ten miles from Delaware. Was established by act of legislature in 1869. Is built on the cottage plan. Mrs .. . Margaret E. McNamara chief matron.
Ohio Penitentiary, located on West Spring street, Columbus, Original penitentiary was opened in 1815 in a building some distance south of the present prison, which was opened in 1834. About 23 acres are enclosed by wall and the average daily population is in excess of 2,000. P. E. Thomas warden.
Ohio State Reformatory, located two miles northeast of Mansfield. Was opened Sept. 17, 1896. Admits males between 16 and 30, not known to have been previously convicted, except those convicted of murder. J. A. Leonard superintendent.
Ohio Reformatory for Women, located one mile southwest of Marysville. Was opened Sept. 1, 1916, for the admission of all females over 16 years of age convicted of felony, misdemeanor or delinquency. Mrs. Louise M. Mittendorf superintendent.
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OHIO LEGISLATIVE HISTORY.
HON. DAVID S. CREAMER Chairman State Board of Administration
A complete biographical sketch of Mr. Creamer may be found on page 189 vol. I of this history, and his work on the Board of Adminis- tration is shown in the preceding article. Likewise a full personal sketch of the life of Mr. Guthery also a member of the Board of Ad- ministration will be found in its order with members of the Ohio House of Representatives in both volumes I and 2 of this work.
HOWARD STERLING RIDDLE
was born at Plain City, Ohio, July 9, 1873. His father Henry C. Riddle was born at Milford Center, Ohio. The mother's maiden was Lombard. Howard was educated in the public schools at Plain City, Ohio, and graduated as a Mechanical Engineer at Ohio State University in 1897.
He has held positions as Mechanical Engineer for the Jeffrey Manufacturing Company of Columbus, Ohio, Diamond Rubber Com- pany of Akron, Ohio, The Northwestern Rubber Company, Liverpool, England, and Consulting Engineer with the Ohio Board of Administra- tion, Columbus, Ohio.
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