USA > Ohio > Ohio legislative history, 1913-1917 > Part 34
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Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Ohio:
Section 871-46. SEC. 1. There is created under the authority and supervision of the industrial commission of Ohio a board of censors of motion picture films. Upon the taking effect of this act, the industrial commission shall appoint with the approval of the governor, three persons, one for one year, one for two years and one for three years, who shall constitute such board. Upon the expiration of the term of each member so appointed a successor shall be appointed in like manner for a term of three years.
The law was amended by the 8Ist General Assembly in 1915. The original Board appointed by Governor Cox in 1913 was composed of Mrs. Maude Murray Miller, of Columbus, James A Maddox, Columbus, and Harry E. Vestal, Ada, Ohio.
Mr. Maddox resigned from the board to accept the management of the Majestic Moving Picture Theatre, Columbus, and Governor Cox appointed W. R. Wilson, of Columbus, to succeed him. H. E. Vestal was succeeded in 1915 by Charles C. Williams, Coshocton, who was appointed by Governor Willis. W. R. Wilson was succeeded in 1917 by Maurice S. Hague, of Columbus, appointed by Governor Cox. The Board now is composed of Mrs. Maude Murray Miller, Chairman ; Charles G. Williams and Maurice S. Hague. Mrs. Miller was re- appointed by Governor Cox following his second inauguration. She has served continuously since the Board was first established.
In the first year of the work of the Board something like seventy per cent of films were ordered "cut out" in the interest of morality and protection to the young, and about ten per cent were entirely rejected. Now there is only about two per cent of films rejected, the manufac- turers and promoters finding that they cannot afford to present un- wholesome pictures to the Board.
The aggregate receipts from "fees" to the Board for the last fiscal year were about $30,000 and the expenditures and running expenses about $20,000.
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CHARLES BURLEIGH GALBREATH State Librarian
One of the best known Libra- rians in the United States is the sub- ject of this sketch.
Charles Burleigh Galbreath was born in Fairfield Township, Colum- biana, County, Ohio, February 25th, 1858. His ancestors were Scotch- Irish and they came from Ireland and settled in North Carolina be- fore the American revolution.
On account of their Anti-Slav- ery views they were compelled to remove to Ohio where they settled near the birthplace of Edwin Cop- pock of Harper's Ferry fame.
Charles B. Galbreath was edu- cated in the district schools of Co- lumbiana County and Lisbon High School. He entered Mt. Union Col- lege and graduated from that institution in 1883 with the degree of M. A.
He was elected principal of the Wilmot, Stark County, schools where he remained until 1886 when he resigned to accept the position of superintendent of the East Palestine schools where he remained eight years. He resigned in 1893 to accept a place in Mt. Hope College, be- coming president of that institution three years later.
Mr. Galbreath was school examiner in Columbiana County eight years. He was first appointed State Librarian under the administration of Governor Asa Bushnell in 1896, and he has served with one inter- mission of three years ever since until his successor John Henry Newman was appointed in 1918.
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CHARLES L. RESCH, State Oil Inspector
The position of Inspector of Oils in Ohio has always carried with it a large degree of political responsibility and the present occupant of the of- fice is well known as a successful and very popular man with the public. Charles L. Resch was born in Marion Township, Franklin County, Ohio, September 20th, 1871. He received his education in the district school of Marion Township, the public schools of Columbus and later he studied two years in the German Lu- theran Parochial School. Mr. Resch has always taken an active interest in politics and is a thorough going Democrat of the Jacksonian type. In 1903 he was appointed Deputy in the office of Sheriff George J. Karb where he remained five years. On May Ist, 1908, he was appointed Deputy Warden of the Ohio Penitentiary, resigning that position to become a candidate for sheriff of Franklin County. He was elected sheriff and re-elected in 1914, serving most acceptably to the people.
Mr. Resch was finely equipped for his present position and in 1917 Governor Cox tendered him the appointment.
In the year 1894 Mr. Resch was joined in marriage with Miss Catherine Will of Columbus, Ohio.
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GEN. JOHN C. SPEAKS, Chief Game Warden
The state of Ohio probably gives more attention than any other state to the propagation and preservation of Fish and Game. All of the bor- dering lakes and inland streams are constantly replenished with young fish and the game laws are rigidly enforced.
Gen. Speaks has held the office of Game Warden since 1907 when he was appointed by Governor Harris. John C. Speaks was born at Canal Winchester, Franklin County, Ohio, February IIth, 1859. He received his education in the public schools and was engaged in various business enterprises at Canal Winchester and Columbus for many years. He was a member of the Ohio National guard for more than thirty years rising through all the ranks of the Fourth Regiment and finally to the command of the second Brigade. When the Ohio troops were mobilized for service in the present world war General Speaks went with his command to Camp Sheridan, Alabama, but was later honorably discharged when he returned to his position as Game Warden.
In the year 1889 Gen. Speaks was joined in marriage with Miss Edna Lawyer of Canal Winchester, and they have 3 sons now in the military service of the U. S.
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OHIO BOARD OF STATE CHARITIES. H. H. Shirer, Secretary
The Ohio Board of State Charities is composed of eight members ap- pointed by the Governor, who is an ex-officio member and president of the Board. The law requires that the membership shall be equally divided between the two leading political parties and fixes the term of office at four years - the terms of two members expiring annually. The members receive no compensa- tion for their services, but the actual expenses incurred by them in the discharge of their duties are paid by the State. The Board appoints its own Secretary and heads of depart- ments. It is required to hold quar- terly meetings, but special meetings of the entire Board or committees
thereof mav be held at any time.
It was first established by an act of the legislature passed in 1867, Massachusetts being the only state to precede Ohio in the en- actment of such a law. Its organiation at that time was due to the efforts of a member of the House of Representatives from Cuyahoga County, Honorable D. A. Dangler, who had the support of the then Governor, Jacob D. Cox. The motive that actuated Mr. Dangler in the introduction of his measure is defined by him as follows: "1 availed myself of the opportunity, as a member of the Ohio Legisla- ture, of visiting the State institutions for the purpose of familiarizing myself, as far as possible, with their arrangement. It was after such a visit that I became impressed that the citizens of the great State of Ohio should have a more perfect knowledge of the management of these institutions than was gained by the annual visits of their rep- resentatives in the Legislature." In a speech advocating the passage of the bill introduced by him, Mr. Dangler said :
"My objects are, by the agency of a common center and common head, to crystallize those various suggestions tending towards reforma-
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tion and economy in the present system of management and extend their application to all alike by the same agency; to extract from the systems in use in the European states and countries, such ideas as may be applicable to our peculiar wants and requirements; through the introduction of statistics and analytical records, to assist in the diminu- tion of crime, suffering and sickness, by pointing out the causes, occa- sion and the source; by the adoption of similar rules and regulations for institutions of a like character, to render their management uniform, harmonious and effective, and by a common standard of qualification for the various offices, prevent the appointment of any but those fully qualified to discharge the various duties with honesty and efficiency."
In 1872 the Board was abolished, but it was again organized in 1876 under the old law with the additional provision for a salaried secre- tary. On April 15, 1880, the law was so amended as to provide for a Board of six members, instead of five, the original number. In 1913, the General Assembly again amended the law changing the member- ship from six to eight.
The original purpose of the Board was not to create an executive agency, but one that would have supervision over the whole system of public charitable and correctional institutions of the State, counties and cities. It has authority to require reports from all such institu- tions, showing the cost of operation and statistics of inmates. All plans for State institutions, jails, children's homes, infirmaries and other public correctional and benevolent institutions must be submitted to the Board for criticism and approval. The Governor of the State may, at any time, order an investigation of a public institution, to be made by the entire Board or by a designated committee thereof.
In 1910, the General Assembly placed an important administrative duty upon the Board, by the passage of the law known as the Pay Patient Law, whereby relatives and guardians of patients in certain State institutions would be subject to investigation as to financial resources and, when so ordered, to reimburse the State for the sup- port of such patients, at a rate not exceeding $3.50 per week. The original act and amendments thereto require such investigations to be made in relation to patients in State hospitals for the insane, the Hospital for Epileptics, the Institution for Feeble-Minded and the State Sanatorium. From August 15, 1910, when the law was put into effect, to June 30, 1917, there was paid into the State Treasury, $2,- 049,645.07. The cost to the State for collecting the above amount has been a trifle less than four per cent.
The General Assembly in 1913 passed an act which requires the Board of State Charities to certify or license all public and private in-
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stitutions and agencies caring for dependent and delinquent children. The same act also conferred upon the Board the right to receive into its custody dependent children, by commitment by Juvenile Courts and transfer from child-caring agencies. To carry out this new and im- portant function, the Board created a division known as the Children's Welfare Department. The demands upon this Department for the care of children have been much greater than the funds available have permitted, in order to have a staff of workers to properly perform this peculiar function. From the creation of the Children's Welfare De- partment to June, 1917, 249 children have been received into its cus- tody as public wards. During the same period 756 visits were made to 217 institutions; 569 visits have been made to foster homes of wards; advice and special service have been given to cases not wards of the Board in 409 instances. Each year the workers of this Depart- ment travel approximately 75,000 miles.
During the existence of the Board of State Charities, there have been some very important developments in the State service. Many of these have been finally achieved after years of effort to arouse the citizens to realization of the necessity for such. In brief, some of the progressive steps are as follows :
1. The development of the cottage plan of institutions for the care of in- sane. It is said that the Toledo State Hospital is the first hospital in the world which is built on a plan other than large congregate buildings. This hospital was opened in 1888. This type of architecture has been adopted in the development of new institutions and in additions to others.
2. The establishment of a reformatory for male felons between sixteen and thirty years of age who are first offenders. The achievements of this Institution at Mansfield, under the able superintendency of J. A. Leonard, have attracted world-wide notice and admiration.
3. The adoption of the indeterminate sentence for all persons committed to the reformatories and to the Penitentiary.
4. The establishment of a separate institution for the exclusive care of epileptics. The Hospital at Gallipolis, built on the cottage plan and opened in 1893, was the first complete State institution in the United States for this purpose.
5. An attempt to afford custodial care for feeble-minded adults and the de- velopment of a farm colony in connection with the State Institution. The present facilities are inadequate to meet the demands for custodial care of this unfortunate group of individuals, which are now being considered as much of a social menace as the insane.
6. Departure from the stern practice of mechanical restraint for the insane in state institutions and the gradual development of occupational activities for such.
7. The establishment of a State Sanatorium for persons afflicted with in- cipient pulmonary tuberculosis.
8. The establishment of district sanatariums for the treatment and care of various types and stages of tubercular affection.
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9. The creation of a special institution for the care of insane criminals and other insane persons who have criminal tendencies. This institution is known as Lima State Hospital and was opened for the reception of patients in 1915.
10. The creation of a State Reformatory for women, at Marysville, for the care of female felons and misdemeanants. This includes offenders previously committed to the Ohio Penitentiary and many others who were sentenced to work- houses and county jails.
11. The creation of a central plan of management of State Institutions by a Board known as the Ohio Board of Administration, consisting of four members, not more than two of whom shall be members of the same political party. No other State Board of this character is so constituted so as to prevent, so far as possible, any attempt at political control by particular party. In 1910, this Board succeeded the former boards of trustees for each institution, except the Ohio Soldiers' and Sailors' Orphans' Home, which continues under the former plan.
SECRETARIES OF BOARD.
The Secretary of the Board is the executive officer of the Board. In addition to his executive duties in management of the office, he visits and inspects State and County institutions.
Since its organization in 1867, the Board has had four Secretaries : Rev. Albert G. Byers, M. D., 1867-1890; John G. Doran, December, 1890, to April, 1892; Joseph Perkins Byers, son of the first Secretary, April, 1892, to November, 1902; H. H. Shirer, since December 1, 1902.
The present Secretary was born near Dayton in 1872. He was graduated from the High School of that city in 1893 and received the Degree of Bachelor of Arts at Heidelberg University at Tiffin, Ohio, in 1897. Within a few days after receipt of his College Degree, he was appointed an instructor at the University and continued in that work until his unanimous election as Secretary of the Board. In 1898 he married a college classmate, Etta May Dannenberg. A daugh- ter is a member of the graduating class at East High School and a son is student at the Douglas Junior High School. Since Mr. Shirer's residence in Columbus he has been identified with a number of local activities, serving as the President of the Columbus Oratorio Society for several years, and a member of the Board of Managers of the Associated Charities. For six years, he has been Financial Secretary of the American Prison Association.
MEDICAL LAW OF OHIO. Dr. H. M. Platter, Secretary
Board-The governor, by and with the advice and consent of the senate, appoints the State Medical Board, consisting of seven members, to serve for seven years, representation being given to schools of practice in the state as nearly as possible in propor- tion to their numerical strength in the state but no one school to have a majority of the whole board.
Board Members - John K. Scud- der, M. D., President (1919), Cin- cinnati; Ben R. McClellan, M. D., Vice President (1922) ; J. H. J. Up- ham, M. D. (1920), Columbus ; S. M. Sherman, M. D., Treasurer ( 1921), Columbus; Lester E. Siemon, M. D., (1918), Cleveland; C. E. Sawyer, M. D., (1923), Marion; Lee Humphrey, M. D., (1924), Malta; H. M. Platter, M. D., Secretary, State House, Columbus. The Entrance Ex- aminer for the board is Prof. K. D. Swartzel, Columbus.
Examinations - Examinations are held at Columbus in June and December.
Fees - Examination, $25.00; recording fee, 50 cents; reciprocal fee, $50.00. Preliminary examination fee, $3.00. In case of failure applicant is entitled to re-examination within twelve months.
Application for License - The applicant must file with the sec- retary a written application on a form prescribed by the board, verified by oath, and furnish satisfactory proof that he is more than 21 years old and is of good moral character. In the application, as a condition of admission to the examination, he must produce acceptable credentials of preliminary education (see College Standard) and must present either a diploma from some legally chartered medical institution in the United States in good standing at the time of issuing such diploma, as defined by the Board, or a diploma or license approved by the board
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which has conferred the full right to practice all branches of medicine or surgery in some foreign country. The diploma or license, legally certified, must be presented with the application, together with such other data bearing on the applicant's medical education, as the board may require. If the evidence submitted is satisfactory to the board, the applicant is admitted to an examination (given in the English lan- guage only) in anatomy, physiology, Pathology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, the principles and practice of medicine, diagnosis, surgery, obstetrics and such other subjects as the board re- quires. Examinations in materia medica, therapeutics and principles and practice are conducted by the member or members of the board rep- resenting the applicant's school of practice. The examination in diagnosis includes laboratory tests in urinalysis, identification of patho- logic and bacteriological slides and also clinical examination of patients. Practical examinations are also given in anatomy, surgery, and obstetrics. Certificates must be recorded with the probate judge of the county in which the applicant resides. On change of residence the certificate must be recorded anew by the probate judge of the county into which the holder removes. Temporary licenses are not granted by the board. The board has authority to refuse or to revoke a license for cause.
College Standard - Preliminary Requirements - In accordance with the law of April 14, 1900, amended May 9, 1908, the board ap- pointed and certified a preliminary examiner who is empowered to issue certificates to prospective matriculants in Ohio medical colleges which guarantee proper preliminary education, and which are on (I) accept- able credentials or (2) on examination.
The credentials which may be accepted are as follows: (a) a di- ploma from a reputable college granting the degree of A. B., B. S., or equivalent degree; (b) a diploma from a high school of the first grade, normal school or seminary, legally constituted, issued after four years of study; (c) a teachers' permanent or life certificate; (d) a student's certificate of examination for admission to the freshman class of a reputable literary or scientific college.
In the absence of the foregoing qualifications, the entrance ex- aminer may examine the applicant in such branches as are required for graduation from a first-class high school of this state, and to pass such examination is deemed sufficient qualification. If the examination is passed and the fee of $3.00 is paid, a medical student's entrance cer- tificate is issued. A general average of 75 per cent. is required.
Medical Education - Applicant must have completed four full course of not less than thirty-two weeks each, exclusive of vacations
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and holidays, in four separate years in a medical college recognized by the board.
Exemptions - The act does not prohibit service in case of emer- gency, or the domestic administration of family remedies; nor does it apply to any commissioned medical officer of the government service in the discharge of his professional duties, nor to any legally qualified dentist when engaged exclusively in the practice of dentistry ; nor to legally qualified consultants; nor to legally qualified physicians or sur- geons residing on the border of a neighboring state, whose practice ex- tends into the limits of this state; nor to any osteopath who has passed an examination before the board in anatomy, physiology, obstetrics and diagnosis, and who is licensed to practice osteopathy in the state, but not permitted to administer drugs nor to perform major surgery.
Reciprocity - No applicant who has failed to pass the Ohio examination will be granted a license under the reciprocity clause. Ohio reciprocates on the basis of an examination with New York, New Jer- sey, Texas, Louisiana, Pennsylvania, Utah, Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyo- ming, and on the basis either of an examination or diploma from a recognized medical college without examination, if the diploma and the license were issued prior to July 1, 1900, with Arkansas, Colorado, Dis- trict of Columbia, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri Nebraska, Vermont, West Virginia, Kentucky, Dela- ware, California, Oklahoma, Mississippi Alabama, Illinois.
Definition of Act- "A person shall be regarded as practicing medicine or surgery or midwifery, within the meaning of this act, who uses the words or letters, 'Dr.,' 'Doctor,' 'Professor,' 'M. D.,' 'M. B.,' or any other title in connection with his name which in any way rep- resents him as engaged in the practice of medicine, surgery, or mid- wifery, in any of its branches, or who examines or diagnoses for a fee or compensation of any kind, or prescribes, advises, recommends, ad- ministers or dispenses for a fee or compensation of any kind, direct or indirect, a drug or medicine, appliance, application, operation or treatment of whatever nature for the cure or relief of a wound, frac- ture or bodily injury, infirmity or disease. The use of any such words, letters or titles in such connection or under such circumstances as to induce the belief that the person who uses them is engaged in the prac- tice of medicine, surgery or midwifery, shall be prima facie evidence of the intent of such person to represent himself as engaged in the prac- tice of medicine, surgery or midwifery."
Acts of Feb. 1896; April 14, 1900; April 21, 1902; and March 19, 1906; revised and consolidated May 9, 1908; codified Feb. 14, 1910; amended May 31, 1911 ; April 18, 1913 ; April 26, 1915, and May 1, 1915.
WILLIAM H. TOMLINSON, Superintendent of Insurance
The Insurance Department of Ohio is one of the most important branches of the State Government and it has had able men for super- intendent during recent years. Wil- liam H. Tomlinson, the present head of the department was born at Day- ton, Ohio, January 28th, 1861. His father and mother were natives of North Carolina. Mr. Tomlinson re- ceived his education in the public schools at Dayton, Ohio, and he graduated from Central High School in that city in 1881. He read law with Hon. John A. McMahon and was admitted to the Bar at Coluni- bus, O., in 1885. He entered prac- tice of his profession at Dayton and was clerk of Mayor's Court in 1890- 1892. He was elected clerk of the Dayton Municipal Court in 1892 for a term of three years and was the only Democrat elected on the city ticket that year. Mr. Tomlinson was a candidate for Judge of Police Court in 1895, but was defeated by 51 votes.
In the year 1892 Mr. Tomlinson was married to Miss Laura Thorlt- ley of Gallipolis, Ohio.
Mr. Tomlinson served on the Dayton City Board of Elections for nine years and he was co-author of the first state-wide primary law, in connection with U. S. Senator Burton and others. He was in 1913 appointed Inspector in the State Banking Department, "Blue Sky" division, by Governor Cox, continuing during the administration of Governor Willis.
On June Ist, 1917, Mr. Tomlinson was appointed by Governor Cox Superintendent of Insurance to succeed Judge Taggart.
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T. ALFRED FLEMING
State Fire Marshal
The department of State Fire Marshal has been in operation in Ohio for about 15 years and it is safe to say that within that period of time many millions of dollars worth of property has been saved to the people of the state through the deter- rent effect against the crime of arson which has been brought about by the vigilance of the Fire Marshal's office.
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